US1166221A - Blow-off valve. - Google Patents

Description

SA, KAHN. BLOW APPLICATION FILED MAR. I3. l9l5.

-GFF VALVE.

Patented Dee. 28, 1915.

WITNESSES Anomvfys SAMUEL Kann, or NEWARK, NEW JERSEY;

BLOW-OEE VALVE.l

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, SAMUEL KAHN, a citi- Zen of the United States, and a resident of Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey,fhave invented a new and Improved Blow-Off Valve, of which the fol'- lowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to devices for use in connection with pneumatic tires or other compressed air containers and has particular reference to means for charging such containers with apredetermined amount or pressure of air.

More definitely stated, among the objects of the'invention is to provide a valve struc-v ture of a compound nature embodying the characteristics of the now well known check valvevto retain the air within the tube and having also an auxiliary valve mechanism permitting any excess pressure over the predetermined degree to be discharged or dissipated while the first mentioned check valve becomes seated, retaining the precise desired amount of pressure within the tube.

Another object of the invention is to provide a peculiar and efficient means for adjusting the auxiliary valve to insure its operation within predetermined maximum and minimum limits.

A further object of the invention 'is to utilize the facilities above mentioned in connectionwith means for testing the degree of pressure within the tube.

A still further object of the invention is to improve the facilities for detachably connecting the testing device to a fixed spud or nipple.

The foregoing and many other objects of the invention will hereinafter be more fully described and claimed and illustrated in the drawings forming a part of this specification in which like characters of reference ine dicate corresponding parts in all the views,

and in which- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view' of one form of my improvement; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the Lipper portion' of the nipple shell looking toward the right in Fig. '1; Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on the line 3-'3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a similar viewon the line 4 4 but on a scale smaller than Fig. l; Fig. 5 is a view similar .to Fig, 1, parts being in elevation, and indicating slight modifications in detail; Fig. (i is a view corresponding to Fig.- 2 but taken as looking toward the right in Fig. 5; Figi 7 is Specification of Letters Patent.

a transverse section on the line 7-7 of'Fig.

lPatented Dec.. @,llil

Application filed March 13, 1915A Serial No. 14,197.

5; and Figs. S and 9 are vertical sectional f details of modified forms of the invention described below.

The several parts of this devicemayc'fb'e made of any suitable materials, and the relative sizes and proportions, as well as the general design of the mechanism, may be varied to a considerable extent without de. parting from the spirit ofthe invention hereinafter more fully set forth and claimed.

I wish it to be understood furthermore that the term tire as used herein is to be interpreted as typical of any chamber or other container which may be charged with com pressed air or the like; also the terms vertical and horizontal 7 which may be ernployed in the description of the drawings attached hereto are to be interpreted as being relative only and not in a limiting sense in View of the fact that the parts are all operative irrespective of 'the position thereof with respect to the vertical.

Referring again to Fig. 1, I show at 10 a fragment of apneumatic tire to which is secured a shank 11 constituting the fixed portion of the valve nipple. Said shank has a groove 12 into which the tire 10 ex tends between a head 13 on one side and a lock nut 14 on the other side and turned down upon the threadedportion 15 of the shank. A collar 1G is held against the lock nut by means of another nut 17 and bears at its periphery against the rim 18. The rim and felly 19 are bored as usual to accommodate the valve mechanism.

.The shank 11 is bored at 2O and has secured rigidly to its outer end a tubular shell A21.

The enlarged bore of the shell is formed at itslower end with screw threads 22 and above the threadsl it is tapered upwardly, the smooth tapered surface cooperating with the tapered extreme upper end 23 of the main shank. solutely -airtight joint and one which is strong and rigid. The exterior surface of the shell in which the taper is formed is screw threaded, as shown at 24, terminating in a shoulder 25. A lock nut 26 of peculiar construction cooperates with the screw threads 24 to lock the shank and shell as a` unit to the rim and felly. This lock nut has a cavity 27 having internal cam surfaces 28.

