US1170174A

US1170174A - Drawing instrument.

Info

Publication number: US1170174A
Application number: US65436311A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jeptha L Matson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1911-10-12
Filing date: 1911-10-12
Publication date: 1916-02-01
Anticipated expiration: 1933-02-01

Description

J. L. MATSON.

DRAWING INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED ocT. I2, I9II.

l, 170, l 74. Patented Feb. I, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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1. L. MATSON.

DRAWING INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.I2, I9`II.

Patented Feb. l, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 wibncooao LUMBIA PLANDCIRAPH .50.. WASHINGTON. C.

Y sents a view of the .sameyform asshowngin UNiTED sTATEs PATENT ortica.

JEPTHA L. narsoN, or- DUNBARTON, WISCONSIN.

DRAWING INSTRUMENT.

To all whom t may concern: 4

Be it. known ,that I, JEPTHA L. MA'rsoN, a citizen ofthe United States, residing Vat Dunbarton, inthe county of Lafayettevand State Aof Wisconsin, have invented certain newand useful Improvements `in Drawing Instruments, of which the following .is a specification. .I f

`Nly invention relates to improvements in drawing instruments, and has for its leading objecty the provisionof an improved type of instrumentV particularly adapted for use in describing 4circles or .for vdetermining and laying out different anglesfo'r dividing given angles `as desired.

The' further object of my invention. is` the provisionofan improved device which may bequickly and accurately adjusted to .describe circles of various diameters and-which willserve to form said circles much more accurately and permitV of the changingof the diameter of diiferent concentric circles .with

much greater ease than is possible "by the use l of a compass. l

`Another object of my invention is the provision ofu an improved device which may be employed both to describe or lay out circles and also to cut the arc of the circle into segments of any desired degrees or to cut Sectors `having anydesired angle. A

Another object of my invention isfthe provision of an improved center or pivot on which mytool may be `swung andof improved means for holding the pivot and for forcing the same into a drawing board.

IOther objects `,and advantages o-f my improved drawing instrument will be readily apparent .by reference -to thefollowing descrlption taken in connection with the Ilac-v companying drawings, and it will be understood that I may make any modifications in the specific structure shown and described within the scope of my claim without de#V parting from or exceedingthe spirit of ymy invention.

.Figure l represents a plan view of myl device. Figa 2pr`epresents a` side elevation of thedevice. represents a plan view of the blank from which the base plate-is formed. Figp represents a. sectional view of a modified formof the device. onthe line 4-4 of Fig. 5. Fig. 5 represents -a view of a ,modified vform of. my instrument ,inV use rin dividing a circle.-illustrating the yfirststep in the. division of the circle. Fig.y 6` repre- 'A Specification of Letters Patent.

FigsA and .5 showing the device in posiyPatented. Feb. 1, 1916.

Applicaton filed October 12,1911'. Serial'No; 654,363. v i

tion for completion of the dividing of the circle.

In the drawings, in which similar characters of reference are employed to denote Cor-Y responding parts throughout the several views, the numeral l designates the rectangular base portion of my invention having one edge marked with the graduations 2 providing av scale or ruler and having ladj acent the opposite edge the small apertures 3 disposed between the graduations 0r marks 4,.therapertures 3 being designated by numerals marking the Same from zero to ninety by tens,l there being nineteen of the said apertures. One end ofthe plate is fur.- therformed with a set of staggered apertures Gequidistantly spaced from each other, Said apertures being designated by the numerals 7 The plate is also for-medwith a row of circular apertures 8 ofgradually increa-sing size which extend` along the plate and also with another series of Small aper.- tures 9 extending therealong andndesignated bythe numerals 10, said apertures 49 being spaced one-quarter inch apart inthe `finished article. l 4 1 I formon oneend of the plate l'the semicircular extension 33 bent upward at right anglcstotheplate, while bent upward' at thesides ofthe pla-te and turned inward to provide guides are the ears 34. Sliding beneath theguide' ears llis a plate 35 having the-tongue36- cut and-bent upwardtherefremd, ascrew 37 having its` end rotatably engaged in the tongue` 36 and having its other endY extending outward through the aperture 38 in the lportion 33 of the plate 1. A `spring 39is mounted on the'screwyand has its ends bearing against the tongues 331 and 36 to forcethe Sameapart7 while 'a milled adjusting nut .410. engag`ed on the-outeriend 'Il ofthe Screw-1 and bearing against the eXtension 33 Servesto draw the screw outward and thusjto shift-the plate 35 against the pressure of.the. spring. Said` screwA has preferably a N pitch of lthirty-two threads -to` the inch, wherebya completelrOlation of the nut IO willfshift the plate 35 onethirty-second of an inch... The base ofthe nut hasgraved thereon'a .mark 41 adapted to .serve in conjunction with Va mark 42 on the-extension to indicate the amount of turn which is given to` the nut*` and thus -to show the amount of adjustmentv ofthe plate, there preferably v being: enough ,of these marks .4l to .indicate when the plate 35 is adjusted one twohundred and fifty-sixth of an inch, this adjustment tending to vary the diameter of circles made by my instrument one onehundred and twenty-eighth of an inch, this necessitating eight divisions on the nut 40. The'plate has thereon the mark 43 adapted to coincide with one of the marks 44 to indicate when the plate 35 is in its normal position or with its pivot receiving aperture 45 spaced one-quarter of an inch from the first aperture 9 of the plate, or to indicate the adjustment of the plate for each complete revolution of the nut 40.

