US1168850A

US1168850A - Power-hammer.

Info

Publication number: US1168850A
Application number: US77338913A
Authority: US
Inventors: Colin Campbell
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1913-06-13
Filing date: 1913-06-13
Publication date: 1916-01-18
Anticipated expiration: 1933-01-18

Description

C. CAMPBELL. POWER HAMMER.

APPLICATION FILED mm: a, 1913.

1,168,850. Patented 1m1'.18,1916.

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C. CAMPBELL.

POWER HAMMER. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 13. 1913. v 50 Patented Jan. 18, 1916.

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COLIN CAMPBELL, or NEWARK, NEW JnnsnY.

PO'WER-HAMMER.

1) all whom it may concern Be it known that I, COLIN CAMPBELL, a citizen of the United, States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, haveinvented certain Improvements in Power-Hammers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more particularly to the valve gear or valve-operating mechanism for a hammer adapted to be automatically reciprocated by the pressure of steam, compressed air or the like, and the objects of the invention are to reduce to a minimum in such a hammer the valve-operating mechanism which is carried by the ram; to thus reduce crystallization and consequent breakage of the operating mechanisms; to, provide valve operating members mounted upon the body of the hammer within the same and thus protected; to introduce into the valve-operating mechanism levers fulcrumed in the body of thehammer; to re-,

duce the friction and'wear of the operating parts; to secure simplicity. of construction and operation, and to obtain other advantages and results as may be brought out in the following description.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals of reference indicate the same parts throughout the several views, Figure 1 is a. front elevation of my improved power hammer; Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section. thereof on line A-A,

Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is asectional view on line 4 B-B of Fig. 2; Fig. l is a transverse section on line (1-0 of Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is a detail plan of a certain bracket for the ram.

In the specific embodiment of the invention illustrated in said drawings, the reference numeral 1 indicates the body of my improved hammer providing

side walls

2, 3 and back wall 1', all preferably in one integral casting.

Suitable guides

5, 5 are-secured to the outside of the side walls, 2, 3, on opposite sides of the body, and a bail 6 at the top of the frame pivoted to and extending between said side walls provides means for suspending the hammer in upright position for use. On the inside of the

side walls

2, 3, at the lower part thereof, are tracks 7, 8, for the slidable retentionof a ram 9, and from said ram a substantially central piston rod 10 extends upwardly and is provided at its upper end with a; piston Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 18, 1916.

Application filed June 13,1913. Serial No. 773,389.

1 working within a cylinder 12 as is usual and well-known in the art. Said piston rod may be secured to the ram in any convenient Way, but I prefer to provide a countersunk hole 13 transversely through the ram from its front and insert a pin 1 1 therein, said pin passing through the piston rod, as shown in Fig. 1. f

The cylinder 12 is preferably bolted to the back wall at of the body 1 and provided at its front with a transverse slide valve 15 in a pressure chamber or steam chest 16, as is common," the cylinder having

appropriate passages

17 and 18 to connect the chest with the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, respectively, and a central exhaust passage 19, all of said passages opening through the valve seat 20, see Fig. 4. By sliding the valve 15 back and forth, first one passage, as 17 is placed in communication with the exhaust 19 while the other one, 18, is open to the pressure chamber, and then the reverse, as will be understood by those skilled in th art. In order to slide the valve 15 on its seat 20, said valve has on its back two outwardly extending

ears

21, 21 spaced laterally apart in vertical planes with a nut 22 interposed between them. A valve or shift rod 23 has a threaded part midway of its ends screwed into said nut 22 and project ing through suitable perforations in the ears. By this, or equivalent means, the valve may be operated upon reciprocating the shift rod 23, it being understood that said rod projects at its ends through suitable packings 2 1, 24 in the end walls of the steam chest.

For so reciprocating the rod 23 to produce the strokes of the ram reversing the direction of the steam or other pressure as the ram nears the end of its stroke in either direction, I provide

upright levers

25, 26 fulcrumed on the opposite side-

walls

2, 3 of the body 1 of the hammer, preferably in

recesses

27, 27 in the said walls, as shown. The upper ends of said levers are opposite the ends of the rod 23, and preferably in outwardly

open slots

28, 29, respectively, in collars 30, 81 pinned or otherwise secured to the ends of said valve rod. As shown, it is referable to round the engaging walls 3201 the slots and levers, so as to reduce wear. Preferably, springs or other resilient means 33 are lnserted between the upper nd of t le s an the e im S d CIT.

