US1165835A - Gas-burner. - Google Patents

Description

E. BIRKHOLL GAS BURNER.

APPLICATIONfILED SEPT.2I- 1914.

1,165,835. Patented Dec.28,'1915.

ERNEST BIRKHOLZ, OF CHICAGO,

rumors,

assrenon 'ro ans nrnmonz comment,

I or cmcneo, Immerse CORPORATION or rumors I eas-nunnnn.

' maximum Specification of Letters Patent.

' Application filed September $31, 1914.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNEST BIRKHOLZ, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to gas burners, and

refers particularly, although not exclusively,-

to burners of relatively large size for use in connection with the burning of blast furnace gas, producer gas, coke oven gas, and the like.

My burner is particularly useful in. connection with the heating of blast furnace stoves, boilers, foundry ladles, crucibles, and for other purposes where a relatively large amount of heat is required.

I have tested many styles of. gasburners which have heretofore been used for the purposes which I have enumerated-above, but a great disadvantage has been that owing to their construction an intimate mixture of gas and air in proper proportions has not'taken actual burning of the. gas. The result-of this improper and only partial mixture of gas and air has been that the combustion of the gas has been relativel slo'w, causing a 0 long flame with comparatively low temperature.

It is the object of my invention to provide a burner in which the air and gas are -inti- .mately mixed with each other before. reaching the zone of. combustion, while at the same time the relative proportions of gas and air-are accurately controlled to give the desired results. 'My burner, ciples which tail hereafter, ture of gas and air in proper proportions causes a quick combustion with a short flame of intense heatfl When used in connection with a boiler, for example, this 'rapid combustion also results in complete combustion, since if the combustion is not rapid the gas and air become rapidly cooled when brought into contact with the boiler tubes, and the gas is no longer capable of being completely oxidized. Y

1 have found that by the use of my improved burner coal dust and the "like which may be mixed burned, since the zone of combustion does whereas by the use construct the burner that the burner as app e residing in such burners place prior to the built according to the pring will be described'morein deby reason of theintimate mix 7 number of such sprocket wheels ofa with the gas are completely Patented nee. as, 11ers. Serial No. 862,691.

not'reach the,boiler tubes and a .deposit of dust on the latter is prevented. By actual eitperiments I have demonstrated that as high as $877 of the heat units in the gas is communicated to the water in a boiler, of many other types of burners w ch ll have tested not higher than ,50 to 55% of the heat units in the utilized.v a 7 A further object of my invention is to so combustion of t e gas may be readily observed at all times. 0 These and other advantages of my inventlon will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which' v Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my 1 d to a boiler (the wall of the latter belng hownin section); Fig. 2 is av vertical longitudinal section of the burner shown in Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a fragmentar'v igptiogn and end elevation on the'line 33 0r 'The gas inlet pipe 10 is preferably bent, and at its inner end 11 is of constricted sectipnal area in order to form a throttle. The a1r tube 12 enters the gas tube 10 through a wall thereof at substantially a right-angle to the plane ofthe inner end 11 and terminates at its inner end near the throttled end 11 of the gas tube 10. The air tube 12 has at its inner end the gas valve 13, which fits snugly within ,the air tube 12 and has an inner end 14 of gradually decreasing diameter, this end 14 being provided with the air inlet opening 15. The gas valve 13 has threaded engagement with the regulating rod 16 by means of'the lug 17.,- The air tube 12 isprovided with the keytigay 18, which engages the groove 19 in the gas valve 13.

The adjustingrod 16 has the wheel 20 at its outer end, and is supported by the bearing lug 21 formed integral with the air tube 12. The collars 22' are anchored to the regulating rod 16 on each side of the bearing lug 21. It will be evident that on rotation of the adjusting rod 16 the gas valve 13 is moved inwardly or outwardly, as the case may be, and is thus readily adjusted to a desired position. I prefer to make the wheel 20 in.the form of a sprocket wheel so that a P rality of burners may. be. connected by a chain and operated simultaneously-if desired. the gas valve 13 is moved ingas is thus cated in dotted lines in Fig. 2 ;;gas through the throttled end 11 of the as "tube 1'0 is decreased, whereas if the gas vaIve 13' is moved outwardly the flow. of such gas osition indi (forexample, to the theflow of is increased, The outer end of the air tube 12 isjclosed -by the-cap 23, thrpu h an aperture of whloh the adjusting ro j.' Ihe end 'wall 24 of the cap 23 contains the windowk2fi, of'glass or similar transparent material, through which an operator may.

