US1180449A - Apparatus for drying liquid materials. - Google Patents

Description

0. S. SLEEPER.

I APPARATUS vFOR DRYIVNG LIQUID MATERIALS. APPLICATION FILED IuIIE 22, 19:5.

o. s. SLEEPER. y APPARATUS 50H www@ LIQUID'MATERIALS. APPLICATION FILED IUNE 22| 19l5. Lh.,

l @Patented M1225, 1916.

a sHETs-SHEET 2.

@mA-III@ 0. S.4 SLEEPER.

APPARATUS FOR DRYINGILIQUID MAEHIALs. APPLICATION FILED 1UNE'22, 1915.

Patented Apr. v125, w16.

a sums-SHEET a.

| I TL l If i. IIIEII F: l $222/ I f@ OLVER S. SLEEPER, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T BUFFALO FOUNDLY AND MACHINE COMEANY, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK. A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

APPARATUS FOR DRYING LIQUID MATERIALS.

Littitlateldi.

Speccatlon of Letters Patent.

1tatented Apr. 25, Mirti.

@riginal application led October 3, 1912, SeraI No. 723,698. Divided and this application. filed .Tune 22,

Be it known that If (.)Livnn S. SLi-narra, a citizen ot the VnitedStates, residing at liutlalo. in the county ot' Erie and State'ot' New York. have invented new and useful lmprovements in Apparatusv for Drying Liquid lilaterials, of which the following is a speciication. y l

This invention relates to an apparatus 'tor drying` or desiccating liquid materials so as to reduce'them to a tlaked, granular or powdered condition, this invention being employed ior instance in producing` dry chestnut or other wood extracts, also dry glue. milk. drugs` food products, &c., by removing the water or moisture from the solid ingredients in these materials.

(lne ot the objects ot' this invention is to apply the material to be dried more unitormly upon the surface Whereon the same are dried and to increase the amount ot' the material deposited upon this surface beyond that possible in machines otthis char- 4 acter as heretofore constructed and thereby increase the output oit' the machine and reduce the cost otl production accordingly.

Ainother object of this invention is to So construct the machine that. theI liquid material to be dried is circulated in the most direct manner and with the employment of a minimum length ot conduits and angular connections so that the fullest etiiciencyis obtained by the means whereby the liquid to be dried is circulated in the machine.

.i turthcr object of this invention is to supply the liquid material to be dried under pressure while confined against the drying surfaces so that the same is forced or pressed against the surface upon which the .same is dried and this surface is caused to take upl and dry a larger amount of this material than when this drying surface is only supplied by a stream ot the material without pressure or when said surface only dips into a bath or stream ot' the material to be dried.

rThis application is a division "of an application tiled by myself October 3, 15112. Serial No. 723.698.

ln the accompanying drawings: Figure' mummmx.

Serial No. 35,509.

duced scale. .l `ig. 2 is a vertical transverse section, on an enlarged scale, ot the machine taken in line 2-, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section,A on t reduced scale, taken in line 3, Fig. :2. Fig. t is a vertical transverse section of the pump taken in line 1 1, Fig. 1. whereby the liquid material to be dried is circulated in the machine.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

In its general organization the machine which is shown in the drawings and which embodies my invention and permits ot' practising my improved process of drying or desiccating liquids comprises a vacuum or drying chamber 1 and a .drying or heating drum 2 which rotates about a horizontal axis within the drying chamber. The vacuum chamber is prct'erably formed b v an inclosing casing or housing coniprising a body 231 constituting the longitudinal sides,'

top and bottom ot' the casing and two heads 3. #t which are detachabli' secured to opposite ends ot' the body. The lower part ot' the casing is constructed to form a catch basin or reservoir i? for the liquid to be dried and a residuum chamber. `spout ordelivery passage 6 which adapted to receive the. dried product oit the liquid. The reservoir and discharge passages 5, (S ranged lengthwise side by side and separated by an upright walll or partition 7, as shown in Fig. 2. at the top ot the casing lthe same is provided with a` vapor outlet 8 which is adapted to be connected with an exhausting device of any suitable character for removing the vapors 'trom'the interior ot the drying chamber, this exhaust device consisting for instance ot' a vacuum pump or condenser, or both.

