US1188751A - Ingot-mold. - Google Patents

Description

E. GATHMANN. INGOT'MOLD.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 6, 1916.

flgll 88,?5 l Patented June 2?', 1916.

grvucnfoz Emi@ @ahma/nm v PATENT JFFICE.

INGOT-MOLD.

Application filed May 6, 1916.

l T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EMIL GATHMANN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Baltimore, Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ingot- Molds, vof which the following is a speciication.

This invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of ingot molds of the class in which the larger part of the mold is uppermost. Molds of this kind are generally open at both top and bottom, the bottom being closed while casting by means of a stool 'on which the mold rest-s and which is sometimes provided with a short projection which enters the opening in the bottom of the mold.

The object of my present invention is t0 efficiently seal the bottom portion of the mold chamber in such manner as to prevent theA escape of the molten metal therefrom and to also so shape or form the lower portionv of the mold chamber that a relatively small crop of the lower or butt end of the ingot is required and the presence or formation ofv rentrant angles, which would impede the stripping of the ingot from the mold, is prevented.

In this class of molds, known as bigend-up molds, where the mold is solid or j not made in sections as is sometimes done,

4impede the stripping operation.

the ingot is stripped from the mold by either 'being raised or pushed out of the mold, or the mold is reversed and the ingot dropped out. If the molten metal leaks from the bottom of the mold in such a manner as to form a lateral fin at the inner end of the ingot, the stripping of the ingot is prevented or impeded, furthermore if the walls of the mold cavity are not properly formed what are known as stickers are formed on the ingot which prevent or impede the stripping operation. It is quite important that the mold cavity should be ree-fro1n rentrant angles which tend to According to my present invention the bottom opening of the mold is preferably formed with -walls which converge downwardly and the walls ofthe lower portion of the mold cavity are formed with rounded or convex walls surrounding the 'inner end of the bottom opening and which merge into the concaved walls ofthe lower portion of the mold. By this construction the presence or formation of rentrant angles Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 27, 1916.

serial No. $5,878.

is prevented and the stripping of the i11- got in facilitated. Nhcre the mold stool is provided with a projection which enters the bottom opening in the mold such projection is preferably tapered inwardly and sealing material of a refractory nature is spread upon the top of the stool and this material also enters the recess surrounding the inwardly projecting portion of the stool. In some cases the projection on thev stool may be dispensed with and the refractory material is made to fill or partially ll the bottom opening` of the mold.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows a vertical Centralsection through an ingot mold embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a view on an enlarged scale and vin vertical section of the lower portion of the mold. lFig. 3 is a view dissimilar to Fig. 2 of a modification.

The mold A may be of usual construction but is preferably of the kind shown, z'. e., a big-end-up mold having its walls thicker in the lower portion than in the upper portion thereof for purposes now well understood. Devices a may be attached to the mold to which the mold-lifting mechanism may be applied, and the mold may bc provided with a sink-head or feeder B comprising a metallic shell b and a lining b of suitable material, such as loam. The stool C, shown in Figs. 1 and 2, has an inwardly projecting portion c which is preferably tapered inwardly as shown.

The formation of the mold cavity in its lower portion is of great importance and my invention relates to that part of the mold. In the three figures of the drawings the lower portion of the mold cavity is shown as being necked-in toward the bottom opening ofA the mold and this necked-in portion is curved orv concaved, the radius of the concave being preferably less than one-half the diameter of the mold at its lower portion. This is indicated at a. The walls of the bottom opening of the mold may be fiat or straight as shown, but preferably tapering outwardly as indicated. W'here the walls of the bottom opening join the concaved walls a there is a rounded portion the radius being, as indicated in the drawings, relatively short being"`struck 'from the centers y. In this way the concaved walls gradually merge into the tapered walls of the bottom opening vof the niold and the sticking of the ingot in the mold at its lower end is entirely prevented.

' If the portion were angularv the molten metal would be apt to cut into the mold walls and form a recess or recesses where the metal would enter and thus form keys or stickers which would impede the stripping operation. Furthermore by reason of the form which I give to the lower portion of the mold, the molten metal, while being poured, will spread sidewise against the concave portions a and will be directed upward and thus lessen the liability of forming stickers. It iS also apparent that even should the walls a be worn away during the pouring of the molten metal the formation of stickers or rentrant angles will not occur.

' As before stated the radius of the concave a is preferably less than one-half the diameter of the mold cavity in its lower portion. This is for the reason that after the ingot is formed it is customary to reheat it preliminary to the rolling operation and at this time some of the coke which usually forms the bed upon which the ingot rests will adhere to the lower portion of the ingot and such adhering coke is subsequently rolled into the metal when the ingot is erwise applied, is spread upon the proJection c as indicated at D in Figs, 1 and 2, orl is made to fill or partially lill the bottom opening as indicated at D in Fig 3. This sealing material may, if desired, be 'protected in the manner described in my Patent No. 1,170,629. of February 8, 1916, but my invention does not relate to this feature but is concerned with a particular way of forming the lower portion of the mold cavity which is not shown in said prior patent.

I claim as my invention:

1. A metallic mold, the cavity of which in its lower portiondias concaved walls, and which mold has a bottom opening formed with walls which converge. downwardly and -with rounded or convex walls surrounding the inner end of said opening which merge into the concaved Wallsv of the lower portion of the mold.

2. A metallic mold, the cavity of which in its lower portion has concaved walls, and which mold has a bottom opening formed with' walls which converge downwardly and with roundedv or convex walls surrounding the inner end of said opening which merge into the concaved walls of the lower portion of the mold, and sealing material applied in the bottom opening of the mold.

3. A metallic mold, the lower portion of which has concaved walls and which mold has a bottom opening surrounded at its inner end with rounded or convex walls which merge with the concaved walgls of the lower portion of the mold.

4E. A metal mold open at top. and bottom and the lower portion of which. surrounding the bottom opening has concave walls, the radius of which is less than onehalf the diameter of the lower portion, of the mold cavity.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

' E IL GATHMANN. Witnesses:

M. MEwsHAw, FRANK D. SmTH.

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