US115926A - Improvement in electroplating with tin - Google Patents
Improvement in electroplating with tin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US115926A US115926A US115926DA US115926A US 115926 A US115926 A US 115926A US 115926D A US115926D A US 115926DA US 115926 A US115926 A US 115926A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tin
- solution
- hydrate
- improvement
- electroplating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 28
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 26
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 title 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940009188 silver Drugs 0.000 description 8
- -1 electricity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940035295 Ting Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001241 britannia metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/30—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of tin
Definitions
- I In carrying out my invention of improvements in the electro-depositiou of tin I first take a given quantity of-tin, by preference in a pure state but what is commercially known and sold as tin may be employed, which I dissolve in chlorhydric, and precipitate the same by means of a solution of crude potassic hydrate. I then wash the precipitated tin free from acid, after which I add a quantity of potassic hydrate and also of cyanide of potassium, and then raise the temperature by preference to a point just below that at which the solution will boil. This, however, maybe varied; and when the solution has thus been heated I add a quantity of solution ofcalcic hydrate.
- I suspend sheets of tin and also the articles to be coated with the same, which will be previously prepared as is usual when eoatingarticles by the electro-deposition of metal, and will be understood by persons acquainted with the electro deposition of metals.
- the tin and the articles to be coated are then connected with the battery in the usual manner, and the articles to be coated are retained a greater or lesser time in the solution, according to the quantity or thickness of tin required to be deposited on their surface.
- the quantity of ingredients may be varied; but I have used a bath of the following composition: In ten gallons of water, eight hundred and twentysix grains tin in solution, two and one-half pounds potassic hydrate, one-halt pound cyanide of potassium, and one hundred grains of calcic hydrate. These proportions will be constantly varying, according to the heat of the solution and the state of electric current, and the quantity of metal becoming dissolved and deposited; thus avariation in the quantities of the several ingredients will be caused, which can only be determined and altered by a practical operator in accordance with the requirements of his solution.
- the metals and alloys which I am enabled to coat by this process are copper, brass, sil-- ver, iron, nickle, zinc, lead, britannia metal, alloys of manganese, gold, steel, platinum, or any useful alloys of the above.
- This invention is also applicable to the pre vention of the oxidization or tarnishing of silver surfaces by the deposit-ion of slight or heavy coatings of tin upon the surface of the silver exposed to atmospheric influence.
- the solution hereinbefore described maybe made from several precipitates of tin, provided always that potassic hydrate, cyanide of potassium, and calcic hydrate are left in the final solution 5 and also the same result may be obtained by dissolving the tin into the solution above named by the aid of electricity; but the means I have quoted I believe to be the most convenient for the chemist.
Description
names Unrrnn Srla'rns Parana fission.
JOHN EDWARD BINGHAllI, OF VICTORIA PARK, SHEFFIELD, GREAT BRITAIN.
- IMPROVEMENT IN ELECTROPLA'TING WITH TIN.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. ll5,9:26, dated June 13, 1871.
' applicable to the prevention of the oxidization or tarnishing of silver surfaces and as a coatmg for other metals.
Nature and Objects of the Invention.
In carrying out my invention of improvements in the electro-depositiou of tin I first take a given quantity of-tin, by preference in a pure state but what is commercially known and sold as tin may be employed, which I dissolve in chlorhydric, and precipitate the same by means of a solution of crude potassic hydrate. I then wash the precipitated tin free from acid, after which I add a quantity of potassic hydrate and also of cyanide of potassium, and then raise the temperature by preference to a point just below that at which the solution will boil. This, however, maybe varied; and when the solution has thus been heated I add a quantity of solution ofcalcic hydrate. In the solution thus obtained I suspend sheets of tin and also the articles to be coated with the same, which will be previously prepared as is usual when eoatingarticles by the electro-deposition of metal, and will be understood by persons acquainted with the electro deposition of metals. The tin and the articles to be coated are then connected with the battery in the usual manner, and the articles to be coated are retained a greater or lesser time in the solution, according to the quantity or thickness of tin required to be deposited on their surface.
The quantity of ingredients may be varied; but I have used a bath of the following composition: In ten gallons of water, eight hundred and twentysix grains tin in solution, two and one-half pounds potassic hydrate, one-halt pound cyanide of potassium, and one hundred grains of calcic hydrate. These proportions will be constantly varying, according to the heat of the solution and the state of electric current, and the quantity of metal becoming dissolved and deposited; thus avariation in the quantities of the several ingredients will be caused, which can only be determined and altered by a practical operator in accordance with the requirements of his solution. In the event of the equilibrium of the solution not being maintained in so far as regards the heat, quantity of metal, electricity, or chemicals used, the deposit obtained from this solution is liable to become rough, in which event the articles should be taken out and brushed with wirebrushes, as is usual in the manufacture of elcctro-coated or plated articles, and again passed into the solution; and in the case of large articles the granular soft or surplus de posit must be removed by an ordinary brush, or a cloth and sand, or by any other convenient method. r
The metals and alloys which I am enabled to coat by this process are copper, brass, sil-- ver, iron, nickle, zinc, lead, britannia metal, alloys of manganese, gold, steel, platinum, or any useful alloys of the above.
This invention is also applicable to the pre vention of the oxidization or tarnishing of silver surfaces by the deposit-ion of slight or heavy coatings of tin upon the surface of the silver exposed to atmospheric influence.
The solution hereinbefore described maybe made from several precipitates of tin, provided always that potassic hydrate, cyanide of potassium, and calcic hydrate are left in the final solution 5 and also the same result may be obtained by dissolving the tin into the solution above named by the aid of electricity; but the means I have quoted I believe to be the most convenient for the chemist.
Hayin g thus described the nature of my invention and the means by which the same may be carried into effect, I claim- The solution composed of tin, potassic hydrate, cyanide of potassium, and calcic hydrate, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified. I JOHN EDIVARD BINGHAM.
- W'itnesses ARTHUR Wienrnmn, Solicitor,
George street, Shefiield.
Jonas ARUNDEL, his Clerk,
George street, Shcfiield,
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US115926A true US115926A (en) | 1871-06-13 |
Family
ID=2185385
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US115926D Expired - Lifetime US115926A (en) | Improvement in electroplating with tin |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US115926A (en) |
-
0
- US US115926D patent/US115926A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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