US1176402A - Valve for engines. - Google Patents

Description

0. H. REEVES.

VALVE FOR ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.I6. 1913.

1 1 76,402. Patented Mar. 21, 1916.

2 $HEETSSHEET I.

.v UN1TED STATES PATENT ornrcn- OLIVER H. REEVES, OF DENVER, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO THE REEVES MOTOR COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF COLORADO.

VALVE FOR ENGINES.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER H. REEVES, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Valves for Engines; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements J11 Valves for engines, explosive engines in particular, and consists broadly in a valve C0111- posed partly of two rotative elements located one inside the other, and means for moving said valve elementsindependently of each other.

One object of the invention is to provide an eflicient substitute for the puppet valve which shall have no springs or other parts likely to get out of order. r

Another object of the invention is to provide a valve mechanism of this sort which shall be adapted to serve two cylinders at once, the pistons of'which' are working in different cycles.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a single valve mechanism WlllCll shall control both the admission of fresh mixture and the expulsion of burned gases for one or more cylinders.

A further object of the invention is to provide a Valve in which it is practical to utilize comparatively large openings, thus tending to minimize the loss of power due to back pressure.

Other objects will appear hereinafter as I proceed with the description of that embodiment of the invention, which, for the purposes of the present application, I have illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

in which:

Figure 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section of a portion of an internal combustion engine provided with my improved valve. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section taken upon the line 2-2, Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 3 is a fragmental detail elevation looking in the direction of arrow 3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a cross sectional detail ofthe valve when the parts Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 16, 1913.

Patented Mar. 21, 1916. Serial No. 807,002.

are in the positions shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Fig. 5 is a similar View illustrating the position of the valve pieces at the end of the first stroke or cycle. Fig. 6 is a similar View illustrating the positions of the valve pieces at the end of the second stroke or cycle. Fig. 7 is a similar view illustrating the position of the valve pieces at the end of the third stroke or cycle.

Similar reference characters refer to like parts throughout the views.

In the drawings. which form a part of this specification, let the numeral 5 refer to the crank casing of an explosive engine of twoor more cylinders. In the drawings, two cylinders only are illustrated as they serve to show fully the application of my new improved valve. The cylinders in the drawing are numbered 6 and 7 and are provided with a water jacket 8.

Within the cylinders 6 and 7-, are pistons 9 and 10 to which are connected piston rods 12 and 13, respectively. The lower extremities of the piston rods are rotatably mounted upon crank pins 14 supported in the ends of cranks 15, which in turn, are fixedly mounted in the crank shaft 16, the latter being illustrated in Fig. l as supported in two journals 1? and 18.

Keyed upon the shaft 16 is a gear 19 meshing with a larger gear 20. In the embodiment of my invention herein illustrated, the number of teeth in the gear 20 is twice that of the teeth in the gear 19. The gear 20 is fixed upon a shaft 21 which is rotatably supported in bearings formed in lugs or ears'22. preferably made integral with the crank shaft casing or with the cylinders.

Opposite the joint, between the cylinders 6 and 7, the shaft 21 is interrupted by two pairs of cranks 23 and 24, supporting crankpins 25 and 26, the cranks 23 and 24. being set apart at an angle of ninetydegrees, approximately. Upcn the crank pins 25 and 26 are mounted rotative bearing members 27 and 28, these members being each formed in two pieces securedtogether by bolts 29. The upper piece of'each of the members 27 and 28 is bifurcated for the reception of the flattened lower extremities of connecting rods'30 and 31, said extremities and bifurcations having alining perforations through which are passed bolts 32, forming pintles upon which the rods 30 and 31 may swing. At its upper extremity, the rod 31 is pivoted by the bolt 33 to a bifurcated bracket 3i, swiveled to an arm 35 which is muerast by means of a set screw" 361to shaft 37.v

The shaft 37 is mounted loosely-in. a sleeve.

