US1175685A - Tachytelegraph and teletype machine. - Google Patents

Description

.LABELINf' TACH'YTELEGRAPH `AND TEU-:TYPE- MACHINE. ,'APPLlcATroN FILED APR.25, 19H.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

zig A V? Y l gp Patented Mar; 14 191.

E. BELIN. TACHYTELEGRAPH AND TELETYPE MACHINE.

Armcmon man APR. 25'. 191|.

Patented Mar. 14', 1916l 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l E BELIN n TACHYTELEGRAPH ND TELETYPE MACHINE. l xlgla'aaf.A

APPLICATION FILED APR.25, |911.

Patented Mar. 14, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET`4.

'WI-@255515`l EDOUARD BELIN, F PARIS, FRANCE.

TAoHY'rELEenArH Ann TELETYPE MACHINE.

i Specification of Letters Patent'. Patented4 31312-14, 1916.

Application filed April 25, 1911. Serial No. 623,328.`

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDQUARDBELIN, acitizen of the Repiiblic of France, residing at- Paris, in the Republic of France,have inyvented certain new and useful Improvee ments in l'l`achytelegraphand Teletype Machines, of which the following is a speciication.

The present invention relates' to a method of transmitting signals for tachytelegraph and teletype systems. A tachytelegraph system will be understood to imply a high 'speed telegraph system, while a teletype system is a telegraphic system for the transmission of typed messages.

Among the requirements set upl by the continual progress in the methods of the dailypress, one of the most important is that of rapid composition of matter from a `distance for foreign or provincial editions of a newspaper which is printed in a capital, or some other large center.

requirement by various inventors, but up to the present no practical solution has yet r come into use because none are exempt from certain defects Which rendern the use of the invention too slow or too complicated,0r both;`

Now the yprimary object of the present invention is vto provide a method and apparatus such that a stereotype of atypographic composition may be very readily made at a distance. Also the stereotype received must be a truecopy of that sent, the cost must be reduced to the minimum, and the trans-v mitting linemust be appropriated' for the smallest possible time, and the operation of the' apparatus must nctrequir'e supplementary Work or special sklll.' The same princ ples and similar arrangements enable an ordinary telegraphic apparatus to be adapted for a maximum rate of operation and output, and adapted to record messages pho-- tographically in roman or any other ,char-A 4acters desired. In both systemsthe correc- -ti'c-n or adjustment ofthe text is possible on a perforated transmitting tape o-r band.

Broadly defined the invention consists of l v automatic transmission by means of va perforated band or tape, the idea of which is already known, but under special conditions which are ofthe greatest importance to Usure rapid Working.

Numerous a tf `tempts have been made to comply with thls In all telegraphic apparatus each' letter is represented by a series of successive impulses and the different letters and cha-racters are distinguished from each other by different combinations of positive or negative, short or long signals. In most automatic systems these impulses are derived from either a series of perfcratic-ns on-the tape or a series of contacts arranged in suc-- cession to one another.' lIn certain of these systems like Bains telegraph or the Pollalc Virag telegraph, the perforations are vari able in length. In others the. number of perforations is greater for long signals than for short and an electrical arrangement at the receiver operatesvto combine a number of closely-spaced impulses into a single one.V

Such arrangements however have, the very serious disadvantages of necessitating a considerable linear displacement of thetape for each character sent and of blcckingthe line for each character sent during the time necessary to send several impulsesl T he first 'of these disadvantages is avoided in the Baudot automatic apparatus in which the .movement of the keyboard is controlledby a series of perforation-s u'pon a single straight line at right-angles to the direction of motion of the tape, but the second disadvan-v` tage is also present in this apparatus.

The present invention is designed to prof4 duce an apparatus which requires for any character only a single impulse of curi-ent sow' and an amc-unt of displacementof the'tape V corresponding to the widthofa ,single perforatron. Hitherto these automatic apparatus have required a special machine for' the perforation of the tape or band. The present invention however, provides a machine in which the tape or and isv perforated either directly by the 4action ofthe keyboard of the composing machine as fast' as the composition is carried out, or by means of a machine resembling the ordinary type. Writer. It is this feature'vvhi'ch enables thev text represented by the perforations to be;

corrected either upon" the tape itself, or

upon a detachableblockcr cunterfoil: -The present invention furtherproduces a machine in vwhich each ofthe charCters is transmitted by means of a single signal', eah

signal being ofthe same duration "so that distinction is madebetween them bythestrength of thecurrent impulses. strengths of the'currentA selected are those in coin on use in telegraphy. The;v iarealuiays great tual and self-induction'. l y

The present in v entuni also,I produces combinations of mounting as; hereinafter setv forth order to. avoid. complexity in vthe perforating'and transmitting members. and in order not t gire the'tape too' great a "l ry-paratus'basedionthe strengthsof thecurrent impulses, requires in addition V to an eX- trafresistaiice at vthe extremity of the linegan automatic arrangement for regulating the resistance of this line. f A suitable arrangez ment is set out iii my PatentNo. 1.0585533,

'j filedon thel Q0th-December 1911'.`

The method off'constructionand of opvgerationof thexinipr'o-ved system isdescribed kin connectioiiwith the accompanying draw-- ings in which-r f v f: r.Figure 1r is' a'plan and Fig. Qan' end ele- .fvation of the' transmitting apparatus.v Fig.