This connection makes an abthrough spaces 31, and thenby giving the dust cap approximately a -quarter turn, the

. lugs 29 interlock with the cam surfaces 28 and beneath the overhanging lips 32 of the lock nut 26. At 33 l show a' rubber gasket ooperating with a metal washer 34 between the .dust cap base and the main portion of the lock nut to positively exclude moisture from the valve mechanism.

Adjacent the shoulder 25 is a reduced shoulder portion 35 having an external screw closing the sp'aceinto which the ports 47,

4ment of a pressure device or the like.

tween the threaded endof the nipple andnt ehi.; shoulder 35 the outer surface of the nipple* is smooth and cylindrical, and upon the same is slidably fitted a'sleeve 40. 'A bayonet slot 'the sleeve 40 through said slot.

thread for the attachment of a cap 36 which will be termed hereinafter air cap 7 to distinguish it from other caps. The air cap at its closedouterend is fitted with a` gasket 37 held in an undercut socket by means of a stud 38 arranged in the axis Iof the capyand having'a shallow cavity in its upper end. The air cap 36 constitutes'an airtight closure for the valve shank and shell and is removed from the shoulder 35 when the valve is to be inspected or the tire is to be recharged.

The upper end of the shell adjacent and above the shoulder 35 is still further reduced `forming av cylindrical nipple 39 having its extreme upper end threaded either internally or Yexternally or both for the attach- Be- 41'4 is formed in one wallof the nipple and a pin 42 extends through the lower end of The pin. therefore, limits the extent of movement,

up or down, 'of the -sleeve along the nipple. Y

Within the tapered cavity formed in the lower portion of the shell 21 is snugly seated `a valve seat 43 tapered to correspond to the aforesaid taper and provided with a plurality of vertical parallel ports 44 shown herein as eight in number. These ports are arranged with their upper` ends in .a circle and communicating in the same annular space between a pair of -concentric ridges 45'- against which an upwardly movable blowoff valve 46 is normally seated. This valve 46 includes arubber or similar packing 47 adapted t'o bear against the ridges 45 and threaded upon the extreme upper end of the' stem 49 prior to assembling the device.

Among the uses of this nut 53 may be noted' that of determining the proper strength of the spring 50 for use in connection with the valve of a predetermined strength or registry; The aforesaid pin 42 is tapped into the head 51 and hence causes the movement of the head downwardly ywith the sleeve 40,

thereby placing the spring 50 under greater tension correspondingto `the vertical length of the bayonet slot 41. When the sleeve 40 is thus depressed, it` may be locked in the lower position by giving -it a slight rotation, bringing the pin 42 into the'angular portion of the slot.

The threaded upper end of the stem 49 projects into a recess 54 at the upper end of the nipple 39T anda nut 55 secured thereto forms a seat or cup in which is supported' the lower end of a light spring 56 surrounding the stem 57 of the check valve 58. The upper end of the spring 56 is heldin place .by means of a cap 58 within the nipple.

Said cap is provided with a plurality of ports 59 extending upwardly therethrough and diver-ging from points close to the stem 57. Said stem 57 extends freely through a central bore 60 extending through the stem 49 of the blow-olf valve 46. The check valve 58 includes` a gasket 61 held normallyseated lby virtue of the spring 56 against a nozzle. 62 formed on the lower surface of a plug 63.

The plug and nozzle have a central bore 60 corresponding to and alining with the stem bore 60 and leading into a distributer chamber 64 and communicating with the lower ends of all ofthe ports 44. The plug 63 has a tapered periphery and is fitted snugly airtight into the taper of the shell 21 against the valve seat 43.

