US1182665A

US1182665A - Fan.

Info

Publication number: US1182665A
Application number: US68643912A
Authority: US
Inventors: Thomas M Eynon; Leonard G Paine; Edward T Murphy
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1912-03-26
Filing date: 1912-03-26
Publication date: 1916-05-09
Anticipated expiration: 1933-05-09

Description

T. M. EYNON, L. G. PAINE & E. T. MURPHY.

FAN. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26. I91Z- Patented May 9,1916. 9 H

2 SHEET SSHEET I.

. INVENTOR.

WITNESSES r I 40MM M A TTORNEY FAN. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26, IBIZ- Patented May 9,1916.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2 IN VEN TOR WITNESSES A TORNE Y amounts at; EYNON, LEONARD G'.- rams, AND EDWARD T. munrmr, orrnimnmrm,

PENNSYLVANIA}.

FAN;

Toe ham it may concern Be it known that we, THOMAS M. EYNbN,

which the following is a specification.

use thefexhaust pressure of steam from a.

Our invention relates to gas conveying mechanism suitable for forced draft or exhaust and in which the motor is preferably direct-connected to the fan.

The main purpose of our invention is, in a direct connected fan unit, to utilize a part of a hitherto unnecessary difi'erencebetween inlet and exhaust steam turbine pressures to perform part of the fan duty, improvingv the efiiciency of the unit.

A further purpose, of our invention is, in

fan blowers, to obtain the same heating of air, per unit of heat in the steam exhausted, for forced draft; as in steam jet blowers, and with the same intimate inter-mixture of the moisture from the steam with the air, assistingcombustion and preventing clink-. ering withthe cheaper grades of fuel.

A further purpose of our invention is to raise the temperature of the air or gas driven by a motor-fan unit, and to intimately mix the steam with it while its temperature is raised.

A further purpose of our invention is to place the inlet end of a direct-connected fan unit undergas pressure to increase the efiiciency' of the system. i

A further purpose of our invention is to turbine to feed any kind of gas, herein, for

convenience, referred to as air, to'or throu h a fan driven by the turbine, according tot e side of the fan, with respect to the turbine, at which the exhaust is discharged.

A further purpose of our invention is to give direction and force or pressure'to inlet air in a direct-connected fan unit by steam entrainment of the air, preferably using steam exhausted from the motor of the unit.

nected unit and to supply the fan with Specification ofletters Patent.

' Patented May 9, i916.

steam-jet-impelled air blast, preferably between the motor and the fan.'

A further purpose of our invention is to so ply air to a power-driven fan with consi erable velocity and at appreciable pres-. sure, relieving the fan of the work of oreating this supply by the vacuum formed and increasing the volume of air handled by the fan at a given speed.

A further purpose ,of our invention is to reduce the pressure available for the driving of a turbine direct-connected to a fan, suiting the pressure to the economical capacity of the turbine at the desired fan speed and to utilize the difference-in pressure for the entrainment of air and intimate intermixture of air with steam, preferably beginning the entrainment and intermixture upon the turbine side of the fan.

A further purpose of our invention is to inake a jet blower one stage, preferably the first stage ofa double stage fan.

We have preferred to illustrate our invention by that formthereof which is most practicable, efficient, and inexpensive, and which at the same time well illustrates the principles involved. t A I Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section of the preferred form of our invention. Fig.

. 2 is a broken section of a portion of Fig. 1 upon line wm. Fig. 3 is a perspective illustrating 'theapplication of our invention to a furnace. Fig. 4 is an elevation partly in 1 section of the fan illustrated. Fig. 5 is a for several reasons. The permissible speed,

of the fan is low, because high speed causes excessive noise and wear. This-keeps the turbine speed down correspondingly. Lack of room and expense considerations have kept down the diameter, of the turbine and prevents the use of expansion turbines. Consequently the speed of the turbine blades has been relatively much too slow for that of the high pressure 'of the steam supply normally'available, with resultant waste of the excess ofxpressure represented by the unnecessarily high'steam pressure. In previolis fan units the union "of air and steam has not been so intimate as in steam jet blowers. The air has not been heated as much nor as uniformly per unit of steam introduced; and its power -.to retain moisture in suspension has been restricted. i

We have aimed to obtain the advantage. of inlet air heating and thorough steam intermingling with it in this heated condition in a direct connected fan unit, preferably where excess difference of pressure between turbine steam inlet and exhaust is utilized to reduce the work required of the fan.