3 is a diagrammatic plan' View of the receiver as a whole: Fig. 4v shows the disposition, off/the ldetails of the y"receirer' and the driving lmechanism of the vvarious Lparts thereof.` l BIechanismffor changing' the kind v Ofa-lpliabetin'use is shown in detail in'Figs.

6,7', 8, 9y and 10. Fig. 11 shows a'g'eneral View of -a construction of apparatus for keeping the'transmitter and receiver-'in synfchronism. yFigliv is at diagrammatic View y of a-t'riction clutch.

"aReferring now rto Figs. '1 and 2er the y' drawings, the 1, transmitter isz composed suby stantially cfa horizontal cylinder composed vof ten cylindrical disks 15, 16,17, 18 `and19 '.,offeq'ual ydiameters and insulated from one "-1 anotheifby thin washers;V Brushes 15",v 16',

*.ill; 18g/19 of inetalor carbonbear upon and beneatheach otthese' cylindrical disks,

and.` eighteen 'brushes 15'?, 16, 17., 18, `19 .hear on the`y cylinders. Nine o'f'these i v4cylindrical disks I6, l", 1S and .19T-arent l' the same width and the tenth 15,1is 'nine tirnels'broaderthan.the1 others, The eighteen f brushes are equal.andequally spaced. Nine of `'them-,15" rest on theiwide cylindrical kvdisk v1.5. The perforated bandor tape which is preferably formed by a machine fof the Y kindset o ut ,ininr pending-application No.

666915, filed on vthe 20th December 1911, is guided by. parallel rollers and drawn for- 4ward as described in that application'byT two l pressure rollers operated by the cylinder .with 'which they are-connected .by .a belt o1' by Agear wheels. It. thus-passes between the cylinder and the upper brushes. f Two of these cylindrical disks (16) are intended for determiningV the .direction of the current.

They. arenrranged at the two ends ofi-the @winden jFiuerdislis 17 are ,intended forinserting a Asuitable ,resistance into the line ie effects I of inucircuit. .They therefore ac tJ to determine the strength of the liiie-ciiiieiit. The broader \disk 15 is intended to determine the voltage y ltive 'respectiifelli'g serre as sources of electrical width. The satisfactory working of an apsupply. The battery P has its positive pole connectedv with the upper. brush resting on the disk '16. The bru'sli'j16 -bearing on the underneath of this disk is connectedto earth -ortoan'insulated ret'urnLf-The negative batteryf'isconnected 'in'tlie's'ame way. The bat tery P is shown as vdi'videdinto nine groups, each Yofthe nine 'negative terminals being connected with one of the brushes 15,re'string ontheI top of the broader disk '151.' Thenine positive terminal-sof the battery v'are connected with they same brushes and lin the same order'. i Vbrush bears. Itselectrica-lly connected Awith thetive brushes 17 bearing upbn'the Beneathfthe` disk 15a single underneath portion of ,the fire disks 1T for detei'iiiiningtliestrength 'of the linefcii'rrent. A resistance 7' (see particularly Fig. '2) cal- `ciilated in .terms ot' the voltages employed vandthe .maximum 'resistaneeothe line is "employed to *ary the ci'irrent by 'half vmil- 'lia'mperes and is inserted bet'ii'een'each of 'these brushes 17 a'sqsliownk in Fig. l. f

The five brushes .17 :bearing on th'eupper'suritace of the-live-'disks 17 arezconiiected together andalso tothe bru'slieslS *rangement is .in .operation tl'ie'stii'p perfo rrated inthe .manner vsetout in inyfapplica' tiong'Serial 1No.666915, referred-to aboveis caused topass under teiisionalong---theicywhole of Vtlieupper brushes 15`to 19. Of

fthe three holes 'perforated-the first `places r :one of the cylinders 16 and yconsequently the corresponding battery into circuitvin order .to determine the direction ofcurrent, while the other cylinder lrenia'ins insulated by the. tape: The second'perforation places the 'y .potential cylinderjbl yinto circuit, lconnecting to it a brush. corresponding toa given elec'troniot-ive force and the third'perfora- -tion allowsthe current to passito the linel L after having passed .byfwa'y of one "of the .cylinders 3J through 'the additional selected resistance r. .To -suniyup,' in the case'- of positive direction of .curientl .,ieri. exampl`ef i `thel current passes` from a given negative disk 16 and brush 16". The current which" is sent out by the synchronizing key is the greatest currentin one of the two ldirections., and therefore only requires' two perforations for its transmission, that is one perforation to decide, the direction of the current and the other for transmitting maximum voltage because no additional resistance is needed. The current sent o-ut by the alphabet changing key is a similar current in the opposite direction.

