US1153076A

US1153076A - Dynamo-electric generator.

Info

Publication number: US1153076A
Application number: US66689011A
Authority: US
Inventors: John O Heinze Jr
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1911-12-20
Filing date: 1911-12-20
Publication date: 1915-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 1932-09-07

Description

J. 0. HEINZE, Jn. DYNAMO ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 20, I911.

Patented Sept. 7, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l- J. 0. HEINZE, JR.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC GENERATOR. APPLICATION FILED 05c. 20, 1911.

Patented Sept. 7, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

lytrzesses lien-e722??? fl k w V. 'OcU/ 'M UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

To all whomiit may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN O. HEINZE, J12, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lowell, in p the county of Middlesex and 'State of-Massachusetts, have invented a ing its pole pieces adapted to be moved centripetally and centrifugally toward and certain new and useful Dynamo-Electric Generator, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the r accompanying drawings.

Whilemy invention relates generally to dynamo-electric generators using either germanent or electromagnets to create the it relates particularly 0 those generators that can be-driv'en at var g speeds and yet can produce electrical currents of substantially constant potential.

The object of my invention may be said to be an elimination of the delicate devices, embodied in prior structures required to keep'a constant potential, regardless of the speed of the generator; and I attain this object by providing a rotatable magnet havaway from a stationaryarmature in parallel planes, one of which .passes through the longitudinal axis of the armature; all being designed to increase or decrease the air space between the pole pieces andthe armature, upon an increase or decrease in speed of the generator, and thus to diminish or increase the intensity of the magnetic field, so that less or more the lines of force of the rotating field may at such increased or decreased ture, and a commutator engaged by suitable brushes; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one of the pole pieces; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical view, partly in section, while Fig. 4 is a plan, partly in section, the cores of the magnethaving been removed to expose one of the pole pieces, brushes, and other details of construction. Fig. 5 is an end elevation; Fig. 6 is a detail view and illustrates-in an exaggerated manner the movement of one of 'the pole pieces toward or away from the armature.

This variable speed constant potential DYNAMO-ELECTRIG GENERATOR.

. Specification of Letters Patent.

' shaft;

JOHN O. HEINZE, JR, OF LOWSELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

generator has a base A, Fig. 3, provided with two end supports B, B, in which are mounted'in suitable ball-bearings O, C, a shaft D, designed to be operatively connected with, say, the driving shaft, of an internal combustion engine. Inclosing one end portion of the shaft and secured to one of the end supports B is a cylindrical shell E upon which is fixedly mounted an armature F of any Well known'type, for example, that known as thefSiemens wound armature. To the opposite end portion of this shaft are secured twp semi-circular hinged

members

1, 2,the axis of the pivots 3, 4c, [of the hmge passing, at right angles, through the longitudinal axis (Z, Fig. 5, of the whilearranged in suitable holes formed in the inside faces of these hinged members are inserted series of cylindrical

soft iron cores

5, 6, so arranged that the longitudinal .axesof these cores are,

when the cores are in normal position, substantially parallel with the longitudinal axis of the shaft; these cores being arranged in driving shaft as a center. 9n the opposite en portions of these two series of cores are ed two

metal pole pieces

7, 8, Figs. 1, 2, 3,1 5, arranged on opposite sides of the armature F, and substantially embracing butnot contacting the same, because of an abutting plate 9 made fast to the shaft, inside of the hinged plates, and adapted to be engagedby limiting

screws

10, 11, passing through the said hinged

plates

1, 2.

To elastically and centripetally control the outward movement of the pole pieces 7,

insure uniform equal and opposite movements of the pole pieces toward and away from the armature, there area pair of restraining arms 16, 17, having universal joints 18, and being pivotally secured diametrically opposite each other in a collar 19 free to slide on said shaft, one side of the collar being adapted to come into abutment with an abutting ring 20, fixed in a suitable position on the shaft, when the pole pieces have reached the desired limit of outward movement.

Patented Sept. "7, 1915.

Application filed December 20,1911. Serial No. 666,890.

the are of a circle struck from the axis of the "and assume the position indicated in dotted lines,- Fig. 6; that the outward movementis limited by the abutment of the restraining arm collar 19 and the abutting ring 20, while the inward movement, as,already explained, is limited by the

screws

10, 11, in the

hinged plates

1, 2, contacting the abutting plate 9 ture of electrical ,that the intensity secured to the driving shaft; that the pole pieces will tend to move to a greater or less distance awayfrom the armature, upon a greater or less speed of the driving shaft;

of the magnetic field between the pole pieces will necessarily increase or decrease as the pole pieces approach or recede from each other, and, consequently, that while the electrical current generated in the armature will increase or decrease in proportion to the intensity of the magnetic field, it will proportionately decrease or increase in proportion to the speed of the armature, so that the result secured, viz., an electrical current of uniform potential, is the same regardless of whether the speed of the driving shaft is variable or constant.

