US1185135A - Dust-separating and steam-generating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

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HARRY J. SEAMAN, F CATASAUQUA,A PENNSYLVANIA.

DUST-SEPABTHG AND STEAM-GENERATING APiPARATUS.

Spec-Mention of Letters Patent.

Patented May'30, 1916.

Application tiled 3.9M, Sei-iai No. 875,566.' Renewed January 19, 1916. Serial No. 73,070.

To all whom muy analisi-uric.' y

Be it knawn that 3` HARRY JL SEA'MAN, a citizen cr'i the 'trinite-fil States, and resident of Cata. *amy of Lehigh, and State i. have made a certain new and useful invention Relating to Dust-Separating and Steam-Generating Apparatus, of which the followin is a specification, taken in connection Wit the accompanying drawings, which form part of the same.

This invention relates especially to apparatuffon separating the suspended particles of dustor fumes from the furnacegases discharged from rotary cement kilns or other furnaces and at the same time utilizingthevheat contained in these furnace gases for thel generation of steam. The appara 'tus preferably comprises a boiler containing a number of large area vertical tubes throu h which the hot furnace gases are passe preferably in a downward 'direction and there is also arranged within each of these gas tubesror heating passages one or more highly charged electric conductors which by their electrostatic action separate from the gases dust and fumes and cause theiricollectionon the inside of these tubes, while at the same time promoting the trans- -mission of the heat in thc gases through the convection effects caused by these high potential charges.

i In the accompanying drawing showing in a somewhat Ydiagrammatic way an'illustrative embodiment of.. this invention Figure lis an elevation partly in section; and Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken sub-` stantially alo the line 21-2 of Fig. 1 and looking upwaril. 1

By way of illustration the apparatus is shown as arranged in connection with-a i'otaryPortland cement kiln from which the dust laden gases are discharged at temper; atures of about 1.090 degrees Fahrenheit or so, although it is of 'course understood that hot furnace gases from any other metallurgical or other furnace may be treated in this apparatus. The cement Vkiln 1 'may have the usual steel shell and bearingrihgs '2 and may be provided with a lining 3 of fire-brick or other suitable material a pted to withstand the high working temperatures. The lower end of this s ightl clinedkiln which is rotated by any suitable means preferably `projects within the 1firing liood 4 formed cr lined with masonry dr the like which may advantageously form a suband air and drive the same substantially.

axially up the kiln for eflicient combustion. The raw cement material consisting of the finely pulverized mixture of argillaceous Amaterial may be fed into the upper end of the kiln in any desired way and gradually passes down through the rotating kiln in which it is first calcined and then clinkered or fused into rough granular balls or masses which are discharged at white heat into the hood andl may pass through the clinker chute 14 through which air may be drawn for combustion in the kiln and be more or lessheated by the hot clinker.

The upper end of the kiln may copcrate with the housing 7 preferably forming a substantially tight joint therewith and leading the hot furnace gases through the gas conduit 8 int'o one or more suitable dust separating boiler units where the dust and fumes may be removed to the desired extent b v any suitable electrostatic devices preferably increasing the heat transfer action.

As indicated this boiler dust separator unitwof which any desired number may be connected to a single cement kiln so as to be used simultaneously or in alternation as desired, may have a steel shell such as of any desired size, shape and construction and provided with aheavy lagging 21 of asbestos or other heat-insulating material. This boiler shell ma bleconveniently formed as a cylindrical ell vertically .arranged and provided with tube sheets such as 27, 28 secured in position lin any desired way so as to form a gas chamber 22 above the tubes and a collecting chamber 23 below them of ample capacity to allow for the settling and col'ection of the dust before the gases are dischargedy through a suitable discharge flue, such as 25. Gas tubes ofany desired shape and constructiolina'y be provided for the passage of the hot furnace gases and if desired the vertical cylindrical -tubes 29 which are mounted within these tube sheets may have,l the unusually large diameter of ten to fifteen inches or so and a length of ten to twentyteet according to the vcondibe intlie form of biocks or members of steel or other material mounted on the curved spring or other resilient arms 34 by which they are connected to the striker rods 35 eX- tending transversely through the collecting chamber and geared together or otherwise simultaneously oscillated from time to time so as to forcibly bring' all these strikers in connection with their coperating reinforced tube ends and thus cause suicient impact and vibration efects throughout .the

