US1181728A - School-loom. - Google Patents

Description

E. L. BOTTS.

SCHOOL LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 21, 1914.

Patented May 2, 1916.

2 SHEETS SHEH I ELIZABETH L. BOTTS, OF BUTTE, MONTANA.

SCHOOL-1.00M.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2, 1916.

Application filed October 21, 1914. Serial No. 867,759.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELIZABETH L. Borrs,

a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Butte, in the county of Silverbow and State of Montana, have invented 'a new and Improved School-Loom, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is' to provide a new and improved school loom, more especially designed for use in schools to teach children the rudiments in the art of weaving, and to permit of weaving tubular fabrics, single or double with flat fabrics, two fiat fabrics and the like in various colors and materials.

In order to accomplish the desired result, use is made of a pair of heddles each having a transversely row of apertures alternating with vertical slots, the warp threads passing through the apertures in oneheddle, passing through the slots in the other heddle, and vice versa, handeontrolled means for alternately raising and lowering the heddles, a lay slidable forward and backward in front of the heddles for guiding the warp and for beating in the we t, a breast beam, a cloth beam, one or two warp beams, and separator boards intermediate the rear heddle and the said warp beams, each separator board having apertures through each of which passes a corresponding pair of warp threads. 1

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,

in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure l is asectional side elevation of the school loom, the section being on the line 11 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a front view of the dles; Fig. 6 is a sectional side elevation ofsame, Fig. 3 .is a reduced sectional plan view of the layv on the line 33 of Fi .1; Fig. 4 is a front elevation of one side 0% the sameand showing the guideway for the lay in section on the line 4.4: of Fig. 1; Fig;

5 is a reduced face view of one of the hedone of the beams and the means for holding the beam against turning; Figs. 7 to 10 are diagrammatic views of the various weaves produced by the loom; Fig. 11 is a side elevation of a modified form for raising and lowering the heddles, the latter being shown in section; and Fig. 12 is a hori- E, E and E located zo'ntal section of one of the separator boards taken through the apertures.

The loom is mounted on a suitably. con-' and 2, the loom 'is provided with two warp beams B, B located one above the other at the rear of the loom and from the said war beams unwind two sets of warp threads (5 C passing through openings in the separator boards D, D to then pass through the heddles E, E' and the lay F to the front of the machine, at which the ends of the warp threads are attached to a cross rod G temporaril held on top of a breast beam H. The rod is connected by cords I with a rod J temporarily attached to the .cloth beam K to permit of winding up the woven fabric, as hereinafter more fully explained. The warp beams B, B are provided at one end with handles B B for turning the warp beams, and the latter are further provided on their peripheral faces with recesses B (see Fig. 6) spaced equal distances apart and adapted to be engaged by the free ends of hooks L pivoted on the side of the main frame A. On lifting the hook L the warp beam Bor B, canbe'jturned to let off the warp C or C, and then the corresponding hook L is returned to engage the recess B now on top with a view to lockthewarp beam against rotation. Each of the-separator boards D, D is provided with a transverse row of apertures D, and throu'g'l ieaeh aperture passes a pair of warp-'threads,-"-itbeing understood that the separator-boards. are only supported by the corresponding warp and held adjacent the correspond-1 warp beam B or B.

Each of the heddlesE, E", is iii -the form' forming narrow strips E strips are provided with rows of apertures '7 one ,abovethe, other. Of a pair of warp threads i' hl'ongh an aperture '1), one of the threadslpasses through a slot E in the heddle E-and' then through an aperture E, E

or E. of the" other heddle E, and the other warp thread of this pair of warp threads passes througlg o an aperture E, E or E the heddle apertures E Theupper and lower ends of the heddles E and E are provided with cross bars E E engagingguideways A,

A arranged on the inner faces of the sides of the main frame A so that the heddles E and E are guided in their alternate up and down movement. The upper ends of the heddles E and E are connected by links N and N with a board N 'provided with bearings 1 3 engaging a pivoted i'od Nv extending transversely and attached at its ends to.