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 3 in lwhich a. receiver of the improved system is shown which4 may be consideredas totally free from self-induction, this it iS welll known is a necessary conditlon for rapid transmission. `Essentially there is a convergent lens or photographic objective L, also a. screen E at right-angles to the axis of this lens.' The normal4 image of an illuminated element AB of this screen appears at a, b. However if a plain mirror m be varranged parallel to the axis of the lens L in the course of the pencil rays from A, B,

the image of the latter is reflected to a', b',

instead of being shown at a, b. This image e', b', may lie-arranged to be upon the axis of the llens L, upon the opposite side to the screen E. Also the `mirr0r m may be arranged so that the center of the image a', b liesat the optical center of the` lens L. Also the mirror may-be arranged so that the image of the element A, C, next to the element A, B, coincides with the image a', b. In order to carry this out the rays from A, C

are reflectedbythe mirror fm parallel with' .the mirror m and placed behind it in such a A manner that the incident pencil of rays and the reflected pencil y'just touch the edges of i said mirror without encountering it. The

receiver asa whole 1s composed of a very'. 'dead-beat galvanometer G such as for iinstance is employed in Blondels oscillograph, and a"'po.werful and constantsource of light F' throwing"an image of a square lapertures upon the mirror H of the oscillographs.. fTheoscillograph.mirror H is adaptedtofilluniinate Vthe screen E, and'if the oscillograph isof the kind in which there is a slight separation of the coils the pencil' of rays'r'eflected by its mirror H may be f suitably reflected by the series of mirrors M M2, thus spreading the pencil of rays in order to illuminatethe whole screen. The

opaque screeiiE carries alongA a horizontalV line, letters, gures and signs of the alphabet." These characters are cut out in the screen and backed with a suitable ground glass K.

The photographic lens L and the small mirrors m, m', m2 and fm3 are arranged as abovel described. signs of the alphabet tend to form their image at the optical center of the lens L as above set out. The 'adjustment of the mirrors although there is a large number of them, -is comparatively simple because they are all parallel. vTheir vertical axes are all on the same straight lineandthe images of the' characters are not absolutely contiguous \owing to the spacing on athe screen,so that by' the resulting position of the incident land reflected rays, the size of the mirrors I'nay be approximated so as not to interfere with each. other. However in that case the aberration due to refraction must be corrected and the adjustment of the vmirrors is very simple as above described in spite of their large number, and once adjusted they need never get out of correct position except iii czise of accident.

The receiving apparatus operates as follows: A definite current is transmitted from the line to the leads pot' the oscillograph, and the mirror H of the latter is deflected according to the direction and strength of the current and so illuminates the desired character on the screen. Hence at that instant the image of that characterionly is formed at the optica-l center of the lens L, and this image is as sharp as that produced in` any ordinary photographic apparatus. At this point O the photographic surface for' recording the message transmitted is arranged. lt should be pointed `out that the -letters on the screen E must be reversed in two senses, that is to say they must be upy side down and run from right to left so that the photographic objective L, U may correcty them. The movement of the photo- As a consequence all the rie anism for when setting up a newspaper the characters mustbe printed in lines one below the other to form columns. For this a horizontal. movement is first required followed by a vertical movement and then a fresh horizontal movement in the same direction as the first and so on. ,In a teletype machine the band of paper R of sensitive lm is-of'the same width aS, the column of the newspaper to be rinted. It remains stationary during the printing of each line, the images of consecutive characters being caused "to followl one another and to be placed side by side by means of the rotated ,and oscillated mirror S. An .oscillated mir- /ror is' illustrated in Fig.. 1.its movement 'being governed by the rotation of a cam T of spiral form.- When it is released it al reflected image will be,l on `a cylinder, the

axis of which coincides withv the axis of-Viog tation of the mirror, and therefore the iinpression will not be` clear because. it is out offocus. Iii-order to remedy this the focal length of the .lens L and consequently the V. position .of the image a', fb', is modified lby Y the interposition oithe rdivergent leiisgU y which transfers the image a', bf,v t0 aj, bf.

The mirror S is arranged in-,the path oi this broadened pencil of' rays., .y .i f y In order to .correct` tli'e focusing `on vthe stripli it is necessary to modify the posi-' n tion of ktlie'lensU in accordance with the U must be nearestthefmirror S when the angulai position of the mirror S. IThe lens latter is viii its mid-,position and .farthest away in the twoend positions.`V Figa illusn stratesa Adevicefor carrying this-condition of'aiiai-rs into eiect The Ylens U works in guides V, and its movements are controlled itsaxis and a -reslrlinex is. printed below l l' byu-"a fconnecting `rod Y connectedfwithan i eccentric' Z mounted on the aXis';\V,-' about Whichthe mirror S turns. l.fWhen a line of neivspaper-i-s printedtl-iesensitive band .R

isshifted from the spapeofl onelinealong fthe previous. one. The displaceineritoffthe Y sa mirror lSpand the band R may be carried outby meansfof an electric :motor 50..-The

