US1161485A - Vapor electric device. - Google Patents

Description

. www N NL A. E` LBLAN.

VPOR ELECTRIC DVCE.

APPLICATION mso MAR. x8, w13.

1,161,485, mlm Nov. uns.

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UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

MAURICE AUGUSTE EUGENE LEBLANC, OF SURESNES, NEAR PARIS, FBI-ANCE, ASSIGNOR T0 COOPER HEWITT ELECTRIC COMPANY, 0F HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY. A CORPORA- TION OE NEW JERSEY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 23, 1915.

Application f11ed March 18, 1913. Serial No. 755,131.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, MAURICE' AUGUSTE EUGENE LEBLANC, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Suresnes, near Paris,

France, have invented certain new and use- `ful Improvements in Vapor' Electric De vices, of which the following is a specification. i.

This invention relates to vapor electric apparatus and more particularly to vapor electric lamps of the type for instance as described in the specifications of Letters Patent Nos. 923124 and 939708, in which the luminous portion or lighting tube of the container is provided at either end with receptacles open to the atmosphere and containing the mercurj7 or other vaporizable conducting material employed, these receptacles as well as the lightingtube beino preferably composed of quartz or other refractory transparent material.

Vapor electric lamps of the above general character are now well known, and the present invention has for its object to` provide an improved construction which shallv increase the useful' life of the lamp, improve its eiiiciency ofoperation and enable the light thereof to be more effectively utilized for illuminating purposes than has hitherto been possible.

In order that the nature of the invention may be clearly understood a preferred form of lamp embodying the improvements constituting the subject-matter of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which- Figure 1 is a view in front elevation,

' partly sectional, of the lamp, Fig. 2 being a plan View of the same.

Referring now to the drawings, the container 1 ,of tl. lamp comprises a lighting tube 2 in the form of a vertical loop, the end portions 3 of which are adjacent to one another at the basepf the loop and are each connected to a mercury receptacle 4 provided with suitable tubular projections 5 through which the leading-in wires for connecting thelamp to a source of electric current are introduced.

The receptacles i above referred to are of cylindrical form having their axes slightly inclined to the horizontal so that those portions of e'ach of the receptacles 4 to which the end portions 3 of the lighting tube 2 are connected, are somewhat lower than the op-v posite ends of the receptacles to which the tubular projections 5 containing the leadingin wires are attached.

`The lighting tube 2 of the container 1 is provided on its upper surface with a pocket or cavity 6 formed in the wall of the tube 2, the latter of which is so arranged that its plane is inclinedv at an angle of approximately 450 with the plane containing the mercury receptacles l and the tubular projections 5 carrying the leading-in wires. The lighting tube 2 is also provided at or near .its upper portion with a tubular extension Z vsurrounded by a heating coil 21 connected up between the main lead and serving. The connections of the coil 21 are plain from the drawing. The conductor 22, the lead wire 23, and the side tube, 2i, combined with the coil 21 explain the connections to vaporize the mercury or other liquid conducting ma'- terial contained in the tubular extension 7 for the purpose of starting the lamp into operation. l

The tubular projections 5 above referredv to are arranged to be supported at their npper portions by a horizontal rod or tube 8 of quartz located above the lighting tube 2 and the container is mounted as a whole in a su-itable frame arranged substantially in alinement with the mercury receptacles 4 and the portions 5 of the container' in which ,the leading-in wires are located.

of, the portions of the tubular projections 5 immediately below the partition 9 being formed into bulbs as shown in Fig. 1.

The leading-in wires as above stated are introduced through the tubular projections 5, one of these wires being indicated at 12. The hwire 12 is located Iina tube 13, the lower end of which is connected to one 'of the tubular projections 5 at a point below the normal level of the mercury within the con- 'tainer 1, the wire -12 passing through the open upper end of the tube. 13 and projecting from the lower end of this tube through the aperture 10 into the tubular projections 5;

Ain auxiliary leading-in wire 14. is provided in one of they tubular projections 5, this wire being connected to the heating resistance surrounding the tubular extensions The mercury receptacles l are preferably each provided. with a cylindrical body l15 of iron, nickel, nickel-plated copper or other mercury and is at thesame time a'good conductor of heat. The bodies 15 replace a portion of the'mercury which would otherwise 'p be contained within' the receptacles 4- and thus enable receptacles having a greater ra- 2 dieting surface for a given volumetric ca- `pacity `to be employed, thereby facilitating .the dissipation of heat generated in.the lamp. During the operation of the lamp above l .Il dgcribed bubbles of air or. othev gas which my be disengaged from the body of the mercury or other vaporizable material em- Lloyod will, if occurring in the lighting 2, pass upward toward the top of the 80 lighting tube and eventually ente-r the pocket or yity 6 in which they are entrappedso Il' not to interfere with the eliicient operation of -the lamp. Any bubbles similarly formed inthe receptacles 4 pass upward and ..gutwtrd into the tubular projections 5, and

