US1158822A - Elastic piston for apparatus influenced by the expansion of a liquid through heat. - Google Patents

Description

F. w. LORENZ.

ELASTICPISTON FOR APPARATUS INFLUENCED BY THE EXPANSION OF A LIQUID THROUGH HEAT.

' APPLICATION FILED JAN. 20. 1915.

1,1 58,822; v Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

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FRIEDRICH WILHELM LORENZ, OF NEUSS-ON-TEE-RHINE, GERMANY.

ELASTIC PISTON FOR APPARATUS INFLUENCED BY THE EXPANSION 0F A'LIQUID THROUGH HEAT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

Application filed January 20, 1915. Serial No. 3,329.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRIEDRICH W LHELM Lorenz, a subjectof the German Emperor, and resident of Neuss-on-the-Rhme, Germany, have mvented certain new and useful Improvements in Elastic Pistons for Apmechanisms, safety-valves, irr'igationapparatus and the like, with one word, for any apparatus and devices working with expanding liquids.

The present invention refers to elastic pistons and the like for closing or opening valve-holes, for liftingor lowering leverarms, weights and loads of any kind, for giving and cutting-out signals and signs and the like, for switching in and out motors, contacts and the like, for setting pencils and recorders and the like in and out of work, without use of stuifing-boxes and the like. As already known I may cite: (l) Devices working with expanding liquids, in which a metal hose is made use of as packing for a rigid metal piston. (2) Apparatus working with the same liquid, in which the expanding means, viz. the liquid is inclosed in the metal hose. (3) To apply devices, in which a piston is shifted by a heated mercury-column and packed through stuffing-boxes. All these apparatus present, however, considerable drawbacks, inasmuch, as they work satisfactorily, as a rule, only for a short time, where upon they slacken in their working and finally stop working at all. The metal hose used with the devices cited under (1) and (2) loses its tension with the least overheating and is consequently over-strained and with the apparatus cited under. (2) there is a further drawback, viz. that in most cases it proves necessary to use an extremely long hose in order to obtain the lift absolutely necessary, which fact produces unways theirelasticity if exposed to strong varlatlons of. the temperature. With the apparatus cited under (3) the stuffing-boxes must often be tightened in order to keep the plston completely packed, in consequence whereof the piston works with difficulty and, when shifted by the mercury, it seldom returns into its original position. But if the packlng is not sufficiently tightened, the mercury, or any other expanding liquid made use of, Wlll evaporate rendering thereby the working of the apparatus impossible, not to speak of the fact that the packing is, in course of time, completely destroyed by the heat. All these drawbacks are done away by the present invention.

The usual piston of metal or the like is completely omitted and substituted by a spirally wound metal hose. The latter can also be constructed in such a manner that the undulations which almost touch each other run strongly contracted toward the middle.

The object of the present invention is represented in the subjoined' drawing, forming part of this specification, e. g. as a suctiongovernor in a warm-water-tank.

In the accompanying drawing :Figure 1 shows a vertical section of an elastic piston inserted in a warm water tank, and Fig. 2, a similar view partly in elevation of a modified form of the applicants device.

In this drawing a, .is the warm-watertank, Z) the suction-governor, c the shell of the suction-governor, fthe bottom of the shell with the filling screw g, k is the outer metal hose of greater diameter, in which the inner metal hose i of less diameter is inclosed and soldered or secured in any suitable manner on the bottom of the outer metal hose h and la is the screw cap of the inner metal hose.

Furthermore, Z is theuppcr shroud ring of the suction governor b, fitted with thread in order to be screwed into the tank, boiler and the like a, to which ring the outer of the two metal hose is soldered; m is a hex agonal head; 71. is the superior guide-sleeve for the inner metal hose 6, which latter passes through the shroud ring Z, the hexagonal head m and the guide-sleeve n. The space between the shell 0 and the outer metal hose h, as well as the inner metal hose 11 are filled with an expanding liquid of any kind. The two metal hose cased one in the other, or rigidly connected in any other suitable manner with each other constitute toj gether the elastic piston forming the object of the present, application for Letters Patent.

The working of the piston is now the following: If the water or the like is heated in the tank, boiler a; or the like, the expanding liquid in the apparatus 2) will, of course, also be heated and consequently expanded. By the expansion of the liquid inclosed in the apparatus 6 the outer metal hose 7:. will be compressed, thereby lifting at'the' same time the metal hose 6 rigidly connected with it. This inner metal hose i will, however, be expanded by the liquid therein inclosed, so that a very great lift will result therefrom, namely the lift of the compressed outer metal hose it plus the lift of the elongated inner metal hose z. The two hose may thus be only short end to obtain a very great lift.

With very high temperatures and superheated steam the outer shell 0 is surrounded by another shell 77, see Fig. 2, and in such case the air between the two shells 0 and p of the suction-governor serves as 'a 'non conducting material. Also other non-con-, ducting materials, such as asbestos or liquids of difficult heating and the like may be inserted into the space between the two shells of the suction-governor.

The upper end of the outer shell 7) is I provided with a collar threaded to receive the ring Z, this part of the shell 79 also being provided with external threads for a nut s between which and the collar, the wall of the tank a is clamped.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is 1. In elastic pistons for devices of any kind, influenced by the expansion of a liquid through heat, the combination of a metal hose of a convenient diameter, with another hose ofless diameter inclosed in the first hose and rigidly connected with the same atone end, both being displaceable relative to each other at the other end whereby the expanding liquid is adapted to fill the inner hose and to surround the outer hose, substantially as set forth.

2. In elastic pistons actuated by a pressure medium, the combination of an undulated metal hose closed at one end, a similar outer hose surrounding said first hose and connected therewith at the open end of said inner hose so as to provide entrance to the inner but not to the outer hose, a carrying a second inner shell, suitably connected to produce a space between them, said space being filled with a non-conductive material such as air, asbestos and the like; a metal hose rigidly connected at one end to said inner shell, a bottom at the free end of said hose, :1. second metal hose within said first hose and rigidly secured at one end to said bottom, but free to expand at its opposite end which is provided with a suitable closure, there being free communication between the inside medium, whereby, on pressure being applied, said outer hose will be compressed while the inner hose will simultaneously be elongated.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses. FRIEDRICH WILHELM LORENZ. [L. 8.] Witnesses: I HELEN NUFER, ALBERT Norma.

said member having a port

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