US1158063A - Controlling mechanism for fuel-pumps. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Oct. 26

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

B. KRNIER.

CONTHOLLING NIECHANISNI FOR FUEL PUMPS. APPLlc/moN FILED SEPT. 30. 1913.

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B. KRIVIER.

CONTROLLING MECHANISIVI FOR FUEL NTFS. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 30,'1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Witra asses: Inventor:

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Patntel 00's. 26, 1915.y I

B. KRMER.

CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR FUEL PUMPS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 30, 1913. v

Patented Oct. 26, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Witness@ r Invemor;

Bef-mbar" Krmer;

safe ari BERNHARD Kam/IEE, or CHARLOTTENEUEG, GERMANY, Assioivoia `ro GEEErLan y ELECTRIC COMPANY, a coieroiearioiv or NEW Yoan.

aisance..

TaaZZ 'whom it may concern.' l u l Be it known that l, BERNHARD KRMER; asubject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at Charlottenburg, Germany, have invented certain new and useful llmprove- .ments inControlling Mechanism for Fuel- Pumps,of which the following is a specification.'

The presentinvention relates to pumps for supplying fuel to internal combustion enginesand especially'v to those operating on ythe high compression cycle. In such en-- gines fuel has to be delivered'to the combustion chamber in carefully regulated amounts which vary with changes in loadthereon. The preferred practice is to have a fuel pump for each engine cylinderand to deliver fuel. directly from each pump to .itsv corresponding engine cylinder. Under some conditions it is desirable to cut one or more pumps out of service, as for example where, the load is very light or where one of lthe engine cylinders is not working properly. .It also sometimes happens that it is ofithe greatest importance to shut down the engine-` qui'cklymeither by hand or in response to speed conditions.

My invention has for its'object to provide an improved controlling mechanism for fuel pumpswhich will fulil.the -requirements above specified and at the same time be sim ple and vrugged in construction and reliable .in operation.

For a consideration of what believe to Vbe novel and my invention, attention is directed to the accompanying description and claims appended thereto.

In the accompanying drawings which l illustrate one of the embodiments of my invention, Figure l isa vertical section of a,

Imulti-cylinder fuel pump; Fig. 2 is a sec'- 'tional view taken on line 2-5-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. is a view in front'elevation of the pump; Fig. 4 is a view partially in elevation and partially in section,l the section being' more pump cylinders 8. I In each of the cylinders is'located a plunger 9, Fig. 1, whichyis provided with a cross-head 10, a roller 1'l coivrEoLLiive i/iEcEaNisM ForiJ rUEiip-rnifirs.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented @m7, 26, 1915., Appiicationfned september 30g-i913. sveria'ii'io. reaeai. l I

and a compression spring 12. 4'The plungery is moved upwardlyv on its working stroke by a cam 13 mounted on the shaft 14, the latter 'being driven by the `main shaft of thef-enf i I gine. Situated in line with each pump plunger-is a Vhand-op.erated plunger 15 vby meansof; which the `pipes connectingthe pump lwith the fuel injectors o n the engines `can belled with fuel previous to starting l`'the engine.

spring. seated discharge valve 16 and. a l '.springs'eated suction yalve 17. Fuel is adlEach pump is provided with a mitted to the casing `vcontaining the cylinders by the inlet 18 from which it enters the chamber 19.. From the chamber fuel passes through the ports 20' and 21, Fig. 2, past the suction valve 17, into the pumllxchamber. y

On the downwardor suction'stroke of the plunger the valve is raised inthe ordinary mannerand is seatedl on the upward or working stroke of the plunger. The seating of the suction valve is, however, subject to the control of the governor through the'fol- `lowing instrumentalities. Under the siiction valve is a lifterl comprising two principal parts*`-22 andi 23, Fig. l. flihe former is guided by a ported sleeve whichl also forms a guide forthe suction valve. This part of the lifter is normallymoved downwardl by the coiled compression spring 24', this being in the direction to permit the suce tion valve to.' seat. The lower part of the lifter is provided with a fork 25 in which the roller 26 is mounted. This' roller is arranged to engage the cam 27 driven by the shaft 14. As the shaft revolves the suction valve lifter and the plunger are moved up and down but their movements are out of phase. This pump is'based on the principle of changing the time, or period of closing of the suction valve with respect tothe work'- lit, therefore,

lmade in two principal parts and situated between the adjacent ends of the parts is a wedge 28 as best shown in Fig.' 2.

