US1185366A - Dynamo-electric machine. - Google Patents

Description

J. BURKE.

DYNAMo ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-9.1901. 19185 366, Patented May 30,1916.

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l. BURKE.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC'MACHINE. `^PPL|cATmN msn 001.9. 1901.

1,1 85,366. Patented May 30, `1916 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l. BURKE. DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. APPLICATION man oc. 9, 1901.

1 ,1 85,366. Patented May 80, 1916.

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w Y" h/41d: ,y y AH, zz t7 zZ gli@ M v J4/manto@ /ae MMA 1. BURKE. DYAIU ELECTRIC MACHINE. APPLICATION min ocr. 9. 1901.

1,1 85,366. I Patented May 30, 1916.

I 4 SHEETS- SHEET 4- UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE. i

JAMES BURKE, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR- T0 BURKE ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATIQN 0]? PENNSYLVANIA.

' DYNAMO-LECTRC MACHINE.

Application led October 9, 1907.

'o all whom i may concern Be it known that I, JAMES BURKE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Furie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo-Electric Machines,` of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to 'dynamo electric machines, and to various features of construction, theV object of my invention being in general the construction ,of machines which will-have a high degree of eiliciency, be adapted to be Well ventilated throughout and be simple and economical in construetion.

My invention is particularly applicable to the construction of the stationary element of such machines.

One of theimportant features of my invention relates tothe construction and arrangement of the laminae with special reference to machines of small construction comparatively.

Prior to' y'invention it has been customary to build up the laminated portion of laminael each forming a circular disk. By

my present inventior, the -form of the lamina: instead of being circular on the outer periphery, is of such form that by assembling the laminae in a certain manner, the amount ofradiating surface is greatly increasedl and also by reason of the form of the laminae, I secure a very material saving in amount of waste material in punching the laminae from the sheet metal as will be chmo.

Another feature of Iny invention relates to means for accurately and simply adjusting the position of the rotating element.

In machines having small air gaps. if .the rotating element is properly centered when the machine is first. operated, the wear of the bearings will cause the air gap at the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 30, 1916.

Serial No. 396,563.

lower part of the machine to be decreased a. comparatively large amount and that at the upper correspondingly increased. By my invention I provide suitable means whereby the rota ting element may be quickly and accurately adjusted to its proper position.

These and other features of my invention will be understood from the following description and accompanying drawings, in which-- Figure l is a vertical sectional view oi one form of machine embodying certain features of my invention; Fig. '2 isan end view thereof; Fig. t), is a side view of the field framev partijv in section and with certain parts removed; Fig. 4 is a face view of the laminar showing their forinrand manner of assembling; Fig. 5 is an edge view of assembled laminare; Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram; Fig. 7 is a sectional view of end bracket and adjoining portions of the main trame of a machine embodying certain additional Jfeatures of my invention; Fig. 8 an end view thereof; Fig. 9 is a side view of adjusting means for the end bracket shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8; and Fig. 10 is an end view of the adjusting means with the bolt and nuts removed.

Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, illustrate the construction of au induction motor, the shaft l of which supports a spider 2 having Ithe outwardly (attending portions 3, 4.' YThe spider supports the lam-imc 5 of the rotating element. and which are clamped between the end rings G, which have extensions for supporting the windings 7 of the rotating element. The main frame is shown at 8, and is provided with ventilating openings 9 on its outer cylindrical surface as indicated in Fig. 3. The frame 8 extends outwardly at the ends to such an extent as to cover and shield the armature'windings 1() of the stationary element, and is provided with inwardly extending side portions -l1, 12. From the side portion 11 extends a series vof inwardly projecting ribs 13 as shown in F ig. 3, these ribs being spaced angularly at about 45 degrees from each other and extend inwardly beyond the' middle of the main frame, but donot extend the full width of the machine. .From the side p0rtion l2 extends a corres )onding set of ribs i4, and -which overlap tiev ribs 13, leaving however a considerable space between them,

` ribs 13 and 14 and through the openings 9.

The air currents which are lformed by reason of thisV construction of the ribs, tend to create 'a continual flow of air throughout all the parts and la rg ily avoid formation of air chambers with no circulation, and which, if not avoided cause unnecessary heating of the machine.'