38 upon which is fixed, by means of a set screw 39, an arm 40, which at itscpposi-te end carries a swiveled bracket l1, bifurcated for the reception of the flat upper end of the Formed preferably integral with the sleeve. 38, is a cylindrical valve piece 50 which fits snugly within the valve seat. In the wall of the valve piece 50, are cut longitudinal slots or ports51, 52, 53, and 54,.

adapted to register respectively with the passages and ports,. l9,, 16,47 and 45, of the casing.-

Integral with the shaft 37 and arranged within the valve piece 50 is a flat substantiallyrectangular valve piece 55, which extends frcm one end of the cylindrical valvepiece to the other and entirely across it dividing the interior of the cylindrical valve piece into two separate parts. Circular disks 56 are integral with the valve piece 55 and serve to close the extremities of the valve piece 50. A circular. plate 57, provided with a nut shaped portion 58for con-. venience in adjustment, is threaded into the casing and holds the valve pieces against longitudinal movement toward the left in Fig; 2. When the valve pieces are to be removed, the set screws 36 and 39 are loosened,

the plate 57 is removed, and the valve pieces are then drawn out of the valve seat toward the left in Fig. 2. The reverse operation is, of course, followed in assembling the valve.

Fromthe foregoing disclosure, the operation of my improved valve mechanism may be readily understood. As" the crank shaft 16 revolves in the direction of arrow A, Fig. 2, the gear 19 drives the gear 20 at half the speed of the shaft 19 in the direction of the arrow B causing the cranks 23 and 2% to be turned in the same direction. At-theinsta-nt in. the operation of the engine depicted in Figs. 1, 2. and 4:, gas is enteringthevalve from the chamber 47 and passing m'to the cylinder 6. The continued.rotationof the shafts '16 and 21 causesthe rod 30- to rise rapidly, and the rod 31 to move downwardly comparatively slowly, owing to-the fact that the cranks 24 are in nearly vertical positions. This opposite movement of the rods; 30.; and

On the upper 31 causes the valve pieces 5Uand'55 to move "'ili the same direction or anti-clockwise, as

indicated by thesmalli arr-'ows in Fi gi i It will be assumed that a-t' thebeginning of the operation a charge in the cylinder 7 has just been fired, thereby forcing downwardly the piston 10 which carries with it in the same direction the piston 9, the-latter by its descent drawing a charge of gas into the cylinder 6. Now, when the cranks 23 and 24: have moved through a' qua rter ofv .a revolution and the valves 50 and. 55 are in the positionof Fig 5', the pi'stonsz- Q-andl-O have completed their descendingstroke; Asthey rise,- the piston 9,1 compresses thegas,

the: port 45- having been closed byt-he move ment of the valvepiecesand simultaneously,

the piston 10 eX-pels. the burned gases through the ports 46, 52 and.51, as indicated by the large: arrows in Fig". 5-; Duringthis upward movement of the pistons, the. rods 31- and 30 betlr move downwardly thereby; causingthe-valve piecest'o move in opposite,

directions as indicated by the small. arrows,

in Fig. 5,.untilat the end of the-stroke they occupy the positions shown in'Fig. 6.3.

At the beginning, of the third stroke zor cycle, the charge in the. cylinder G is ex.--

ploded, the portlz'i-being closed Duringthe stroke a new charge is drawn into thecyli-nder 7, as indicated by the large arrows, Fig.

6. During" this stroke, the cranks 2i move upward and. the cranks 23' downward, thereby causing the rctation of the valvepieces in the same direction as indicated by the,

small arrows, Fig.. 6. At the end of the third stroke when the pistons are down, the valve pieces occupy the positions-of Fig. 7,

the cylinder 6 beginning to exhaust through the port 45 as indicated by-thel arge arrows; and the gas in cylinder 7 beginning to be compressed, the port 46 being closed. During the fourth stroke both sets of cranks 23' and 24 rise, the. valve pieces moving in opposite directions asindicated by the smaller arrows in Fig. 7. Act the end of thefourth stroke, the cranks occupy the-original. positions of Fig. 2 and the valve pieces the positions of Figs; 1 and l..

