US1170027A - Hat-brushing machine. - Google Patents

Description

A. B. WARING.

HAT BRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.25.1913.

1,170,027. Bate ited Feb. 1, 1916.

4 SHEETSSHEET I.

A. B. WARING.

HAT BRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25. 1913. 1,170,027. Patented Feb. 1, 1916.

' 4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

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A. B. WARING.

HAT BRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.25, 1913.

Patented Feb. '1, 1916.

191709027 SHEETSSHEET a q-" I BY 5W% ATTORNEY THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH 420., WASHINGTDN, D. c.

A. B. WARING,

HAT BRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.25, 1913.

1,170,027. Patented Feb. 1, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

IIVVENTOR THB COLUMBIAPLANOGRAPH co., WASHINGTON, n. c.

ARTHUR B. WARING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HAT-BRUSHING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 1,1916.

Application filed March 25, 1913.- Serial No. 756,648.

To all whom it mag concern Be it known that I, ARTHUR B. VVARING, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hat-Brushing Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

My invention relates to apparatus employed in the manufacture ofhats and particularly to machines for brushing hat bodies.

One object of my invention is to provide a simple and efl ective machine of this charac ter that shall produce a vigorous brushing action in different directions at angles to each other. My invention is not limited however, to apparatus for producing any specific brushing action in one or more directions.

Other objects will be set forth hereinafter.

I will describe my invention in the following specification and point out the novel features thereof in appended claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a simple brushing machine constructed in accordance with my invention and illustrating its principles. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the machine of Fig. 1, the tank being broken away to disclose the brush driving mechanism. An end elevation of the same machine with the tank in section is shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 4 is a view corresponding with Fig. 1 of a modified machine, which is provided with a number of cooperating brush rolls and also embodies my invention. Fig. 5 is a partially sectional elevation of the machine of Fig. 4 looking at the ends of the brush rolls. The machine of Figs. 4: and 5 is shown in plan in Fig. 6 and in transverse sectional elevation in Fig. 7. Fig. 8 is a detail view of a modified arrangement embodying a guide brush roll instead of a fixed guide member. Fig. 9 is a side view of a pair of brush rolls which are modifications of and may be substituted for those shown in the previous figures. Another brush roll structure is illustrated in Fig. 10.

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Referring first to the structure of Figs. 1, 2 and 3, a pair of cooperating brush rolls 10 and 11 are rotatably supported by end brackets 12 which are secured to and may form a part of a stationary base 13. A pair of relatively small feed rolls 1 1 and 15 are mounted on one side of the brush rolls and a guiding brush roll 16 is mounted on the other side, all of the rolls being substan tially parallel and supported at their ends by the end brackets 12. Bearing blocks 18 are mounted in slots 19 or guideways in the end brackets 12 and may be adjusted vertlcally by screws 20which are rotatably supported by the brackets and extend through tapped holes in the blocks. The shaft 17 of the upper brush roll 10 extends into the bearing blocks so that the vertical position of the roll may readily be varied by adjustmg the screws. Bearing frames 21 provided with lateral projections 22 which rest upon shoulders 23 of the end brackets are secured thereto by bolts 24: and thus form removable sections of the end brackets. Shafts or shaft pro ections 25, 26, 27 and 28, with which the brush roll 11 and the rolls 14c, 15 and 16 are respectively provided, are supported near their ends in the bearing frames 21. These rolls are therefore fixed in position relative to each other while the top brush roll 11 is independently adjustable and may be set at a suitable distance from the bottom brush roll. Gear wheels 29, 30 and 31 are secured to the shafts 26, 27 and 28 and as indicated below an operative connection is established between them and with the shaft 25. A gear wheel 32, mounted on the shaft 25, is connected to the shaft 27 by idler gear wheels 33 and another gear wheel 31 also secured to shaft 25 is connected to the shaft 28 by an idler gear wheel 35. Any suitable driving means which does not interfere with the adjustment of the roll 10, may be employed for operating the rolls, for example the brush roll 10 may be connected to a driving shaft 36 by a chain and sprockets and a similar connection may be established from the driving shaft to the shaft 26. The bottom brush roll and a portion of the top brush roll together with the rolls 14, 15 and 16 may be immersed and operate in water or other liquid which may be contained in a tank 38 which fits between the end brackets and rests on the base 13. The bearing frames 21 are preferably located in the tank to avoid the complications incident to extending rotatable shafts through the wall of the tank below the water line. A guide plate 10 which is suitably broken away so that it does not interfere withthe operation of the cooperating rolls, is supported from the rim of the tank and is bent downwardly below the water level as shown in Fig. 1."