Having explained the principle and general structure of the means whereby an electrical generator may produce a current of constant potential, at varying speeds of the generator, the only problem remaining is one which all those skilled in the manufacgenerators can readily solve, that is, the problem of so designing the hinged magnet and pole pieces and their connecting springs, and so winding the armature, that between certain limits in variations in the speed of rotation of the shaft} and hence the magnet, there will be such a correlation of the intensity of the magnetic field, and the speed with which the coils of the armature out the magnetic lines of force, that the above mentioned current of uniform potential will result.

The current generated in the armature may be delivered in any well known way, as by a commutator G fixedly secured to the cylindrical shell E upon which the stationary armature F is mounted. Carbon brushes 25, Figs. 1 and 4, rubbing opposite sides of this commutator are mounted in legs 26, 27 of a U-shaped holder the base 28 of which is metal and is fixed to the driving shaft; these legs 26, 27, being of fiber; and the brushes being held in contact with the commutator by means of

contact springs

29, 30, fixed upon the outside portions of the legs. One of these springs, as 30, is in electrical connection with, and grounded on the base of the generator, through an insulated wire 30; while the other, as 29, is electrically .adapted to move connected by means of an insulated wire 29',

with a metal rod 31, Fig. 3, mounted in along hole therefor in the longitudinal axis of the drivi g shaft D; said rod being insulated-from the side of thehole by a fiber tube 32. Mounted in the outer end portion of this metal rod there may be, if thought desirable, a number of metal spring fingers 33 which protrude therefrom and serve to make suitable electrical contact with electricalconnections for the delivery of the electricity generated by the generator and drawn off from the armature through the commutator. I I

While this generator isdesigned to be used for ignition purposes as well as for electric lighting, I have not considered 'it necessary to show or to describe any of the well known methods of sulting current, for the reason that my invention residesjsimply in a centrifugally controlled magnet whose pole pieces are the armature in a plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the farmature.

Having disclosed the principle of my invention and the general features of construction, those skilled in the art may make many variations in details to suit a great variety of environments, without departing from the positive law of action inherent in all structures embodying my invention.

Desiring to protect my invention in the broadest manner legally possible, what I claim is 1. In a generator having driving means and a stationary armature; a rotatable magnethaving pole pieces and logs hinged to the driving means; said legs and pole pieces having one of their planes of movement pass through the longitudinal axis of the armature; the rotation of. said magnet causing the pole pieces to movein saidplane away from the armature.

2. In a generator having a driving shaft and a stationary armature; a rotatable magdistributing the retoward and away from net, having two legs provided with pole 7 pieces to rotate about, and to form the mag netic field for, said armature, and pivoted to the driving shaft; said legs and pole pieces having a common plane of inward and of outward movement passing through the longitudinal axis of the armature.

In a generator having a driving shaft arid a stationary armature; a rotatable magnet, having two legs provided with pole pieces to rotate about, and to form the magnetic field for, said armature, and pivoted to the driving shaft; said legs and pole pieces having a common plane of inward and of outward movement passing through the longitudinal axis of the armature; and suitable spring connections tend to approach the rotation, and hence in whereby the pole pieces pieces to rotate about, and to form the magnetic field for, said armature, and pivoted to the driving shaft; said legs and pole pieces having a common. plane of inward and of outward movement passing through the longitudinal axis of the armature; suitable spring connections whereby the pole pieces tend to approach the armature, upon a decrease in the speed of rotation, and

hence in the centrifugal force inherent in the rotating legs and pole pieces of the magnet; and llmiting arms sliding on the shaft and connected to'the pole pieces whereby each pole piece moves equally toward or away from the armature. I

5. In a generator having a driving shaft and a statlonary armature; a rotatable magnet, having two legs provided with. pole pieces to rotate about, and to form the magnetic field for, said armature, and pivoted to the driving shaft; said legs and pole pieces having a common plane of inward and of outward movement passing through the longitudinal axis of the armature; suitable spring connections whereby the pole pieces tend to approach the armature, upon a decrease in the speed of rotation, and hence in the centrifugal force inherent in the rotating legs and pole pieces of the magnet; limiting arms sliding on the shaft and connected to the pole pieces whereby each pole piece moves equally toward or away from the armature; and means for limiting the inward and the outward movements of the pole pieces,

In testimony whereof I' aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN O. HEINZE, JR. Witnesses:

Gno. S. LUNGER, OSCAR M. SPRINGER.