the sides of the main frame A. The links N and N are connected to the board N at opposite sides of the pivoted rod N, and the said board N is provided at one side with a handle N under the control of the operator to rock the board N with a view to raise one heddle while lowering the other or vice versa. The handle N is adapted to be held in lowermost position byzengaging it with a pin N on the corresp ding side of the frame A to hold the heddle E' in raised position while the heddle E is held in lowered position. When it is desired to change the position of the heddles E and E, the'operator takes hold of" the handle N5 "and slightly swings the same to one side to, move out from under the pin N to allow the operator raise the handle N with a view to lower the heddle E and to raise the heddle E. The handle N is now engaged with thetop of a pin N located above the pin N to hold the heddles in the changed position for the time being. It is under-' stood that the handle N is sufhciently resilient to allow of bending it to one sideto disengage the. pins N, N prior to swinging the handle up'or down as the Ease may be. Instead of the. mechanism 1 described for operating the heddles, as shown in Figs. 1'. and 2, use is made of bands 0 connecting the upper ends of the heddles'with each other and extending over a drum 0 jour- .naled in. the sides of the main frame A.

The drum 0 is provided with a'handle, O

. adapted to be swung-upward or downward A by the operator for turning the drum 0 with a view to alternately raise or lower to keep the same; properly spaced and to.

the heddles E, E.

'The lay F is provided with areedF in the form of a plate provided with vertical slots for the passage of the warpthreads allow of beating in theweft C, as hereinafter more fully explained. The reed F "is attached to bottom and top bars F F, of

which the .bar F is provided near the ends with slots F extending from the lower edge upward (see Fig. 4) to straddle guideways A formed on the sides of the main frame A. The top and bottom bars F F are connected with each other at the sides by end bars F- to give the desired rigidity to the reed and to the bottom bar F and to the side bars F 5 are secured rearwardly extending handles F adapted to be taken hold of by the operator for sliding the lay F forward or backward on the guideways A for beating in the weft C and returning the lay F to normal rearmost position in the front of the front heddle E.

Thebreast beam H is removably held in vertical guideways A forming part of the main frame A, and on the top edge of the breast beam K is temporarily secured a rod G by the use of tying strings G, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The forward ends of the warps are looped around the rod G to permit the operator to pass the weft C through the open shed of the corresponding set of warps-C or C. It is understood that after the weft is passed through the open shed of each warp C, C then the lay F is moved forward to beat in the weft C and I is then returned to rear-most position, after fwhich the heddles E, E are changed, as

above explained. The weftis then again passed through the open shed and then beaten in, after which the heddles are again changed, and this operation is repeated j until a length of fabric has been woven extending close to the lay F when in rearmost position. When thishas been done the tying strings G are untied or otherwise removed, and then the cloth beam K is turned to wind up the strings I, and thenthe rod G is drawn downward and withit the portion of the fabric. woven until the forward end of the fabric is close to the top of the breast beam H. The above-describ'ed operation is then repeated, that is, another portion of the fabric is woven, after which the clothbeam K is again turned to wind up the cloth on the cloth beam K, the rods G and J being dispensed with as well .as the strings I after the cloth has reached and been wound once or twice around the cloth beam K; The rod J is temporarily held on the cloth beam Kby tying strings J -and the rodJ abuts against the ledge K, the ledge extending transversely on the peripheral face of .the cloth beam K as shown in section in vFig. 1 and in dotted lines 'in Fig. 2. Thus when the cloth beam K is turned in the direction of the arrow a the rod J is carried around by the cloth beam to wind up the strings I. The rods G and J project beyond the side edges of the cloth wound on the beam K and can therefore be readily removed when desired. One outer end of the cloth beam K is provided on. its peripheral face with recesses K spaced equal distances apart and ada ted to be engaged by the free end of a 00k K fulcrumed at K on the main frame A so that the cloth beam K is held a ainst return movement. The cloth beam is provided at one end with a handle K to ermitthe operator to readily turn the cloth eam K in the direction of the arrow (1' whenever it is desired to wind up the woven fabric, as. before mentioned. I

