US1157116A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

C. A. MAINO & P. PELLEGRINI.

CARBURETER. v APPLICATION FILED APR. 14, 1914. l,1 57,1 16. Patented Oct. 19, 1915.

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C. A. MAINO & P. PELLEGRINI.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I4, 1914.

1,157,116. Patented Oct. 19, 1915.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES A. MAINO AND PHILLIP PELLEGRINI, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNORS TO UNITED STATES CARBURETOR COMPANY, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA.

CARIBURETER.

In the usual form of automobile or motortruck a light liquid is ordinarily used as fuel, this light liquid being gasolene or a light hydrocarbon mixture of similar volatile nature. Owing to the large number ofsuch vehicles now in use the price for such a light liquid ishigh audit is desirable to provide a carbureter which will utilize heavier fuels, such as kerosene, engine distillate, or similar low priced fuels.

The principal object of our invention is to provide a carbureter which may enable such heavy liquid to be utilized in an internal combustion engine. There, have been developed from time to time various schemes for using such a heavy liquid'but in all of them it is necessary to supply the carbureter with a light liquid for starting purposes and under some conditions for running purposes.

Another objectof our invention is to provide means whereby both a light and a heavy liquid may be carried and vaporized,

and whereby the vapors thereof may be mixed in suitable proportion to provide a su table explosive mixture under all conditions. For example, when it is desired to start the engine cold a mixture rich in g'asolene must necessarily be used.

It is also necessary in a carbureter of this nature to provide means for adjusting the quantity of air admitted to suit the conditions under which the internal combustion engine operates. A further object of our invention is to provide means for making this initial adjustment in the carbureter itself.

In burning some sorts of cheap and heavy fuel much better results are obtained if a portion of the hot exhaust gases are used to heat the vapor from such heavy liquid before it is burned in the cylinders of the en- Specification of Letters Patent.

gine. A further object of our invention is to provide means whereby this heating of the vapor from the heavy liquid may be accomplished.

Further objects and advantages will be evident from the following specification.

In the drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only: Figure 1, is a side elevation, partly in section, of a portion of an automo- -bile equipped with our'invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation; Fig. 3 is an end elevation,

Patented Oct. 19, 1915. Application filed April 14, 1914. Serial N 0. 831,839. a

and Fig. 1 is a plan of our invention. Fig.

5 isa vertical elevation through the center of our invention. Fig. 6 is a section on the line w a0 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a section ontheline af-m of Fig. 5. Figs. 8 and 9 are enlargedsections of a portion of our invention.

Our invention consists broadly of a twin carbureter having separate reservoirs and vaporizing means forlight and heavy liquid. These carbureters are provided with air inlet openings 10 and 11 in which the mixture is produced being drawn upwardly therethrough by means of the suction of the engine, the manifold of which is secured to the flange 12 at the upper end of the carbureter. A flap valve 13 may be adjusted to regulate the relative proportion of mixture which is drawn upwardly through each of the openings 10 and 11. A throttle valve 14 is provided for regulating the total amount of mixture so used.

More specifically our invention consists of a body'mem'ber 15 in which 'are formed a light liquid chamber 16 and a heavy liquid chamber 17, these chambers surrounding the openings 10 and 11. A supply of light distillate is brought from a source not shown by means of a pipe 18 and a supply of heavy liquid by means of apipe 19. These pipes are secured to nipples 20 formed on the body member 15 through which there are openings 21 which communicate with valve chambers 22. These valve chambers are in ply of liquid in the chambers falls below a predetermined amount. Whenever a float 27 strikes a yoke 25 a valve 24 is lifted and a suflicient supply of liquid is admitted to the chamber to raise the float to its predetermined position, the valve automatically closing whenever this is accomplished.

Placed in each of the openings 10 and 11 is a spray nozzle 28, these spray nozzles being in open communication with the chambers 16 and 17 through passages 29. Fastened in the upper end of the spray nozzle 28 is a plug 30 which has an opening 31 extending entirely therethrough and a series of small openings 32 around its periphery, the openings 31. and 32 being in open communication with the liquid in the body of the spray nozzle 28. As the air is drawn upwardly through the openings 10 and 11 the liquid is drawn upwardly through these openings and mixes with the air to form a gas. For the purpose of regulating the amount of liquid so taken conical seat valves 33 are so placed as to close the openings 31 being carried by arms 34 on rods 35 which extend downwardly through bearings 36 and 37 formed on the body member 15. Bars 38 are secured to the bottom end of the rods 35, these bars being normally pressed down by means of springs 39 which act against the bottom of the spray nozzles 28. The openings 31 are therefore normally closed by the valves 33. In such a position sufficient liquid is supplied through the openings 32 to run the engine without load, this being common practice on automobile and similar engines.