The preferred embodiment of my invention is illustrated in Figs. 4 to 7 inclusive but before describing the machine shown therein, I will-describe the operation of the simple structure of Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

Assuming that the machine is in operation and that the peripheral speed of the feed rolls 14 and15 is materially less than the peripheral speed of the brush rolls 10 and 11, if a hat body folded in the usual manner is fed into the rolls 14; and 15 in the direction of the arrow 41,'it will be advanced by the action of the feed rolls and will be acted upon by the brush rolls 1.0 and 11. These rolls tend to move the hat body forward at a greater rate of speed than is permitted by the feed rolls 14: and 15 and consequently a brushing action on the hat body is produced. The guiding brush roll 16 is not essential but when it is employed it preferably operates at av higher peripheral speed than the brush rolls 10 and 11 and consequently tends to keep the hat body up in contact with a larger porton of brush 10 and moreover has of itself some brushing effect on the hat body. The brush rolls may be constructed in any suitable manner, but as fully pointed out hereinafter, I prefer to utilize rolls having such a distribution of bristles as to effect a brushing action transverse to the direction in which the hat body is advanced by the feed rolls.

The m chine shown in Figs. 4 to 7 inclusive to which reference may now be had, comprises a plurality of top brush rolls 10 10, 10. and 10 and bottom brush rolls 11, 11", 11. 11 and 11 The top roll 10 cooperates with the bottom rolls 11 and 11", the top roll 10* coipera es with the bottom rolls 11 j p and 11, etc.

The effect of eight pairs of rolls is thus obtained by the use of nine single ro ls. In add t on to the brush rolls,-

the machine is provided with feed rolls 1 1 and 15 as in the machine of Figs. 1, 2 and 3. It is also provided with a second pair of feed ro ls and 51 located at the opposite end of the train or brush rolls. In this machine a tank 52 constitutes the support-- ing frame. Pi otally connected to this tank at one end is a hollow rectangular frame 53 from the s de strips 54 of which, depend bearing brackets 55. Shafts or shaft eXtensions 56 of the bottom b ush rolls 11 are rotatably supported near their ends in these brackets, the arrangement of parts being such that the entire bottom set of brush rolls may be swung upward out of the tank with the rectangular frame 53. A supporting plate or fra1ne57 is also pivoted to one end of the tank 52 and carries a plurality of pairs of stat onarv bearing b ackets 58, 59,