The operation of the device thus far described may be briefly stated as follows: Upon removal of the dust cap 30 and the air cap 36, air supply connection may be made with the threaded end of the nipple 39 in' any convenient manner such, for instance,

as the flexible tube leading from an airpuinp or' reservoir (not shown). Air under pressure may then be admitted downwardly through the nipple, such air passing eitherV through or around the cap 58 andthrough the bores 60 and 60. This air pressure unioo seats the check valve 58 downwardly against the force ofthe spring 56, allowingr the air to enter the tire 10. This action corresponds, generally speaking, to the usual action of a tire nipple check valve. With the force of the spring 50 adjusted to correspond to the predetermined desired internal pressure for the tire, when 'such pressure is f reached by the action of the air pump or air pressure supply means, no greater pressure of air can be made in the tire vfor the reason that the excess pressure over the. predeter- -mined requiredamount or degree will react upwardly through the ports 44 and unseat the blow-oil' valve 46 yand be discharged to weasel.

- formed radially through the lower end of the nipple. Since the excess pressure becomes thus dissipated through the vents 65,

'the cheek valve 58 will promptly close due to suction and the springl, and the blows off valve 46 will remain open and functional so long as the inwardly directed air pressure continues. The operator, uponhearing the hiss of the escaping'air, will be apprised that the required degree of pressure within the tire is reached.

By way of illustration it may be assumed that the spring 50 is so designed that when the head 51 is adjusted as shown in Figs. l and 2, the excess air will blow oif when an internal pressure of seventy pounds per square inch is reached, and, when the sleeve 40 is pushed downwardly to lock the pin 42 in the angular portion `of the slot 4l, .the pressure required to unseat the valve will be increased to eighty pounds. 'Assuming then, that the tire is to be infiated to eighty pounds, the sleeveV 40 will be forced downwardly and locked as 'just stated while the air is being introduced. lVhen the eighty poundspressure is reached in the tire, the excess pressure will be dissipated and the check valve will be closed, retaining within the tire the precise pressure required. In

this connection it will be noted that while an ordinary safety or blow-oit valve for the release of excess pressure after being unseated subiects the pressure ii'uid to an increased eiiiective area, the ordinary result is that the internal pressure will be lowered to a considerable extent. say tive or ten pounds, below the required pressure or the point at which the blow-oli' takes place.v ln this invention, however, the check valve seating promptly at the moment the blow-off valve becomes functional, there is no possibility for the slightest lowering of the internal pressure below the point desired or to which it is adjusted or designed.

In the ordinary operation of pneumatic tires a certain range of pressures is provided Ifor, and assuming that such range, used in the same illustration as given above, is of I from seventy to eighty pounds and the operator wishes to' test his tireto see whether at least'\seventy pounds of pressure exists` all he needs to do to make such testat any time is to remove the dust cap and -air cap from about tlie-nipple. and with the sleeve 40 andV pin 42 adiusted upwardly, as shown in Figs. l and 2, he .may apply the air cap bringing the stud 3S with its cavity bearing upon the cap 58 and with the gasket 37 coming into contact with the end of the nipple sealing the nipple against the discharge of air there- `trom. lf, now, the operator observes the hiss of the discharge of air through the vents 65, he will know immediately that the inteinal pressure is above the minimum prea ,l i, i lll determined degree of seventy pounds and y hence satisfactory. If, howevergthe unseat' that the`internal pressure has fallen' below the required minimum of seventy. pounds and that the tire requires re-inflation to bring 'it up again to the required point. To prevent air frompassing downwardly from the iecess'-laround the stem 49, provide a packing washer 66 locked in place bythe nut 55. The ports 59 formed through the cap 5 8 registering with the upper end of the bore 60 prevent the cap from sealing the upper end of the bore. The combined area of the ports -l-l is preferably approximately the same as that of the bore 60, and itthe ports are formed too large, one or more of them may be plugged, i'l desired, to properly proportion the `relative areas in any particular case.