The aperture 45 in the plate 35 rides above the usual longitudinally extending slot 46 in the plate 1, and is adapted to receive the pivot pin 15 which is normally contained in a socket 47 formed centrally in the adjusting screw 37. To insert the pin 15 in a drawing board when using my instrument, it is merely necessary to press the instrument downward and force the projecting point of the pin into the board, while to facilitate removal of the pin from the drawing board, I form in the plate 35 and one of the ears 34 the apertures 48 disposed in alinement with each other when the plate 35 is in its normal or unadjusted position. It is merely necessary to pass the instrument downward with the pin engaged in the apertures 48 when a slight turning of the nut 40 will slightly shift the apertures out of alinement and cause the edges of the plate and ear to bind against and clampingly engage the pin when upward movement of the instrument will readily withdraw the pin from the drawing board. i

In Figs. 5 and 6, I have illustrated the method of using my instrument for dividing a circle into any desired sector. The main use of my instrument is shown in Fig.

5. To divide a circle Iv employ the set ofv apertures 3 designated by the numerals 5 for indicating the number of degrees. To use the invention, however, it is necessary to have a circle with a two-inch radius and if the circle which it is desired to kdivide has a radius either greater or less than two inches, I either circumscribe it with a circle having a two inch radius or circumscribe said circle, assuming the circle to be divided has a radius less than two inches. I then mark on the periphery ofthe two-inch circle one of the points as at 58 where I wish to cut the circumference o-f the two-inch circle, said point lying on the common radius of the two concentric circles, both having the center 59 and the construction circle being designated lby the numeral 60 while the circle to be divided is designated by the numeral 61. This point 58 having been determined in cases where it is desired to divide the circle at a given point and at another point a certain number of degrees therefrom, or else if no point is determined I then apply my instrument to any desired portion of the circle. In any event the two marks or graduations 4 on the edge of the plate l are placed to be exactly at the points of intersection of the f arc of the circle with the edge of the plate with the body of the plate extending inward toward the center of the circle. The distance between the said graduations 4 is measured in the making of the tool to cut off exactly an arc of ninety degrees or one` quarter of the circumference when the instrument is in the position shown and described. The two endmost apertures 3 of the plate which are respectively designated by the numerals Q and are so positioned that radii extending to the points of contact of the instrument with the circle will pass directly beneath the said apertures, while the other apertures 3 are so disposed relative to each other that radii extending outward between the two radii just mentioned which make right angles with each other, if at angles of ive degrees with each other will each pass beneath one of the apertures 3. Consequently when the plate 1 is in the position shown in Fig. 5 passing of a pencil point through any desired aperture 3 will determine on the drawing sheet the points 62 through which lines should be drawn or imaginary lines passed to cut a segment of the desired number of degrees from the arc of the circle 61 or to designate a sector of the circle. These points having been determined, I then shift my instrument tov have the edge thereof rest against the pin 15 which has been left at the center of the circles and swing the instrument till said edge is adjacent the point 62 when the designating lines or radii of the circles may be readily drawn.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawn ings the construction and use of my im- 1 proved combination drafting instrument will be readily understood, and it will be seen that I have provided a highly eflicient' `combination instrument having a plurality of 'sets of apertures formed therein which serve in conjunction with graduations or marks upon the instrument both in the maki ing of rcircles of varying diameters within certain limits and also serve in measuring and marking off both acute and right angles j.l

and in measuring degrees on the circumference of a circle. It will further be observed that I have provided myimproved drafting instrument with various novel means for se4 curing the delicate vadjustments of the pivot and thus to employ the apertures in the plates in the formation of circles varying from each other by b-ut a fraction of an inch in diameter.

It will consequently be seen that I have provided an improved drafting instrument which may be easily manufactured and which is of simple and durable construction and cannot be easily broken or gotten out of order and which will prove extremely satisfactory to those desiring to make either concentric circles or other circles of different diameters and wishing to have the diameters of the circle as exact as possible or adjusted to but slightly vary from each other.

I claim:

A drafting instrument comprising an elongated base plate having guide ears struck up from one end, said base plate having a series of equally spaced and a series of unequally spaced apertures, a plate slidable between the said ears and provided With an aperture, a bolt connected to the slidable plate, an upstanding apertured lug at one end of the base plate, the bolt extending through the aperture of the said lug, the outer extremity of the bolt being threaded and having a longitudinal socket forme-d in the end for the reception of a pin, and a coil spring embracing the bolt and disposedv between the slidable plate and the upturned perforated lug for normally forcing the slidable plate to the innerlimit of its movement.

In testimony whereof I ax my signature,

s inthe presence of two Witnesses.

JEPTHA L. MATSON.

Witnesses:

L, C. MA'rsoN, J. M. LEHR.

Copies oi this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.