US1153944A - Magneto-generator. - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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T. W. MORGAN.

v MAGNETO GENERATOR. APPLICATION r1120 ocrfizz. 1913,

1 smmm 11c.

, Original application filetl March 26, 1912. Serial N... 686,205. Divided and'this application filed October 27,

, Serial No. 797,378.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIoE.

' THOMAS W. MORGAN, 0F WATERLOO, IOWA, 'ASSIGNOR TO .WILBUR W. MARSH, OF

WATERLOO, IOWA.

MAGNETO-GENERATOR.

Generators, of which the following is a full,

clear, and exact specification. r

My invention relates to magneto generators, and has-more particular reference to improvements in 'magnetos of the class used in ignition systems for internal combustion engines,

One of, the objects of my invention is to provide an improved magneto which will be simple, durable and reliable in construction, and effective and efficient in operation.

Another object-of my invention is to provide an improved .magneto structure which will be so constructed and arranged that the parts thereof will be interchangeable and may be manufactured in large quantities and assembled without adjustment.

A further object of my invent on is to provide an improved field pole-piece, which may be formed lip-from sheet metal without the aid of expensive machine work.

Another object of my invention is to provide a magneto havingilnproved means for conveniently timing the magneto with the engine with which it is used, without disturbing the parts of the magneto or necessitating its being disassembled. This application is a division of my copending application S'erial No. (386,205, filed March 26, 1912.

i To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful object's,- hereinafter appearing, my inventio consists in the featuresof novelty disclosed in the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts and hereinafter described and claimed, and shown 1n the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of my invention, and m which Figure 1 is a central longitudinalvert cal section of a magneto generator embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section on the line 22 of Fig. 1. ig. 3 is a transverse vertical section on the hne 3 .-3 of' Fig. 1, the end of the armature being shown in elevation. Fig. 4: is a horizontal section partlyin elevation on the line 4-4 Patented Sept. 21, 1915.

of Fig. 3, and, Fig. is a detail perspective view of a device for holding the clamping bolts from turning.

In the drawings I have illustrated my invcntion as embodied in a magneto generator designed to be used more particularly for igniting the charge in gas engines of the single cylinder type adapted for rotation in either direction, but it will be clearly manifest to one skilled in the art, afterhaving obtained an understanding of my invention from the disclosures herein made. that my invention is not restricted to the particular structure shown, nor is its application limited to single cylinder engines.

The magneto shown in the drawings has a casing or frame A, which is preferably constructed as an inclosuic so as to protect the operating parts of the magneto from dirt and injury. Access. however, must be gained to the interior thereof at times for the purpose of inspection, cleaning and repair, hence it is necessary to occasionally disassemble the structure. It is desirable, therefore, that the structure be capable of being assembled in operative relation without further adjustment than the mere plac ing together of the parts.

In the structure shown the frame A has journal bearings 1 and 2 at the ends thereof, preferably formed integral therewith. The frame is preferably divided into two sections separably fitted together at their abutting edges 3 and 4 respectively, as

. nets 8 rest, hence the magnets 8 will always be positioned properly inrelation to the frame without the necessity of further adjustment each time the parts are assembled.

Eachside of the frame is provided with a detachable field pole-piece which projects 4 into the open side thereof and embraces the rotary armature D. In the structure shown faced off flat as indicated at 12, (Figs.- 2

in Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, the pole-pieces are composed, of arc-shaped plates 9 and flat support ng plates 10, but as shown in Figs. 6 to 9 inclusive, and Band 13, they may be formed up from one piece of metal. The

pole-piece plates 9 are preferably rectangular and. are blanked out and formed or pressedup from sheet metal of suitable thickness; The pole-piece plates 9 after being given an arc-shaped formation are and 3), so that they may befirmly mounted may be securely fastened together by means of several rivets 13, theheads ofwhichpreferably do "not proj ect beyond the plate surfaces. f-The supporting plat-es are rec- 'tangulanbut somewhat longer than the field plates, andare provided with holes 10 at their corners through which bolts 14: may be inserted and'screwed into the frame section (Fig. 4:) to clamp the' pole-pieces in position at ,the sides of the -frame and at.

the same time hold the frame sections together. As is manifest, the pole-pieces also serve tov completely close the open sides of I the frame and prevent moisture and dirt from'gainin g access to the interior mechaso ni sm. The permanent field magnets 8 bridge the frame structure, and their lower ends 8 asbefore mentioned rest on the ledges 7 o the base 6. These magnets may be firmly'crrmped flatly against the plates 10 by means of the plates or strips 15, the bolts 16 and nuts 17. The clamping bolts 16 may be inserted'through suitable holes in; the backing plates 10 from the inner sides thereof, and may be long enough to project beyond t fi-magnets and receive the clamp ingplates'or strips 15 and nuts 17. These bolts may be prevented from turning by means of small metal clips 18' (Fig. 5). The clips 18 as shown are placed between pole-piece platesfi and 10 and one-of their edges 19 are arranged to. fit the slots in the m ids 2-0 of the bolts. The edges 19 have 21 to prevent the clips from becoming displaced en'dwise.

The armature D is preferably of the b1- pola-r type comprisingthe two heads or poles'25 connected by a core 26, and a suitahle winding 27 on the core between the poles. The ends of the armature may be provided with disks or circular plates 29 and 30, which may be secured thereto, so as to be. easily disassembled, by means of a number of screws 31. These end plates or disks 29 and 80 carry the centrally positioned stud shafts 32 and 33, arranged in axial alinement and rotatably mounted in I the journal bearings 1 and 2 respectively.

