US1152495A - Type-writer. - Google Patents

Description

K. DOUGAN.

TYPE WRITER.

APPLICATION FILED DEc.27. 1913.

Llfififi fl, PatentedSept. 7, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET I.

W/T/VELSISTS I KENNEDY DOUGAN, 0F MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

TYPE-WRITER.

mamas.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 7, 1915.

Application filed December 27. 1913. Serial No. 809,000.

To all whom itmay concern:

Be it known that I, KENNEDY DOUGAN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Minneapolis, in the county'of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in -Type: Writers, of which the following is a speclfication.

This invention relates to typewriters. The object of the invention is to provide a small, light t'ypewriting apparatus, adapted to write upon a sheet of paper laid flat upon a desk or table. r

A. portion of the apparatus is'to be set directly upon the paper to be written on;

the remainder of the apparatus, 71. e., the

H-II of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged horizontal section of two associated typebars, their guides, the connecting gear, and a spring. Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical section of one of said type-bars. Fig. 5 is a horizontal'section of the frame of the device shown in Fig. 1, omitting the parts Within said frame. Fig.- 6 is a diagram showing the arrangement of type-bars. Fig. 7 represents a simultaneous impression of all the typecarried .by one type-carrier. Fig. 8 is a top view of a machine which is adapted to guide the type-carriers in writing upon flat sheets of paper, Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view on a line IX IX of Fig. 8. Fig. 9 is a detail view of an overthrowcheck. Fig. 10 is a central vertical section of certain details, on a line X-X of Fig.

8. Fig. 11 is a plan diagram of the machine shown in Fig. 8, with an inking-pad in front. Fig. 12 is a top view of a modified typewriter which has no carriage. Fig. 13 a cross sectional view on a line XIII-XIII of Fig. 12, showing an engaged type-block. Fig. 14 is an end elevation wvithout the type-block. Fig. 15 is a front elevation of the ink-pad. Fig. 16 is a secfinger, while the tional detail view of one line-spacing device,

.viewed in direction of arrow, Fig. 14, but

all the levers in operative position.

showing Fig. 17 is a vertical sectional view of atwoseries type-carrier adapted for this species of typewriter. 1

Referring in detail to the drawings: The

frame, or case, of a carrier comprises in- 'tegral ends 1 and top 2, and removable sideplates 3. On the top portion 2 is attached a finger-clip, comprising, as shownhere, two U-shaped pieces 4 and 5, both of resilient sheet metal. The piece 4 has ears 6 which firmly engagethe sides of an inserted piece 5 receives the top of the finger. In the frameor case. 12-3 are two rows or series of longitudinally slidable type-bars 7, each of which bears upon its lower end a type 8. The number of typebars to, a row may vary from three to seven, according .to the sizes of types employed. Were all the type in said carrier impressed at once upon aflat sheet of paper, the im pressions would appear as shown in Fig.7, for example. ,But the device, is so constructed that the type are selectively pro-Z jected from the case for successive use as will be described hereinafter.

The type-bars 7 are guided in their movements by small ears 9, struck in from the side plates .3, andby longitudinal bars '10, fastened to the end portions 1. Each typebar 7 is preferably U-shaped'in right sec tion, and its base portion is provided with.

an interior rack, or with, a row of perforations 11 by which it becomes a rack in function. Thus the bars 7 are rack-bars as well as type-bars. Each opposed pair of rack bars are geared together, preferably, with a pinion 12. The series of pinions 12 are separately rotatable on a shaft 13 whose ends are fixed inthe frame ends 1. Each pinion 12 is yieldably held in a normal position,

i. e. that in which the two associated rackbars are at the same height, or in line, as shown in Fig. 2, by a spring 14, dependin froma rod '16 and connected to an eye 1% on the pinion hub, by a fine chain or cord 18, which latter will obviate injury to the spring where the movement of the pinion is half a turn or more;

