US1187588A - Hydraulic nozzle. - Google Patents

Description

'UNITED sTATEsPATENr OFFICE.

WILLIAM M. WHITE, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

HYDRAULIC NOZZLE.

plants, mining and analogous arts.

An object ofthe invention is to provide a hydraulic nozzle which is simple in construction and eiicient in operation and in which the means for-changing the direction and the size of the jet. are confined within a stationary nozzle casing.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for balancing the pressures on movable parts within .the nozzle and especially the pressure acting in line with the casing openings and parallel thereto, thereby reducing to a minimum the wear and the -power required to shift the movable parts.

Still another object of the invention is to provide connections operable through one of a pair of alined openings in the casing, for manipulating the jet discharged from the nozzle through one of the openings.

Some of the primary features of the nozzle disclosed in this application are claimed broadly in application Serial No.700,541, filed May 27,1912.

A clear conception of several embodiments ofthe invention may behad by referring 'to the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification in whichlike reference characters designate thesame or similar parts in the various views.

Figure 1 is a central vertical. section through 'a' nozzle and a portion `of the supply pipe leading thereto. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section through the nozzle disclosed to Y tionfthrough the nozzle disclosed in Fig. 3, the section being 4taken along -the line 5, :arrow F1g5 is a central vertical secal Fig. 1, the'` section Abeing takenjalong the line II-K-II a 1 looking inthel direction 'ofthe 'arrf'rWf'v ig. 3 is'a central vertical `section through a modified form of nozzle.

and, aportion of fthe supply pipe 'leading thereto, Fig.- 4 is a-transverse vertical sec- IV-l-IVfof Fig. 3 looking in the direction of Specification of Letters Patent.

tion through a modified form of nozzle and a portion of the supply pipe leading thereto. Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section through the nozzle disclosed in Fig. 5, the section being. taken along the line VI-VI of Fig. 5 looking in the direction of the arrow.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the stationary nozzle casing consists essentially 'of a body portion 4, a front cap 19 and a rear cap 18. The front and rear caps 19,'18,'are provided with alined front and rear casing'openings respectively, which are substantially equal in cross-sectional area, and throughV the former of which the jet discharged from the nozzle is projected. The fluid supply pipe Patented J une 20, 1916.

Application led March 12, 1913. Serial No. 754,124.

8, which .normally contains fluid, usually water, under pressure, connects `with the body portion 4 of the nozzle casing. Thel portion of the hood ,2. The front cap 20 of the hood 2'is provided with a suitably directed'oriice wlfeh connects with the front casing opening a..d through which the jet leaving the nozzle is projected. The fluid from the supply pipe 8 enters the interior of the hood 2 through a suitably directed pas` sage leading intothe hood 2 adjacent the supply pipe 8. A means for controlling the s1ze or cross-section of the `jet delivered which lvaries the effective area ofthe jet ori-'f' from the nozzle is provided in the form of The cap 2O ofthe hood 2 is rovided with a curved surface 9 generated a out the comf mon axis of the pins 3 as a center line. The

surface 9,L4ofthe cap 20'coacts with a similarly Aformedjsurface'ofthe casing cap 19,

-the joint between the coa'cting caps 19, 20, "being packed by means of a suitablel packing 11. Y They flange 42at thewrearend of .the hood 2 is provided with a curvedsurface i 10 also generated about the-common axis of f comprises only front and rear portions con-l nected rigidly together,these portions having surfaces coacting respectively with thev front and rear openingsin the casing. The

interior of the stationary nozzle casing is constantly' in communication With pressure from vthe supply pipe 8, thus permitting pressure to act upon the inner surfaces ofthe packings 11, 12, to hold them firmly in place. 4