f two movements may ibe-..made independent.v For example the `-spindlee-l of the rolleryl over which the-bandfR passes'ma'y be geared to the-motor driving the mirrors .so that on a completel rotation of the latter the band R. may` be moved" forward Vonef tooth. f The ,n sensitivey film orphotographic paperRis i Wound on aereel 51 and vin order tof-be printe thel paper is passed kvthrough a dish `52 of" slightlyy exidizable-'developer such as nietol'. When itis desired to change the :alphabet 45'v edit moves-past 'a longitudinal Window ofthe same height asfthe characters and the same. length as a line of` a column, and then the-nieclianisin shown in Figs. 51 to 10 is employed.- As theniuetycliaracterscapable of beingv transmitted without cha-ngen of alpliabet are all placed fiirafsingleline the f opaque screen di ma;v fior-the sake/'of con'' 50j i'eiiience ,be made .as a cylindrical 'surface and' several al Jhabets mav be arranged iarf.

" aiidbiushesl. 18," inthe Vtransmitter act upon a ratchet. 21 in. thesanie directionalf forward of the-screen Thus each actuf ation' of the electroiiiagnet places' in line the generating line of the nextal'l'ihabetlx lili` l therefore we strtwvvith the alphabet yI and six following actuations (the ratchet liastwelveteeth) return tlieinto their original position by causing. them .to `pass in, the

order VI, V, IV, IIL-II, I. i Suitable `gearingis provided. for `bringing about this movement. `Two-Wheels 24,125, toothed over a halt of theireirci'imference, and ofsucli a` .diameter thatpthishalf.circumference has the same, length as `the ytoothed /Asector turning. the, alphabet cylinder ,through` an` angle 'corresponding to the oscillation, are keyed uponzthe shaft 22 of'theratoheti.. The first of these VvWheels 2l engages with a` toothed sector y26. mounted on the yspindle Y23 l ofthe cylinder., E, Thegoth'ervheel 25 engages Witlra wheel27 Whiehis-itselfin engagelment with a second toothed-sector 28 on the spindle v23. f1 Thesmooth :portions "a y Y. .Yj l:of tli'ekcircumferenoe of thelwheels `24:,"25 mustallovvl the. teeth of the sector y26, and of the actuatedwheel 27 vto'pass.

In Figfais shown anfarrangementior the operation of.. the' sector? Y2Gv oi. the cylinder.;f,-Fig.x6 shows .the arrangement vof the two ,sectors P26,` 28rv and ithei intermediate wheel-:21m end view. Fig; 7 is'anf'edge view of lthe two wheels 24:` and'25," theorie being direotlyengaged With-the sector 2G, and -the1otlien being disengaged from the sector 28fand ,engaged witlithe Wheel 27. In Fig. 8. thezalphabet Iis in a `position for use.; When the toothed are o: turns in they directionsliown bythe arrow the alpha` hets-IL-III; IV, V, VI, VII will take the place; ofi-alphabet I zinuorder. As seen in Fig.` 9 the:,alpha'bet' VII ris iii-.position for use :and lthe vwheel 2e hasjust becomedisengaged 'from the sector 26, the Wheel 25 entering into engagement with 27 and turns in the directionshown'bv thearroiv in order .y to causethe al'pliabetsiVI, V, IV, III, II, I

to take lthe place of alphabet LVII in order. yThe ratchet2l `musthave a number of teeth equal to twiceA the number'of the alphabets less `,t\vo:.(i"or fseverrf alphabets there are twelve teeth).1`4r y. 1 y f "uThe system justdescribed has tlieadv'antage ,that the-alphabet--screen Eis given lregular displacements buty ina lsimplified 22. Then-.if the ratchet*Wheel has equal u y teeth the .connecting rod will. push the Y ways and produce 1n every revolution ot this ratchet a complete oscillation backward .andl

screen u'pward;..and cause it to descend in definite steps. The alphabets on' the screen.

spaces oi'i'the yscreenmaybe made equ'alif i I byf acam of 4suitable contour. In order to make this operation: more clear assume the following." example: The matter composed passes from the alphabet ,II tothe alphabet VI.v For this the compositor operates the alphabet key i perforator four times in succession. The makes four successive holes 1n .the tape and then in-its turnthe transmitter sends four impulses of maximum current in one direction which act four timeson the electromagnet and turn the ratchet 2l yby fourl teeth.` The alphabet cylinder there# fore advances four stages, the alphabet VI taking the place ofl'the alphabet. II.k Or

' the alphabet alphabet he must` make as many contacts as I alphabet II.

`fourth movement however, 25.

. together lthe the film R is adjusted to fast.l n It drives these members by means of again assuming that the matter composed basto pass from'- tor operates the alphabet key nine times in succession. The `perforator makes nine holes and as before the ratchet turns the cylinder through. nine stages.` After the the toothed arc which is acting releases one of the two wheels 26, 28 and the'other is engaged. The last five movements of the ratchet cause the alphabet cylinder to turn backward so Vthat. VII is replaced in turn' by the alphabets VI, V, IV, III, III. In this arrangement there are no complicated mechanical parts capable of being put out of order such as cams, springs and the like, and it has the further advantage of preventing ccmpositors errors. The compositor need only -know -that' for `any change .of

are necessary for passing to the maximum number' of alphabets, andthen pass vdown to the .one he desires. In the second' of the above two examples he need only count in order to go from three to two, V, V, VI.. VII, VI, V,'IV, III, II.- This calculation be vavoided by arranging on the keyboard as. many special keys as there are valphabets and connectingV them all electrically. vIt will thenbe sufficient to touch them all from the one previously used down to thejlast on the right and then to'returnY similarly toward `the Aleft until the one corresponding to the fresh alphabet desired is reached.