One form of laminas andmanner of assembling which invoives an important feature of my invention is illustrated in Figs. 4, 5 and 6. 'It has been customary to punch the` lamin with a circular outline on the outer periphery when used in the ,stationary element, as indicated by the dotted lines 16, in Fig. (i. It is apparent from this figure that in cutting such a circular disk from sheet metal there is a considerable waste of material at the corners, the outline of the V square plate required being indicated by the character 17. In accordance with my invention the laminas are not cutin the circular form, and i thereby considerably reduce the amount of waste metal. My preferred forni is indicated in full lines in Fig. 6, and the laminac are given some octagonalv form having the four opposite sides 18 and the four rounded' corners 19. The rounded parts 19 are on the sic of the same circle and are adapted to lit within the ribs 13, 14 of the main fraise. The'keywvay 2 0 in the laminar; is made at about the junction of one of the straight parte i8 and a Curved part 19. In thebfittcinief the mainframe is formed a rib 2l, sonifeivuat heavier than the others and whichlfis pro-vided with a keyway adapted to vc the key 22, which also engages the 'key ,y 2O of the laminae and so prevent asi, gul-ar displacement of the laminac.

V'hen tne laminas are assembled certain of them are reversed so that a rounded part of one lamina 1s adjacent to the straight .part of an adjoining lamina,

although the teeth and key-way always coincide. This arrangement will be understood from Figs. 4 and 5, the front lamina' in Fig. 4 being shown in a heavy full line, and the laminac in the rear which are reversed being indicated bya light line which is partly dotted. 'if desired, alternate laminac may be reversed or several adjoining lamina: may be assembled in the same manner and then a corresponding number of adjoining laminae reversed and so on, but

` it is very likely ery of thellaminaeprodu'cesavery much in'- l creased radiating sists in keeping the motor at a low temperature. Not only is the radiating surface greatly increased by this form of construction, but the uniformity of the path of the magnetic iux is preserved, and moreover an important saving of the sheet iron is attained. IIt will also be seen that only one form of die is necessary for'punching all of the laminae. The lamina: will, of course', preferably be provided with teeth adapted to receive the windings 10. The ribs ,13 are shown provided with shoulders 23 which retain the Aend plate on one side of'the assembled laminae in position, and for retaining the opposite .end plate, any suitable form of key may be. inserted into key-ways 24 of the ribs 14. Y Y A The construction of the end brackets and the location of the bearings for, the shaft 1 are such as to avoid as far/as possible, improper centering of the` shaft. The endA brackets are of Similar construction and comprise a bearing 25 of suitable form, from which extend the arms 26 to the 27. The circular rims 27 seat in corresponding recesses in the side main frame. The end brackets are fixed in position vin any suitable manner, as by the bolts 28 which pass through the rims 27 and engage the side portions of the main frame. .Y of Fig. 1,

It will be s een from aninspection that the bearing in each end bracket closely approaches the spider 2 of the rotating element coming somewhat within the extensions 3 and 4 thereof, and within the end coniections of the conductors on the rotating element.v Also the main frame 8 extends beyond the end connections of the stator wind-` ings, and the end bracket instead of being curved and. arching outwardly, ,is located throughout in one plane substantially. This construction results in the middle of the bearing being located substantially inthe plane of union between the end bracket and the side ortion of the main frame. This constructlon is particularly designed to over:- come inaccuracy in alinement of theV bear? ings and shaft when assembling or reassem-1 bling the parts. If we assume that thepartsl` are originally `properly centered and turned,`\.` to occur ythat in reassem` bling, the engaging surfaces will not vbe clean and foreign materialmay oftentimes be located between the engaging faces when bolting the end brackets in place. Suppose for example, that in assembling an end bracket,- some material prevented` the face of outer rims portions 1'1, 12 of the surface which greatly as the rim 27 from engaging the face of the side portion 12 at the top of the frame and that the parts were separated at that point by a certain fraction of an inch, whereas, at the bottom ofthe frame the engagement of the end bracket Awas a proper one. This would result of course in the to portion of the end bracket being locate outwardl some distance on an arc of a circle of Whic the bottom of the end frame would be the center. With my form of construction, however, the displacement of the bearing from its proper position or from alinement would not bc material, owing to the fact that the middle of the bearing is in the plane substantially with the face of the end bracket, the result being merely slight axial displacement of the bearing. On the other hand` if the hearing were located at a considerable -listai to. one side of the plane of the face of e, cud bracket, the bearing would not only he displaced somewhat axially, but being to one side of the plane of engagement between the end bracket and the "i main frame, it would be displaced on the arc of a circle having the bottom of the end bracket as a center and would consequently be displaced materially below the proper position of alinemcnt, and thus cause a material di il `renfe in the alinement of the bearing and an improper change irr the air gap. Similarly, it will be seen that the location of some foreign material at any other point between the face of the end bracket and the main frame would cause a material displacement in the former types of construction. l

