US1173079A - Selective tuning system. - Google Patents

Selective tuning system. Download PDF

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Publication number
US1173079A
US1173079A US79799813A US1913797998A US1173079A US 1173079 A US1173079 A US 1173079A US 79799813 A US79799813 A US 79799813A US 1913797998 A US1913797998 A US 1913797998A US 1173079 A US1173079 A US 1173079A
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circuit
oscillations
resonant
grid
cathode
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US79799813A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ernst F W Alexanderson
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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Priority to DENDAT299301D priority Critical patent/DE299301C/de
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Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US79799813A priority patent/US1173079A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1173079A publication Critical patent/US1173079A/en
Priority to GB19196/20A priority patent/GB147147A/en
Priority to FR529012A priority patent/FR529012A/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/16—Circuits
    • H04B1/22—Circuits for receivers in which no local oscillation is generated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the selection of oscillations of a given wave length from mixed oscillations, and comprises systems suitable for tuning out interferences in radio-telegraphy.
  • selective tuning is secured by the use of a plurality of resonant circuits arranged in cascade in such a manner that the selectivity of the system increases in geometric ratio with the number of circuits employed.
  • the selective circuits are respectively interlinked by a relay controlling a separate source of energy to initiate oscillations corresponding to potential oscillations impressed upon the relay.
  • a certain percentage of the disturbances is eliminated in each cir- Pint of the. series. so that the purity of the incoming train of oscillations progressively increases as it is successively relayed.
  • the relay preferably used for this purpose is an electron discharge tube having an incandescent cathode, an anode and a grid.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a modification in the last circuit of the series to intensify the effect of the signals upon the telephone
  • Fig. 3 illus trates a system containing a modified relay responsive to both half waves of an alternating curreut,-and Figs. 4. and 5 illustrate an arrangement in which transformers have been replaced by reactance coils affording direct metallic connection between successive circuits.
  • the electromagnetic waves received by a grounded antenna 1 areimpressed upon a resonant circuit including the primary of a transformer and a condenser 3.
  • the secondary of the transformer is loosely coupled with the primary and is connected by means of conductors 5 and 6 with an electron discharge tube 1 such, for example, as described in co-pending applications, Serial Nos. 795,609 and 795,610, filed on October 16, 1913, by Irving Langmuir.
  • This particular type of device operates with asubstantially pure electron discharge, and comprises usually an incandescent cathode, and an unheated gas-free anode in a very highly evacuated space, the vacuum being so high that gas ionization by collision is substantially absent.
  • the conductor 5 is attached to a grid 1 and the conductor 6 to an electron-emitting cathode 0 consisting, for example, of a tung a transformer 12.
  • the anode a in the present case is plate-shaped and while it need not necessarily-assume this particular form the circuit 10 between cathode and anode will herein be referred to as the plate circuit
  • the secondary of the transformer 12 is connected to a similar resonant cirduit which in turn controls by means of a similar electron discharge tube II, "a local source of energy, thus setting up-another train of oscillations in circuit tuned to be resonant to oscillations of the same frequency to which (the! circuit 56 is resonant.
  • the voltage oscillations in this circuit control another electron discharge tube III.
  • the waves of various frequencies picked up by" the antenna are transferred by the transformer 2 to a resonant circuit 5, 6, the inductance and capacity of which may be closely adjusted so that the oscillations having the desired frequency have a maximum effect whereas the effect of wave impulses having a, different frequency is suppressed to, say, for example, one-tenth their original value.
  • the resulting voltage oscillations are superimposed upon the definite .negative. potential maintained upon the grid 9 of the electron discharge tube by the battery 9, and this varies theconductivity between the cathode 0 and the anode a in accordance with the variations of voltage.
  • the negative terminal of the battery 9 is connected to the grid.
  • the battery able current the oscillations of which are' in step with the oscillations in the resonant circuit 5, 6.
  • These oscillations are transferred by a transformer 12 to the resonant circuit 13, 14.
  • the latter circuit containing condenser 15 isl also tuned to give full efl'ect to the oscillations of the desired frequency but to be largely opaque to oscillations different therefrom. Assuming that here also the disturbing oscillations are suppressed one-tenth their value it will be seen that they will have been reduced to one-hundredtli'of their original effect when received by the antenna circuit.
  • the oscillations in.
  • thd circuit 13, 14 aresuperimposed'upon the grid potential maintained by the battery 16, also preferably'negative with respect to the grid.
  • the conductivity in the yacuou's space between cathode and anode in the dis charge tube II, is varied by the variations of grid charge, causing variable current to flow infithe primary circuit of the transformer 18 from the battery 17.
  • a third tuned circuit containing a condenser 19, connected to'the secondary of the tran'stormer- 18, the desired oscillations will again have substantially full effect while the disturbance will be once more reduced to one-tenth/itslvalue.