` 4With apparatus such as is above described an arrangement forA synchronizing the-re'- ceiver andtransmitter is evidently not indispensable because the only eifeot Vof differ? ences` in spec? betweenfthe transmitter-and b e to separate out or close characters from one another, but preferablV and it assists in preventing the addition of errors. For this purpose the motor driving the rotating or oscillating mirror S and travel slightly too receiver wou the alphabet III to the' To obtain this the compositi treating the sheets this disadvantage is avoided la friction gear and 56 solas not to be l special perforation so that the brush 19 transmits the requisite strength of current.

- As the receiver has a tendency to run t'oo vfast the cam 31 of the disk 30 meets the soy hook 32 of the armature and the system is. I

stopped while the motor continues to revolve. At this moment however, the syn chronizing current is sent to line. The relay 34 acts to close the circuitof the electromagnet 39, cam 32 is released and the system resumes its course until it `is stopped again. The whole arrangement is of course carried out so that the correcting shaft only makes one revolution between two transmissions of the^- synchronizing current. A suitable form of friction clutch is shown in Fig. 12; It con sists of two plates 35 and 36 with or without an india-rubber plate arranged between them. The driven plate 36 is forced against the driving plate 35 by elastic rings 37 adjusted by tightening up the nut 38. The more the nut is tightened -up the more the rings are compressed.

its armature 83 is attracted, the

The typographie form 1s made by photoi,

gravure. The film which is rendered negative by way of countertype, as hereinbefore described, is applied to strips 'of zinc slightly larger than a column of a newspaper and rendered sensitive by an ordinary process, such as the so-callcd bitumen process. This bandof zinc is insulated and then engraved. The .various bands are' dressed in the etching machine and placed together after having been separated by strings. The matrix is then formed by'.

thus formed like ordi- .nary compositions. As the perforated band is formed at the same time as the composition, and as-thephotographic impression of the' characters is the interpretation of the Aperforated band, it is evident that the result will be the exact reproduction 0f the original composition. The following conditions the-text, the compositor must suitably displace the perforated tape byI directly actuas the matrices iinitof the charge. The Width of the tape vating the e'lectromagnet for displacingthe i 1 I perforator by the special key. This movement i's vin fact the `same as that which insures the displacement of the cylinder in trpeivnting machines. When av large space is1tofhe reserved for an illustration, the com- V"posit'oij has only'to transmit v'aconventional word and indicate the number of lines to be reserved. The' setter-up at the receiving *st ation then knows that he must cut out his vzinc a't'thisplace andfivhat size of "space he# rmust reserve?? `-siderab1eseeing that the' transmissiom'is done automatically and with a sinlglemis- -2o The' arranJei'nent;of 4the electric per/f0- rator enables the tapeV to be perforatedwvhen iso Y All the 'fbregoing considerations apply in a similar manner-'to the arrangementof a 'telegraph apparatus 'for Ithe ordinary re-y 1' quirements of transmission vof telegrams.`

But the rate ofwel-king may then vbe con- 'writing the text of thev telegram with a 1 ltypewritingr iiiaciiine resembling in all points an" Aordinary machine, the 'keys of which uwhen depressedv also closey the necessary electric contacts'. as setout in the pending application :hereinbefore referred to.

vThis arrangement has several important.

advantagesof which the following are the 'chiefz-l. ny one can himselfniake 'his transmission tape Without tools or supple- -Inentary work'. 2. The text may be correctchine when the keys are depressed.

ed and this 'correction is performed by the normal Working of the typewriting ma- This justification or correction which is handed "in at the'fteiegraph oice window at the same time asthe tape. may hare been -pre'4V rions-lv appliedto the -copyof the letter. 4. From -the. point of' vieu' of the charge, seeing that all the characters correspond to i thesamejlincarl .lsplacementof the perforatedjband;"thecharge may lie-logically madeaccording' tothelen't'th of the tape.`l that is to' say, to `the number of letters. Fory this reason and in "order to facilitate read'- l ingr, the, tapes may bedivided andsubdiriclefl.`each .division thus' representing a must eridentlv beA agreed upon and =the State' might eren reserve `the sale to itself. Under these conditions customershaye only 5 to handin their baud at the telegraph oiiicev Window. 'i The employee; for .Whom no Special competency is necessarv. ivillonly'have whichis'al'wa'rs in motion;