tubes to dislodge the adherent coating of dust from their inside surface. Under these conditions the dust falls to the bottom of the collecting chamber from which it may be removed as by the screw conveyer 24, this settling action being facilitated by momentarily shutting ofi' the supply of gases to the apparatus as by entirely or partly closing the cut-off'valve 86 and taking care of the kiln gases in some other Way.

The gastubes 29 may be provided with one or more electric conductors', such as 30, Within each tube and if desired extending substantially centrally throughout the same. These conductors may be connected to the supporting rods or conductors 31 at either end of the tube which may be supported and insulated in any suitable Way and kept charged with electricity at the desired high potential of 30,000 to 50,000 volts or more by a rectiying transforming appara-tus supplying such high tension electric current of a uni-directional or substantiallyconstant character. These electrified conductors 'effect the rapid separation of the particles of dustand fumes from the furnace gases passl ing through these separating tubes, the particles of dust being driven by electrostatic action outward toward the walls of the tube and adhering thereto or falling down through the tube to the bottom of the enlar'ged collecting chamber below so as to be removed therefrom by, the discharge con- V'veyer 24' and utilized as by the recovery of potash and reburning tlie residue in cement kilns or otherwise in the case of the dust separated from cement kiln gases. This separating action is considerably promoted by claims.

of the gases and considerabiy promotes the 1,.

separation of dust particies therefrom. The highly charged electrostatic separating elements also cause convection effects in the hot gases and thus promote the transfer of heat from the gases to the tubes and to the surrounding steam and water. At the same time the temperature of the steam in ordinary boiler practice is considerably above the temperature at which'any water vapor can condense in the furnace gases passing through these heating tubes at atmospheric pressure so that the electrical action of the apparatus is not impaired. It is furthermore., possible to secure still greater utilization of the heat in the gases by using them to generate steam at low pressure and correspondingly lower ten'iperature so that the tube walls may be kept as low as a few hundred degrees Fahrenheit where the steam is generated at five to ten pounds pressure or so per square inch and utilized for steam turbine Work to supplement the exhaust from other steam engines, tor example. In this way a large proportion of the heat in the iriln gases may be utilized and at thel same time the efiiciency and thoroughness of the, dust separation increased. I

This invention has been described in connection with a number of iilustrati've embodiments, forms, proportions, materials and arrangements of parts, vto the details of which disclosure the invention is not fof course to be limited, since what is claimed as new and what is desired to be secured by Letters Pateit is set forth in the appended I claim: l

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l. In appairatus for separating the dust i from the hot' .gases discharged from rotary Portland cement kilns and for generating steam therefrom, ".a vertically arranged cylindrical boiler shell provided with internal tube sheets to form a, gas chamber adjacent the top of the shell and an enlarged i collecting chamber adjacent the bottom of 4,the shell, a discharge conveyer extending into said collecting chamber to discharge/the dust collected therein, a gas conduit communicating with said gas chamber to supply hot furnace gases from a rotary cement kiln to said gas chamber and cause their passage down through said gas tubes and supply heat to the water around said tube, a discharging tine for said gases communieating with said collecting chamber, large. dia-meter vertical gas tubes mounted in said tube sheets' and having reinforced ends eX- tending below the lower tubesheet. strikers resiliently mounted on oscillating striker rods to cooperate with said reinforced tube ends and dislodge the adherent dust within said tubes and highly charged electric separating conductors extending substantially axially through said tubes separating the suspended dust from the furnace gases passing through said tubes and promoting the transfer of heat 'from said gases.