. being laid flatwise head 91 with the two rollers in the plane of the levers 26, the parts. being suitably ing the relation walls'of the body, in seats 34: sunk in the of the rams stroke so as to'be en a ed thereat, and the other is near the bottom of said stroke so as to be engaged as the ram is nearly down. 1

While the ram may be of any construction which willsuitably engage the cam levers, I. prefer to provide a ram head with some special means for facilitating this engage ment, and in the drawings such means is illustrated as a bracket 38 having its ends forked to carry

rollers

39, 40, said bracket on the top of the ram proportioned so thatthe rollers will engage the

cam surfaces

36, 37, respectively, at the proper time and give the levers the necessary swing. For holding the bracket 38 in position I groove the two sides of the ram head rearwardly from its front, as at 41, 41 to slidably receive corresponding tongues, 42, 42 on depending

portions

43, 43 of the bracket adjacent. its ends, and when the bracket is slid in place a pin 44 is inserted through appropriate registering holes in the bracket and ram head, it being preferable to have the hole in the ram head intersect the large portion of the transverse countersunk hole 13 so that the end of said pin 44 may project thereinto and receive a cotter- ,pin or other securing means.

' Obviously, as the ram approaches the lower end of its stroke the roller 39 engagesv the cam surface 36 of the lever 25 and swings said lever, thereby sliding the valve 15 to the other end of its stroke and reversof the passages to the pressure chamber and exhaust" so as to reverse the direction of movement of the ram. When said ram approaches the other or upper end of its stroke the opposite lever 26 has its cam surface 37 engaged by the other roller 40, which slides the slide valve back again, andthe direction of movement of the ram 1s reversed.

It will be understood that in hammers of impact of the ram against whateveris being hammered is very great, and the blows are very rapid, and by my improved construction in mounting the V cam levers 25,26'up0n the body of the hammer very little of this force of impact is transmitted to them and they are thus re- I wishto be 'eXcept'as required by the following claims body, a piston lieved ofthe crystallization and breakage which would otherwiseoccur'. It will also be noted that the ram engages the cam levers direct or without the intervention of any otherlev'ers or mechanlcal elements OUlZSlClB of itself, the means for engagement herein claimed being a part ofthe ram.

Obviously, 'various modifications and changes in the detail construction of my improved device can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and I do not understood as restricting myself when construed in the light of the prior art.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim is z r 1. In a power hammer, a body providing a slideway, a ram adapted to reciprocate in said slideway, a cylinder mounted on said in said cylinder connected to said ram,

hammer, a body providing to'said ram, a slide valve for said cylinder arranged transversely of theslideway, and levers arranged longitudinally of the slideway at opposite sides thereof and fulcrumed between the ram and said slide valve, said levers being adapted at their upper ends to operate saidslide valve and having at their lower ends cam surfaces, adapted to be' engaged by the ram to swing said levers.

3. In apowerhammer, a body providing a slideway, a ram adaptedto reciprocate in said 'slideway, a cylinder mounted on said body, a piston in said cylinder connected to said ram, a slide valve for arranged transversely of the slideway, levers arranged longitudinally of the slideway at opposite sides thereof and fulcrumedbetween therein and slide valve, said levers engaging at their upper ends the slide valve rod andadapted at their lower ends to be engaged by the ram, and springsforcing the upper ends of said levers against said slide valve rod. Y

4. In a power hammer, an inner slideway, cate on said slideway, a cylinder mounted in said body, a piston in said cylinder con nected to said ram, :a slide valve for said cylinder, a member movably mountedupon said body within the same and adaptedto be engaged by the ram to move itin one direction, means for moving said member in the a body providing a slide valve for said cylinder. arranged transversely of the slideway, and

a ram'adapted to reciprocate in a ram adapted to I'QClPI'O".

said cylinder I transmitting to the slide and means for said member other direction, movement from valve.

5. In a power hammer, a body providing a slideway, a ram adapted to reciprocate in said slideway and be guided thereby, a stationary cylinder lined in said body, a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder and be guided thereby, a rod connecting said piston to'said ram, a slide valve for said cylinder, and a member mounted upon said body intermediate said slide valve and ram adapted at one end to operate said slide valve and at. its other end to be engaged by said ram, aid ram adapted to engage said member direct V and at a certain point ment to said member.

5. In a power hammer, abod'y providing a slideway, a ram adapted to reciprocate in said slideway and be guided thereby, a stationary cylinder fixed in said. body, a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder and be guided thereby, a rod connecting said piston to said mm, a slide valve for said cylinder, a member mounted upon said body intermediate said slide valve and ram adapted at one end to operate said slide valve and at its other end to be engaged by said ram, said am adapted to engage said member direct by it longitudinal movement and at a certain point thereof impart movement to said member, and other'means for returning said member to initial position.

7. 111a power hammer, a body providing a slideway, a ram adapted to reciprocate in said slideway and be guided thereby, a stationary cylinder fixed in said body, a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder and be guided thereby, a rod connecting said piston to said ram, a slide valve for said cylinder, a member mounted upon said body intermediate said slide valve and ram slide valve and having a adapted at one end to operate said slide valve and at its other end to be engaged by said ram,'said ram adapted to engage said member direct by its longitudinal movement and at a certain point thereof impart movement to said member, and means for engaging the slide valve end of said member to return it to initial position.