69 mitted. and may he retained. The tirst'ef- 1 l. to cause .the band -to enten thev tra usmitter Y It emerges .of itself."immediately ,they message is transfect of the despatchef a telegram at the receiver is to start the motor 5f) bv the energizing of the electro-'magnet 58 Fig. l)

andV thereby. the Arelease of :in automatic switch such as diagranimatically illustrated one direction and between at Fig. 4 and the telegram is received photo graphed in roman characters on a tape reserr'ilolii'igl in all points the tapes at presenti.- inr use for telegrains.-

The tachytelegraph is simplerin con-rv struction than the teletype ,machine in av number of ways.. For example in the 'tachytelegraph it is no longer necessary to v provide for change of alphabet nor for synf chronizing.

also as Well all the parts in connectionv withY 'these functions' at the 'receivingv station. i

Hence ltivo' disks of thetransf' y mitter cvl'inder are dispensed with, also two of' the electromaenets of the prforator and;

Lack of synchronizing only has the eiiect of a variation in the'respective spacing of tWo letters on the telegraphic tape. However the perforation's for synch ronizing and for change of alphabet must .be absent if v -thewcharge is levied by unit of length .of

tape. Also as thejimpression takes place at'ptlie rece1ver`on an endless tape and no. longerv in columns, the revolving mirror 1s no longer required. The motor has only'to},

cau'se the sensitive band to lmove forwardV in `nl continuous and uniform manner by ac,- tuatine' twoypressure rollers. All the letters form their image at the same place 011- thel principal axis. Further the printing may be done positively on very sensitive jpaner. As teleera'phic messages do not reouire ninety characters, the number of `tparts of' the perforator and transmitter lmav be simplified. Bv having recourse, for f 1,0. a.

instance, as vin the Baudot machine to thirtystivosigns it will` sufiice to have four f f potential'brushes and four intensity disks.'`

Sixteen' di tferent strengths of current in.

eachdirection or thirty-two in all, are thus obtained. 'Under these yconditionst-he trans-L` mitter* onlV comprises ten brushes instead" of eighteen and seven disks instead of ten.

The Width of theband may also' be propor- Y tionatelyV diminished.- station sixteen mirrors are sufficient on each side ofthe principal axis. Finally the con tiguous values ofthe 'strength .of current At the receiving lid lemployed may be more widely separated.

and'it'is then ea y to arrange a diRerence of '1 to 1.2 milliz peresbetween two adjacent values of the current. By taking il() milliamperesy asthe initialA valueiorfl vmi-lliamjperes difference. the current varies between +10 and^|292 milliamperes inf.'

K-l() and 29.9. in 'thef other direction.

I declare amtiwhat I @nim isis 1. 'In atransmitter for a tachytelegraph or teletype machine, the vcombination of a" perforated b'and punctiire'd Withnsets of three perforations`r the .perforationsof-eachfff` set beine,` arrange'din the same straight lineat right-angles to the edfeof the ban-d, a source of'current and electrical means controlled by the perforated band for control- .II-l.

lingthe direction, voltage and strength o the current impulses. i

2; In a` transmitter for a tachytelegraph or teletype machine, "the combination of a perforated band punctured with y sets of threeperforations all of equal size, the per- `foratiorns of eachset being arranged in the same straight line at right-angles to the edge "of the banda` pluralityr of concentric conducting cylinders of equal diameter arranged with theirend surfaces parallel but y insulated from each other and, adapted to allow` the perforated` band to 'pass over a generating line thereof, a plurality of brushes resting on thesaid band and adapt-` ed gto `make contact lWith their underlying Cylinders through the perforations in the -said band, a line, a source of electricsupply connected` thereto, and electrical connectlons y from the line and from the source of electriofsupply to `the said brushes and to and `betvveen the said cylindersto enable theperforated band to control thedirection` voltage and strength of the current impulses,

i 3."In a transmitter for aV tachytelegraphorrteletype` machine, the combination of a "perforated band punctured with sets of `three perforations all of equal size, the perforations of each set being arranged in the same straight line at right-angles `to the edge of the bandaaplurality of concentric conducting cylinders of equal. diameter ar- I ranged with their endsurfaces parallel but insulated from each other and adapted to `allow .the perforated band to pass over a 1 generatingV line thereof, a plurality ofy i brushes `resting onthe said band and adapted to Amake contact Withrtheir underlying cylinders through the perforations in the said band, a line, a resistance in series therei `vvith, `two sources of electricity having tWo pairsfof the brushes connected'with the positivejand negative terminals thereof, and "having a series of the brushes connected 'to the C successive elements of both the said y, sources `of electricity, a series of the brushes being, also connected to the line for varying i "ratedband to control` the direction, voltage "rrandrstrength ofthe current impulses.

"the line resistance,electrical'connections to said cylindersand resistant connections between said cylinders to enable 'the perfo- "iLfL'Infa tachytelegraph `or teletype ma- `band for controlling the' direction, lvoltag chine'the'combination of a line, a source for supplying current thereto, a perfgra-ted fand strength of `the current impulses, a

Meo,

oscillograph for receiving the said impulses {fromthe line, a screenl bearing charact rs "adapted to be illuminated one b'y one by the mirror ofsaid oscillograph, and means for so illuminated.