Desirably the type blocks 8 are either loosely connected to the respective bars 7,

or in a manner to permit of limited rocking motion in all directions. Fig. 4 shows a type block provided with a half-ballhead 19, which fits rockably in a socket milled in 5 the end of the bar 7. A thin flat torsion spring ,20 has its lower end fixed in a kerf in the head 19 and its upper T-shaped end has cars 20 which rest on lugs 21 struck in from flanges7 there being two pairs of said lugs, between which pairs the said spring portions 20 are loosely inserted. [Thus the spring 20 supports the type-block 8 and also returns it to normal alinement after any deviation therefrom. Each typebar is provided on its outer face with a stud 22, which is flush with theside plate 3 adjacent. To permit movement of the studs 22 both up and down, the side plates 3 are made with slots 23, the lower ends/of which are flared, thus providing each of said plates,

with-a 'row of prongs 24, which normally extend nearly to the faces of the type, and terminate in a plane parallel to that of said faces. It is obvious that by depressing the 25 carrier-frame bodily, and at the same time supporting any stud 22 as by a post orvertical pin, the pinion engaged with the bar 7 carrying said stud, will be turned and will drive down the other bar 7 to which it is geared; the motion of the latter being double the downward motion of the frame. This type-carrier may be employed in connection with any suitably devised machine having means for accurately registering a type- 85 block with a point on a sheet of paper, and means for engaging any of the studs 22 when p the carrier .is positioned by the operator and depressed. In Figs. 8 and 9 is shown a machine that is adapted for using said typecarriers to write upon sheets of paper laid flat upon a desk or table, there being no platen. This machine is very small and light, and may be constructed almost entirely of sheet metal. The, base 26 of said machine is a rectangular sheet metal plate,

having a breadth greater than that of commercial or legal size paper. It is held in position upon .a sheet of paper 27 by short pins 28 which are permanently secured to the base. 29 is at-longitudinal slot, through which ,oneline at least of writing will be visible. 30 is a carriage, which travels longitudinally upon the base 26, and is supported by four anti-friction rollers 31, three of which are shown in Fig. 9., The front side of the carriage is held from rising by a con? tinuous angular flange 32 on the base. The

rear side of the carriage is held from risin by a similar flange 33. The carriage is hel from contact with the inner face of the front flange 32, by a downturned lip 33 on the rear flange 33. I

The carriage is provided "with a square opening 34, the size of one type-block, and

registering with theslot 29 in the base 26.

Over and around said opening 34 is a low hopper shaped guide 36, whose inclined inner walls 36 direct a type-block into said opening. At each side of said guide is' a post 37, having the same thickness as one of 7c the type-bar studs 22, and its upper end 37 at such a height that when a stud 22 is placed'thereon and the carrier depressed, a type will run down through the opening 34 and strike the paper 27 with the proper length of stroke. Each post 37 is provided on its upper end with an outwardly and upwardly inclined lip 38.

- To print a given letter, the type-carrier is held with the rows of type normal to the slot 29 in the base; the carrier-slot 23 opposite such letter is placed over the right or left hand post 37, according to which row the given letter belongs; the carrier is depressed; a stud 22 strikes the lip 38, which 86 guides the stud to the top of the post 37; the carrier continues downward, the proper type-bar 7 is run down through guide 36 and opening 34 and prints a character upon the paper. lVhen the carrier is raised, the 90 spring 14 that was tensioned by the said movements raises the type-bar just used and lowers its mate, thereby repositioning the type-bars in the carrier. There may be six of said carriers, three for each hand. A sight opening 39 (Fig. 8) in the carriage may be cut at the left of the type-hole 34-, so that the next to the lastcharacter printed may be seen by the operator.

The carriage is automatically given a stepby-step movement during each upward movement of a type-carrier. This is effected by means initially actuated by each downward movement of a type-carrier, orby a thumb or finger pressing upon a spacer-key and striking-plate, or key-plate 40. Said key-plate 40 is so positioned that its portion 40 will be struck by one or more of the prongs 24, in the downward stroke of a typecarrier in any operative position, toward or from the operator, or right and left. Said key-plate is pivoted on pins 41, 42 which turn in bearings 43, on the carriage. It is pressed upward by a torsion spring 44, on pin 42, and engaging a lug 46.

Integral with key-plate 40 is a rearwardly extending arm 47 which carries an arc gear 48, which meshes with a pinion 49, on a shaft 50 journaled in bearings 51, 52. Pinion 49 carries a pawl-arm 53 on which is a driving ,pawl 54 which is springressed upon a ratchet wheel 56 on said sha t. Secured to ratchet-wheel 56 is a worm 57. If the worm and ratchet wheel are keyed on the shaft, the pinion will be loose, or the, pinion may be keyed, with the worm and ratchet wheel loose. An idle pawl 58 provents the ratchet wheel from turning backward. The pawl 54 turns the ratchet wheel during the upward motion of the gear-arm 47, 1ea ving the worm 57 motionless during the down stroke. As shown, the pinion 49 will'be turned exactly half a revolution at cally opposite aiil'ffotherf; The detent serves two purposes, as it gin-or only limits'the turn of the worrn'to theexactturnim pir fid by the :pawi, but fo m a St 1; toijthe; u ward" motion of the gear 48*,and "key-plate -40.

