US1154062A - Speed-governing mechanism. - Google Patents

Description

1". mum-130w. SPEED GOVERNING MECHANiSM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7| 1914.

1,154 062, Patentedse tfm, 1915.

Wi n v Inventor; Frederick Samuelson,

' ED PATEN Fl lfi FREDERICK SAMUELSON, 0F RUGBY. ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

SPEED-GOVERNING MECHANISM.

Maroon.

Application filed March 7, 1914.

lie it known that l. Fumnnncn SAMUEL- sox. a ubject of the lling: of Sweden. residin; at hunhy, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Speed- (loverninn' Bl ta'hanism. of which the followinn is a specification.

This invention relates to governing mechanisms. for prime movers such as elastic lluid turbines. and more particularly to that class ol "overnin; mechanism which includes a, valve controlling a supplyot' fluid to the prime mover. a fluid motor for operating, said valve, and a pilot valve controlled by a speed responsive device for regulating the supply oi fluid to the motor. With such gov rnin r mechanism. the speed of the machine controlled varies with the load; that is. it the load increases the speed will be reduced. and vice versa. ln order to make this class of governor suitable tor a prime mover which is required to run at the same speed under a heavy load as it usually runs at under a light load, it is necessary to provide some suitable means for adjusting the controlling mechanism.

The object oi the present invention is to provide a mechanism for automatically keepin; the speed constant. undo all load conditions and which. while sensitive, will e "ectually prevent any tendency on the part of the governor to, over regulate or hunt.

The accompanying drawing illustrates one form which my invention may talie.

In the drawing. 2 representsa pilot valve controlling the supply of oil or other fluid to a cvlim'ler 3 provided with a piston 4 which is connected by means of a rod 5 to a,

valve (3 supplying: fluid to the prime mover.

This valve may be of any suitable or well l:nown type. a form of balanced valve being shown having an inlet 6 and an outlet 6". The pilot valve is operated by a speed governor 7 through a governor lever 8 and a link 9 connecting it to a lever 10, to which also the stem 11 of the pilot valve and a continuation of the motor'piston rod are connected. lVith this mechanism. it the speed of the prime mover falls, owing to an increase in load, the lever 8 will assume the position shown by the dotted line. This causes the right hand end of the lever 10 to rise to the position also shown by the dotted line. thereby causing the pilot valve 2 to open the upper port 2 and allow the oil, or

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 21,1915.

Serial No. 823,219.

other operating fluid, to enter by way of conduit 2 to the upper end of the cylinder 3 and forcethe piston l and 'alve stem 5 downward, thereby opening the valve 6 to a greater or a less extent. The oil or other operating fluid passes out from under piston 'l by way of port 2" and opening" 2. The" movement of the piston will also lowerthe left hand end of the lever 10 and'cause the pilot valve to again cover the ports leading to the cylinder 3, thereby preventing further operation of the motel-by bringing the piston l to rest. The connection to the piston rod thus constitutes a follow-up device which tends to prevent overtravcl of the motor and hunting. The speed of the machine will now be less than formerly, according to the amount of additional load that is on it, It will be seen from the above description that the pivot point 12 of the lever 10 always occupies the same position, while the prime'n'iover is run at any speed, irrespective of what that speed is. and irrespective of the load. this normal position being that shown in the drawing. where the pilot valve covers both the ports. It the valve were not in this position, fluid would be admitted to either one end or the otherof the cylinder 3 and the main valve (3 would be openinn or closing" so that the speed could not be steady.

I will now describe the feature of my invention by which I am enabled to maintain a speed under all conditions of load and at the same time efiectually prevent hunting of the governor.

It will be seen that a lever 13 is provided which is pivoted at one end to a fulcrum 13, which fulcrum may be either fixed or adjustable as desired. The opposite end of this lever is pivoted to a sleeve or collar 14 on the rod 5, which sleeve or collar is held yieldingly in position between the abutments l5 and 16 by springs 17 and 18. At an intermediate point the lever 13 is connected to a sleeve 23 which carries the ports of the pilot valve and in connection with this lever suitable means are provided, as for example, a dash pot, for retarding its movements. This connecting and retarding means is shown as comprising a rod 19 carried by the plunger 20 of adash pot 21,

which plunger iswconnected by rod 22 to the sliding slceve the rods 19 and 22 pass-, ing through suitable paokings 24.: and 25,

. speed.

The dash pot may be provided with any preferred form of regulating means, as for example, a by-pass 26 controlled by a valve 27. If new the speed f,the prime mover falls, due to increase in load, the governor lever 8 will assume the position shown by the dotted line, as also will the lever 10. This movement causes the pilot valve to admit fluid to the upper part of the motor 10 cylinder so 'as to force the piston down I Ward and open the main valve. The pilot valve sleeve 23, however, will not immediately followup the piston rod due to the retarding action of the dash pot, but as the main valve rod is forced down by the motor piston the upper spring 17 is compressed. The pressure exerted by the spring on the I lever 13 will gradually move the pilot valve sleeve untilthe levers 10 and 13 are parallel 20 and the two springs are in their central position. When these two lovers are parallel and the pilot valve ports are closed the gov 'ernor Weights can onlyoecupy the position which corresponds to normal speed of the I prime mover.

mover should increase instead, of diminish If the speed of the prime the operation of the parts described above would loo similar but in the opposite direction. By the above describedarrangement, it will be seenthatv a quick movement of the sleeve 23 taking place at the same time and in connection with the movement of valve 6', which movement would tend to permit overtravel and hunting, is avoided, and that I obtain'aslow retarded movement which can be readily timed and regulated so as to cause Just sufficient additional movement of valve 6, to bring the machine t-o'the desired In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the prinoiple of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but

I desire to have it understood that the appaprev ent overtravel of the motor, in combinal gla ses tion vvith a ported sleeve that surrounds the pilot valve and through whose ports fluid flows to the motor, means moving in response to load changes on the prime mover for adjusting the position of the sleeve with respect to the pilot valve in a direction tending; to retard theshutting oil' of the fluid by the valve, and means for retarding the movement of such adjusting means 2. A g verning mechanism for prime movers comprising a fluid adi'nitting valve means, a motor for actuating it, a pilot valve controlling the motor, a governor for the pilot valve, and a followup device, in combination with a ported sleeve that surrounds the pilot valve and through whose ports fluid flows to the motor, a lever yieldingly connected at one end to the piston rod, a connection between said lever, and the ported sleeve, a pivot for said lever, and m vans for retarding the movement of said lever.

A governing mechanism for prime movers comprising a fluid admitting valve means, a motor for actuating it, a pilot valve controlling the motor, a governor for the pilot val-ire, and a follow-up device, in comhination with a ported sleeve that surrounds th e'pilot valve and through whose ports fluid flows to the motor, a lever yieldingly connected at one end to the piston rod, a connection between said lever and the ported sleeve, a pivot for said lever, and a dash pot for retarding the movement ot said lover.

al. A. governing mechanism for prime movers comprising valve means for admit ting motive fluid to the prime mover, a motor for actuating said -n1=ans having a piston and a piston rod, a pilot valve for the motor, a speed governor, a floating lever, means connecting the lever to the governor, the pilot valve and the piston rod, a movable ported seat for the pilot valve, a lever, a pivot or fulcrum for the lever, means for yieldingly connecting); the lever to the piston rod, means connecting); the lever to said seat, and means for retarding the iovements oi the lever.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this nineteenth day of February 1914:.

FREDERISK flalvlllltlit tl

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