US119465A - Improvement in the manufacture of paper-pulp or stock - Google Patents
Improvement in the manufacture of paper-pulp or stock Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US119465A US119465A US119465DA US119465A US 119465 A US119465 A US 119465A US 119465D A US119465D A US 119465DA US 119465 A US119465 A US 119465A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- stock
- pulp
- paper
- boiler
- iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 title description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 64
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000209134 Arundinaria Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 229920002253 Tannate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001143 conditioned Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000000218 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001596 FEMA 2967 Substances 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furfural Chemical class O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000000907 Musa textilis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 hemp Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 marijuana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C7/00—Digesters
Definitions
- the shavings, chips, or cuttings of wood, plants, or paper-stock material are placed in a strong close boiler, preferably a rotary boiler, revolving on its short axis end over end, of form as described in my patent of July 25, 1871, No. 117,- 427.
- a strong close boiler preferably a rotary boiler, revolving on its short axis end over end, of form as described in my patent of July 25, 1871, No. 117,- 427.
- My present invention consists in so modifying the treatment as to avoid this evil. I have satisfied myself that the preparation of crude paperstock should not be made in an iron boiler with pure water or steam, if said stock is intended to be subsequently treated for white paper, unless some provision is made to preserve the boiler from corrosion and the stock from the impregnation of iron.
- A represents the boiler; B B B B the rings of positive electric composition, shown by crosssectional view. 7
- Either of these plans preserves theboiler from destruction by acids, and leaves the paper-stock or pulp in a pure conditionjfree from iron stains or rust, and in the best condition for future treatment with alkali and bleach to produce a pure white paper-stock at the lowest cost, and can be cheaply 'treated subsequently for white paper-stock or pulp by any of the present or other suitable methods.
- the time and temperature necessary for the alkaline treatment depend on the stock under treatment, and will vary from thirty minutes to five hours, and from 212 to 380 Fahrenheit, green succulent stock being easily reduced, while the dry and seasoned materials require more time and increased temperature.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
Description
MORRIS L. KEEN.
lmprovementin the Manufacture of Paper Pulp or Stock.
No. 119,465, Patented Oct. 3,, JBJI.
1:! Mann .Sj'ra'ras .Raraivr QrrIoE.
MORRIS I1. KEEN, OF JERSEY CITY, NEWV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO SAMUEL A.
' 1 WALSH, OF NEW YORK CITY.
IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER-PULP OR STOCK.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 119,465, dated October 3, 1871.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, MORRIS L. KEEN, of J ersey Oity, county of Hudson, State ofNew J ersey, have invented an Improved Process for Making Paper-Stock or Pulp from wood, straw, cane, and other materials suitable for the production of paper-stock or pulp.
The shavings, chips, or cuttings of wood, plants, or paper-stock material are placed in a strong close boiler, preferably a rotary boiler, revolving on its short axis end over end, of form as described in my patent of July 25, 1871, No. 117,- 427. I have discovered that treatment of these materials with steam and water, without alkali, as described in previous patents issued to me, is liable to develop acids, which attack the iron of the boiler and injure both it and the paper-stock. The iron chemically dissolved from the interior of the boiler, becoming fixed in the paperstock by the subsequent use of alkalies, leaves the pa per-stock stained or dyed.
My present invention consists in so modifying the treatment as to avoid this evil. I have satisfied myself that the preparation of crude paperstock should not be made in an iron boiler with pure water or steam, if said stock is intended to be subsequently treated for white paper, unless some provision is made to preserve the boiler from corrosion and the stock from the impregnation of iron. The more perfect the disintegration and pulping of crude materials and removal of interstitial matter by pure water or steam, the more porous and spongy the pulp becomes and the greater becomes the necessity for guarding against its impregnation and stain from iron.
My first mode'of attaining this end is by electrical or galvanic means, which may be availed of in a cheap and convenient form for practical and permanent use. I find that the iron of the boiler may be electrically so conditioned as to prevent the action of acetic acid or pyroligneous acids, tannic acids or any other acids or acidulated extracts or spirits liberated during the treatment of paper-stock. Zinc, or zinc and tin, or other positive metals, may be introduced in the form of rings encircling the interior of the boiler at each end and at one or more intermediate points. I prefer to use it in the manner herein set forth and illustrated in the drawing hereto attached.
A represents the boiler; B B B B the rings of positive electric composition, shown by crosssectional view. 7
Other methods of electrical preservation of iron boilers from action of acids named, and the preservation of paper-stock or pulp from impregnation or iron stain, by said electrical protection of iron, may, answer nearly as well. Iron boilers so conditioned I propose in the remainder of the specification to term electrically protected.