2. In apparatus for separating the dust from the hot gases discharged from rotary lortland cement kilns and for generating steam therefrom. a vertically arranged cylindrical boiler shell provided with internal tube sheets to forni a gas chamber adjacent the top of the shell and an enlarged collecting chamber adjacent llihe bottom of the shell, a gas conduit comii'iunicating with said gas chamber to supply hot furnace gases from a rotarjiY cement kiln to said gas chamber and cause theirpassage down through said gas tubes and supply heat to the water around said tubes` a discharging flue for said gases eonnnuni ating with said collecting chamber. large diameter vertical gas tubes mounted in said tube sheets and highly charged electric separating conductors extending substantially axially through said tubes and promoting the transfer of heat from said gases.

3. In apparatus for separating the dust from the hot gases discharged from rotary Portland cement kilns and for generating steam therefrom, a vertically arranged cylindrical boiler shell provided with a cooperating gas chamber adjacent the top of the shell and an enlarged collecting chamber adjacent the bottom of the shell, a discharge conveyer extending into said collecting chamber to discharge the dlist collected therein, Ya gas conduit communicating with said gas chamber to supply hot furnace gases from a rotary cement kiln to said gas chamber and cause their passage down througlr said gas tubes and supply heat t0 the water around saidh tubes, a discharging flue for said gases communicating with said collecting chamber. large diameter vertical gas tubes mounted in said boiler shell and having reinforced ends extending below the same, strikers resiliently mounted on oscillating striker rods to cooperate with said neinforccd tube ends and dislodge the adherent dust within said tubes and highly charged electric separating conductors extending substantially axially through said tubes separating the suspended dust from the furnace gases assing throu h said tubes and permitting t e transfer o heat from said ases.

4. n apparatus for separating the dust from hot furnace gases and for generating steam therefrom, a vertically arranged boiler shell provided with a cooperating gas chamber adjacent the top of the shell and an :enlarged collecting chamber adjacent the bottom ofthe shell, a gas conduit communieating ywith said gas chamber to supply hot furnace gases from a rotary cement kiln to said gas chamber and cause. their passage through said gas tubes and supply heat to the water around said tubes, large diameter Vertial gas tubes mounted in said boiler shell and having ends extending below the same, strikers to ciperate with said reinforced tube ends and dislodge the adherent dust within said tubes and highly charged electric separating conductors extending through said tubes separating the suspended from the furnace gases passing through said tubes and promoting the transfer of heat from said gases,

5. ln apparatus for separating the dust from hot furnace gases and for generating steam therefrom` a vertically arranged boiler shell provided with a cooperating gas chamber adliaieniV the top of the shell and an enlarged collecting chamber adjacent the bottoni of the shellN vertical gas tubes mounted in said boiler shell and haring ends extending below the same, strikers to cooperate with said reinforced tube ends and dislodge the adherent dust within said tubes and highly charged electric separating con ductors extending through said tubes separating the suspended from the furnace gases passing through said tubes and promoting the transfer of heat from said gases,

t3. ln dust separating steam generating apparatus` a boiler shell provided with tube sheets, larg, arca gas tubes mounted in said tube sheets and arranged substantially ver- 1 tieally, a dust collecting chamber communieating with the lower ends of said tubes, means to dislodge into said chamber the dust adhering to the inside of said tubes, means to pass the dust laden hot furnace gases through said tubes to supply heat to the water around them and electrostatic separating conductors extending through said tubes separating the dust from the gases passing through said tubes,- and simultaneously proinotin the transfer lof heat therefrom.

7. n dust separating steam generating apparatus, a boiler shell provided with tube sheets, large area gas tubes mounted in said tube sheets and arranged substantiallv vert'ically, means to dislo ge the dust adhering to the inside of said tubes; means to pass the dust laden hot furnace gases through said tubes to supply heat to the water around them and electrostatic separating conductors extending through said tubes sepa rating the dust from the gases passing through said tubes and simultaneousl y proinotii'ig the transfer of heat therefrom.