In large machines, where the weight of the rotating clement is comparatively great and the tension considerable, the wear of the hearings which takes place causes the air gap below the rotating elementto become diminished appreciably in the course of time and the air gap above the rotating element to be correspondingly increased.r In machines where this is likely to occur, it is de-y sirable to provide some convenient means of adjustment so as to easily and quickly center the rotating element. I accomplish this result by means of the construction illustrated in Figs. 7 to 10, inclusive. In Figs. 7 and 8, are indicated a side portion 29 of a main stationary frame 30, and an end bracket having a bearing 31 for journaling the shaft 32, the arms of the end bracket being shown at 33 and the outer rim at 34 which seats in a recess formed in the side portion 29.

It will be understood that the Construction of the remaining parts of the stationary and rotating elements may be such as shown in Figs. 1 to 5, andare omitted in' Figs. 7 and 8 `as they scribed. The end bracket Vwhen adjusted to proper position is clamped in place by the bolts 35 which pass freely through holes in have already been de-| the end bracket and engage the side portion of the main frame. U on the main frame at the bottom is forme a seat 36 upon the face of which are placed adjusting Wedges 38, 39, the former, being connected to the support 36 by any suitable means such as dowel pins. The wedges 38, 39 have their engaging face ,inclined as shown in Fig. 9, the wedge 38 aving a lu 4() through which the threaded bolt 41 of t e wedge 39 freel passes. ,The position of wedge 39 is ad) justed by turning the nut 42 against the lug 40, the nut 43 serving as a lock nut. The upper face of the wedge'39 engages the lower' face of a lug 44 formed on the end bracket. Movement of wedge 39 will therefore serve to adjust the end bracket to any desired position. Further adjusting means for the end brackets and for ixing the same in any desired position are provided by two lugs l5 on. opposite sides of the shaft. and which are on the inner ace of the end bracket as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 8. A similar lug is formed at th'e upper part of the end bracket as shoivn at 46. Through these lugs extend adjusting bolts t7. the ends of which are adapted to engage the inner periphery of the side portion of 4the mainframe, lt will he seen that by means of the bolts 47 in lugs 45, vthe end brackets may be adjusted sidewise in any desired position, and secured in such position by screwing the bolts 35 up tightly against the main frame. Thus, by means of the adjusting wedges at the bottom of the end bracket', and further, by means of the adjusting bolts 47 in the lugs 45 and'46, means are provided which serve to accurately and securely adjust the end bracket to any desired position, the bolts 35 serving to retain the end bracket in position after adjustment. Consequently, in assembling the machine, or when a nevi1 adjustment of the position of the rotating element is desired, the desired position and adjustment may be quickly and accurately accomplished by means of my invention. Although one end bracket is shown in Figs. 7 and 8, it will be understood that a similar end bracket will be` provided at the opposite end of the ma'in frame.

Although I have illustrated aiid described specifically certain forms of my invention, it will be understood that my invention or certain features thereof, may be embodied in other desirable forms of construction Without departing from the scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention,`I declare that what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,-

' 1. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination ofa stationary frame, laminae sup ported within said frame and in fixed relation to said frame, each of said lamin ex- `tiona ry frame,

tending a complete circumference but having a periphery formed of straight and curved portions, the' straight portions of certain of said laminas being displaced relative to the straight portions of certain other of said lamina?, thereby forming a core of substantially uniform magnetic reluctance.

2. In a dynamo electric machine, bination of a stationary frame, laminae supported within said frame and in fixed relation to said frame, each of said laminae extending a^complete circumference but having a periphery formed of alternate straight and curved portions` the straight portions of'certain of said lamin being displaced relative to the straight portions of certain other of said laminae, thereby forming a core of substantially uniform magnetic reluctance.

3. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination of a stationary frame, and laminae supported thereby, each lamina extending a complete circumference and having an outer periphery partly curved and partly straight, certain of the laminas being alternately arranged so that a curved part of one lamina adjoins the straight partv of the next lamina.

i. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination of an outer stationary frame, and lamina; within and supported by said frame, each of acomplete circumference, said laminae forming a core, the outer periphery ofnvhich is circumferentially recessed, substantially as described.

5. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination of an outer stationary frame, and laminzc within and supported by said frame, each of said lamin extending a complete circumference, said laminae forming a core the outer periphery ofwhich is circumferentially recessed and all ofd the laminzc being of similar outline. i

6. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination of an outer stationary frame, laminar supported within said frame, each of Said laminac extending a complete circumference. a key between said frame and lamina, saidi laminac forming a core the outer periphery of which is recessed circumferentially and all of the laminal being of similar outline.

In a dynamo electric machine, a stalaminar supported within said frame, each of said lamina? having a complete set of teeth on its inner periphery and the outer periphery being other than circular, the lamina: being staggered with reference to each other so as to form exterior circumferential recesses.

8. In a dynamo electric machine, a statlonary supporting frame having inwardly extending ribs which are in staggered relation to each other and extend only partly across the frame, and lamin supported by said ribs, substantially as described.

9. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination of a frame having supporting ribs aranged in series and which extendfonly pai't of the Width of said frame, one or more ribs of one series overlapping one or more ribs of another series, .and laminac supported by said ribs.

10. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination of a stationary exterior Ventilating openings, frame having ribs' arranged in a plurality of series extending inwardly but which extend only part of the width of said frame, one ormore ribs of one series overlapping one or more ribs of another series forming interconnected airspaces, and lamina? supported by said ribs, substantiallj7 as described.

1].. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination of a stationary frame, a rotating element, an end bracket for supporting the said rotating element, and means adjustable on the inside of said end bracket for adjusting the position of said end bracket relatively to said `frame.

12. The combination of a stationary element, a rotating element, an end bracket for supporting the shaft of said rotating element, and wedging means interposed between said end bracket and said stationary element for adjusting the position of said end bracket with reference to said stationary element in a vertical direction, said wedging means having a surface slidably movable relatively to said end bracket.

13.111 a dynamo electric machine, the combination of a rotating element, a stationary element, an end bearing bracket, the middle of the bearing and the'supporting portion of said bracket being located substantially in the plane of engagement between the bearing bracket and the main frame, and means adjustable on the inside of said end bracket for adjusting the position of said cnd bracket relatively to said frame.

14. In a dynamo electric machine, the combination of a rotating element, a stationary element having outwardly extending windings, the main frame Aof said stationary element extending outwardly to cover and shield said windings, an end bearing bracket having the middle of the bearing and thc supporting portion of said bracket located substantially in the plane of engagement between 'the end bracket and the main frame, and a plurality of adjusting devircs adjustable on the inside of said bcariqg bracket for adjusting the position of said bearing bracket relatively to the main frame.

15. In a dynamo electricI machine, the combination of a frame hanna'l Ventilating .mounted in Openings, said frame hai'ingribs extending inwardly but a part of' the width thereof, which ribs over .ip ern'fh other to forni interconnected air s, i s, und la ai supported by said ribs and ari-ang f to foi'zi a core portion having circula erential recesses, substantially as described.

i6. ln a dynan'io electr e machine, a frame, en end head secmed mounted in said end b l, and adjustable means carried by said head ancL adjust able 0n the inside thereof' for shifting the position of said end ,la frame.

1.7. In a dynamo elevf've machine, a frame, an end head secured thereto, :i shaft said end head, .and adjustable 1 relatively o said means can' by said end i. or shite mg the possien of said end hemll rela thereto, a shaftto said frame, said adjustable means comprising a screw-threaded element' adjustable on the inside of said end head.

ln a dynamo electric machine, a smne, a ve-ieally extendilfiqr end head secured thereto, a horizontally extending s' it, mounted in said end head, and. adjustable means for shifting the relative position of said frame and said end head per- ;c-endieuny to the axis of said shaft, said mea-fas comprising a screw-threeded element an the inside face of said end head.

Y tesltiniony whereof I my signa- En presence of two Witnesses.

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