US1175857A

US1175857A - Apparatus for forming filaments.

Info

Publication number: US1175857A
Application number: US4095415A
Authority: US
Inventors: Leonard Philip Wilson
Original assignee: Courtaulds PLC
Current assignee: Akzo Nobel UK PLC
Priority date: 1915-07-20
Filing date: 1915-07-20
Publication date: 1916-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 1933-03-14

Description

I P. WILSON.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING FILAMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20, I915.

Patented Mar. 14, 1916.

3 SHEETSASHEET I. 1

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20, I915- Patented Mar. 14, 1916.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

in 0 6 Eton 3 SHEETSSHEET 3- L. P. WILSON.

Patented Mar. 14-, 1916.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING FILAMENTS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20. 1915.

ENE canto.

LEONARD PHILIP WILSON, OF COVENTRY, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO OOURTAULDS LIMITED, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR FORMING FILAMENTS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 14, 1916.

Application filed July 20, 1915. Serial No. 40,954.

"the aid of suitable coagulating liquids.

The continuous manufacture and production of tubular threads from such solutions has presented considerable difiiculties. In order that the threads may possess attractive characteristics, such as luster and transparency the walls of the threads must be very thin and the orifice through which the solution issues must be of correspondingly small dimensions. Since a tubular thread at the moment of its formation has to be coagulated both inside and outside, constructional difficulties, (for example as regards the means for introducing the coagulating liquid to the interior of the thread), have hitherto prevented the attainment of any practical process, for the manufacture of such threads.

According to this invention I provide a process and means for the continuous production of tubular threads having the desirable characteristics hereinbefore referred to. I have found that such tubular threads can be produced with the same ease and continuity as can ordinary threads of artificial silk, if the cellulose solution be projected through an annular, or other suitable, orifice of a shape corresponding to the crosssectional shape of the thread to be produced and in a jet which is immersed in a coagulating bath, the jet having a central opening behind, and within, the orifice so that the coagulating liquid in the bath itself has access, freely and automatically, to both the interior and exterior surfaces of the incipient thread as it is being made and issues from the said orifice. Since one and the same bath furnishes the coagulating liquid to both the interior and exterior of the thread, I thus avoid irregularities due to differences in pressure, or composition,

such as might be caused by obstructions in inaccessible and delicate parts of the apparatus if separate conduits were used to lead the liquid to the interior of the thread.

The orifice may be circular, or it may be elliptical, or of other continuous form provided the free access of the coagulating liquid to the interior of the issuing thread be not interfered with.

The threads produced, on passing out of the coagulating bath, may be wound,

washed, dried, and otherwise treated, in any known, or suitable, manner and then usually present the appearance of delicate flattened tubes, or strlps.

This invention further consists in the continuous production of compound threads which are composed of tubular threads such as those hereinbefore referred to, but having textile fibers inclosed therein. A ore-formed thread of artificial silk, or of any other suitable textile fiber, natural, or artificial, is passed from behind through the central opening of a jet of the kind hereinbefore referred to, which is immersed in a coagulating bath, while, simultaneously, a cellulose solution is projected through the annular, or other shaped, orifice, as hereinbefore described. The coagulating liquid is thus permitted to pass in freely with the pre-formed thread so as to. coagulate the interior of the tubular thread. This is illustrated in Figure 5, where part of the bath is shown at X, and the aforesaid jet at 1. The pre-formed thread 9, is led, from the bobbin 10, into the bath, under a glass rod 11, and then through the central opening of the jet 1, and into the interior of the tubular thread 12, being formed. The compound thread may be wound, washed, dried, and otherwise treated, in any known, or suitable, manner. The outer thread thus produced is not a mere coating, or varnishing, upon the inner thread, but is an independent tube surrounding the inclosed fibers.

Instead of a pre-formed thread, a thread produced from cellulose solution by means of a separate jet, situated in the same coagulating bath at a suitable distance behind the annular jet, may be employed, the spinning, or formation, of the inner thread, and of the tubular thread, proceeding simultaneously. This is illustrated in Fig. 6

of the liquid, and I also avoid interruptions v where the jet 13, for making the internal thread 14, simultaneously with the tubular thread 12, is situated in the same bath (part of which is shown at X) as that in which the tubular thread jet 1, is situated, the thread formed by the jet 13, being led through. the central opening of the jet 1, and into the tubular thread 12, being formed.