' watch 'theentire operation of the burner,

this-portion of the air tube 12 is the ring valve-.27 hav ng therein the apertures 28- which means of This is agoint of great advantage.

Towar itsouter end the air tube 12 is provided with the apertures 26. Encireling ay; be brought in regi'ster-with'the apertures 26 by turning the valve 27 by thus. be [readily regulated .by .the ring '36 hnvin'gjthc handle "37-, this ring valve 36 having..aperture s' 38 which may be brought. into "register with theapertures- 33 of the v 'gasjinlet' portion 32 of-thecasting :31. It

valve-27;

. is a casting, indicated as: a wh le byn31,

' this castingcomprising three portions: first, the air. inlet portion with apertures .portion 34; and,'third, the diverging per-- Thedivergingportion'35 is prefera'bly' of the same length as the endpor-i 32,'which is provided 33 second, the converging tion 35:

tien 1 4 of thegas valve 13 and has a chrved inner surface, for plal'ned hereafter: Exterior to the-air inlet portion32 of the casting 31." is the ring valve .will be eizidentj that by rotation-of therin Y-va'lve 36. the amount of air. passing throug the apertures .38 and 33 into the air passage 39' located betweenthe outer. surface of the I Igas' tube 10- 'and theinner surface of the :Edrtions '32 and 34: of thecasting 31 may accurately regulated,

i In constructing my burner-"the throttled endjllfofthegasinlettube 10 is located the .inner end- I the diverging portion 40 5s thefslightly converging combustion- '1;1'ozz 1e -.-42. The circular support 43 1s fas- "boiler. or the slightly exterior to between the portions 1 ing. 31. Attachedto the. exterior surface v of the portion 35 ot the casting 31 "is the 'metal .1ncIosing ;wal l'-40, -.whieh is thereby ,formed a mixing "chamber. 41 continuous with the interior of 35 of 'the'Icasting 31. Fittedto the inner end of the inclosing wall tened'totlie wallet) and to the wall 44 of a like, andis provided with an air "inletportion/i5 spaced outwardly from the wall 400tthe mixin'gchamber 41, and. hasj'thereid'ia:"series.of apertures 46' con-1 .trolled -ghyv the "ring v 16 passes. I

.outer end of the thehandle 29. i The amount ofprl .inary air adm tted to the air tube 12 may ddto the fia nge3O of the gas tube gas reasons that will 'be'extube 11 and of the then, on account ofthe diameter than thedidiverging portion preferably in the the. point of junction 34:' 9.I1( 1 35 of the cast; 1

creased by moving wardly, the

the air tube 12 is lve 47 having the I messes dle 48 and provided with apertures 13. I annular air assage 50 is provided around the mner end the combustion nozzle {12, this air postage extend ng from the support 43 to the inner end. of the combustion nozzle 42, which 'is' preferably located .in the same plane with.

of. the mixingchamber 41 and,

the inner surface 51- of the wall of the boiler or the like with which the burner is designed to be used. p I

I Having thus described the construction of 3 my improvedburner, the operation of the same; may now be'i'eadily understood: From. a suitable source oflsupply gasenters the as inlet tube 10 and thence passes'th'rough t er 41.- On ace=throttled end 11 of saidtube mto' the mixing chamb count 'of the fact that the thermal units in combustion that' the amount of gasadmitted rotating the creased,

