US1152157A - Process of making hardened steel gears. - Google Patents

Process of making hardened steel gears. Download PDF

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Publication number
US1152157A
US1152157A US79840613A US1913798406A US1152157A US 1152157 A US1152157 A US 1152157A US 79840613 A US79840613 A US 79840613A US 1913798406 A US1913798406 A US 1913798406A US 1152157 A US1152157 A US 1152157A
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United States
Prior art keywords
gears
hardened steel
treatment
steel gears
oil
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Expired - Lifetime
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US79840613A
Inventor
Frank H Farmer
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White Co
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White Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by White Co filed Critical White Co
Priority to US79840613A priority Critical patent/US1152157A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1152157A publication Critical patent/US1152157A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like

Definitions

  • the object of this invention is to produce substantially hardened steel gears,that is to say, hardened steel gears which are as nearly perfect in shape as it is possible to make unhardened gears on up-to-date gear cutting and boring machines,and to do this without subjecting the otherwise finished and hardened gears to a final grinding operation.
  • the steel gear blanks are rough machined, This is a well understood shop term, and signifies that the gears are bored and cut in suita ble machines, so that the teeth are thicker,
  • gear blanks After the gear blanks have been thusrough machined, they are subjected to the carbonizing treatment. This treatment and the manner of carrying it v v out and the results upon the steel produced by. it are so well understood that no description of it is necessary in the specification.
  • gears After the gears have'been carbonized they" are subjected to an oil treatment for hardening them, which is also old when considered by itself.
  • the treatment specifically consists in heating the gears to about 860 centigrade, and quenching in oil. 'Duri'ng both the carbonizing treatment, and the oil treatment the gears will be warped and distorted to a considerable degree. in the commonly practised method of making hardened steel gears, the gears are car- Specification of Letters Patent.
  • the next step in my process is to anneal the carbonized and hardened rough machined gears.
  • the treatment step of. annealing is so well understood as to require no description here.
  • the result is. to draw the temper and so softenthe metal that it can be cut and bored in suitable machines.
  • the annealed gears are machine finished. This is a well understood shop term, and signifies that the gear teeth are accurately out to the required size and shape, and the bore is accurately bored to size and shape.
  • the final step is to harden the machine finished gears by heating. them to about 740 to 750 centigrade, and quenching in oil.
  • This final hardening treatment step does not cause any warping or distortion of the accurately shaped machine finished gears. All tendency of the metal to warp or get out of shape seems to have been removed by the previously mentioned steps of carbonizing and oil treating. Micrometer measurements of the finallyhardened gears fail to show any change in the size or shape of any of the parts of the gears as compared with the' same parts after the gears were machine finished, and before they were hardened.
  • the herein described method of producing hardened steel gears which consists first in rough machining the gear'blanks, second, in carbonizing. the rough machined gears, third, in heating the carbonized gears and quenching theminoil, fourth, in annealing v the oil treated gears, fifth, in machine finishing the annealed gears, and finally vin oil hardening the machine finished gears;

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Description

Ti can i FRANK H. FARMER, 0F CLEVELAND,'OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE WHITE COMPANY, OF
CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.
PROCESS OF MAKING HARDENED STEEL GEARS.
No Drawing.
To all who/1i it may concern lie it known that I, FRANK H. FARMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Processes of illaking Hardened Steel Gears, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact descrip tion.
. The object of this invention is to produce substantially hardened steel gears,that is to say, hardened steel gears which are as nearly perfect in shape as it is possible to make unhardened gears on up-to-date gear cutting and boring machines,and to do this without subjecting the otherwise finished and hardened gears to a final grinding operation. I
In carrying out the invention the gears are not subjected to any separate treatment or process step which is new 7261' se. The
invention resides in the subjection of the gears to a succession of old treatments or process steps carried on in a definite new order, as hereinafter described and set forth definitely in the claim. r
In carrying out the invention the steel gear blanks are rough machined, This is a well understood shop term, and signifies that the gears are bored and cut in suita ble machines, so that the teeth are thicker,
, and perhaps less accurately shaped, and the bore is smaller than required to be on finished gears. After the gear blanks have been thusrough machined, they are subjected to the carbonizing treatment. This treatment and the manner of carrying it v v out and the results upon the steel produced by. it are so well understood that no description of it is necessary in the specification. After the gears have'been carbonized they" are subjected to an oil treatment for hardening them, which is also old when considered by itself. The treatment specifically consists in heating the gears to about 860 centigrade, and quenching in oil. 'Duri'ng both the carbonizing treatment, and the oil treatment the gears will be warped and distorted to a considerable degree. in the commonly practised method of making hardened steel gears, the gears are car- Specification of Letters Patent.
In fact,
Patented Aug. 31, 1915.,
Application filed October 31, 1913. Serial No. 798,406.
bonized and oil treated after, and only after the final finishing machine work on them has been completed; and it is'because these two treatment steps do Warp and distort the gears that it has been found necessary to subsequently grind the gears to perfect them and render them suit-able for use. The next step in my process is to anneal the carbonized and hardened rough machined gears.
The treatment step of. annealing is so well understood as to require no description here. The result is. to draw the temper and so softenthe metal that it can be cut and bored in suitable machines. Next the annealed gears are machine finished. This is a well understood shop term, and signifies that the gear teeth are accurately out to the required size and shape, and the bore is accurately bored to size and shape. The final step is to harden the machine finished gears by heating. them to about 740 to 750 centigrade, and quenching in oil. This final hardening treatment step does not cause any warping or distortion of the accurately shaped machine finished gears. All tendency of the metal to warp or get out of shape seems to have been removed by the previously mentioned steps of carbonizing and oil treating. Micrometer measurements of the finallyhardened gears fail to show any change in the size or shape of any of the parts of the gears as compared with the' same parts after the gears were machine finished, and before they were hardened.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:
The herein described method of producing hardened steel gears which consists first in rough machining the gear'blanks, second, in carbonizing. the rough machined gears, third, in heating the carbonized gears and quenching theminoil, fourth, in annealing v the oil treated gears, fifth, in machine finishing the annealed gears, and finally vin oil hardening the machine finished gears;
In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix. my signature in the presence of two witnesses.
FRANK H. FARMER; Witnesses:
THEonoRnR. DAHL, .J. M. Manon.
US79840613A 1913-10-31 1913-10-31 Process of making hardened steel gears. Expired - Lifetime US1152157A (en)

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US79840613A US1152157A (en) 1913-10-31 1913-10-31 Process of making hardened steel gears.

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US79840613A US1152157A (en) 1913-10-31 1913-10-31 Process of making hardened steel gears.

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2491672A (en) * 1943-12-27 1949-12-20 Norman R Leadlay Box parallel
US4415378A (en) * 1982-04-22 1983-11-15 Dana Corporation Case hardening method for steel parts

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2491672A (en) * 1943-12-27 1949-12-20 Norman R Leadlay Box parallel
US4415378A (en) * 1982-04-22 1983-11-15 Dana Corporation Case hardening method for steel parts

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