The worm'57 engages notches '61 in a longitudinal rack bar 62, whose ends are pro-' vided with pivots 63 which are heldfbyv standards .64 on the baseplate 26. IA-lever "66 is mounted OIL'OIIGOf the pivots for turning the rack-bar 62 which is held. at

a normal angle'by leaf springs 67 (Fig. 91):

bearing thereon.

To move "the carriage to the, left ,.depres s th lever 66, thereby turning the raclg'bar, out of engagement with the Worm" '57, and v slide the carriage by a finger placedagainst one of the posts 37. Then register the worm with a notch 60 and return the raclebar to normal position. To space the carriagefon ward, depress the key 40 once forfeach space. When printing, one or more prongs 24 of each type-carrier will depress the per: tion 40, of the key-plate 40, and when the.-

-carrier is lifted the spring will step the carriage for the next character, as described; I To space between lines, the machine lSIQlJOdily raised and moved forward by means of a device shown in Fig. 16 and presently'.described.

Figs. 12,1 and 14. illustrate a fiat sheet typewriterinfwhich no carriage 1s provided. As. a substitute therefor, a series of stationary type-bar guides are arranged across the. frame or'base, there being as many typespaces between said guide as there are characters in the longest line of writin. The type-carriers are like that herelnbe ore de-' scribed, but racemes. are omitted 'and type-bars are actuated selectivelybybeing directly pressed'upon said type-bar guides; direction-.1 If all three levers of each set osition, when-..tho-.

orwarol the longest? The frame of the'typewriter 1s flat, .rectan' gular and horizontal. lt com ri es "end pieces 125' and two upturned anges 127 1- along its longitudinal outer edge. Sa d frame is. provided with pads 128, of soft. rubber or other good friction material; These padsfrest'u'pon"thesheet of paper. 129, and prevent .the frames slipping thereon. Integral With-or secured iii' s'aid frame are a series of upturned transverse ribs 180, hereinafter called uides}! These guides are spaced apart the dlarne'ter of'one type-block,

and are. of such length as to receive'a guidelug 131on a type-carrier 132 in any position of the carrien the carrier having such a lug Ward on the line of slots 137 have no. function,

pairs of members guides, in

jusedare inser ed I In order, toleave-the writing visible, a omitted and the type be]. inked upon a large pad as 139, which is shown in Fig. 14 in 'front of the typewriter.

i'han-dles 144 are drawn levers 142 would engage'th'e paper first and 134v nearest the'front is'made as low as posalready written by looking obliquely downthe arrow, 15. The

weight of the frame. The outer flanges 127 serve to brace the transverse guides 130-.-

Rising'from the innerendof each transverse I guide 130 is a narrow inor post, 138, h .i'ng vertical inner an outer edges, except that the upper portions of the inner edges are beveled as shown at The opposed 13.8 i'orm .abutments and which the inates of the type to be,

ribbon. should Y be" The bottom of thecase of said pad is provided with narrow runners 139 which slide upon the paperat the -margins thereof.

To. cause the lines to be printed in parallelism, anylsuitable construction may be resorted A 'very...simple device for the purpose is here-shown, consisting of two ."sets'of pointed stepping levers 140, 141, 142,

one set at each-side or end of the frame, and

havingfulcrums positioned somewhat forwardly of the. center of said frame; Said fulcrums 1147 are held by the frame ends 125. .Each set of levers is mounted on a main lever 143 having an operating handle 144.

Said pointed levers are of three lengths, and are adapted respectively to shift the frame a; single, space, a double or a triple space. As shown, all three levers are pivoted on one pin 146. which is carried by the main lever '143beloW its fulcrum, 147. On the main lever are three stops 148, which prevent the respective stepping levers from turning on thef'pivot 146 in one direction, but permit them to be turned in the other or rearward were. left in" operative,

themachine a triple space. Hencethe tive. ,Each lever140, 141, 142 is provided with a leaf. spring149 which 'bypressing on the associated sto .148 holds its lever yieldably in extende positlon when said lever is free of the paper. Fig. 16 shows very well the relative operative positions of the levers 140, 141, 142 and their relative lengths. When the handles 144 are drawn but reduce the" forward, the levers 140 penetrate the paper and engage the wood beneath it, and as they turn backward the main pivots 147 lift and carry the frame forward the proper distance, at each end thereof, so the lines of writing will be parallel. Thehandles 144 are then returned to the normal position, during which movement each pointed lever 140 turns backward on pivot 146, thereby tensioning its spring 149, until free of the paper, when it is immediately re-extended by said spring. When the handles 144 are released said levers will fall back upon the paper to the starting position. The main le\ ers 143 require no stops, because no matter how far they are turned, the machine will be shifted the right distance only.