The rearwardly extending sleeve 71 i formed .on the hood 2 passes through the rear-casing opening and provides a suitable bearing for the stemy of the needle 1. At

ythe point of emerging of the needle stem from Within the sleeve 71, a suitable stufling i boX.,13-`isv provided. The collar 7 is adjustably secured to thesleeve 71 and has hori- -`zntally projecting pins which are "conv nected with a `suitable jet deflecting mecha- -nism by means vof, the connecting rods 5. Thejet deflecting mechanismfor actuating i the hood 2"-through the connections, com- .j prising therod 5, collar 7 and sleeve 71,v

may be of any of the Well known forms, one

. of which is illustrated in my prior applicaj ftio above referred'v to. The yoke 14 is supported directly upon the sleeve 71 and has 4 an end hub Within .which the screw-threaded bushing 15y is pjourn'aled.` The hand-Wheel 17 is clamped to the bushing 15 by means of a locking nut '116. The hand-Wheel `17, nut 1,6 and bushing 15 are rotatable as aviiit ',Within the hub of the yoke 14, but are locked Y the yoke 14. The screw-threaded end of the stem-of the needle 1 coacts with the screwthreaded interior-of the bushing l5 so that,I upon rotation"of thev hand-Wheel "17,1the \needl,e 1 is shifted longitudinally Within the fjet orifice.

aga-inst ylongitudinal movement relative to In'the'modified form of. nozzle disclosed in'Figs. 3 ,and 41 the 'stationary nozzle casing consists essentialy of a body portion 24 and a -front cap 219. The front cap 219 and j the rear end of theportion`2fl of the casing/ are provided 'with alinedL front and rear` openings respectively which are of substantially equal cross-sect1onal area. As disclosed, the rearcasing opening 1sl c1rcular y'having a'diameter substantiallyequal to that 91 of a spherical `member 210, While thefront f l casing opening is elliptical in form', having r a Width somewhat greater than the vmaximum diametery of thek jet,y and having a.

`length sufficiently great-to permit the desired'jet deflection. The fluid supply pipe 28 connects.` with and conducts `fluid-,into the interior ofthe casing portion 24, Access to the "interior ofthe stationary casing is permitted by removal yof the' cap 219.

The movable hood 22 yis shiftably mountedjwithin a stationary casing by means of the 'spherical member 210 supportedv in a bearing 218 formed in the casing portion 24. The front cap 230 of the hood 22 is provided -With a suitably directed orifice Which 'con-.

nects With the front casing openingv and through which the jet projected from the nozzle passes. 'The fluid from the `supply pipe 28`entersthe hood-22 throughasuit-J able opening in the lower side thereof. The

adjustable'needle 21 which is movable `lonvgitudinally Within the hood orifice, controls the effective area of the passage throughthe jet orifice. j 1

The cap 230 of the hood 22 is provided with alcurved surface 29 generated aboutthe axis of vswing'of tht` hood 22 asa center line. They adjacent surfaces ofthe cap 219 are similarly formed andcoact with the surface 29 of the cap 230. The joint atthe coaction of the. caps 219 230-is packed by means of suitable packing 211. 4The sleeve `72formed on the hood 22 passes through the spherical member 210 and providesaibearing for the stemof the ,needlel21l The stuffing box 213 prevents leakage from within the casing to -the atmosphere past the 'needle stem. The yoke 27 is rigidly secured to the sleeve 72 and has twok forwardly projecting arms which takeover the bearing pins 23. The yoke-27 clamps the spherical member 210.7againstk a shoulder on the hood 22. The common axis of the pins 23 passes rthrough the center of the spherical'member- 21() and prevents shifting'of vthe hood 22 in any plane other than Aa vertical plane. `The yoke 2,111 is securedy t0 the sleeve 72 and has an end hubwithin Which the screwthreaded bushing 215 is journaled. The jet v deflecting mechanism connects-with pins 26 formed on the .yoke hubby means of suitable Vconnections 25. f The hand-.Wheel 217 iS clamped to the bushing 215 bymeans of a lock nut'216. The hand-Wheel 217, nut 216 .and bushing 215 are rotatable asa unit within the hub ofthe yoke 214jbut are locked against longitudinal movement rela-l tive to the yoke 214. 1 The'end ofthe stem of the needle 21 has screw-thread connection with the bushing 215 so that rotation of the hand-wheel 217 will 'shift' theA needle longitudinally to vary the effective area of the jet orifice. 1 In the `modified form of nozzledis'closed in Figs. 5 and 6, the stationary nozzle casing `consists essentially of abody yportion 34 and a front cap 319. Thfe--cap 319 and rear end of thejportion 34 daregprovided withV lalined frontA and rear lcasing openings re` .pipe 3 8 enters nally within the spectively which are of substantially equal cross-sectional area. The'fluid supply pipe 38V connects with and conducts fluid into the casing portion 34. Accessibility to the interior of the' stationary' casing' is permittedv by removal of the cap@ 319 which, as disclosed, is formed in two parts.4