, 5L In a tachytelegraph or teletype ma-- vchine, the combination of a transmittega photographic'ally recording the characters 4 ``With perforated band adapted to` control the di-A rection, voltage and strength of-the current impulses sent by the transmitter, an oscillograph for receiving the current impulses from the transmitter, a screen containing all the characters to be transmitted and illumi- .nated one by one by the mirror of said oscillograph, a series of lenses and mirrors .arranged to form an image of any character illuminated at. a fixed point and a photographic surface passing through said point v,

image. y u y 6. In' a teletype machine the combination of a transmitter, a perforated band and adapted to receive an impression of said" adapted to control the direction, voltage and strength of the current impulses sent by the transmitter, a screen bearing the characters to be transmitted, electrical means controlled by said current impulses for illuminating said characters, a series of 'lenses andmirrors arranged to form-an image ofv any character illuminated -at a-iried point, a photographic surface passino through said point and adapted to receive anin'ipression of said image, and an oscillating mirror for throwing the successive images ofthe chan' acters to be printed in lines running transversely across said surface.

7. yIn a teletype machine the combination of a transmitter, a perforated band adapted to control the direction, voltage and strength of the current impulses sent by the transmitter, a screen `bearing the characters to 'be transmitted, electrically operated means for illuminating said characters, a series 'of lenses and mirrors varranged to form Aan image of any character illuminated at a fixed point, a photographic surface passing ythrough said point and adapted to receivean impression of said image, an oscillating mirror 'adapted to throwsaid image on to the photographic surface, and a helical cam y i adapted to turn said oscillating mirror slowly inone direction andthen instantaneously in the other direction.'

8. In a.receiver for a teletype machine, I

the combination of ari-oscillo-graph, a cylindrical screen, a series -of alphabets 'of 'c h'arL" acters on the screen arranged along .gener- 1 ating lines of the-cylinder, means operatedV fby the said oscillograph for illuminating the 'teletype machine,

handr formed With. sets of threeI perorat-iens,

arranged ii'vitl'i vtheirend ,siirfaces 'parallel theperforations of eachl set beingl arranged tlie'edge of 'the'.loand,` a line, a source ofjelec trical .supply j thereto. and electricalmeans `controlled Vbyv the "perforated -floandl for com trolling .the direction,y voltage and= strength iterations in tli'e'said hand,f,t\\jo sources of ofthe current iinpulsesL in the fline, an 'osc'illograph for receiving the Vsaid impulses from Vthe lline, a screenbeari'ngcharactersi terminals thereo'ffan'd vli'avinga series of the adapted; tofy bef illuminated `'one by one; hyA means' of saidy oscillgraph, and `means for;

fphotographically recoi'fdir'ig the f character.y

soillni'ninated.` f. ji s rl1, A tachytelegraphor,teletype machine,felectricalconnections toffsaid cylinders and comprising inv ,combinationfga lj.p'erfo'rated series ofthe briisliesheing also .connected 1 all'l'ofl equal' size, th'e perforationsI-of veach ,set'being arranged fini the 'saine' straightline, at'rightfangle'sjto the ed'geof tl 1`e band,fa plurality .of concentric conducting cylinders ofeqnal diameter y arranged `with 'their end is'urfaces parallel butinsulated from, each other, andadaptedfto allowztheperforated `o 'any ch'ara'cteriilluminated at a vfixed "bandito `pass' over a generating line thereof,

a series -o=`brnshes resting onthe said, band and-adaptedt inakecontact Withtlieirnnoscillating` mirror throwing the succesderlyingcylinders"through theperforatioiis l sire iinages ofthe characters-to be 'printed "in the'said band.; t%line,*a -source of electric supplyconnected thcretm andelectri'cal connectionsfronithefline and'from thefsource `offelectric'supp'llyto thersai'dl brushes, and y'tionof a perforated'bandjforineil Withsets to `and between the said cylinders to i enab le the'perfoifated hand to vcontrol the direction,

` rentiimpulses,v a screen "bearingrv thecharacpulses,` an oscillograplifor receiving the current inipulsesffronijhe line-,a screen` bearing;` all tlief` characters -tohe` transmitted adapted to Vbe illuminated r'byk ythe oscillograph', ,a series of Alenses-'fand: `mirrors arf ranged Vto lform an ima'geofgany character i illuminated at 'a fixed point anda-photof graphic surface. 'adapted to 'receivey an iin-r co'ntrolled by the perforated lia-nd for conof current inipulses givenoiit troni said supimpulses, r'a'. cylindrical screenI a series ot generating lines of the cylinder'. and adapted to be illuminat'eflfby, the,'(is'cillogi'apli, and meansr for .rotajtnigthe VvScreen in order to pression of said image.: "1712;, Af t'eletype machine" oinprisingin` kombination" a" ltransinitter a; vperforated hand`4 adapted to control the direction,K fyolt# i age' and strength* off cnrren'tf'impulses `sent byl the transmitter; an oscillograph-for ref "eiiing' the said` impulses trom` the trans-' vv "mitten a' cylindrical screen; aserieszof .alfpha'bets Lof characters on v the `screen-.ar- .ranged alongfgnerating lines of. thercylin-- ler'. and adapted tohe illuminated by said scillograpln fand i means for rotating, the index; in, order tdlirin'g' oneorfotherff lthe"alpl'iahetfsarranged thereon, ntf'the `operativeposition;