That form of vthe invention shown in Fig. 5 is substantially the same as that already described with respect to the main and blowoii' valves 58 and 46 and the parts which control their operation. This form of the device, however, typifies its use as a detached part or structure capable of l-ieingicarried in ones pocket or tool box as a feature separate from the tire nipple. 4The device of Fig. 5, however,'is adapted to be. applied to any standard nipple or that portion correspond- -ing to the nipple 39 with a resulting operation substantially similar to thatalrcady set forth in detail.. Considering, then, for the purposes of this explanation, the nipple 2li) as exemplitying any standard tire nipple with or without the check valve 5S within the same,the shell 21 may be quickly secured to the nipple 39, with the rim or end ofthe nipple abutted snugly against a washer 67.

by means of the quickattachingand detaching means shown in Figs. 5 and 7, the saine including a coupling body 68 in which are slidably tted a pair of radially movable blocks 69 having their inner ends threaded at 70 to correspond to the threads onA the.,y

nipple. rllhe coupling body GSis surrouiidi ed by a tliimble l'secured tothe body by` means 'of a pin and slot connection 72, `the ,iis

lower edge of the tliimble bearing inwardly against the beveled outer ends 73 of the blocks when the tliimble is forced down-A :ik

wardly. Vhen the tliimble is elevated, however, the blocks are free to slide apart far enough for the nipple 39 to slip freely upward into engagement with the washer G7. The radialmovement of the blocks, however.

Vis limited in both directions by means of pins T-l carried by the blocks and movable in radial slots 75 formed in the lower end,.fr

of the body 68. To apply the device, therefore, to a standard nipple, the tliimble 71 being elevated, the body and shell tapped I l therein are pushed directly 'upon the nipple,

bringing the end thereof against the Washer 67. The thimble then is' forced directly downwardly, 'causing the blocks to move inwardly into threaded engagement with the nipple threads, making a substantially airtight-connection, but byl giving the device as -a Whole aslight rotation if necessary, the connection -is -renderedabsolutely airtight 1a without a moments loss of time and the connection is secure so long as the thimble remains inits depressed position. To remove the coupling or device, therefore, all that 1s necessary is to simply pull up on the thimble with ones fingers', and such movement bedevice since the hold between the blocksand ingcontinuedwill carry with it the entire `the nipple ceases by reason of the outward 4movement ofthe blocks.

The body.68 carries a stud 38 which serves to unseat any checkl valve carried within the nipple to w-hieh the devieemay beapplied as above described, andfafter' the device is attached it may be'used as ablowuff charging device for the tire or as atestlng'device'in @substantially the same ways y :hat lare` described above in connection with Fig. 1. In this form of the invention the pin 42 extends through a slotv 41 formed through the shell and secured in the.

' headv 5l as above described, but the outer end of the pin is carried by a sleeve 40a 135' [sleeve 40".

,which is actuated'l downwardly toincrease the tension of' the spring 50 by another'. The sleeve 40",is connected to ,the shell 25 by means of pins 7 6 projecting .,into'a spiral groove 77 formed in the outeri I, surface of the. shell 25. The effective posi-` tion of the sleeve members with respect to .40 each other andthe spring is determined by certain 'graduations formed upon the adi jacent ends of the sleeve members and indifcated as including a point 78 carried by one I- member and' coperating with a plurality .4

words, by a rotation of the sleeve 40h in a ofnotches 79 formed in the other. In other clockwise direction, the vpins 76 will cause i i' v the sleeve 40a and the head 51 to-'move downwardlyaccording to the pitch of the groove 77 as determined by the extent of such rotation. As indicated in Fig. 6, Athe sleevel members may be graduated according to any desired pressure, the illustration indicating, for example, pressures ranging from is carried downwardly to the suppprt or valve seat 43. A check valve 80 coperates with a valve seat 62 formed in the support 43. When the check valve 80 is seatedas is the condition normally under the pressure of the fluid l approaching the same ,through the nipple, it prevents the loss of through the vent 65.

i The stem 57leading downwardly from the check valve 80 coperates with and unseats the usual check valve in the tire, and since the movement of such check valve is less than the length of the projecting end of the stein 5 7, the same pressure will cause the,:ch eck valve 80 to unseat upwardly as 'shown in Fig. 8. This immediately provides freepassage for the air supply downwardly through the tube 8l, filling the tire up to the desired pressure determined, as before, by the strengthis'ofTthefspiring 50. When this pressure is reached, the air pressure acting through the chamber 64 and ports 44 will cause the unseating of the blow-off valve and the dissipation of the excess pressure. The'air is free to pass at all times from the tubeSl to the chamber 64 through ports 82.

