US1154058A - Rectifier. - Google Patents

Description

L. R. ROGERS. M

RECTIFIER. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 23. I9I5.

PatentedSept. 21, 1915.

.l/LZ 6668 Ill/672K014 M leezzfia em,

LEE R. ROGERS, E GHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 21, 19.15..

Application filed January 23, 1915. Serial No. 3,895.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, LEE R. Roenns, a c1t1- Zen of the United States, residing at Chiw n cage, lIl-tl16 county of C001\ and ,State or Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful'lmprovement in Rectifiers, of whlch the following is a specification.

My invention relates to rectifiers for electric current and relates more particularly tothat type of apparatus in which a commit tating device is employed.

j One of the objects of my invention is to provide a rectifier of such construction that it may bestarted by simply connecting the apparatus to the supply conductors, dispens ing with the need of starting devices of any 7 character.

'Another object of my invention is to provide a rectifier having a rotor, the number of revolutions whereof need not exceed half the number of cycles occurring in the same period of time in the alternating current which is to be rectified. In the particular tori-n oi? apparatus shown in the drawing, in wk ch a oi-polar armature is employed in mnnection with a quadri-polar held, the number of revolutions is only half the nuin r of cycles occurring in the supply contors in the same period of tune.

Another object of my invention is to pro vide, in a device of this character, a construction 'such that the motor mechanism is arranged in a shunt circuit which receives but a very small portion of the total current passing through the device.

As a result of my construction, my apparatus may be made very small in comparison to the total current passing through, and the apparatus is capable of operating through a wide variation in load.

The accompanying diagram, showing the apparatus in simple form, illustrates the principle of the invention.

In the form selected to illustrate the invention, alternating current is supplied through the. supply conductors 1, 2 which are connected respectively to the brushes 3, 4: which" contact respectively the collecting ring's -5', 6. Said rings are rigidly connected to a shaft 7. Rigidly connected to the same shaft is 'a commutating ring comprising, in the simplified form illustrated, four metallic segments 8, 9, 10, and 11 insulated from each other by suitable insulating segments 12, 12. The segments 8, 10 are located diametrically opposite to each other, while the segments 9, 11 are located diametrically opposite to each other, one pair being arranged at right angles to the other pair. conducting segments is in permanent connection with the collecting ring 5 while the other is in permanent connection with ring 6. In the design illustrated, this arrangement is eflected by a conductor 13 connected to the two segments 8, 10, said conductor 13 being connected by a conductor 14 to ring 6 while the segments 9, 11 are connected by a conductor 15 which is connected to ring 5 by a conductor 16. Two commutator brushes 1'7, 18 are connected to the delivery conductors 19, 20, respectively, said conductors delivering the pulsating direct or rectified current to the place of use. The brushes 1'? 18 are arranged vsubstantially 90 degrees from each other.

The motor mechanism of my apparatus will now be described.

The yoke 2i is provided with poles 25, 26, 27, 28 magnetized by cells 29, so arranged and connected that two adjacent poles will have difi'erent polarity. These coils are energized by conductors 30 and 31. By preferonce, these conductors 30 and 31 are supplied from the conductors 19, 20 respectively. Shaft lei is rotated by an armature consisting of two elements 32, 3:2, insulated from each other by insulating material 33. These armature elements are magnetized by coils S l, 8i, wound in such. manner as to produce like polarity in the outer ends oi? the armature. Said coils 3i are connected by the conductors 35 and 36 to the collector rings collecting rings 5 and 6, and conductors and 36, creating similar poles at the outer ends of the armature which will change with each phase of the cycle. The field coils will be energized by current passing from the supply conductor 1 through the brush 8, collector ring 5, conductor 16, conductor 15, segment 11, brush 1?, conductors 19 and 30, returning through the conductors 31 and 20, brush'lS, segment 10, conductors 13 and 1-1, collector ring 5, brush 4: and supply conductor Considering the parts to be in the position shown in the diagram and the supply main 1 to be momentarily. the positive side of the line, the outer ends of the arma- One pair of these ture are both north poles while the field poles 26 and 28 are also both north poles and@ the field poles 25and 27 will be south poles. As is customary the armature is given a lead as suggested in the diagram, the lead governing its direction of rotation. The poles 26 and 28 will repulse the armature poles while the poles 25 and 27 will attract them and' cause rotation. As the device is not yet in synchronism the polarity of the armature will change before the armature has rotated to a corresponding position with regard to the next pole and as these so-called next poles have their polarity changed simultaneously with the change in polarity of the armature poles, the rotative effect will still be continued and the armature will continue its rotation in the same direction. Un-