lt will be noted that the opposedends of the parts of the lifter are slotted `and that the wedge extends into said slots. |llhis arrangement serves to hold .the wedge against lateral displacement,V and also acts as a guide therefor. As will beseen in Fig. 2, the leftlia Anhand of the wedge-"sfpivotally supported by the arm '29, the latterbeingy mounted upon al rock shaft '30. LThe shaft' 1s mounted-,in suitable bearing 31 carried 5 by the casing `as best shownl in Fig. 5. "The roelr'shaft-is provided with as `many arms as there are suction valve lifters, and each arm carriesa wedge 28. In order to adjust the positions of these wedges the rock shaft 10. is providedwith an arm 32 which is connected to rod 33, the'latter being connected to a speed-governor of's'uitable construction. vInstead .of moving the rod automatically bythe-speed governor it can be moved by hand, if manual control is desired. l As4 the wedge 28 is moved in or ou-t the total or-efective length ofthe lifter is changed. As the length'is increased the portion-of each Working. stroke ef the plunger that the valve is 'open is' increased. Conversely, if the total 'length is decreased the period of opening is decreased. To insure a movement of the wedge toward the position lwhere the effecl tivepunip strokes are increased, or for any other reason, there are provided one or more extension". springs '34, which, as shown in 'left to right.

. ,"I may have as many pumps as are necesv(5() sary'or esirable, and control all of them by In a pump. of this character it sometimes becomes, necessary or desirable to cut ,one pump 40- lout-of service' while permitting the othersto Work inv the` normal manner. In order to accomplish this result easily and by simple means, I have provided the following mechanism. The pump casing is provided with the base-portionBB that rests upon a part of the base 38 is a spindle '40, best shown in Fig. 6. Loosel'y mounted on this spindle is a vvibrating member 41 which is connected to the fork. 25 that carries the roller 26 of the suction valve lifter. The vibrating member is also .provided-with an arm 42 whichhas an enlargement 43 that stands in front of the pin 44, Fig. 2. rlihe pin or actuator normally occupies the position shown and is outof the path of movement of'the vibrating member. This is due to the actionof the compression spring 45.y

Situated in line with the right-hand end 4 60 .of/ the pin is a pivoted cam or eccentric 46 having a suitable operating handle 47. When the handle is moved from the position shown, one 18,0o therefrom, it moves the pin 44 to the left by an amount suiicient to cause it to turn the vibrating member 41 on.,

Fig.v` ,'hlways-tend/ tomove the wedges from'.

the engineer other frame 39. Supported byy the spindleand raise the roller 26 out of the pathv ofv its actuating cam 27.,4 In other Ato deliver any fuel to the engine. Each of thelifters is provided with a similar arrangement and further description is unnecessary. Returning the handle to the position shown will permit the lifter to renew its normal function.

It sometimesisvnecessary or desirable to quickly stop all of the pumps in order to shut down the engine. In order that all of the pumps may be shut down simultaneously the following mechanism. is` provided. Rigidly mounted on the spindle 40 is a collar 48 which is provided with projections 49 g5 forming jawsthat. are arranged' to engage corresponding jaws 50 on the vibrating members 41 under certain conditions. Bef' tween the jaws on the two parts is a cutaway portionoryspace 51 which forms a lost 90 motion. This lostl motion is necessary to permit the members'4l to vibrate in synchronism' with the valve lifters Without which the projection` could not operate Without disturbing the .position of the collar 48, as will be seen in Figs. 4 and 6. The collar is provided with an arm 52 having a platform to receive the coiled compression spring 53. It is also provided with a shouldered projection 54 that forms a latch or trigger to hold the spring 55 .under compression as shown in Fig. 4. This; spring is surrounded by a cylinder 56, the left-hand end of which engages the shoulder 54. In order to release the latchand permit the spring to operate, a pin 57 is provided having la suitable voperating handle. When the pin is pushed to the leftit engages the lower portion of the shoulder projection 54. Thisreleases the shoulder `from the cylinder and the spring in expanding causes the head of the pin to turn the collar 48 and with it the vibrating mem-l fbers 41, which are connected to the suction valvelifters.` In order to reset the parts a pivoted handle 58, Fig.,4, is provided which has a head 59 that engages the under side of -the head of the pin. When the pin isl ac' 'tuated to shut downthe pumps /the' handle 58 moves to the right, and by returning it to the position shown the spring 55 is placed under compression and the latch 54 is reset by the spring 53.