According to this invention I also provide a jet especially suitable for spinning tubular, or compound, threads of the kind hereinbefore described, the essential features of which jet are a central passage permitting free access of the liquid of the bath to the interior of the tubular thread as it is formed; a chamber to which the cellulose solution is fed under suitable pressure, and a continuous slit, or orifice, of annular, elliptical, or other shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the required tubular thread, the solution issuing from which slit, or orifice, is exposed freely, both inside, and outside, to the liquid in the bath. The said jet may, for example, be constructed as illustrated in the accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a vertical section-Fig. 2 an elevation with the cap removed-Fig. 3 is an inside view of the cover and Fig. 4 is a section of a modification, wherein the extremity of the projection 3 is cylindrical.

The jet consists of a body part 1', and a screw cap 2, the body part 1, having a conical projection 3, with a conical, or funnelshaped, central opening 4, and an annular chamber 5, into which the supply tube. 6, opens at 7. The cap 2, has a central opening 8, of a diameter slightly greater than the external diameter of the extremity of the conical projection 3, so that, when the cap 2, is in position, there is a fine annular orifice, or slit, around the extremity of the projection 3, communicating with the annular chamber 5, to which the cellulose solution is led under pressure through the supply tube 6. Suitable dimensions may, for example, be a diameter of 2 mm. for the smallest part of the centralopening 8, in the cap, and an external diameter of 1.5 mm. for the extremity of the conical projection at its smallest part, but other suitable dimensions can be employed. The width of the annular orifice, or slit, may be varied by adjusting the screw cap 2. This adjustability, however, is not essential, as the orifice, or slit, may, if preferred, be set permanently at a suitable width.

When the jet is in use the central opening 4, is freely open to the liquid in the coagulating bath and permits of suitable textile fibers being led, if desired, into the interior of the tubular thread formed at the orifice as hereinbefore described. The jet should, of course, be constructed of some material which is not appreciably attacked by either the cellulose solution, or the coagulating liquid. I have found platinum 1. Apparatus for forming filaments of, the type described, comprising a jet nozzle adapted to be immersed in a setting bath and pierced by an aperture open at both ends to the setting fluid in the bath, an annular jet opening surrounding saidv aperture and means for leading to said jet openinga cellulose solution to form, on discharge therethrough, a tubularfilament to both innerand outer surfaces of which the fluid of the setting bath has access, substantially as described.

2. Apparatus for forming filaments of the type described, comprising a jet nozzle adapted to be immersed in a setting bath and pierced by an aperture open at both ends to the setting fluid in the bath, an annular jet opening surrounding said aperture and means for leading to said jet opening a cellulose solution to form, on discharge therethrough, a tubular filamentto both inner and outer surfaces of which the fluid of the setting bath has access, together with means for feeding through said aperture in the nozzle a core filament inclosed by the tubular filament as the latter is formed, substantially as described.

3. Apparatus for forming filaments of the type described, comprising a jet nozzle adapted to be immersed in a setting bath and pierced by an aperture open at both ends to the setting fluid in thebath, an annular jet opening surrounding said aperture and means for leading to said et opemng a cellulose solution to form, on discharge therethrough, atubular filament to both inner and outer surfaces of which the fluid of the setting bath has access, together with means for spinning a core filament in said bath and leading said core filament through the said aperture in the nozzle to form a core for the tubular filament as the latter is formed.

4. Apparatus for forming filaments of the type described, comprising a jet nozzle adapted to be immersed in a setting bath and pierced by an aperture open at both ends to the setting fluid in the bath, an annular jet opening surrounding said aperture and means for leading to said jet opening a cellulose solution to form, on discharge therethrough, a tubular filament to both inner and outer surfaces of which the fluid of the setting bath has access, together with means for spinning a multiple core filament in said bath and leading said core filament through the said aperture in the nozzle to form a core for the tubular filament as the latter is formed.

5. Apparatus for forming filaments of the type described, comprising a jet nozzle adapted to be immersed in a setting bath and pierced by an aperture open at both ends to the fluid of the bath, a cap secured to one face of said nozzle and perforated in register with the aperture in the latter, a chamber inclosed by said cap and an annular discharge opening from said chamber through the cap and surrounding the aperture which pierces the jet nozzle, for the purpose described.

6. Apparatus for forming filaments of the type described, comprising a jet nozzle adapted to be immersed in a setting bath and pierced by an aperture open at both ends to the fluid of the bath, a boss on one side of said nozzle and pierced by said aperture, a cap secured to said nozzle and inclosing therewith a chamber, said cap having a perforation passing over said boss and spaced therefrom to form an annular discharge opening from said chamber to the setting bath, for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEONARD PHILIP WILSON.

Witnesses:

G. F. TYSON, VINCENT GIARDELIJ.