tube 101and thenjpast-the inner end of the gas valve 13, 'air 1s drawn through the air tube '12 and through the a erture 15 in the end of the gas valve 13. 11 account of the shape of the. throttled end' of -the gasinlet inner end of thegas-valve gas is first directed toward the cen- 13 the tral axis of the mixing chamber 41, -and fact'that this mixing chamber is of greater ameterof the throttled end 11 of the gas inlet pipe-10, the gas'ex go toward the wall 40' o the mixing chamher. In order that this latter action may not be interrupted, the inner surface of the 3519f the casting 31 is' shape of 'a gradual curve; The ,air, being introduced into the central portion of the gas, intimately mixes therewith. If the proportion of primary airthus the. air tube 12 is not introduced through correct owing to varylng conditions, the air may be increased or decreased by regulation of'the ring valve 2(.- As the amount of gas admittedto the mixing chamber 41 is deamount of automatically decreased on'account ofthe fact that .the inner end of the gas valve 13 has been moved into a plane in which the-diameter of the diverging portion 35 of the casting '31 has increased, thereby decreasing the velocity of the gas passing the opening-15 of the gas valve 13.- 'order to keepthe proportion of gas and the gasv valve 13 'in-. air drawn throughands :and tends toise meaeaa air constant, I preferabl construct the converging. portion M o 13' of the same. length as the diverging portion 35 of'the casting 31 and the portion 14 decreases in diameter at substantially the same rate th t the portion 35 increases. Additional pi 1a .air' is introduced through the-apertures33 and 38, the amount of such air being regulated by the position of the ring valve 36. This additional primaryaIr after passing through the aper-- tures just mentioned passes throu h e annular air passage 39, and being dlrected toward the central axis of the mixing chamber t1 it becomes intimately mixed with the gas, which, as pointed out above, is first directed toward the central axis of the mixing chamber, and then on expanding tends to move toward the wall 40 of the mixing chamber. By thus introducinga portion of the primary air into the central portion of the gas through the air tube 12 and the gas valve 13. andthe balance of the primary ai'r through the annular air passage 39 around the periphery of the gas inlet tube, it will be evident that a very thorough mixtureof gas and air takes lace.- This mixed gas and".'air during 'thelr passage through the mixing chamber 41 become completely mixed with each other, and this mixture finally passes but to the combustion chamber through the restricted combustion nozzle 42. The object of restricting thecombustion nozzle 42 is to slightly increase the velocityv that'the primary air lsdrawn into, the burner entirely by the suction efiect of the gas, it will be evident that the amount of primary air is necessarilylimited on account of the fact that. the more air thus introduced the slower will be the expulsion of the gas and air mixture from. the combustion nozzle, with the consequent greater danger of firing back. A second objection -to the introductit) tit

tion of too'. much primary airwith the gas is that the mixture is thus rendered more inflammable, with consequent increased danger of firing back. By introducing the requisite amount of air to insure complete combustion in the'form of secondary .air, in the manner which I have described, all danger of firing back is avoided, while at the same time rapid and complete combustion results.

It, will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many changes could be made in the detailed construction of the various parts which I have described without departing the gas valve from the spirit or scope of my invention, as defined in the appended claims.

What I claim is: a 1. In a gas burner, the combination of a gas tube, an air tube projecting into said gas'tube, a window in the outer end of said air tube, and a ring valve encircling said air tube exterior to said' gas tube for controlling the. amount of air admitted to said air tube.

2. In a gas burner, the combination of a gas tube-having a constricted inner end, an air tube passing into said gas tube and havlng its outer end projectlng therefrom, a rmgvalve for controlling the amount of air admltted to said air tube, a 'window in the outer end of said air tube, an annular air passage around the constricted end of said gas .tube, a ring valve for controlling the entrance of air. into said air passage, and a mixing chamber communicating with said gas and air tubes and with said annular air passage.

3. In a gas burner,.the combination of a curved gas tube, an air tube projecting into said gas tube zit substantially a right-angle to the plane of the inner end of said gas tube, means for controlling the entrance of air into said air tube, a valve controlled annular air passage aroundthe inner end of said gas tube, a mixing chamber communicating with said gas and air tubes and with said annular v passage, and. a valve-controlled passage around the periphery of the inner portion of said mixing chamber.

4. In a gas burner, the combination of a gas tube, an a1r tube passing into said gas tube' and having its outer end projectingtherefrom, aring valve for'oontrolling the amount of air admitted tosaid air tube, a window in the outer end of said air tube, an annular air passage around the inner endof said gas tube, and a valve for controlling the entrance of air into said air passage.

lot

5. In a gas l urner, the combination of a I gas tube having a converging inner end, an

Illtl air tube projectinginto said gas tube, a

casing having its interior communicating with said gas tube and Having a portion of graduall increasing diameter extending from su stantially the plane of the inner end of said gas tube, and an annular passage for introducing additional air into said casing at its portion of minimum diameter.

6. In a gas burner, the combination of a gas tube'having a converging inner end, an air tube projecting into said gas tube, an open-ended tube valve carried by the inner end of said air tube at the inner end of said gas tube, and means for actuating said valve, whereby the amount of gas passing through said gas tube may be regulated.

'7. In a gas burner, the combination of a I gas tube having a converging inner end, an air tube projectmg into said as tube, an open-ended tube valve carried y the lnner end of said air tube at the inner end of said In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe gas tube, means for actuating said valve, my namethis- 17th day offieptember, A. D., 10 whereby the amount of gas passing through 1914.

said gas tube may be regulated,iand a di- ERNEST BIRKHOLZ" verging casing having its interior communieating with said gas tube and its portion of Witnesses:

minimum diameter substantially in the plane HENRY M. HUxLEY, of the inner end of said gas tube. L. E. HANNEN.

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