The Wall 1 represents any suitable wall through which air or other gas ,is to beor may be.flanged at 7 to close thei space beslightly conforming near y to a general tween the narrower end of the preferably nearly conoidal curved shell and the sleeve 2. For convenience in manufacture we prefer to place most of the flange upon the shell, making the coiiperating flange .2, upon the sleeve, small ifit be present. o

While it'is evident, and we recognize that, in its broad aspects, our invention -is independent of the specific types of fan 8, motor '9 and jet blower 10,. we prefer those shown because they coeperate to produce the best service resu ts known to us. Y The conoidal form of fan distributes'the air blown mostuniformly and to the best advantage. We prefer to curve the shell slope or taper nearly parallel to the blades ofthe fan, and to arrange the jets preferably. between parallelism with the axisof the fan on one side and with the intake shell 4 on the other so as to reduce the airfriction and cross currents of air as much as'possible. The most desirable an 'le for the location of ets shown issubstantlally parallel withthe blades of the fan. These ets, in turn, co

operate with a steam turbine rather than with another motor because they themselves use steamand are inposition conveniently to receive their supply from the turbine exhaust, Moreover, in their inclined position theylreceive their steam about a re atively lar e diameter, close to the turbine blades,

' an discharge it about a relatively small diameter most suitable for the fan supply where the discharge takes ferred, onthe turbine side 0 prefer to use a number of jets, circumferen- Flace, as pre- In it" This shell I the fan. We

'tially spaced, rather than a single central.

jet. By"their*unifo'rn1"spacing circumfer-Z entially about the axis of-themotor and fan they balance the structure mechanically at much in excess of that desirable for the tur-.

bine and must be reduced to avoid excessive" "speed of the fan, orresults in wastev of this excess pressure, the back pressure upon the turbine due to the jet blower Will not affect the efficiency of the steam turbine. The work required of;the. fan fora given blast will be greatly reduced and its speed may alsobe kept low.

We have shown the motor as comprising a casing 11 provided, witha steam chest 12, whence the steam is directed through any suitable nozzles 13 against the blades 14 of any type of turbine. the turbine through pipe 15. In the. form of the steam and'the distribution of the iVherever the steam pressure available is" Steam is. conducted to illustrated, the turbine is secured to a 1101- low shaft 16, supported in bearings 17 and 18, and is prevented from excessive movement in either direction by the cap 19 at one end and the hub 20 of the fan 8 at the other. The hub 20 engages theend 21 of the bearing 18. The interior of the casing 11, as indicated at 22, forms an'exhaust chamber for the steam which is used upon the turmaintained throughout this-compartment.

including the portion 23 within which the any suitable form, as at 24,1fere shown as four in number. We prefer to use anumber of nozzles inline for-each jet blower. and, hence, cause the jet nozzles 24 to feed steam into the nozzles 25, and these in turn to feed intonozzles 26. Air inlets 27, 28 and 29 are provided between the

jets

24 and 25,

bine blades and the same exhaust pressure is 25. and 26, and between jet 26 and the casing 6, respectively, so that air is entrained by the steam at each well recognized fprinciples .of' jet operation.