' 'npon reaching the bulbous portions of the tubular p j'ec'tions 5 the bubbles will be entra pod therein. A

will be readily understood by; those suitable material which is not attacked byl *med in the art, it is a matter offconsidcrible diiculty to formthe apertures 10 atV the hose of the conical partitions 9 exactly t0 required dimensions so that the cross 'sectional' areas of the apertures. 10 are r'not usually thesame in the case of thef' conical 'partition in the tworeceptacles` 5. The relaiz inequalityv in the cross-sectional areas o tures is evidently augmented owingto the reduction in the available area of these apertures due tothe passage of the wire l0 therethrough. The inequality above referred to evidently tends to render the facility with which the mercury can rise and fallin the receptacles 5 different in the tivo rebeptacles, so that as the .mercury passes into and out of the two receptacles as the lamp is started and extinguished, the greater impedance offered to the flow of mercury by one or other of the .apertures 10 tends to cause the relative quantities of mercury in the two receptacles to become different from I one. another. The additionalaperture l1 vprovided in each of the conical partitions!) e passagesconstituted by the two apen' 6.5 serves to prevent such inequality by providin said tubular projections.

ing an additional passage through the partition. This additional passage being a. simple perforation in the wall of the partition. its cross-sectional area can be more accu rately determined than is possible in the case of the apertures 10 at the extremity' of the conical partition.

The inclination of the plane of the loop constituting the lighting tube to the plane of the remainder of the container prevents the mercury receptacles at the base of the container and the vertical portions thereof from casting objectionable shadows and the frame carrying the container being as above described substantially in alinement with' 80 the mercury receptacles and the terminals of the lamp, are equally prevented from intertering with the general distribution of the light produced at the lighting tube.

The invention is evidentlyV capable of being carried into practice in alvariety of Ways other than that described above and suitable modifications to meet the requirements of any particular` conditions may be made Without exceeding the scope of the invention.

" What I claim is:- A

y 1. The combination in a vapor electrc'de- .vice of receptacles for the vaporizableV ma` terial, a tubular member connecting said receptacles, a tubular projection connected to each of said receptacles, a conical parti tion located within each of said tubular projections, and means for preventing iin-unequal accumulation of vaporizable material 2. The combination in a vapor electric dev.vice .of receptacles for the vaporizable ma 'terial, alooped member connecting said receptacles, tubular projections connected to each of said receptacles, a conical partition located in each of said tubular projections and a leadingfin wire locatedv in each of said tubular projections fand passing loosely through said conical partition.

l 3. The combination infavapor electricde vice of receptaclesfor the vaporizable material, a looped tubular member connecting said receptacles, a `tubular projection con nected to each of saidreceptacles and projecting vertically upward, leading-in Wires and externally projecting tubes throughA which the said Wires pass into the said tubular projections. i

4. The combination in a vapor electric de`- vice of rece tacles for the vaporizable nia-1.120 terial, a tu ular member connecting said receptacles, an upwardly extending 'tubular' projection located uponand in connection with each of saidreceptacles, a`leading-in f Wire located Within'oneof said tubular pro jections, a leading-in -wire entering the other of said tubular'projections below the normal level of the vaporizable material thereinpa third leading-in wire 'also located in the last mentioned projection and means for pre- 13d renting :i short circuit hetneen the lendingin uil-es loeuted in the tuhulztr projection when the device is inoperative.

5. 'l'he conihiuutiou in u vapor electric device ol :i pull ol. receptacles lor the. vuporizuhle inziteriul. :in up\\':udl extending looped tuhulzir lueiuher connecting suid receptacles. :in upwurdlr extending tuhulur projection l'or eau-h ot' said receptucles. :i perforated eonieul partition loeuted in euch of suid receptaclesA und u lending-in wire pussing through :1u aperture iu the buse of euch of said partitions.

t5, The eoluhnuition in u rupor electric device of receptacles Jfor the vuporizuble Inu teriul, u looped tubular rneinher connecting said receptacles und bodies of material huring :i higher thermal conductivit)v thun the vuporizuhle material located within said receptacles.

In testimony whereof l hure hereunto set my hand in presence of t\\ o subscribing witnesses.

MAURICE AUGUSTE EUGNE LEBLANC.

Witnesses GEORGE E. LIGnT, LUeiEN llniuus'ci;L

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