The movable hoodl is shiftably mounted :within the stationary casing by means of fpins 33 which project horizontally from thel front portion 320 of the hood .32 and are v` is provided with curved surfaces 39 gen1 erated about the commonfaxis of the pins 33 as a centen lin",A The adjacent surfaces of the cap' 319 a `similarly formed to coact with thesurfaces 39 lof the hood 32. The -joint at the'coaction of the' cap 319 with the hood 32 is suitably packed by means of packing311. The flange 342 at the rear end of the hood 32.*is provided with a curved Vsurface 3107 also generatedabout the common axis of the pins 33 asa centerline. The surface 310 of the -flange 342 coacts with asimilarly formed surface of the casing portion 34, the joint at the coaction of these surfaces being provided with suitable packing 312. The interior surfaces of the packings 311, 312, are constantly in communication with pressure from the supply pipe 38.l

The rearwardly projecting sleeve 73 formed on the hood 32 passes through the rear casing opening and provides a. suitable bearing for the stem of the needle 31. The

`joint between the sleeve 73 and the needle stem is packed by means of a stuing box l 56 313.A The collar 37 is adjustably secured to thel sleeve 73 and has horizontally projectingipins 36 connected with a suitable deflect- 'ing mechanism by means of connecting rods 35. The yoke 314 is mounted on the sleeve 56 '73 and has an end' hub within which the screw-threaded bushing 315 is journaled.

The/'hand-wheel 317 is clamped to the bushing 315 by means of the locknut 316. lhe' hand-wheel 317, lock nut 316 and bushing 315 are rotatable as a unit within the yoke hub and are locked against longitudinal movement relative to the yoke '314. The

bushing 315 has a screw-thread coaction with the stem of the needle 31 so that rota-V tion of the hand-wheelshifts the needle to-l vary the effective' jet orifice.

`pins 3,

During the operation of the nozzle, if it is desired to vary the size or cross-sectional area of the jet, this may be done by turning the hand-wheel 17, 217, 317, in the proper direction, thus shifting the needle 1, 21, 31, longitudinally within the jet orifice. By

bringing the needle 1, 21, 31, forward until the needle bulb ,coacts with the edges of the jet orifice, the jet may be cut olf entirely. If it is desired to change the direction of the jet, this may be done by raising or lowering the connection 5, 25, 35, thereby causing the hood 2, 22,v 32, to swing about the axis ofthe pins 3, 23, 33, and causing the needle 1, 21, 31, to assume a new angular position.

' For convenience of illustration. the pivot 23, 33, have been disclosed as actual pivots positioned within the li1nits-of the,

stationary nozzle casing, but it is not intended to confine the scope of this invention to the location of these pivots within definite limits.' The connections for shifting the movable means to change the direction of the jet, 'have also been disclosed as operable through only one of the casing openings and specifically through the rear casing opening, such disclosurehaving been selected merely as one of the specific forms of em# bodiment of the invention.

If the casing 4 were entirely inclosed, all

pletely pressure balanced, except for the buoyant force acting thereon. In order to permit discharge of the jet from the casing, it is necessary to provide the front casing opening. In order to permit variation in the direction and size of the jet, it is necessary to provide as elements inclosed within the casing 4, the delectable hood and the needle for controlling `the jet orifice of thev hood. By bringing the hood with its. jet

" orifice closed, into engagement with the casing so as to cover the front opening, the pressure acting upon the surfaces of the hood which are in line with the front casing opening, would force the hood forwardly in line with the openings. If with the elements thus formed and positioned, the needle were opened to normal operating position, a jet would be delivered from the jet orice, and

the forward pressure'upon the hood would be decreased by. an amount approximately equal to unit supply pressure times the crosssectional area of the jet orifice. This would leave the hood still subjected to a forward pressure equal to the pressure acting upon an area equal pressure` acting 'upon an' area. eq'ual to the cross-section of the jet. j

In order to counterbalance this forward pressure uponl the hood, the, lrea-r casing opening is provided, which is closed by an eX- a to the casing opening less the tension of the hood. 'lherear casingopen-` I ing is formed of such size that the rearward l pressures 'acting upon thexsurfaces of the 180 95 velements located within it would be comuhood and in line with the casing openings,--.

erable through one of said openingsv for aceXactly balance the unbalanced forward pressure upon the hood.