The drying drum comprises a horizontal cylindrical body 9 and two heads 10, 11 secured to opposite ends of the drum body and provided with hollow trunnions 12, 13 which are journaled in bearings 14. 15 on the heads oi. the drying chamber. Rotation oi the drum, in'the direction of the arrow 1o .indi-- cated 'in Fig. 2, may be effected by any snitable means so that the lower part or side ot the drum moves trom the discharge passage to the reservoir. The means shown in the drawings `tor 'rotating tho drinn i'fompriscs a. driven gear wheel 17 which is secured to the (itl , stationary steam supply pipe 19 entering the 'l hollow trunnion 13 and a stationary delivery lpipe 20 for carrying the water of condensation arranged in the other trunnion 12 and connected with a .drain scoop 21 ar` ranged adjacent to the bore of the drum.

The liquid material containing solid matter to be' dried is applied `to the drum on the underside of the same and then carried over the top thereof during which movement the moisture in the solid elements of the vmaterial is eliminated by the heat of the drum while the solid ingredients' cling to the periphery of the drum. The liquid to be dried -is delivered to the drum by means of a. feed pan arranged below the drum and comprisinga bottom 22, al rear longitudinal flange or wall 23 rising from the rearlongitudinal edge of the bottom and engaging with the rperiphery of the drum, two transverse side or end walls 24, 24 arranged at opposite ends of the bottom and also projecting upwardly therefrom into engagement with the periphery of the drum, anda vertically movable gate, valve or front wall 25 which is adjustably connected with the relatively fixed.

parts of the pan and adapted to have its upper edge arranged separate from the periphery of the drum and thus form an outlet passage for the pan through which the excess liquid which is not taken up by the surface of the drum 'drops from the pan into the reservoir of the casing.

which are shown in the drawings comprise a plurality of vertical slots 26 formed in the lower edge of the gate, and a plurality of clamping bolts -27 each passing through one of the slots 26 and connecting the gate with a depending -iange 28 on the front edge of the bottom of the pan. j

The delivery pan is of a length substantially equal to that of the drum and is mounted on the rear ends of a plurality of vertically swinging rock arms 29 which latter are secured at their front ends to a horizontal rock shaft 30 arranged lengthwise in the drying chamber below the drum and 'journaled at its opposite ends in stuffing boxes 31 on the heads of the drying chamber. Upon turning this shaft and its arms in one direction the pan is swung downwardly away from the drum into a position in which the same may be thoroughly cleaned and maintained in a sanitary condition, while upon turning this shaft and' its arms in the opposite direction the pan will be swung upwardly into engagement with the drum. This movement of .the rock shaft The preferred means 4for'adjusting Athe gate or valve of the pan and the parts associated therewith is pref erably effected by means o1' a hand lever 32 secured to one or both ends of this shaft outside of the easing and held in place by means of a clamping device 33 while the. pan is in engagement with the drum. Below the pan is arranged a horizontal longitudinal liquid delivery manifold 34 which is connected on'its upper side with the bottom of the p an by means of a plurality of upright nozzles or nipples 35 whereby the liquid is delivered from the manifold into the pan at different points in the length thereof. This manifold is preferably mounted on the free or rear parts of the rock arms 2) by passing the same through openings 36 formed in these arms, as shown in Fig.

37 represents a liquid delivery pipe or conduit arranged vertically below the drum and extending through the bottom of the reservoir. At its upper end this delivery pipe is connected with the manifold in such manner that the pan and manifold are free to be raised and lowered for cleaning, inspecting and repairing without disturbing the liquid delivery connections between these parts. The preferred means for this purpose which are shown in the drawings con-- sist in providing the upper end of the delivery pipe 37 with a fixed hollow coupling head 38 through which the rock shaft 30 passesl and a movable hollow coupling head 39 which receives the rock shaft and is connected by a hollow arm or branch pipe 4() with the manifold. The fixed and movable coupling heads' engage with each other by means of a rotatable joint il which is concentric with the axis of the rock shaft, thereby maintaining the liquid connections between the delivery pipe and the manifold in the various positions which the latter assumes upon raising and lowering the same 4together with the pan.