. 13.1A; teievype machine f compris combination a perforatedjhand forniil "sctsof `,three perforations all 'ofequal (0,' "the, per'forations ol" each 'setflieig ai-Banged [the saiiiejstraight' line :wright-angles to lge of tliehantl. a plurality of coneenefcurrent laf-ii having a vv'dilierent predeter-V thereon intooperative position.'

o f'soiircesofelectric currenti each haw'iifigr a different predetermined voltage aiirl11li'i`erj' n itiidef:m l direction, connectin'ni such source of z'cn'rrentacross .the ,line incircuit with a.

iig in "ront tothe`= 'line correspontlin'gto the signal t rushes y connected tothe 'successiie elements of boththefsaid soiir'cesgof electricity, a

vto the line for vai-ying 'the rline resistance,"-

, resistant connections between said cylinders yhandforn'iefl WithSets ofthr'eeperforations i to enahle theperforated hand to control they v' direction;voltagejand strength 'ot the cur! ponfa af-phot'ogijaph'ic surface adapted to receive an impressionofqsaid iinageand an' injlinesrunning transyersely across said 14.111 a' teletypeVinachine.` the comhinaof three Vrpei-felations,K4 the rpertor'ations vot reach set being arranged Vin tiie saine'straight f WO1/ge nd- :Streng'th1nthe' current lini-` line at right-angles tothe edge of the band.

as'ource of electrical supply, electrical means trollingthe'd yec'tion"` Voltage .and strength ply, anoscillograph adaptedfto receive said characters on the screen arrangeiil 'along' 15. Ay -inethod of transmitting signals for, tachytel-egraph or teletylie systems which` consists inselectinni, any one cfa plurality 'ing i'iroin one another both as regards imag` comprising y,inl combination a l perforated tric coiidnctinglcylinders 4"of-equal diameter ,but insulated" from' each other a-ndallmying iii-jthe saine straight `linei'at right-,angles tofihe perforatedband:to'lpassax'ially 'over its ssnifa'ce, .a series r ot'v hi'nsliesmesting' oi'i 'tl'ie said band Aand'adapted to'niali'e Contact with their underlying cylinders;through the pervelectricity lnav'ing-twopairsof the'brushes connected ."with ther positive. andA` negative f ,tersto he'transinitted, electrical ineans eon- A trol'led by the' saidr current inipi'ilses tor'illu-v minating "said 'characters a. Hseries of llenses and' niirrors'farranged to 'form the iniage.

bring'one or otheriof the alphabets ari-angedV resistance of selected-value, and choosing the v"\' l t :igfes and!resistanijes so .that everyl selecf ,tionfsenrls'a differentdefinite, Value of cur-` injed voltagevarying both as regards mag- `t` de or "lirecton,` aplura'lity of` resistances predeterniined value and ai Contact mak* igtddevice adapted Ito select `one `of said )u les "of electric f current, andttoi] select sistan'ce ofl predetermined@value andi con- Ehcsfe circuit with `the"l line,\ and a carving station haring a responsive `device liftedtollielractuateddiferently for each termined `value of icurrentgsent through ne l'nf'ivhich thesignal may beidetected, joltagesi and resistances` of" the transng stationheing sochoserith'at every l Jon sends amdeimte value1 of u current f a tran`sniitter`-ineludinaa `nlurality of ces of` electric current` each having'- a i'erent predetermined lVoltage` varying rfas regards gniagnitude` or direction, a, urality "ofresistances' of "predetermined lejand acontactz making ydevice adapted to elect one of said so'urcesof` nt "andf a resistance of* predetermined l1y and` connect` these infcircuit with the ,"ithe `l` `voltages and resistances of" the eryfselectionseridsla definitie value of curthe lineic'orresponding tothe signal to. l

electric curansmittzn'g t stationv i being "sofichosen that' to be transmitted. v

18. In a tachytelegraph or teletype ma-v lchinea a plurality of sources of electric current, i each havinga different predetermined voltage both as regards magnitude and din rection,

determined' 'value in eircuittwith the line, a lreceiver comprising a responsive device connected to the line and adapted to be actuated differently for every `combination of a plurality of having `a different predetermined voltage both as regards.magnitudwandv direction and 'of the plurality of resistances of predeberminedv'alue placed in4 circuit with the lin ,aa r vcaber provided with a `plurality of distinct: .e characteristics and means adapted to cause the co-action of said responsive device with said member at positions having characteristics corresponding to the signals transmitted.

ln Witness whereof, 'baile hereunto signed my name this 12th day of May, 1911,

sources of electric current eacir a plurality of resistances` of prein the presence 'of-two subscribing witnesses.

. t EDOUARD BELIN. Witnesses: f

ATONIN MoN'rEInHm', H. C. CoxE.'

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