1 60 and 61 (see Fig. 6). A pair of movable bearing brackets 62 are pivotally connected above the axes of rotation of the bottom I brush rolls 11 and 11 and consequently the positionsof the top brush rolls 10 10*, 10 and 10 which are rotatably supported in suitable bearingsprovided in the movable brackets 62, may be varied relative to the bottom rolls by means of the adjusting screws 65. The bearing brackets 58 and 61 rotatably support the feed rolls 15 and 51 and bell crank levers 66 and 67 are pivoted to the, same brackets and constitute adjustable bearings for the feed rolls 14: and 50. Adjusting screws 68 extend through holes in one arm of the bell crank levers and are screwed into the frame 57. They correspond to the screws by which the brush rolls are adjusted and each of the screws 65 and 68 is provided with a nut or enlargement 69 against which the adjusted member is held by a spring 70. Thus the feed rolls tatably adjustable about a fixed axis in order. to permit them to be driven by a simple arrangement of gears as hereinafter more fully pointed out. Stationary guide strips 71 are preferably interposed between the feed rolls and the end brush rolls, and between the coiperat-ing brushing surfaces of the brush rolls for the purpose of guiding a hat body through the machine and preventing it from curling around any one of the brush rolls. If desired small rotatable brush rolls 75 as shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings may be substituted for the guide blocks 71. .Any suitable means for driving the feed and brush rolls at their proper speeds may be employed, as for example, a shaft (see Fig. 6) which is operated by belting or otherwise connecting it to a line shaft or to any suitable driving motor. To this shaft is secured a plurality of bevel gears 81 which mesh with bevel gears 82. A plurality of short shafts 83, to which the bevel gears 82 are secured at one end, are rotatably supported in the stationary bearing brackets 58, 59, 60 and 61 at one side of the machine and to their inner ends are secured gears 85, 86, 87 and 88. These shafts are coaxial with or constitute the pivots for the adjustable bearing brackets '62 and the bell crank levers 66 and 67. The gear is arranged to drive a pair of gears 90 and 91 that are respectively secured to the feed rolls 11 and 15 and the gear 88 is similarly connected to gears 92 and 93 wh ch are secured to the feed rolls 50 and 51, idler gears 91' and 93 being suitably interposed in order that the rolls may co'iperate. The gear 86 is connected to gears 94 and 95 of the brush rolls 10 and 10 and through an idler gear 96 to a gear 97 of the brush roll 11*. This brush roll is operatively connected to the brush rolls 11 and 11 bv idler gears 98 and 99. The gear wheel 87 is similarly connected to a gear 100 of the brush roll 11 which in turn is connected to the brush roll 11*. The gear ratios are so chosen that the peripheral speed of the feed rolls 14 and 15 is materially less than that of the feed rolls 50 and 51. The arrangement of gears and the diameters of the brush rolls is such that they operate at the same peripheral speed but this speed is higher than that of the feed rolls 14 and 15 and lower than that of the feed rolls 50 and 51.

The operation of the machine shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7, corresponds in general to that of the machine shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, which has already been described. The hat body is introduced to the feed rolls Hand 15 and thence moves between the brush. rolls 10 and 11. From these rolls it passes between the brush rolls 10 and 11",

then between the rolls 10 and 11 10 and 11 10 and 11, 10 and 10 10 and 11 10 and 11 It finally enters the feed rolls 50 and 51 and is discharged from the machine. The number and size of the brush rolls is such that the hat body always leaves the feed rolls 1st and 15 before any part of it is acted upon by the feed rolls 50 and 51. As long as the feed rolls 1st and 15 act upon the hat body and fix its speed, the brush rolls are tending to make it advance at a higher rate of speed and consequently a brushing action is produced in one direction. \Vhen the hat body leaves the feed rolls 14 and 15, the brush rolls then serve only as a means for advancing the hat body until the feed rolls 50 and 51 are reached. Bv reason of the higher peripheral speed of these feed rolls the hat body is then advanced more rapidly than it would in response to the action of the brush rolls upon it and consequently, although the brush rolls rotate in the same direction, it is subjected to an opposite brushing action.

Attention is directed to the fact that the bushing actions described in detail up to this point, have been in a direction which is substantially parallel to the direction of motion of the hat body. It is however desirable to secure in addition to brushing actions in this direction a brushing action in a direction which is transverse to the direction of motion. I accomplish this result by a no el disposition of bristles on the brush rolls themselves. The brush rolls shown in connection with the machines of Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive. comprise cylindrical cores to which the bristles are attached in a series of bands or groups. Each band has the form of a skewed ring but the groups are all independent of each other and are substantially parallel. When the brush rolls are rotating, the fact that the bristles are set in rings oblique to the axis of rotation tends to move a hat body transversely back and forth through a distance depending upon the amount that each band is skewed or distorted from a true annulus. In the brush rolls shown in Fig. 9, the bristles are arranged in the form of a helix or screw thread, the pitch of the thread being the same for the upper and the lower roll of the pair. By reason of the fact, however that they rotate in opposite directions, the bristles of one of them tends to move a hat body laterally in one direction while those of the other tend to move the hat body laterally in the opposite direction. This brushing action may produce a slipping of one layer of the folded hat body over the other or a continual change in the position of the fold in which case the brushing action which is produced parallel to the direc-' tion of motion will be particularly well distributed and the work facilitated. If however, the two layers of the folded hat body are prevented from sliding over each other, the resultant of the opposite transverse actions will be such as to produce no motion of the hat body, but will produce a vigorous transverse brushing action of the eX- posed surfaces of the body. Each roll may have its bristles distributed like the threads of overlapping left and r ght hand threads as shown in Fig. 10 in which case the tendency to produce transverse movement of the hat body will be neutralized in each roll but the hat body will, receive the desired transverse brushing action.