- til the armature comes into synchronism with the cycles in the supply conductors, the current delivered to the conductors 19 and 20 will not be rendered uni-directional, and hence the polarity in both the armature and the field poles will alternate simultaneously and continue the rotative effect upon the armature. Consequently the armature will soon acquire full speed and come into synchronism with the cycles in the supply con.- ductors. When the armature has arrived at synchronism with the cycles in the supply conductors, the speed of the commutator will be such as to render the current in the delivery conductors 19 and 20 uni-directional,

and thereafter the field'poles will not change their polarity. The armature poles, however, will continue to change their polarity with each phase of the cycle and thereby cause the armature to continue its rotation and maintain such rotation in synchronism with the cycles in the supply mains. Thus in my apparatus as soon as electric connection is established with the supply conductors there is a tendency created for the armature to rotate and this tendency persists until the motor has acquired full speed and rotates in synchronism with the cycles in the supply conductors. As soon as the motor has arrived at synchronism the apparatus will deliver pulsating direct current to the delivery conductors, no external starting device or synchronizer being required. Again, in the present form of apparatus in which four field poles are shown the number of revolutions of the motor are only half of the number of cycles occurring in the supply conductors in the same period of time.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is 1 1. A rectifier having supply conductors connected to a source of alternating current supply, deliyeryconductors, a motor provided in adj acent poles, said field windings being other and wound to produce like poles at theouterends of the armature, means for constantly maintaining electric connection between the supply conductors and the armature windings, whereby the polarity of the outer ends of the armature changes with each phase of the cycle, and commutating means operated by the motor armature for connecting the positive and negative supply conductors during each phase of the eye e to the positive and negative delivery conductors respectively.

2. A rectifier having supply conductors connected to a source of alternating current supply, delivery conductors, a motor provided with a plurality of field poles so wound and connected as to produce 0 posite polarities in adjacent poles, said fiel windings being connected to said delivery conductors and said motor having an armature from each other and wound to produce like poles at the outer ends of the armature,

means for constantly maintaining electric connection between the supply conductors and the armature windings, whereby the polarity of the outer ends of the armature changes with each phase of the cycle, and connecting means for connecting said sup ply conductors directly to said delivery conductors, said connecting means including collector rings constantly in electric connection with said delivery conductors, means for alternately connecting the different'supply conductors to the conductive segments of the commutator ring, and means mechanically operated by the motor armature for producing relative rotation between the commutator ring and its brushes.

3. A rectifier comprising alternating current, supply conductors, delivery conductors, two collector rings in electric connection with said supply conductors, a commutator ring comprising conductive segments insulated from each other, one set of conductive segments being electricall connected to one of said collector rings an the other set electrically connected to the other collector ring, means for electrically connecting the deliv- 'ery conductors to difierent conductive segments of the commutator ring, and. means for rotating said commutator ring at a speed bearing a constant ratio to the rate of change of phase in the supply conductors, said rotating means consisting of a motor having a bi-polar rot0r and a quadri-polar field, the field poles bein excited by windings connected to the delivery conductors and so wound that adjacent poles will have opposite polarity, the poles of the rotor being excited by ,coils connected respectively to the collector rings and so wound that the outer eflds of the rotor poles W11 have the same polarity.

4. A rectifier comprising two collector rings, alternating current supply eon due tors connected thereto, delivery eocducters each provided With-a brush, a eenmmtator ring cooperating with said brushes, the conduetive segments of said commutator being connected alternately to said collector rings and driving means for said commutator, said driving means being a quadri-poler metor having a rotor provided with two aeles, the field. poles having exciting coils so Wound and connected te the delivery conductors that ad acent 'poles W111 have opposlte polantles the rotor moles new so Wound and connected to the supply conductors that the eu ter ends of the rote poles will have the same polarity.

In Witness whereof, 1 have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two wit-

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