-It 'will be suiiicient, therefore, that this construction for automatic delivery of air pressure from a storage tank to a tire will be 0perative up to a certain pressure and will then automatically blow off, giving a signal tothe operator that the required pressure has been received and preventing the over.- charging of the tire. 1

-F ig. 9 is a somewhat diagrammatic view indicating a further modification and showing a check valve 58 seating upwardly .against the`valve seat 62 and preventing the upward flow of air from the tire when the required degree of pressure is received therein.;l 'The blow-off valve 46 is held normallyseated upon a valve seat 43 under the force of the spring 50, the other end of the spring acting against a head 5l movable through a pin or finger piece 42 to provide the maximum and minimum pressure points as previously explained. The valve steam 48 is connected through a rocking lever 83 to aV valve- 84 'held normally open by the spring 50. The main support 43a is bored at 85A to permit the passage of air downwardly to the tire directly and also in the other direction to unseat the blow-off valve when the required pressure is reached, the

valve* 84 closing promptly, however, and stopping the How through the bore or port 85.

It will be seen that in all forms of the invention I provide a safety blow-off valve to indicate that the required degree of pressure is reached in the tire and automatically providing for the dissipation o-r discharge of the excessive pressure, and. that in all forms of the invention I provide a valve seat or supporting structure with which a plurality of'valves cooperate to control the liow of air throughthe vsupport in either or both of two directions.

As shown especially in Fig. l, the check valve 58 is locked upon its stem with respect to the gasket by means of a conical nut whose largest diameter is approximately equal to, the diameter of the check valve seat bore. Said nut being conical enters freely within the valve seat, bringing thel gasket. directlyagainst the seat in such a manner that there is no possibility for the internal pressure to cause the clipping of the gasket and hence the check valve readily unseats when pressed downwardly.

' Referring again to Fig.. it will be 0b` served that since this structure is designed to be used as apressure gage or testing device `for tires previously infiated, the air lcap,'vvhen in normal position as shown, acts to unseat the check valve 58;' hence, by applying ythis structure directly to a valve nipple,the check valve being open will not obstruct the passage of air from the tire through orpast the blow-off valve. I wish it to be noted also that the threaded inner --.ends of the blocks 73 are tapered slightly so 2. In a device of thecharacter set forth,

the combination of a valve casing, supporting means fitted therein and provided with a plurality of passageways for the passage of air in relatively different directions therethrough, said supporting structure having at one end a pair of spaced annular ridges,

certain of said p'assageways communicating with the space between the ridges, and a blow-off valve seated normally upon both of said ridges and closing the space between,

them.

3. In 'a device of the character set forth, the combination of a valve shell, supporting means therein providing a plurality of valve seats coaxially arranged, a tubular stem extending upwardly from the supportin, 'l means, means 'to introduce an air supply through said stem, a check valve coperating with the lower portion of the supporting means and opened b v said air supply up to a predetern'iined degree of pressure, 'said supporting means having upwardly directed ports in communication with the air supply, a blow-ott valve surrounding said stem and subject to the action of air through said ports, and a spring of predetermined strength surrounding said. stem and acting to normally hold the blow-oif valve seated but permitting the excess pressure above the predetermined degree to unseat the blow-oli:1 Vvalve and be discharged into the atmosphere, the check valve automatically closing simultaneously therewith andvretaining the full predetermined amount of pressure below the same.

l. In a device of the character set forth, the combination of a valve casing having a tapered interior, supporting means fitted in said taper and providing upper and lower valve seats` said supporting means having a chamber formed therein and a plurality ot' ports leading upwardly from said chamber, the upper valve seat constituted by a pair of spaced ridges between which said ports pass, aV blow-off valve seated upon said ridges and preventing the passage of air from said space up to a predetermined degree of pressure,'and means to -control the iiow of air through said supporting means.