The weft (3 ma be of any IS, rial to suit the fa ri'c to be'woven and the said weft is preferably wound or attached to a board P, which serves as a shuttle, to permit of passing the weft through the open shed from one side of the loom, to the ot er, as previously explained. It will be noticed that by the arrangement described, a single warp may be used for weaving a flat fabric as shown in Fig. 7, or two warps 'C andC may be used for independently weaving two separate flat fabrics, asshown in Fig. 8, or the two warps may be used and the weft I passed through first one open shed and then ack through the other open shed and returned in a similar way to weave a single flat fabric of double width, as will be readily understood by reference toFig. 9. In a like manner the weft may bepassed alternately through theopen sheds of the two warps to weave a tubularbag-like fabric, as indicated in Fi 10.

Thus from t e foregoin it will be seen that the loom can be ly manipulated by schoolchildren to learn the rudiments of the art of weaving to permit of weaving different fabrics as mentioned.

The loom shown' and described is very simple and durable in construction and can be readily manipulated by children without the slightest dangerof in ury to them while weaving.

The loom although primarily intended for use in schools may be used in other institutions and in the home. The warps and wefts may be in the form of colored or non-colored threads, yarns, ribbons, bands and the like and as various forms of weaves can be produced it is evident that a large variet of different textile goods may be manu actured on the loom.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A school loom comprising a frame, a warp beam journaled in the frame, a pair of heddles having guided movement in the frame, hand controlled means for alternately raising and lowering the heddles, a separator board intermediate the rear heddle and the warp beam and through each aperture of which passes a pair of war threads, a manually operated lay mounte to slide on 'table matethe frame in front of the heddles and provided with a reed, a breast beam on the 3. A school loom, comprising a frame, a

warp beam mounted on the frame, a pair of manually operated heddles in the frame, a manually operated lay mounted to 'slideon the frame in front of the heddles, a breast beam, a rod removably secured to the breast beam and with which the warp threads are engaged, a manually operated cloth beam, and aconnection between the cloth beam and the said rod for drawing the said rod with the woven fabric down to permit of it being wound on the said cloth beam.

4. In a school loom, a main frame, a pair of heddles, an overhead rocking member journaled in the said frame, links connecting the said heddles with opposite sides of the said rocking member, a handle on the said rocking member, and spaced pins on the said frame and adapted to be engaged by the said handle to lock the heddles in the adjusted position.

5. In a school loom, a breast beam, a transverse rod'temporarily attached to the peripheral face of the said breast beam andadapted to be engaged by the warp, .a cloth beam, a transverse rod temporarily attached to the peripheral face of the said cloth beam, anal flexible connections between the said r0 s.

6. In a school loom, a main frame provided with horizontal guideways, a lay having bottom and top members, thebottom member being provided with slots engaging the said guideways, side members connecting the top and bottom members, and handles extending rearwardly from the side members to permit the operator to slide the lay forward and backward on the said guideways.

7. A loom, comprising a main frame, warp beams journaled in the said frame one above the other, separator boards having apertures each for the passage of a pair of warp threads, a pair of heddles mounted to move up and down alternately in opposite directions, each heddle frame having vertical slots and transverse rows of apertures for the passage of the warp threads, a lay slidable on the said frame in front of the said heddles and having a reed for the passage of the warp threads, a breast beam on the said frame for the passage of the woven cloth, and a cloth beam on the said frame for Winding up the woven cloth.

8. A loom, comprising a main frame, warp beams journaled in the said frame one above the other, separator boards having apertures each for the passage of a pair of Warp threads, a pair of heddles mounted to move up and down alternately in opposite directions, each heddle frame having vertical slots and transverse rows of apertures for the passage of the warp threads, manually controlled actuating means for alternately raising and lowering the heddles, means for temporarily locking the said actuating means in either position of the heddles, a lay slidable on the said frame in front of the said heddles and having a reed for the passage of the warp threads, a breast beam on the said frame for the passage of the woven cloth, and a cloth beam on the said frame for winding up the Woven cloth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specificationin the presence of tWo subscribing Witnesses.

ELIZABETH L. BOTTS.

Witnesses M. V. CONROY, ARAVELLA SMITH.

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