For the purpose of steadying and holding the upper end of the delivery pipe in position within the vacuum chamberthis end of this pipe is-connected with the front wall or adjacent part of the easing by means of a. brace which is preferably adjustable and constructedA of two horizontal rods 42, Al-5 which have their extremities cox'meeted re- -spectively with the front side of the deliv- 'adjacent to the liquid delivery pipe 57 connecting with the delivery pan. In order to deliver the liquid from the reservoir to, the

ini

niinn 'le'lection in the pan as directly as possible. and with a 111ini muinjnumlier of turns in the course oi' this liquid a rotary pump is employedV the casi'ng lo ot which has its inlet JJ and itsl outl t 48 arranged at thetop thereof and connected with the lower ends ot' the supply and delivery pipes l5. 3i'. respectively. so that the liquid from the reservoir can descend directly into the cylinder or ising ot the punip without making any turns during this course and then he ejected or forced hy the wings l!) ot the piston 50 in the casingor cylinder ot' the puinp iqnvardly through the delivery pipe and to the pan with a ininicourse of the liquid het'ore reaching the drinn. lly this means the liquid to he dried circulated in the in achine with a ininiinuni expenditure ot power. the machine can he produced at .less cost. piping' needs ing the machine clean. and the apparatus is also more compact as a whole.

, During the operation of the n'iachii'ie'the liquid to he dried passes from the lreservoir down'waivlly through the supply pipe 45 into the puinp casing. thence upwardly through the delivery pipe 3T and into the manifold. thence into the delivery panv where a quantity of the saine adheres to the outer surface ot the drum in the form of a thin iilni while the surplus flows througli the. outlet of the pan at the front end vthereotl and drops hack again into the reservoir to be again circulated in the manner described. The lihn ot liquid adhering to the exterior ot the drinn as it passes over the pan is dried by the heat within the drinn as the liquid passes upwardly on the front and downwari'lly on the rear side of the latter. Before the dried material on the drinn reaches `the liquid feeding position this inaterial is removed from the peripliery of the drinn by a scraper. knife or doctor 5l which projects iq'iwardly `from a position adjacent to the partition T into the product receivii'ig chamber or delivery passage. therel'iy clearingthe drinn so that the saine is ready to receive` another coal; oiJ iindried liquid.y

The outlet oi' the delivery passage niay be connected in any suitable manner with a receptacle into which the drieifl-material is deliveied. it being understood that this receptacle is ot the usual construction and its connection with the discharge passage is of such a ciaracterais to permitl of maintaining' 'the vacuum within the drying chamber while the machine in operation.

ln this machine the widthy or" the tween its tront and rear edges is materially reduced. so as to obtain the maximum amount of active heating surface ot th drinn. thereby inereausingthe drying effect output of the machine pan hoot the same. and the accordingly.

attention tor keep-v 'an inlet and and directs the inaterialf Closing Casin e' By means ol the gate or valve 23 the overllow outlet ot the pan may he adjusted or regulated as to size or capacity in order to regulate the pressure in accordance with the requirementsy ot' the densities o1 ditlerent inaterials which niay he dried and also toohiain the heit results undcrJdill'erent conditions under which the niachine inay he operated.

ln operating the machine the liquid to he dried is delivered against the heating drinn under a pressure hy the pump and while the,v

liquid is confined against the drinn. which pressure varies according to the character ot' the material heingdried, tlierehy increasing the aniount ot deposit ol' solid materials` against the drinn and expediting the drying operation in the saine measure. The puinp is operated to produce a pressure upon the liquid or extract while the saine is presented hy the pan to the drilni which enables this machine to dry a larger volume ot' liquid material within a given time than has been possible heretofore.

In order to insure al uniliorin deposit of the lihn ot' liquid on the surface ot the drinn after the latter has been coated hy the pan a spreading device is ynovided which pret'- erably consists ot' a hlade or har 5i arranged adjacent to the peripheuv of the drinn ininiediately in front of the pan and mounted h v means o'f arins'fl on the rock shaft 30.

l claim my invention:

l. A drying apparatus coinjn'ising an i11- closing casing. a drying drinn rotatable in. said casing and adapted to receive the inaterial to be dried on its exterior, and a pan adapted to hold said material in position to be engaged by said drinn and provided with for regiil'atiiiig` the outlet ot the pan and pressure therein.

A drying apparatus comprising an inelosing casing. a drying drinn rotatable in said casing and adapted to receive the inaterialto he dried on its exterior, and a pan adapted to hold said material in position to be engaged `by said drum and ha ving a bottom provided with an inlet. an outlet at its front edge. and an adjustable gate tor-controlling said outlet.