The direction of motlon of theipistonsf'or each stroke is indicated bythearrows C and D in Figs. l to 7, inclusive. 7

The form of the valve piece 55 and: the arrangement and comparative size of theports 51, 52, 53 and 5.4 in-the val-vepiece' 50, illustrated in the drawings, aremerely illustrative as it obvious that changes in the construction of these parts-and in other details described herein may be made; without departing from the spirit of my invention as setforth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention: 1

1.. In anengine, a casing provided; with. a-

cylindrical valve seat and a; plurality of! ports-in; communication with. saidvalveseat f a cylindrical valve piece fitting closely within said seat, a diametrically arranged valve piece fitting closely within said cylindrical valve piece, disks mounted upon the extremities of the said diametrically arranged valve piece, said cylindrical valve piece having a plurality of ports therethrough and means timed with the movements of the engine for rotating said valve pieces upon a common axis independently of each other.

2. In an engine, a casing provided with a cylindrical valve seat and plurality of ports communicating with said valve seat, a cylindrical valve piece closed at its ends fitting closely Within said valve seat, a valve piece mounted within and dividing the interior of said cylindrical valve piece into two parts, said cylindrical valve piece having a plurality of ports therethrough adapted to register with the ports in said casing and means timed with the movements of the engine for rotating both of said valve pieces independently of each other upon the axis of the cylindrical valve piece.

3. In an explosive engine, an engine cylinder, a 'gas supply source, an exhaust port, a casing provided with a cylindrical valve seat, said casing having therein a port connecting the engine cylinder and valve seat, a passage connecting the seat with the exhaust port and a passage connecting the seat with the source of gas supply, a cylindrical valve piece fitting closely within said valve seat, a diametrically arranged substantially rectangular valve piece mounted within and dividing the interior of said cylindrical valve piece into two parts, circular disks upon the ends of said rectangular valve piece arranged to close the ends of the cylindrical valve piece, said cylindrical valve piece having a plurality of ports therethrough, adapted to register with the port and passages in said casing and means for rocking both of said valve pieces independ ently of each other upon the axis of the cylindrical valve piece in synchronism with the movements of the engine.

4. In an explosive engine, an engine cylinder, a gas supply source, an exhaust port, a casing provided with a cylindrical valve seat, said casing having therein a port connecting the engine cylinder and valve seat, a passage connecting the seat with the exhaust port and a passage connecting the seat with the source of gas supply, a cylindrical valve piece fitting closely within said valve seat, a diametrically arranged substantially rectangular valve piece mounted within and dividing the interior of said cylindrical valve piece into two parts, circular disks upon the ends of said rectangular valve piece arranged to close the ends of the connection between the crank shaft of the engine and the said valve pieces for rocking the latter independently of each other upon the axis of the cylindrical valve piece.

5. In a four cycle explosive engine, an engine cylinder and piston, a gas supply source, an exhaust port, a casing provided with a cylindrical valve seat, said casing having therein a port connecting the engine cylinder, and valve seat, a passage connecting the seat with the exhaust port and a passage connecting the gas supply source with the seat, a cylindrical valve piece closed at its ends, fitting closely within said valve seat and having ports adapted to register with the port and passages of the casing, a diametrically arranged substantially rectangular valve piece mounted within and fitting closely, said cylindrical valve piece and means for rocking both of said valve pieces upon the axis of the circular valve piece for opening communication between the cylinder and gas supply during one cycle of the piston, closing the cylinder during the next two cycles, and opening communication be tween the cylinder and exhaust port during the fourth cycle.

6. In a multi cylinder engine, provided with a gas supply and an exhaust port, a casing between each pair of cylinders having therein a cylindrical valve seat, said casing having ports connecting said cylinders with the valve seat and passages connecting the valve seat with the gas'supply and exhaust port, a cylindrical valve piece fitting closely within said seat, a valve piece fitting closely within said cylindrical valve piece and arranged to divide the interior thereof into two parts, said cylindrical valve piece having a plurality of ports therethrough and means timed with the movements of the engine for rocking said valve pieces upon a common axis independently of each other.

7. In an engine, a valve comprising a cylindrical member closed at its ends, and a diametrically arranged member fitting snugly into the cylindrical member, the cylindrical member being provided with a plurality of ports, and means for actuating said members independently of each other.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

OLIVER H. REEVES.

Witnesses:

SOLON J. BOUGHTON, A. J. OBRIEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each. by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

. Washington, I). C.

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