US1152394A - Utilizing heat energy. - Google Patents

Description

w. 0. BROWN. UTH .|ZING HEAT ENERGY. APPLICATION FILED JAN-31. I912.

Patented Sept. 7, 1915 2 SHEETSSHEET l.

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UTILIZING HEAT ENERGY. APPLICATION FILED IAN-3I, I9I2.

Patented Sept. 7, 1915.

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WILLIAM '0. BROWN, 0F SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 HUMPHREY GAS PUMP COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

UTILIZING HEAT ENERGY.

Specification of Letters Patent. 7

Application filed January 31, 1912. Serial No. 674,508.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM C. BROWN, a citizen of the United States, residin at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, fate of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement for Utilizing Heat Energy, of which the following is a specification My invention relates to improvements in means for utilizing heat energy especially as applicable to the'moving of water, either to raise the same to a higher head or pressure, or to compress air, or otherwise store energy. My invention' is especially applicable to internal combustion engines, pumps and compressors of the general type which are now known in the art as the Humphrey pump or compressor. One of the simplest forms of such a pump comprises, in operative relationship, a combustion, expansion, or power chamber, a play pipe, a discharge, and alsoa source of liquid supply. The operation of this device, consists in utiliz- I ing the expansive force of a primary medium against a column of liquid, with or withv out an interposing piston, thereby causing an outstroke of the liquid along the play pipe to a greater head or pressure. When the momentum of the outstroke of the liquid is spent the column returns in the play pipe in response to the head or pressure to which it has been driven, and liquid flows back to expel burnt products and to compress a fresh expansible charge. The object of the present invention is to increase the efficiency, as for example, to give a greater suction or lifting force to the incoming liquid or water.

Where a pump of the class described has a suction lift, it is of course necessary to produce a tendency to vacuum in the play pipe, in order to lift the water to it, and

where air or other elastic cushion is used to start the return movement of the water column, the air in this cushion will normally have to expand down to below atmospheric pressure before water will be lifted. This is undesirable in many cases, since it limits the practicability of the pump to very low suction lifts. By using a rigid piston between the water column andthe compressedexpansible medium, this undesirable condition is prevented and other advantages are secured.

Referring to the drawings, which show" merely by way of example, apparatus suitable for effecting my improved invention-' sor with my invention applied thereto. The

expansion chamber 4 being provided with the usual inlet and discharge ports. This chamber delivers to the play pipe 5. The

- other end of the play pipe being the water discharge end, will be described in connec tion with Fig. 2.

Referring to Fig. 2, 5 indicates a portion of the play pipe toward the water or'discharge end of the apparatus. 6 indicates the discharge valves, 7 the air chamber into which the water or other liquid is forced, 8 the discharge pipe, 9 a hollow piston adapted to reciprocate in the air chamber 10, communicating with the supplemental annular air chamber 11 through the ,ports 12. This piston 9 is connected with the vertical hollow rod 13 which communicates with the interior of piston 9 and projects through the top of the chamber 10 through suitable packin It will be understood that with each expansion of an expansible charge or primary medium, at-the expansion or power chamber end of the play pipe, a column of liquid is forced outwardly toward the discharge end of the play pipe. This liquid column, coming in contact with the piston 9,'will force it upwardly and compress the air in 10 and 11, until thepressure in the play pipe reaches the pressure in the air cham- 'ber 7 whereupon the discharge valves 6 will 'open, permitting the liquid to flow from'the play pipe into the air chamber 7, and thence through discharge pipe 8, until the liquid comes toya state of rest, that is, until the' momentum of theoutwardly moving liquid column is expended. The piston 9 due to the pressure stored above it, ,now forces theliquid back; causing the return, or instroke, the piston following up until it strikes its It will thus be seen that the piston prevents theair'previously compressed in 10 and'11,

froni'expanding further, hence the formation of a vacuum in the play pipe by .the

.further movement of the liquid column after I piston 9 comes to rest.