A5. In a,device of the character set forth, the, combination of a valve casing having tapered interior, a valve seat having a similar taper fitted airtight'within the casing, said valve seat having a plurality of longi- -tudinal ports, a plug likewise fitted. in the lltltl casing against one end of the valve seat,

said plug having a chamber communicating with said ports anda downwardly projecting tubular lvalve seat, a check valve cooperating with the latter mentioned valve seat, a blow-off valve coperating with the other end of theiirst mentioned valve seat,

and means to variably control the action of the blow` off valve upon its seat according to various predetermined degrees of pressure. 6. In a deviceof the character set forth,l the combination of a valve shell, a valve seat,A

lfitted airtightly therein, means to control the downward movement of air vthrough-said valve Seat in one direction up to a predetermined degree of pressure, a'valve seated normally downwardly upon` the valve seat but movable therefrom under the upward force of air through the valve seat when said degree of pressure is exceeded@ spring acting.

upon the valve at one end, a head slidable in the shell and coperatingwith the other end of the spring, and a pin extending through Illl.

the shell into the .head for determining the position'of the head and the force of the Aspring in predetermined quantities.

7. In a device of the 4character set forth,

' the combination of a valve shell having a reinthe reduced extension' of the ,shell,-a` .spring of predetermined strength acting between t-he head and the valve, a shell having a slot adjacent the head, apin extending' through the slot and fitted in the head, and

' a sleeve fitted upon the shell extension and adjustably determining the position and effectof the spring. a

8. In a device of the character -set forth,

the combination of'a valve shell, means with'- p able blocks fitted in said body andhaving gripping means ontheir inner ends and lonn gitudinally arranged guide' pins engaging' in the shell to control the passage of air supply downwardly therethrough up to a'predetermined' degree of pressure in the tire, a blow-off valve acting in the other direction automatically to dischargepressure above the predeterminedA degree aforesaid, an attachment bodyseciired to the shell and provided with recesses, a pair of radially mov"` thel recesses of the body, and a thimble slid able upon the body to force the blocks d irectly into engagement with the tire nipple;

9. In a device of the character setforth, shell, a valve seat in the shell and having va central opening, an annular groove in one face and ports extending through the same and opening into the groove, a sliding and spring .pressed blow-o valve for engaging Isaid seat, a second valve seat adjacent the first seat and having van 4opening in alinement 'with the central opening of the irst seat and va chamber in one yface and into which open the ports of the first seat, and a check for the second seat and having a stem extending through the said valve seats.

10.V In a device of the character set forth, a shell, a valve seat in the shell and having a central tn bular stem, an annular groove in `one face and ports extending through the same and opening into the groove, a sliding .and `spring pressed blow-off valve mounted on the tubular stem, a second 4valve seat adjacent tlie first valve seat and having a central opening and a chamber `in one face around said opening, and a check valve for the second seat and having a stem extending 1 through the opening of the second seat into the tubular stem of the first seat.

1l. In a device of the character set forth, a shell having a port in its side, an adjustable headin the shell, a valve seat in the shell and between which and the head the port is lr cated, lsaid seat having a central tubular stem and an annular groove in one face and ports extending through the same and open ing'into the groove,a blow-off valve mount ed to slide on the stem of the said seat, a spring surroundingithesaid tubular stein between the head and valve, a second valve seat engaging the first valvc and seat and having a chamber in its face next to the first seat and provided with a tubular projection on its other face, and a check valve engaging the said tubular projection and having a.l stem extendingthrough the same into the tubular stem of the first valve seat.

1 2, In a device of the character set forth, a shell having a bayonetl slot, a head in the shell, a sleeve slidable on the shell, a pin secured tothe sleeve and head, said pin working in the slot of the shell, a valve seat in the shell and havinga tubular stem extending through the head and having its projecting end threaded, a nut on the said threaded end,-

a, blow-off valve mounted to slide on the valveseat, and -a spring surrounding the stem of the valve seat between said Seat and the head.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SAMUEL KAHN.

Witnesses:

GEOS Il. Biennali, PHILIP D; RoLLHAUs.

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