  • the resulting oscillations in whichdisturbances have been reduced to one-thousandth their original value are superimposed in a similar manner upon the potential of the grid circuit,'determined by/a: battery 20.- The variation of grid potential will cause in the same manner, a variable current to be furnished by the battery 21 in a plate circuit 22.
  • These oscillations will surge in and out of -the condenser 23 which has an integrating effect so that a sound may be heard in the telephone receiver 24 for each train of oscillations.
  • the size of the battery may be so arranged as to magnify the effect of the oscillations which are now pract cally free from disturbances and so may be readily distinguished by the telephone receiver.
  • the system. shown in Fig. 2 is similar to that shown in Fig. 1. except as to the connections of a modified receiving apparatus shown in circuit 25. 26.
  • The. battery 20 of Fig. 1 has'been replaced by a condenser 27, shunted by a variable high resistance 28 in series with a source of elertromotive forceas battery .29 which may also be varied.
  • the negative charge acquired by the condenser can leak ofi' faster during the interval between wave trains.
  • a definite positive potential may be impressed upon the grid 9 which enables better control to be obtained, especially with a fine grid, and also serves to neutralize the negative potential impressed upon the circuit by the battery 32.
  • the capacity of the condenser By varying the capacity of the condenser, the high resistance leak and the potential the best conditions may be secured.
  • An additional grid 42 is used in this case connected to the positive terminal of a source of electromotive force, such as a battery 43, the'ncgative terminal of which is connected to the cathode c.
  • This additional grid prevents interfering reacting static effects between the respective grids. It constitutes with the filament a virtual source of electrons, as described and claimed in an application Serial No. 797,956 filed October 29, 1913, by Irving Langmuir.
  • the operation of the system shown in Fi 3 is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, and, therefore, only two resonant circuits connected by a relay have. been shown for the purpose of illustration, but it should be understood that any number of circuits may he used with the same advantage of suppressing disturbances in geometric ratio with the number of circuits used.
  • the oscillations are received from the antenna 1 in a circuit resonant for the particular frequency which is to be. detected.
  • the condenser may be made adjustable.
  • the voltage oscillations imposed alternately upon the negative potentials on the grids g and y causes a variable electron current to flow from the cathode c alternately to anode a and a thereby producing variable currents in the primary of the transformer 41.
  • the oscillations are impressed upon the tuned circuit 45, 46, connected to the secondary of the transformer 41, and the disturbances are suppressed in accordance with the. tuning factor of the circuit as already explained.
  • the signals are detected in a receiving sys tem similar to that described in connection with Fig. 9. and containing an electron discharge tube 47, having an incandescent cathode c, grids g and g and anodes a and (1
  • the condenser 48 shunted by means of the variable resistance 49 and a variable battery 50, is connected to an intermediate point of the secondary of transformer 41, and in that manner to each of the grid circuits 45, 46.
  • This condenser integrates the high frequency oscillations similarly to the condenser connected to the grid circuit in Fig. 2.
  • Thebattery 51 sends variable current alternately to anodes a and a in accordance with the voltage fluctuation of the grids g and 9', thereby producing audible signals in the telephone receiver 52 which is connected to the battery 51 and to the anode conductors 53,53.
  • a direct metallic connection is used between themspective resonant circuits instead of a transformer connection.
  • the plate circuit 54 of the relay tube I is connected to the terminals of the inductance 55 which is also attached to the grid circuits 56 and 57 of the second relay II.
  • Current impulses are transmitted through this inductance coil by battery 59 in step .
  • the inductance of the coil 55 and the capacity of the condenser 60 are adjusted to make the grid circuit of the relay .II resonant to the same frequency as the grid circuit of the'relay I.
  • the disturbances are progressively suppressed as the oscillations are transferred from circuit to circuit as already described.
  • the signal may be finally detected by a suitable receiving instrument, buchj as the telephone receiver 61 connected .in shunt "with a condensed 62tothe plate circuit 63,
  • the Oscillations produced in the circuit 69 tuned to the particular frequency which is to be selected, impresses voltage fluctuations upon the grids g and g which are maintained at a given negative potential by the battery 70 and thus causing a variable current to flow from the cathode c to the anodes a 'anda'in an electron tube R, such as already described above, in connection with Fig. 3.
  • the resulting variable current which is in step with the oscillation in the resonant circuit 69. pulsates in the induct ance coil 71.
  • the terminals of the coil 71 V are connected to the anode circuits 72, 73,
  • a battery may be used in place of the condenser 48 similar to the battery 20 in Fig. 1'.
  • a receiving apparatus for electromagnetic waves comprising a pluralitv of tuned circuits largely opaque to oscillations of other than a given frequency, means linking adjoining circuits, said means comprising a source of energy and an energy transmitting apparatus varying in conductivity with impressed oscillatio'ns for initiating oscillations in step with received oscillations and means associated with the last circuit of the series for detecting the oscillations.