Wehave pre erred to make use of the conoidal form of fan'havi'ng blades '30, and.

to guide and distribute its air i'nfluxrboth by means of the terminal d agonal placing of the cause it to enter or exhafistto the best adpoint according to the plate 31 an dthe lades,- so as to vantage through the openings32 and to be ggided by the conformation of the casing at In all free inlet fans which are'used for feeder exhaust purposes, the air upon the inlet or intake side of the fan is in a relatively exhausted condition and its pressure I shows a slight vacuum. Thisistrue because the feed of the fan'is 'dependent'upon the pressure of the outer air which cannot act until the pressure upon the inlet or intake side of the fan' has beem reducediby the withdrawal of air by the fan blades and the volumes of the supplies of air to different fansof the same type vary nearly in the same proportion as the degrees of vacuum. obtained upon the inlet or intake sides of the fans. The

supply of air to the fan is restricted by this. vacuum and the fan must do all of the work of creating it and of thus producing a flow or current of air toward the fan. Our invention aims to produce both speed of flow and pressure upon the inlet or intake side of the fan independently of the action of the fan blades and to do this by the operation of differences of pressure which have previously not been wholly utilized in directconnected turbine-fan units. Even when the motor is not a turbine, the improvement in operation of the fan and reduction of its speed invite the supply of steam jet induction preferably inserted between the motor and the fan, by a separate supply of exhaust, or even live steam, in many installations as seen in Fig. 6, the jets being fed from an annular reservoir 22 similar to that within the casing 11 but independent of the motor 38, whose shaft 16' merely operates through the casing.

The turbine casing and jet nozzles are shown as supported from the shell 6 by struts or stiffening strips or ribs 34. The hollow shaft 16, being closed at one end by the cap 19 and at the other end by the plu 35. affords convenient distribution, througfi any suitably located openings 36, for oilor other lubricant fed thereto by pipe 37.

It willbe seen that we apply to the reduction ofthe work required of the fan a part of the energy of the steam which has been wasted in previous turbine-driven fan constructions because of excessive steam velocity relative to turbine blade speed, and that we secure increased efliciency of the system, and that the jet blower aids or assists the fan and increases its blast whether it discharge between the blower and fan or beyond the fan.

we desire to include as within our invention the various changes and alterations in the structure and arrangement of parts which will naturally occur in the minds of those skilled in the art as a result of our disclosures herein and which come within the range and scope of our claims.

' Our process of high pressure steam utilizationin turbines direct-connected to fans is advantageous wherever the speed of the efiirelative excessive steam eed.

ciency of the turbine is reduced because of Having thus describe our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a device of the character stated, in combination, a turbine, a fan turned thereby and a jet blower between the fan and turbine, forcing fiuid through the space within which the fan operates.

2. In a device of the character stated, in combination a steam turbine exhausting through a plurality of nozzles, a jet blower construction in line with and including each of said nozzles and a fan aided by the jet blower and driven by the steam turbine.

3. In a device of the character stated, in combination a steam turbine having an exhaust chamber, a jet blowing mechanism connected in advance of said exhaust chamber and at an angle with the axis of the turbine and a fan aided by said jet blowing mechanism.

4. In a device of the character stated, in combination a motor, means for supplying fluid thereto under pressure, a fan driven by the motor, and a plurality of jet blowers directed into the rear of the fan blades, increasing the blast of said fan.

5. In a device of the character stated, in

combination a motor, having an exhaust, a steam fed jet blower fed from said exhaust and directed at an angle to the axis of the motor, and a fan driven by the motor receivin the blast from the jet blower on its inlet side and whose blast .is thus increased by said jet blower.

, 6. In a device of the character stated, in combination a steam turbine, a jet blower fed from the exhaust of said turbine and a fan assisted by the jet from said blower.

7. The process of utilization of high steam pressures for direct-connected turbine-fan units which consists in maintaining a considerable back steam pressure upon the exhaust side of the turbine blades to reduce the velocity of the steam affecting the blades, and in utilizing the back pressure in entraining, heating and intermixing air within the steam exhausted by jet discharge of this back pressure steam.

Witnesses:

. GERTRUDE BADECR,

HELEN I. KAUFFMAN.