It sometimes happens that an engine' at'- tains a dangerously high speed. This may be due to any one of a number of causes. In order t preventthe engine from running away,- w ich might cause a serious accident, an emergency governor 60 is provided which is mounted on the shaft 14, as shown in Fig. 1. This governor comprises a movable ring 130 61 Which is normally held in apositionc'oncentric With the shaft by a spring 62, but

`when thespeed exceeds a .certain predetermined limit, say 10% above the normal speed, for "example, this ring Will 'suddenly move from a-concentric to an eccentric'position yWith respect to the shaft axis.A ,This

movement of thefgovernor is utilized to move anl arm 63, Figs. 3'and 6, Which is rigidly mounted on one end of the spindle 40.. rlhe action of the governor on this arm is similar.

to the releasing of the latch 54 by the action of the manually actuated pin 57.

1t Will thus be seen that my improved pump can be closely regulated to deliver the proper amount of fuel to the Working cyl* inders of the engine, that the apparatus is..

j simple'in constructionand comprises relatively few parts, which parts are rugged in their nature andnot liable to get out of order.

down by a single operation, viz., pushing the pin 57, and that the pump can be stoppedl automatically by the emergency governor Whenever the speed` exceeds/a predetermined amount. lt is also t be noted that the means for shutting d o n the pumps, either,

by hand or automatically, are to a great eX- tent parts of the norinal operating mecha.- nism of thepum'p. l, This is advantageous be- 'cause it decreases the' number of parts.

y ln accordance With the provisions o fgthe patent statutes, l have described the p`rinciple of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus -which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof;I but l desire to have it understood that the ap` paratus shown Iis only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by otherl y means. i

` What l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,- Y

1. ln a pump of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a plunger therefor, a discharge valve, a suction valve,

a divided llifter for one of the valves, a means `,tonimparting movements to the plunger and lifter, means for changing the length ofthe lifter tochange the time ofclosing of its cooperating valve With relation to the Working stroke of the plunger; and means for moving the lifter to open said cooperating valve and to hold the lifter out of operative relation t` the movement imparting means.

2. In a pump of the character described,

the combination of a cylinder, a plungery therefor, a dischargevalve, a suction valve, a divided lifter for one of the valves that exi tends parallel with vthe plunger, cams that Further that `the parts lare accessible in the event vthat it becomes necessary to in- 'move' simultaneously' and actuate the plungerand lifter, a means located between the adjacent ends of the parts ofthe lifter by means ofwhichthe total length of the lifter can be changed tovary the time of closing of coperating valve with relation to the Working stroke of the plunger, and means for moving the lifterto open said coperat ing valve and to hold the lifter Vout of the path of-movement of itsactuating cam.

3. In' a pump, the combination of a cylinder, a' plunger, suction and discharge valves for the cylinder', a lifter for the suction valve', means for reciprocating. the plunger and lifterv in the normal operation of the pump, an oscillatory member for moving the lifter to opentlie suction valve and move the lifter out ofa operative relation to said mea'ns, automatic means. for oscillating said boscillatory member, and manual controlled means and speed controlled meansfor setting said automatic means into operation.

f1. ln a pump, the combination of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor,a 'i

plunger, a' lifter for the suction valve, a de `vice that is vibratedv by the lifter, a rotary means for imparting reciprocating movements to both the plunger andlifter, means forchanging the p'hase relation of the plunger and lifter to permit the suction valve to closel earlierV or later, and anactuator that engages andfmoves said device to positively raise the lifter out of the path of said rotary means, and open the suction valve.

5. ln a pump, the combination of a cylinder, suction andldischa'rge valves therefor, a plunger, a lifter for the suction valve, means for imparting movements to the plunger and lifter, a, mechanism for regulating said means to vary the time of closing of the suction valve7 and a means for positively holding the suction valve open to stop the pumping actionl comprising a pivotally supported member that engages the lifter, and an ac-.

` tuatpr for turning said member in a manner to positively raise the lifter out of the path of the means Which normally moves it.

6. ln a pum`pthe combination of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a plunger, a divided lifter for the 'suction valve, means for reciprocating the plunger and lifter, a pivotally supported and longitudinally'movablel Wedge that extends betweenthe adjacent ends of the lifter and by its position determines the effective length of `the lifter, a pivotally supported member that engages one part of the lifter, "and 5 means for turning ythe member on its axis to of its actuat- 125 raise the lifter out of the path ing means.