1 1 As the area of cross-sectionv of the jet isA lrelativelysmall, the front and rear casing openingsmay be defined as being substantiallyequal. As the ,pressures acting upon the nozzle hood in directions transverse to *the line of the casing openings are autoniatically balanced, the only pressures Which y are balanced by the formation of the front i and rear openings of proper relative size, are 'the components of pressures vacting upon such surfaces of the hood which are trans- .,verse'to and inline with the casing openin-gs. This complete balancing of the pressure's upon the hood permits shifting of the hood with the expenditure of ,minimum power and also eliminates undesirable shifting of the hood due to unbalanced ypressure acting thereon.' l

=.It should be understood that it is not desired to be limited to the eXact`details of construction shcwn and'described, for obvious modifications Willoccur to a person skilledvin `the art.

It it claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent,- f

1. In a nozzle, a stationary casing having front and rear alined openings, a fluid sup-y 'ply pipe connected to said. casingymovable yineans within said casing, nieaiis for con- .trolling the size of the jet discharged from vsaid casing through said front opening, and

connections operable through one of said openings Vto shift said movable meanswhere- Lby tliedii'ection ofthe jet is changed.

2. In a nozzle, a stationary casing having front and rear alined openings, a Huid sup- 4ply pipe connected to said casing, movable means within said casing and having a pas- .sageformed thcrethrough continuous with said frontvopening, means for Acontrolling the sizefof said passage,l and connections operablethrough one of said-openings to shift said movable means whereby the dir ection of the jet discharged from said pasi sa-ge is changed.

3. In a nozzle, a'casing having front and rear alined openings, a supply pipe connected to saidcasing, means Within said casing for changing the direction of the jet discharged from said casing through said front opening, and connections o erable through one of said openings to shi t Saidjet direction-changing means. v j

4.' In a nozzle, a easing having front and rear'aline'd openings, a supply pipe connected to saidcasing ata point intermediate said openings, means within said'casing for changing the direction of the jet discharged from said casing through said front opening, means within said casing for controlling the size of the jet, and connections optuating said jet size-clianging means.

5. In a nozzle, a casinghavingyfront and rear alined openings, means for supplying fluid under pressure tovsaid casing, means within said casing for changing'both the direction and size of the jet discharged from said casing, throu h said front opening, and

connections opera le through one of said 1 openings to actuate said size' changing means.' 6. In nozzle, a casing having a disjet-directionand charge opening, a supply pipe communicat- 1 'ed to said casing, means for changingl the direction of the jet leaving. said casing through said front opening, and means coacting with said rear opening-and providing a counterbalancing pressure ,on said jetdirection-changing means in .linewith said casing openings, 1

8. In a nozzle, a casing having front and rear alined openings, a supply pipe connectedito said casing, a hood for changing the direction of the jet leaving said casing through said front opening, connections operable through one of said openings formovinteriorof said casing,A andv ing said hood, and ineans,for/substantially balancing the pressures oii opposite ends of said hood. j y

9. In a nozzle, a casing having a front opening for discharge of a jet, anda jetdirection-changing means within said c'asing, 'said casing' having a rear openin'grfor coaction with said means, for permitting manipulation Aof said means and for balancing saine in line with said casing openings,`

10. rIn a nozzle, a casing having frontend `roar openings of substantially equal crosssectional arca, and. pressure balanced jetdiiectioii-clianging means within said casing' `extending between said openings.

1l.' In a nozzle, a casing having front and rear alined openings of substantially equalcross-sectional area, and pressure balanced jet-direction-changing means Awithin said casing movable transversely to the line of said openings. 1

In testimony whereof, the signature ofthe inventor iS-aliixed heretoin the presence of two witnesses.

. WILLIAM M. WHITE.- Witnesses:

'Gn-F. DE WEIN, yW. H. LIEBER'.

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