3. A drying apparatus comprising an inclosing easing. a drying drinn rotatable in said casing and adapted to receive the material to be dried on its exterior, and a pan .adapted to hold said material in position to be engaged by said an'outlet passage. and means drinn and having a bottoni provided with an iiiletaan outlet at its front edge, walls at its rear engaging with said drinn, gate lor controlling said and side edges and an adjustable outlet and regulatingthe pressure of the material againstthe drinn. v y

t. A dry-'ing apparatus comprising 'an ina, afdrying drum rotatable in Said casing and adapted to receive 'Ille ma- Mil@ - Slots, and a plurality of bolts terial to he dried on its exterior, and a pan adapted to hold said material in position to be engaged by said drum and having a hottom provided with an inlet, an outlet at its front edge, Walls at its rear and side edges engaging with said drum, and meanel 'for controlling said outlet comprising a vertically adjustable gate arranged in said outlet and movable toward and from said drum and provided with a plurality olf 'vertical arranged in Said Slots and connecting said Ifrate with the bottom of the pan.

5. A drying apparatus comprising; an inclo'sing casing, a drum rotatable in Said cas ing, a pan ar 'anged within Said casing; and adapted to Support the liquid material to he dried in contant with the'exterior or said drum, a delivery pipe: for delivering the liquid material to he dried to-sad pan er;- tending through the bottom of eaid casing. a Supply pipe for withdrawing the liquid material to he dried from the lower part of Said casing7 and a pump having its inletand outlet connected respeetively 'with :said sup- .ply and delivery pipes.

6. A drying .apparatus comprising' an inlclosing casing`r a drum rotatable in said cae ing, a pan arranged within said easing and adapted to support the liquid material to he' dried in Contact with the exterior of Said drum, a delivery pipe for delivering the liquid material to he dried to Said pan extendingV through the bottom of said casing, a Supply pipe for withdrawing the liquid material to loe dried from the lower part of Said easing. and a pump arranged below the casing having its inlet and outlet connected respectively with said supply and delivery pipes.

7. A drying apparatus comprising an inclosing easing, ay drum rotatable in said eas ing, a pan arranged Within said casing andadatped to support the liquid material to he dried in Contact with the exterior oi" said drum, means for supplying' the liquid material to loe dried' to Said pan con'iprising a manild arranged lengthwise below said` panlan-d having' a plurality of delivery noz- Zles opening into the pan and a coupling -nani'l'old arranged lerurlhvv'ien Lieofree v"oint eonneetine; said ihfliver,Y iiie and :laid

coupling nozzle.

l, fr drying apparati'ia ronuniaing.; an inr closing rising a druni ro. taille in said cars ing7 a pan arranged within said casing and adapted to Sui'iport the liquid material i'o no dried in ront-.iet with the exterior ol' said drinn, moana` for uuppllviixgV the liquid niarerial lo he dried lio said pan eonipriningl a manifold arranged lengthwise helow Said pan and lnivinn a plurality of delivery nozopening`- into the pan anda coupling nozzle. a delli ry pipe extending' through the holi'ioni ol' the eaainfr. a roialahlo joint von nemingsaid delivery pipe and uuid raiuplingr nozxl and a brace eoninafting the upper part of Said delivery pipii and the adjacent part olf the' easing.

Sl. fr drying;apparatus comprising; an incloning` eas-inni', a drinn rotalahle in said oasingij, a pan arranuml within .said easing' and adapted to support the liquid material to he dried in Contact with the exterior ol1 bald drum, meaux` 'for supplying the, liquid material 'to he dried to Said pan oinpriaing a helow Said pan and having` a plurality ot' delivery noz zleS opening into the pan and a coupling; nozzle`r a delivery pipo oxl'endinpr through the liotloinv olz the waning. a rolal'ahle joint connecting; said deliver)- pipe and said rouplingnozzle and a hraee eonnmrtin;r the, up per part` ol: `@aid delivery pipe and the adjacent pari; ol' the waxing and Comprising` two .threaded roda ronneeted rnspeetivolv with the easing" and the delivery pipo and a turn buckle connerliluf uuid roda.

l0. A dryin apparatus rompi-innig an inelosing Casing'. a drinn rolnlahley in aid naaing'.y a pan arranged within Said easing and adaplid to support the liquid :naerial to he dried in rontaot with the. exterior ol' said drinn.r a liquid deliver \v inani'lold luning a plurality or' nozzlea opening inlo said pan` a roel: shaft. and a pluraliv ol1 rorlz arms which eupport Said pan and said inanil'od.

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