7. In' a pumpthe combination of a plurality of cylinders, a suction and a discharge valve'for each cylinder, a plunger for each cylinder, a' lifter Lfor each suction valve, means rforreciproeating the plungers and lifters, a device' for'each lifter arranged to/ 121 In a pump,

act individually to raise its lifter to such a position as Willyprevent its coperating valve from seating, and means for simultaneouslyraisingall of the lifters by an amount suflicient to hold all of the suction valves open.

I v8.r In a pump, the combination` of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a

' plunger, a lifter for'thesucti'on valve, rotary flifter, a member-Which vibrates 4With the means. for .reciprocating the plunger and lifter, a spindle on Which thel member is loosely mounted, a means Xed on the spindle and acting on the member through lost v` lmotion, and a device for moving the means` in aA direction to cause the member to act on the lifter.\ A

.9. In a-pump, the combinationof a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, L 2o "a k`p lunger,a lifter for the suction valve, rotary means for reciprocating the plunger ,p .and lifter, a pvoted member which Vbmtes in synchronism with the lifter, a pim-that if l acts on 011e arm of the member, and a'cam for moving the pin into engagement 'Witlr the member and turning it about its pivot by an ,amount-sufficient 'to raise the lifter out of the path of its reciprocating means.

d 10. In a-pump,the combination of a pluso ralityv of' cylinders, suction and discharge valves therefor, plungers for the cylinders, a .lifter for each suction valve, rotary means for reciprocating the plungers and lifters, a

pivoted vibrating member coperating with g are loosely mounted, a collar fast onthe `spindle that is normally inactive, individuih ally acting means for causing the members to, raise the lifters, a hand-.controlled means .for'causing the collarto act` on all of the members, and a device responsiveto a predetermined speed for also causing the collar to act on all of the'members.

11. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder, suctionanddischarge valves therefor, a plunger, a lifter for Athe suction valve, rotary meansfor reciprocating the plunger and lifter, a member Which vibrates in synchronism With the ,lifter and has a jaw, a. spindle l on which the. member is loosely mounted, a collar that is fast 0nthespindle i" w and has a javvv cooperating With the one on the member through lost motion, a latch gular position, a spring-'pressed device that is normally "heldfrom acting by the latch,

I and means for releasing the-latch and per-- each lifter, a spindle on which the members i that normally hlol-dsthe collar in fixed anturn the memberin a direction to raise the w inder, suction and discharge valves therefor,

chronism with the lifter and has a jaw, a spindle on Which the member is loosely mounted, a collar that isA fast on the spin- Vdle and has a j aw coperating with the one on the member through lost motion, a latch that vnormally holds the collar .in fixed angular position, al spring-pressed device that is normally held from acting by the latch, and a pin and a governor-actuated device both arranged to release the latch and permit the spring-actuated device to hold the lifters and suction valves o ut of action..

.13.. In a pump, the combination of a plurality of cylinders, suction and discharge the combination of. a cyl.

valves therefor,vplungers for the fcylinders,

a divided lifter for each suction valve, a

Wedge for each lifter that is located between the vadjacent ends thereof and is longitudinally movable, an arm that is attached to each Wedge, a rock shaft on which Vthe arms 4are mounted, means for turningthe rock shaft to simultaneously adjust the Wedges,

and means for moving any lifter or all of the lifters simultaneously to open th`e suction valves'. I

14. In a pump, the combination of a plurality of cylinders, suction and discharge valves therefor, plungers for-the cylinders,

a divided lifter for each suction'valve, a

Wedge forV each lifter that is located be` tween the adjacent ends thereof and is longitudinally movable, an arm that is attached to each Wedge, a rock shaft on Which the inder, suction and discharge valves, a lifter for 'the suction valve, rotary means for reciprocating the plunger and 'lifter, a spindle, means mounted, thereon for raising the lifter out of the path of the rotary means,

a spring-pressed device for actuating. the

means, a latch for holding the'spring under stress, ya device for releasin the latch, and a means for placing the spring under stress and permitting the latch to seat.

' In-Witness whereof, I -have hereunto slet 'my hand this ninth day of September, 1913.

BERNHARD KRMER.

Witnesses:

N. DECHAMPS,

O. BRANN.

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