'--as.inclosed in a water supply chamber 28 -The"s'uction or intake valves 14: are shown towhich pipe 29 delivers. In Fig. 2 two pipes 29 and 30 are shown connected to the chamber 28. The method or means of supplyin'gwater to chamber 28 is entirely immaterial-"to the present invention.

The construction of piston 9, while not necessarily hollow, is in this case' made hollow in order. to make it light for two purposes, one to reduce momentum and the other to make it lighter than the water so that there will be no tendency for'water to leak past. The air in the piston also helps the prevention of transfer of heat, the air being a good non-conductor. The piston is also provided with a dash-pot. The hydraulic. dash-pot illustrated in Fig. 2 is secured by providing its lower extension of such formation that it cuts oif the flow of water between it and the stationary seat 15, just before the shoulder 16 drops onto the seat 15, thereby easing the shock of stopping the piston.

It is obvious that other forms of dash pot could be used, for example, such as shown in Fig. 3. i

In order to prevent the piston from striking the head an air cushion is also provided at the upper end of chamber 10, which is formed by the upper end of the piston passing and closing the holes 12, before reaching the top of chamber 10, thus shutting oil flow of air into the annular chamber 11.

'Itis frequently desirable Y to provide means for varying the capacity of the air chamber, or volume of the air cushion. In

the drawings are illustrated accomplishing thisobject.

In Fig. 2 the auxiliary annular chamber two means for .11 is adapted to be filled with water to any point up to the openings 12. A glass gage 17 on the outside of the apparatus shows the .level of this water, and any suitable means, such asthe valve controlled supply pipe 26 and the valve controlled discharge pipe 27, are provided for raising and lowering it at will, In Fig. 3 means are shown for varying the capacity of thechamber 20, for air or other elastic cushion, comprising the adjustable head 18 between the movable piston 19 and,

the fixed cylinder head 21. This head 18 slidable on piston rod. 22 and its position of adjustment issecured by the set-screws 23.

Piston rod 22 is also provided with a supplemental piston 24: operating in the dash pot 25-.

It will be obvious that this means of utilizing an elastic cushion for securing the return-movement of the liquid column, without permitting said cushion to expand down to below atmospheric pressure, is

equally applicable to compressors, as indibetween thepiston and its seat.

- 2. The combination of a power chamber, a play pipe and an air chamber connected together for the reciprocation of liquid therein, a piston separating the liquid from the air and having limited movement in the air chamber, and a liquid dash pot pocket between the piston and its seat.

3. The combination of a power chamber, a play pipe and an air chamber connected together for the reciprocation of the liquid therein, a piston separatingthe liquid from the air provided with a lower extension of reduced diameter having a close fit with the margin of its surrounding seat, so that the liquidis trapped in the pocket formed between the piston shoulder and its seat, toward the end of its downward movement, to form a hydraulic dash pot.

.4. The combination of a power chamber, a play pipe and an air chamber connected together for the reciprocation of liquid therein, apiston separating'the liquid from the air and having limited movement in the air chamber, and a liquid dash potpocket between the' piston and its seat, said piston so constructed that its weight shall be less than the weight ofan equal bulk of water.

5. The combination of a power chamber,

[a play pipe and an air chamber connected together for the reciprocation of liquid therein, a piston separating the liquid from the air and having limited movement in the .air chamber, and a liquid dash pot pocket 6. The combinatio of a play pipe for the j reciprocation ofliqu d, primary actuating means. connected therewith, a chamber for an expansible medium, a valve controlled mlet m'the play plpe and a piston of limita-tea V ited movement operating between the liquid the expansible medium for'limiting the expansion thereof so that the further movement of the liquid due to momentum, shall create a tendency to vacuum to entrain fresh liquid or fluid, said piston made hollow in order to reduce its momentum, to reduce the tendency of liquid to leak past it and to serve as a non-conductor of heat.

(3. BROWN- Witnesses i LOUIS L. WATERS, FRANK PRESTON.

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