It will be understood that in writing with .this apparatus the operator inserts the type bearing the proper characters in the suc-- cessive points of the longitudinal slot between the guide-flanges 134. The details of the operation have already been described.

Having described my invention, I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

-1. In a typewriter, a frame adapted to be set upon a fiat sheet of paper, means held by said frame for guiding type in successive 5 positions to write a line, and a manually carried frame, provided with a plurality of' "type.

2. In a-typewriter, a frame adapted to be set upon a flat sheet of paper, means held by said frame for guiding type in successive positions to write a line, a manually carried frame, provided with a plurality of 'type, and means. for selectively printing with said type, said means comprising a member associated with the type-guide held by said frame. p

1 3. In a typewriter, a multicharacter printing device adapted to befoarried by and upon a finger of the hand; a framefadapted to be set upon a flat sheet of paper; and means mounted on said frame forguiding and selectively operating the type when the said printing device is depressed in certain relative positions to said guiding and selective operating means.

4.;In a typewriter, a base adapted to be I set upon a fiat sheet of paper, said base having a slot therein parallel, to the lines of writing; a carriage movable on said base parallel to said slot, a type-guide and an abutment carriedby the carriage, a manually carried frame, a series of separately movable type carried by said frame, and

'- projections on said type, adapted for engagement with said abutment.

5..'In a t pewriter,-a base adapted to be set'upon-a at'sheet of paper, said base hav- .-'ing-a slot therein' parallel to the lines of .writing;' a 'carriage movable on said base parallel to said slot, means for shifting the carriage'step by step, said means compriscarriage step by step, said means comprising a downwardly movable plate positioned to be actuated by depression of a type-carrier, a spring bearing said plate upwardly, a manually carried type-carrier provided with means for actuating said plate in its printing movement, and a series of movable type-bars in said carrier.

7. In a typewriter, a carriage, a worm mounted upon the carriage, a base, a rackbar supported by the base and meshed with said worm, a movableplate mounted on the carriage, means'to turn said worm by movement of said plate in one direction, a spring to move said plate in the opposite direction,

a type-guide mounted on the carriage, a manually carried type-carrier provided with means or actuating said plate, and typebars in said carrier.

8. In a typewriter, a carriage, a typeguide adapted to receive a single type, a pair of posts arranged at opposite sides of said guide, upon the carriage, a type-carrier comprising two series of type-bars each relatively movable therein, lateral studs on said type-bars, each stud being adapted to engage one of said posts, means on the type-carrier to engage said posts for guiding the studs to meet said posts, and means whereby when "thetype-carrier is depressed with any type- 1 bar stud upon one of said studs, a different type-bar will be thrust down through said type-guide.

9. In a typewriter, a frame adapted to be set upon a flat sheet-of paper, said frame having an opening therein parallel to a line of writing; longitudinal type-guides along the sides of said opening, a series of combined type-guides and abutments arranged along said opening and spaced apart to correspond with spacing of letters in a line, a manually carried type-carrier, comprising two series of type-bars movably mounted therein, and type on said ty e-bars; said abutments and guides being a apted to up- :hold one type-bar only when the type-carrier is depressed in proper relative position.

10. In a ty ewriter, a frame adapted to be set upon a atsheet of paper, said frame having an opening therein parallel to a line of writing; longitudinal type-guides along the sides vof said opening, a series of combinedtype-guides and abutments arranged along said opening and spaced apart to correspond with spacing of letters in a line, a

memee E manually carried type-carrier, comprising between said type-guides and through said!- two series of type-bars 'movably mounted opening.

therein, and type on said type-bars; and KENNEDY DUUGAN. means whereby when the type-carrier is de- Witnesses: 5 pressed with any one type upon an abut- S. SHUFELDT,

nient a different type will be thrust down K. IMBODEN.

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