8. In a power hamn'ier, abody providing a slideway, a ram head adapted to reciprocate in said slideivay and be guided thereby, a stationary cylinder fixed in said body, a piston adapted to reciprocate'in said cylinder and be guided thereby, a rod connecting said piston to said ram head, a slide valve for said cylinder, a lever fulcrumed upon said body intermediate said slide valve and ram head adapted at one end to operate said cam surface on its on said ram head therewith in engage said other arm, and means adapted to move longitudinally almement with said lever and the slide valve.

by its longitudinal movement thereof impart move slide valve, and means for cam surface to swing the leverand operate hammer, a body providing 9; In a power to reciproa slideway, a ram head. adapted cate in said slideway and be guided thereby, P

a stationary cylinder fixed in said body, a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder and be guided thereby, a rodconnecting said piston to said ram head, a slide valve for said cylinder,

ram head adapted at slide valve and having a cam surface on its otherarm, means on said ram head adapted to move longitudinally therewith in aline ment with said lever surface to swing the lever and operate the slide valve'end of said lever to return it to i initial position.

10. In. a power hammer, a body providing a slidevvay, a ram in said slideway and be guided thereby, a stationary cylinder lined in said body, aJpiston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder and be guided ther by, a rod connecting said piston to said ranihead, a slide valve for said cylinder, a lever iulcrumed upon said body intermediate said slide valve and ram head adapted at one end to operate said slide valve and having a cam surface on its other arm, means on said. ram head adapted to move longitudinally therewith a lever fulcrumed upon said body intermediate said slide valve and one end to operate said and engage said cam head adapted to reciprocate engaging the the lever and operate cam surface to swing the slide valve, and a spring for engaging the slide valve end of said lever to return it to its initial position.

11. In a power hammer, a slidevva-y, a ram head adapted to recipro.- cats in said slideway and be guided thereby, a stationary cylinder fixed in said body, a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder and be guided thereby, a rodconnecting said piston to said ram head, a slide valve -for said cylinder, a lever fulcrumed upon said body intermediate said slide valve and ram head adapted atone end to operate said slide valve and having a cam surface on its other arm, means on said ram head adapted to move longitudinally therewith in a-linement with said lever and engage said cam surface to swing the lever and operate the slide valve, and a sprin at the opposite side oi the slide valve end or said lever from sai slide valve holding the lever thereagainst.

12. In a power hammer,- a body providing a slideway, a ram head adapted to reciprocate in said slidevva-y and be guided thereby,

said body intermediate said slide valve an a body providing longitudinally therewith said levers and engage-one cam surface on pistonadapted to reciprocate in ram head adapted at oneend to engage said slide valve and having cam surfaces on their other arms, and means on said rain head adapted to move longitudinally therewith in alineinent With said levers and engage said cam surfaces alternately on up and downsaid piston to said rain head, a slide valve.

for said cylinder, levers fulcrumed' upon said body intermediate said slide valve and rain head-adapted at one end to'engage said slide valve and having at their other ends cam surfaces one higher than the other, and means on said ram head adapted to move in alineinent With upstroke of the rain and the other cam surrace on'downstroke of the rain so as to swing said levers alternately in opposite directions and operate the slide valve.

M. In a power hainnier, a body providing slidew'ay, a rain head adapted to rec1proin said body, I said cylinder andbe guided thereby, a rod connecting Copies of this patent maybe obtained for five cents eaelgby addressing v VWashington, D. G.

rain head adapted providing p a slideway, a ram head adapted to reciproa slideway and be guided thereby,

'said piston to said ram head, a slide valve for said cylinder, levers fulcrunied. upon said body intermediate said slide valve and at one end toengage said slide valve and having at their other ends can'i surfaces one higher than the other, and

.lneansat separate circumferential points of said ram head in substantially the same transverse plane thereof adapted to move longitudinally therewith in alinenient With said levers and engage one cam surface on upstroke of the rain and the other cam surface on downstrolre of the rain so as to swing said levers alte ate-1y 1n opposite directions and operate the slide valve. 1

lo. In a power hammena body providing a longitudinal slot, a rain adapted to reciprocatein said slidevvay and v a stationary cylinder fixed in said body, a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder and be guided thereby, a rod connecting said a slide valve for said cylinder and a member mounted upon said body in said slot intermediate said slide valve and ra n adapted at one end to operate said slide valve and at its other end to be engaged by sa1d rani'at a certaln point of movement of the latter and actuated thereby.

, t COLIN CAMPBELL. lVitnesses:

HOWA D l KING,

,, MILDRED E. Bnoons.

the Commissioner of Patents,

piston to said rain,