For the purpose of increasing the fuel supply wiping earns 40 secured on a shaft 41 are provided, the shaft 41 being turned by means of a lever 42 through a rod 43 which extends upwardly and is connected to a throttle lever 44. This throttle lever may be actuated to rotate the shaft 41 and lift the valves 33 from their seat as will be readily understood from an inspection of the drawmgs.

openings 10 and 11 converge and connect with a single opening which extends upwardly to the manifold of the engine. At their juncture the flap valve 13 is placed, this valve being mounted on a shaft 45 which extends through the body of the carbureter and carries a flap valve lever 46. This lever may be actuated to turn the flap valve to admit either a mixture of air and light liquid, or a mixture of air and heavy liquid, or a combination mixture of both light and heavyliquids with air, depending on position. The shaft 45 is mounted in the cover 47 A chamber 48 is formed about the extension of the opening 11 and the exhaust from the engine may be connected by means of a A cover 47, attached to the body 15, is provided through which the upper ends of the nipple 49 to this chamber 48. When so connected a portion of the exhaust gases from the engine passes through this chamber and out through an opening 50 in the opposite side thereof, thereby heating the whole carbureter somewhat and heating the heavy vapor partly.

In the upper end of the cover 47 an auxiliary air intake cylinder 51 is provided. This cylinder is formed with perforations 52 and has inside it three valves 53, 54, and 55. The valves 53, 54, and 55 are also provided with perforations which register with the perforations 52, and these 'valves are provided with adjusting screws 56 by means of which they may be turned and secured so as to more or less completely close the openings 52. The suction from the engine not only draws air upwardly through the openings 10 and 11 thereby forming gases with the assistance of the spray nozzles 28, but in addition it draws an auxiliary supply of air inwardly through the perforations 52, the amount of air so drawn being regulated bymeans 0 the valves 53, 54, and 55.

The valves 53, 54, and 55 are initially adjusted to suit-the conditions under which the carbureter has to operate. These conditions will change under different conditions of load upon the engine and it is desirable in addition to quickly vary the amount of air passing through these auxiliary air inlets to suit the conditionsunder which the engine is running. For this purpose a valve 57 is provided, this valve being placed inside the valves 53, 54, and 55 and having openings 58 therein which are adapted to register with the openings 52 in the cover 47. The valves 53, 54, 55, and 57 are held in place by a ring 58 secured by a screw 59.

For the purpose of actuating the valve 57 a stem 60 extends through a slot 61 in the side of the cover 47 and is engaged by a fork 62 on a lever 63 which is secured to a shaft 64 to'which the throttle lever 44 is also secured. The throttle lever 44 is actuated by means of a rod 65 ivoted at 66 and universally mounted at 6 on the end of a throttle lever 68. This lever is secured to a tube which extends upwardly through the steering column 69 of the throttle handle 70 on top of the steering wheel 71, this being standard practice'in automobiles. The valve '14 is also rigidly secured to the shaft 64.

by means of a handle 73 projecting through will thus be seen that this carbureter gives asimultaneous control of the auxiliary air inlet and gasolene valves 33 and the valves 14 in combination with control means for regulating the position of the butterflyv valve 13.

In the annexed claims we have designated the chamber above the opening 10 as the light liquid mixing chamber, and the chamber above the opening 11 as the heavy liquid mixing chamber, the spray nozzles 28 projecting into these chambers and injecting fluid to produce therein explosive mixtures of air and fuel vapor.

We claim as our invention:

1. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a light liquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquid into said'heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, a spray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambers having an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, one of the short branches of said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carbureting chamber, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y- shaped opening connecting With the intake manifold of the engine, and a flap valve placed at the junction of the long and short branches to regulate the proportion of vapor passing from each of the short openings into the long opening.

2. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a light liquid carbureting'chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquid into said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a-manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, a spray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive, mixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambers having an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, 'one of the short branches of said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carbureting chamber, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y- shaped opening connecting with the intake manifold of the engine, walls forming a heating chamber in said branch of the Y-shaped opening which communicates with the heavy liquid carbureting chamber, means for passing hot exhaust vapors through said heating chamber, and a flap valve placed at thejunction of the long and short branches to regulate the proportion of vapor passing from each of the short openings into the long opening.

3. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a light liquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquid into said heavy liquidcarbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, a spray nozzle for 1ne'cting a light liquid into said light liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambers having .an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, one of the short branches of said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carbureting chamber, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y- shaped opening connecting with the intake manifold of the engine, a throttle valve for regulating the total amount of mixture passing from the long branch into the carbureter, Walls forming a heating chamber in said cover about the branch of the. Y-shaped opening which communicates With the heavy liquid carbureting chamber, means for passing hot-exhaust vapors through said heating chamber, and a flap valve placed at the junction ofthe long and short branches to regulate the proportion of vapor passing from each of the short openings into the long opening.

4. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a light liquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquid into said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, a spray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambers having an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, one of the short'branches of said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carbureting chamber, the other short branch of the Y,-shaped opening connecting with the' heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y shaped opening connecting with the intake manifold'of the engine, a throttle valve for regulating the total amount of mixture passing from the long branch into the carbureter,

cover about the into the long opening.

5. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a lightliquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquid into said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, a spray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambers having an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, one of the short branches of said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carbureting chamher, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting. with the intake manifold of the engine, a throttle valve for regulating the total amount of mixture passing from the long branch into the carbureter, walls forming a heating chamber in said cover about the branch of the Y-shaped opening which communicates with the heavy liquid carbureting chamber,-

means for passing hot exhaust vapors through said heating chamber, means for simultaneously regulating said throttle valve and jet means, and'a flap valve placed at the junction of the long and short branches to regulate the roportion of vapor passing from each of t e, short openings into the' long opening.

6. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting-chamber, a light liquid'carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquid into said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein anexplosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, a spray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambers having an inverted Y-shaped openin therein, one of the short branches ofsaid %(-shap'ed opening connecting with the light liquid carbureting chamber, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the intake manifold of the engine, a flap valve placed at the junction of the long and short branches to regulate the proportion of vapor passing from each of the short openings into the long opening, and auxiliary air intake means for admitting and regulating a supply of air to the long branch of the Y above said flap valve.

7. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a light liquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquid into said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive-mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, a spray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambers having an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, one of the short branches of said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carbureting chamber, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the intake manifold of the engine, a flap valve placed at the junction of the long and short branches to regulate the proportion of vapor passing from each of the short openings into the long opening, auxiliary air intake means for admitting and regulating a supply of air to the long branch of the Y above said butterfly valve, and means for simultaneously regulating said flap valve and said air intake means.

8. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a light liquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquid into said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, a spray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambers having an inverted sY-shaped opening therein, one of the short branches of said Y-shaped' opening connecting with the light liquid carbureting chamber, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the intake manifold of the engine, a throttle valve for regulating the total amount of mixture passing from 'the long branch into the carbureter, a flap'valve placed at the junction of the long and short branches to regulate the proportion of vapor passing from 'eachof the short openings into the long opening, auxiliary air intake means for regulating -a supply of air admitted to the long branch of the Y-shaped opening above the flap valve, and means for simultaneously regulating said throttle valve and said auxiliary air intake means.

9. A carbureter comprising a heavy liquid carbureting chamber, a light liquid carbureting chamber, a spray nozzle for injecting a heavy liquid into said heavy liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and heavy liquid vapor, a spray nozzle for injecting a light liquid into said light liquid carbureting chamber in such a manner as to produce therein an explosive mixture of air and light liquid vapor, a common cover for said chambers having an inverted Y-shaped opening therein, one of the short branches of said Y-shaped opening connecting with the light liquid carbureting chamher, the other short branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting with the heavy liquid carbureting chamber and the long branch of the Y-shaped opening connecting With the intake manifold of the engine, a throttle valve for regulating the total amount of mixture passing from the long branch into the carbureter, a flap valve placed at the junction of the long and short branches to regulate the proportion of vapor passing from each of the short openings into the long opening, auxiliary air intakemeans for regulating a supply of air admitted to the long branch of the Y-shaped opening above the flap valve, and means for simultaneously regulating said throttle valve, said flap val 'e, and said auxiliary air intake means.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands at Los Angeles, California, this 6th day of January, 1914.

CHARLES A. MAINO. v PHILLIP PELLEGRINI. In presence of FRED A. MANSFIELD, FERD W. HAND].

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