8. In dust separating steam generating apparatus, a boiler provided with large area gas passages arranged substantially vertically, a dust collecting chamber communi eating with the lower ends of said passages, means to dislodge into said chamber the dust :noting the adheringI 'lo s id passages, means to pass the dust laden hor fi ace gas/rs down through said passages to supply heat to the adjacent water and, electro tic separating conductors estendimt thi .ugh passages separating the dust from the gases passing through said tubes and simidtaneously prou Vransfer of heat tl'ierefrom.

9. ln dust separating steam generating apparatus, a boiler provided with gas pas sages arranged substantially vertically, a dust collecting chamber eoinnnmicating with the lower' ends of said passages, means to dislodge into said chamber the dust adhering to said passages, means to pass the dust laden hot furnace gases down through said passages to suppl; beat to the adjacent water and elrcinstatic .ming cendrietors separatingj the dust 1' 1 the fases pass ing through said tubes and simultaneously 'promotie the transfer of heat therefrom., vl0. In separating 'i generating appzxrat'uf-i. :i boiler prmideil with gas par'- sages, a dusteollerting chamber communieating with said passages, means to dislodge into said chamber the dust adhering to vsaid passages, means to pass the dust laden hot furnace gases through said passages to supply heat to the adacent water and electrostatic separating conductors separating the dust from the gases passing through said tubes and simultaneously promoting the transfer of heat therefrom.

1l. In dust separating steam generating apparatus, a boiler provided with large area gas tubes mounted and arranged substantially vertically, a dust ctllecting chamber communicating with the lower ends of said tubes, means to dislodge into said chamberl the dust adhering to the inside of said tubes, means to pass the dust laden hot furnace gases down through said tubes to supply heat to the iinid around them and electrostatic separating means X'tcnding through said tubes serena/itin," the gases passi] n aneonsiy pl.nn-1fi s fw theref 12. in faipaiatir'l; .r apparatus, a boiler pri v'xded with large area tubes, a dust. collecting; ,:hainber coimnnnicating with the lower ends of said tubes, means to dislodge into said chamber alle d ust adhering to the inside of said tubes, means Lo pass the dust laden hot furnace gases through vsaid tubes to supply heat to the iuid around them and electrostatic sepaating means extending through said tubes separating dust from the gases passing Ihiough said `tubes and simultaneously promoting the transfer of heat therefrom.

i3. In dust separating steam generating apparatus, a boiler provided with gas tubes, a dust collecting chamber communicating with 4the lower ends of said tubes, means to dislodge into said chamberfthe dust adhering to the inside of said tubes, means to pass the dust laden hot furnace gases through said tubes to supply heat to Huid around them and electrostatic separating means separating the dust from the gases passing through sa id tubes and. simultaneously promoting the transfer of heat therefrom. v

il.' ln dust separating steam generating apparatus, a boiler provided with gas tubes, means to pass hot furnace gases through said tubes to supply heat to the Huid around them and electrostatic separating means promoting the transfer of heat therefrom.

l5. In steam generating apparatus, a container provided with gas passages, means to pass het, gases through said passages to supply heat to the fluid in said container around said passages and electrostatic means promotinc the transfer of heat from said gases.

1.6. tln liquid heating apparatus, a liquid heater provided with substantially vertical gas passages, means to pass hot gases through said passages to supply heat to the fluid around them and electrostatic means in said passages promoting the transfer of heat from said gases.

17. VIn liquid heating apparatusfa heater iii-vided with passages, means to pass hor, gases through said passages to supply to the fluid around them and electroi c means promoting the transfer of heat Wi tnesses z A HARRY L. DUNCAN, Jessie B. KAY.

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