  • a tuned receiving system for detecting sustained oscillations of a given frequency comprising a plurality of circuits resonant to the frequency of the oscillations to be detected and arranged in cascade, relav devices joining each of said "circuits to another comprising an evacuated envelop, an electronemitting cathode, a coiiperating anode, and a grid, said device being connected to one of said circuits at the cathode and grid and to another circuit at the cathode and anode and a local source of energy in the second circuit.
  • an energy controlling device comprising an evacuated envelop, an incandescent cathode. an anode, and a grid for statically controlling the transfer of energy between said electrodes, a resonant circuit connected to the cathode and grid of :said device, a second circuit resonant to the same frequency as the first circuit connected to the cathode and anode of said device and a local source of energy in the latter circuit.
  • an electron dis charge device comprising a highly evacuated envelop. an incandescent cathode, an anode, means for statically controlling the energy transfer between cathode and anode, a resonant circuit connected to the cathode and said static controlling means, a source of potential in said circuit, a second circuit, resonant with respect to the same frequency as the first circuit, connected to the cathode and anode of said device and a local source of energy in said circuit.
  • a selective receiving system for receiving oscillations of radiant energy comprising an antenna, a circuit operatively related thereto resonant to the frequency of the oscillations to bedeteoted, a relay device s sensitive to potential oscillations impressed thereon, a second circuit resonant to the same frequency as the first connected to the cathode and an anode of said relay, a source of energy in said second circuit controlled by said relay, and means for detecting oscillations in said circuit.
  • an electrical discharge device comprising an envelop, a cathode adapted to emit negative charges, an anode and means for controlling a discharge between said electrodes, a circuit electrically resonant to variable current of a given frequency, electrical connections between said circuit and the discharge controlling means of said device, a second circuit resonant to variable current of the same frequency.
  • an electrical discharge device comprising an evacuated envelop, a cathode operable at incandescence,,a cooperating anode and a discharge-controlling grid, a circuit electrically resonant to electrical oscillations of a given frequency and substantially opaque to oscillations of a different frequency, connections between said circuit and the cathode and grid of said discharge device, a second circuit resonant to oscillations of substantially the same frequency as said first circuit, a source of energy in the electrode circuit of the discharge device, connections for delivering current from said source to said second circuit, and means for detecting oscillations in said second circuit.
  • a system for selecting electrical oscillations of a given frequency from oscilla tions difi'ering therefrom in frequency comprising a series of resonant circuits substantially opaque to oscillations of other than the given frequency, a relay device between two successive circuits, said device comprising an evacuated vessel, an electron-emitting cathode, an anode and a grid, connections between one of said circuits and the cathode and grid and connections between a second circuit and the cathode and anode.
  • a system for selecting electrical oscillations of a given frequency from oscilla tions differing therefrom in frequency comprising a series of resonant circuits largely opaque to oscillations of other than the given frequency,'andmeans linking adjoining circuits, said means comprising a source of electric energy and an energy-transmitting apparatus varying in conductivity in accordance with oscillations impressed there on from one circuit whereby oscillations are set up by said source of energy in another linked resonant circuit of said series having the same frequency as the impressed oscillations.
  • an electrical discharge device comprising an electron-emitting cathode, an anode, means for varying the conductivity between said electrodes and an inclosing envelop so highly evacuated that current is passed between said electrodes substantially independent of positive ionization, a resonant circuit substantially opaque to oscillations other than a given frequency connected to the discharge-varying means of said discharge device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Devices For Supply Of Signal Current (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
US79799813A 1913-10-29 1913-10-29 Selective tuning system. Expired - Lifetime US1173079A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DENDAT299301D DE299301C (en(2012)) 1913-10-29
US79799813A US1173079A (en) 1913-10-29 1913-10-29 Selective tuning system.
GB19196/20A GB147147A (en) 1913-10-29 1920-07-07 Improvements in and relating to wireless signalling systems
FR529012A FR529012A (fr) 1913-10-29 1920-07-27 Perfectionnements aux circuits sélectifs de t. s. f.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US79799813A US1173079A (en) 1913-10-29 1913-10-29 Selective tuning system.

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US1173079A true US1173079A (en) 1916-02-22

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US79799813A Expired - Lifetime US1173079A (en) 1913-10-29 1913-10-29 Selective tuning system.

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US (1) US1173079A (en(2012))
DE (1) DE299301C (en(2012))
FR (1) FR529012A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB147147A (en(2012))

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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FR2207478A5 (en(2012)) * 1972-11-20 1974-06-14 Pomagalski Sa

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DE299301C (en(2012))
GB147147A (en) 1921-10-06
FR529012A (fr) 1921-11-22

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