Other means are available for working of my invention, which may be termed mechanical. One of the cheapest methods of mechanical protection is by plating the interior of the boiler with tin or any metal not liable to be affected by the acids generated in the process of producing paper-stock from crude materials. This is not, in my view, as reliable as the other mode, because of the liability of small portions of the surface of the iron to become exposed and induce mischief. I have not experimented with this plan, nor with an obviously available substitutea boiler entirely of copper or other noncorrodible metal-but believe that my improvement in this treatment may be realized by these means, though in a less desirable manner. Either of these plans preserves theboiler from destruction by acids, and leaves the paper-stock or pulp in a pure conditionjfree from iron stains or rust, and in the best condition for future treatment with alkali and bleach to produce a pure white paper-stock at the lowest cost, and can be cheaply 'treated subsequently for white paper-stock or pulp by any of the present or other suitable methods. There are marked advantages attending the pulping or partial pulping of crude paper-stock without alkalies, but the considerable time of treatment required either at low or high temperature to remove the interstitial matter to produce the best pulp affords a prolonged time for acid action on the boiler and a thorough charging of the pores of the pulp with tannate or acetate of iron, which cannot easily be washed out prior to the alkaline treatment made subsequently. The stock or pulp so saturated with" tannate or acetate of iron is stained by the precipitation of the iron in the stock during its subsequent treatment with alkali, and is most difficult to remove from the pulp. It entails a tedious scouring and washing process to even partially effect it, and is then attended with serious injury to the stock. In a word, no crude mate.
rials or plants intended for white paper-stock or pulp should be treated by pure water or steam in an iron boiler without provisions alluded to in this specification.
I have found that with the provisions alluded to, which I have termed electricallyprotected boiler, or with a boiler internally plated or coated, or composed of metal or material not affected by acids liberated in the treatment of paper-stock by hot water or steam or vapor, a good crude paper-stock or pulp can be produced by treatment in a close vessel, with steam and water, from straw, cane, shavings of wood, flax tow, hemp tow, Manila hemp, jute, and all crude materials adapted for paper-stock. The stock under treatment should be thoroughly saturated with water. To obtain the best results, during the boiling and steaming all the interstitial liberated by this treatment may be washed out by percolation in a vertical boiler or blown out at bottom of boiler; or the material may be dumped out and squeezed or washed out prior to boiling said pulp in alkali. If the above treatment is made in the manner herein described and in the apparatus set forth, forty to sixty per cent. of the interstitial may be removed prior to the alkaline treatment, and only eight to ten per cent. caustic alkali in solution to one hundred pounds raw material will be required for the production of a pure gray pulp that'may be readily and cheaply bleached.
The time and temperature necessary for the alkaline treatment depend on the stock under treatment, and will vary from thirty minutes to five hours, and from 212 to 380 Fahrenheit, green succulent stock being easily reduced, while the dry and seasoned materials require more time and increased temperature.
I claim- As an improvement in the treatment of paperstock with vapor or water, or both, the protection of the boiler and the contained material from action on each other by the means herein described, or a substantial equivalent therefor, so as to avoid the corrosion of the boiler and the staining of the stock, as herein specified.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.
MORRIS L. KEEN.
Witnesses:
'lHoMAs D. STETSON,
CAMPBELL O. LIVINGS. (81)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US119465A true US119465A (en) | 1871-10-03 |
Family
ID=2188914
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US119465D Expired - Lifetime US119465A (en) | Improvement in the manufacture of paper-pulp or stock |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US119465A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3454233A (en) * | 1966-07-11 | 1969-07-08 | Us Stoneware Inc | Ball mill drum |
US20030228616A1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2003-12-11 | Stratagene | DNA polymerase mutants with reverse transcriptase activity |
-
0
- US US119465D patent/US119465A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3454233A (en) * | 1966-07-11 | 1969-07-08 | Us Stoneware Inc | Ball mill drum |
US20030228616A1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2003-12-11 | Stratagene | DNA polymerase mutants with reverse transcriptase activity |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
GB347096A (en) | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of paper | |
NO128174B (en) | ||
US119465A (en) | Improvement in the manufacture of paper-pulp or stock | |
US223670A (en) | Manufacture of paper-pulp from wood | |
JP4538235B2 (en) | Method for modifying cellulose fiber | |
US2805156A (en) | Process for the separation of pith and fiber components of bagasse | |
US2161763A (en) | Process of making paper pulp | |
JP2526561B2 (en) | Pulping method by chemical explosion method | |
US131465A (en) | Improvement in processes of disintegrating vegetable fiber s | |
US3013934A (en) | High yield pulp from hardwoods | |
US1816456A (en) | Method of making straw pulp for straw board | |
US199427A (en) | Improvement in the manufacture of paper-pulp from salt-water fibrous plants | |
US108487A (en) | Improvement in the manufacture of paper-stock | |
US179103A (en) | Improvement in the processes for manufacturing paper-pulp from wood | |
US119464A (en) | Improvement in the manufacture of paper pulp | |
US150111A (en) | Improvement in processes of reducing wood to paper-pulp | |
US56832A (en) | Improved process for the manufacture of paper-stock | |
US150504A (en) | Improvement in the processes for the manufacture of paper | |
US260749A (en) | Making and for textile and other purposes | |
US1582336A (en) | Process of producing paper pulp | |
US1880049A (en) | Process of producing white wood pulp for high grade paper manufacture | |
US333731A (en) | On and treatment of vegetable fibrous substances | |
US1165323A (en) | Process for manufacturing paper-stock and paper from cotton-stalks, &c. | |
US1816457A (en) | Method of making straw pulp for straw board | |
US208518A (en) | Improvement in the manufacture of paper and paper-pulp |