Various modifications not only in the structural details of the machine and the driving connections, for the rolls, but also in the arrangement of bristles on the rolls may be effected within the spirit and scope of my invention. i

What I claim is:

1. A hat brushing machine comprising cooperating brush rolls tending to produce a movement of a hat body in one direction and embodying means for producing a transverse brushing action and means for holding said brush rolls against axial movement.

2. A hat brushing machine comprising cooperating brush rolls tending to move a hat body between them and embodying means for simultaneously producing a transverse mo ement of the hat body and means for holding said brush rolls against axial movement.

3. A hat brushing machine comprising feed rolls arranged to move a hat body at a predetermined rate of speed and a plurality of cooperating brush rolls in staggered. relation, all operating at the same peripheral speed and arranged to act upon the hat body at the same time as the feed rolls and tending to produce a motion of the hat body at a different speed whereby the hat body is subjected to a brushing action.

i. A hat brushing machine comprising feed rolls arranged to move a hat body at a predetermined rate of speed and a plurality of cooperating brush rolls in staggered relation all operating at the same peripheral speed and arranged to act upon the hat body at the same time as the feed rolls and tending to produce a motion thereof at a faster speed wherebythe hat body is subjected to a brushing action.

A hat brushing machine comprising cooperating brush rolls arranged to operate at the same peripheral speed and held against longitudinal movement and means for moving a hat body between the brush rolls at a speed which is different from the peripheral speed of the rolls, each brush roll having bands of bristles arranged to produce a transverse brushing action on the hat body.

6. A hat brushing machine comprising a stationary tank, an under frame pivotally connected to the rim of the tank at one end, bearing brackets depending therefrom into the tank, a pair of feed rolls and a plurality of interposed brush rolls rotatably supported in parallelism by the brackets, an upper frame also pivoted to the rim ofthe tank, adjustable bearing brackets mounted on the upper frame, a plurality of feed and brush rolls cooperating with the feed and brush rolls ofthe under frame and rotatably supported in said adjustable bearing brackets, and means for driving all of said rolls irrespective of the positions to which they are adjusted, each brush roll of the upper set being adapted to cooperate with two of the lower sets. 7

7. A hat brushing machine comprising a stationary tank, an under frame pivotally connected to the rim of the tank at one end, bearing brackets depending therefrom into the tank, a pair of feed rolls and a plu- Copies of this patent may be obtained for rality of interposed brush rolls rotatably supported in parallelism by the brackets, an upper frame also pivoted to the rim of the tank, adjustable bearing brackets mounted on the upper frame, a plurality of feed and brush rolls cooperating with the feed and brush rolls of the under frame, rotatably supported in said adjustable bearing brackets and means for driving the brush rolls at a predetermined peripheral speed, driving one set of feed rolls at a lesser peripheral speed and driving the other set of feed rolls at a greater peripheral speed, the upper brush rolls being staggered in relation to the lower set and each adapted to cooperate with two of the lower rolls.

8. A hat brushing machine comprising a stationary tank, an under frame pivotally connected to the rim of the tank at one end, bearing brackets depending therefrom into the tank, a pair of feed rolls and a plurality of interposed brush rolls rotatably supported in parallelism by the brackets, an upper frame also pivoted to the rim of the tank, adjustable'bearing brackets mounted on the upper frame, a plurality of feed and brush rolls cooperating with the feed and brush rolls of the under frame, rotatably' supported in said adjustable bearing brackets, a driving shaft and interposed gears for suitably operating the feed and brush rolls arranged to operate the brush rolls at the peripheral speed which differs from that of the feed rolls, the upper brush rolls being staggered in relation to the lower brush rolls and each adapted to cooperate with two of the lower rolls.

9. A hat brushing machine comprising a plurality of relatively fixed rotatable brush rolls, relatively adjustable brush rolls each of which cooperates with two of said relatively fixed rolls, feed rolls and means for driving the brush rolls and the feed rolls at unlike peripheral speeds.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 24: day of March, 1913.

ARTHUR- B. WARING.

Witnesses:

Ennns'r W. MARSHALL,

FRED. H. KOEHLER.

five cents each. by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.

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