The shaft 33 is hollow and carries an insulating sleeve 34, having a metal plug 35 intion of the armature.

terminal cli'b. 36, to which one end of the armature winding may be connected. A brush 37 is mounted in the outer end of the insulating ".leeve 34 and operates in the hollow eno-tof a binding post or terminal 38, and this brush is yieldingly seated in position during the rotation of the armature by means of a spring 39 interposed between the inner end of the brush and plug. The binding post 38 is 'mounted in an insulating' plug or cap 10 set into the. end of the journal bearing 2 and is fastened in place by a set-screw 4-1, whereby it may be readily removed and access. gained to the interior of the bearing whenever desired. The other terminal (not shown) of the armature winding may be grounded directly onthe armature metal as usual. The

engine insuch position that a train of gears' or a chain belt may be connected between the armature shaft 82 and the'engine shaft for the purpose of driving the magneto, and these driving mechanisms are proportioned 'to' drive the-magneto at a speed consistent with the speed of the engine, to secure the best sparking results. It is also customary to connect the insulated terminal 38 of the magneto with the corresponding insulated terminal of the make-and-break sparking apparatus of the'gas engine, and to ground the other terminal of the armature winding on the frame of the'machine.

My inrproved magneto is designed more particularly for use in connection. with gas engines intended to run in either direction, and since the magneto is connected therewith by a. positive driving mechanism, as

above mentioned, the magneto must necessarily run in either direction corresponding to the engine. It is a matter of common knowledge in magneto generators of the bipolar type, that the alternating current wave reaches its maximum value when the polarity of the armature is reversed at a certain point in its revolution, hence the current is of maximum value for sparking or ignition purposes at this point. This point, however, as is well known, changes in accordance with the direction of rota- For instance, in the structure shown, during the rotation of the armatur inthe direction of the arrow (Fig. 3) the current rises to its'maximum dotted line XX. During the opposite di- .rection of rotation the current rises to maxvalue when the armature poles 25 reach.

substantially the positionindicated by the.

' :the frame.

' the OftSlIlgdIl such manner that they may be vplace when the armature is in either of' these positions, depending on the direction of rotation. This is usually done by adjusting the gear on the armature shaft until the position of the armature is timed or 00- lncldes with the make-and-brea-k apparatus of the engine. Hence, whenever the direction of rotation of the engine is reversed,

it is necessaryjto change the adjustment of the magneto with respect thereto. In the present magnetos on the'market the magneto must be partially disassembled so that the armature can be seen while the adjustment "is being made. To avoid all of these objections, I'prede ermine the positions of the armature and provide timing mechanism accessible from the outside of the magneto frame whereby the armature may be temporarily held in eitherof its predetermined positions without disturbing or disassembling the parts in any manner. This mechanism is arranged to automatically releasethe instant the armature is rotated after. adjustment. Referring more particularly to Figs, 3 and 4, it will be observed that in the end of the frame section which carries the journal bearing 1, there is provided two small headed pins or plugs 45, one on each side of the shaft 32, and preferably arranged in a horizontal plane. These are freely movable longitudinally in They project outwardly beyond readily pressed inwardly by the fingers. The end plate or disk 29 of the armature may be provided with a small depression or socket 47, so disposed that when the socket is alined with one or the other of the stop pins 45, the armature will be in one or theother of its predetermined positions, indicated by the dotted lines XX' or Y-Y, depending upon the direction of rotation of the armature. The head 46 of a stop pin, when the pin is pressed inwardly, enters the timing socket 47 and thereby the armature-may be held against rotation as long as the pressure is maintained on the pin, but as soon as the pin is released the rotation ofthe armature automatically throws the pin outwardly in a non-holding position. It will thus be seen that when it is desired to time the magneto with the engine it 'is simply necessary to loosen the gear on the armature shaft, press inwardly the pin corresponding to the desired d1rection of rotation of the armature, and turn the armature until the pin engages the depression 47. Thus the armature may be held in its predetermined position while the sparking apparatus is timed therewith. The gear on the armature shaft may then be tightened.

It will be observed that my invention is capable of various modifications without departing from the spirit thereof, and I Wish it to be clearly understood that I am not limited to the particular structure shown in the drawings.

\Vhat I claim as new is:

1. In a magneto generator, the combina tion of a frame, an armature journaled in said frame and inclosed by the latter, said armature being provided wlth a recess therein, and two pins slidably mounted in said frame, one of said pins when the armature is rotated in one direction being adapted to engage the recess when a maximum current is generated in the armature, and the other of said pins being adapted when the. armature is rotated in the other direction to engage the recess when a maximum current is generated in the armature.

2. In a magneto generator, the combination of a frame, an armature journaled in said frame and inclosed by the latter, said armature being provided with a recess substantially conical, and a pin slidably mounted in said frame and having a rounded head thereon adapted to be brought into engagement with said recess, the shape of the head and recess causing the head to ride out of the recess upon rotation of the armature.

3. In a magneto generator of the class described, the combination of a frame, an armature rotatable in and inclosed by said frame, field magnets mounted on the frame in relation to said armature, a freely movable pin mounted in the end of said frame on each side of the axis of rotation of the armature and corresponding to the position wherein the maximum current is developed in said armature depending upon the direc-' tion of rotation thereof, and a depression in the end of said armature adapted to be engaged by either of said pins depending upon which one is actuated.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, on this 22nd day of October A. D. 1913.

THOMAS W. MORGAN.

Witnesses:

HAROLD B. PLUMB, VVJLLIAM R. LUMRY.

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