US11503601B2 - Beam management in wireless communication - Google Patents
Beam management in wireless communication Download PDFInfo
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- US11503601B2 US11503601B2 US17/151,455 US202117151455A US11503601B2 US 11503601 B2 US11503601 B2 US 11503601B2 US 202117151455 A US202117151455 A US 202117151455A US 11503601 B2 US11503601 B2 US 11503601B2
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Definitions
- Examples of the present disclosure relate to beam management in wireless communication. Some examples, though without prejudice to the foregoing, relate to beam management during channel occupancy time.
- a wireless network such as a wireless Radio Access Network (RAN) comprises a plurality of nodes including terminal nodes, such as User Equipment (UE) and access nodes, such as gNodeBs (gNBs).
- UE User Equipment
- gNodeBs gNodeBs
- a gNB may communicate with a UE wirelessly with downlink (DL) transmissions via DL beams.
- DL downlink
- UL uplink
- Listen-Before-Talk is a channel access procedure wherein a transmitter senses (measures energy on) a channel or medium before an intended transmission. If the transmitter determines that the channel is vacant it may start its transmission. If the transmitter determines that the channel is occupied, it defers or cancels the intended transmission.
- Directional LBT may be used as a channel access method, wherein the transmitter senses the channel with a narrower beam than an omnidirectional or sector wide beam.
- BM Beam Management
- a beam pair link established between the transmitter and the receiver comprises a transmit beam and receive beam pair.
- beam management such as improved: beam measurement, reporting and switching as well as reduced use of resources. It may be desirable to provide improved beam management during COT.
- an apparatus comprising at least one processor;
- an apparatus comprising means for:
- non-transitory computer readable medium encoded with instructions that, when performed by at least one processor, causes at least the following to be performed:
- chipset comprising processing circuitry configured to perform the above-mentioned method.
- modules, a device, a UE and/or system comprising means for performing the above-mentioned method.
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs may be configured to have a spatial directivity and/or spatial domain based, at least in part, on a spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of the at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs.
- the spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of the at least one DL beam may correspond to, at least in part, a spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of one or more directional Listen Before Talk (LBT) measurements indicating a vacant channel.
- LBT Listen Before Talk
- the first set of DLRSs may comprise at least one selected from the group of:
- the information for enabling the apparatus to determine the QCL assumption for the COT may comprise at least one selected from the group of:
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- an apparatus comprising:
- an apparatus comprising means for:
- non-transitory computer readable medium encoded with instructions that, when performed by at least one processor, causes at least the following to be performed:
- chipset comprising processing circuitry configured to perform the above-mentioned method.
- modules, a device, an access node and/or system comprising means for performing the above-mentioned method.
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- the spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of the at least one DL beam may correspond to, at least in part, a spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of one or more directional Listen Before Talk (LBT) measurements indicating a vacant channel.
- LBT Listen Before Talk
- the first set of DLRSs may comprise at least one selected from the group of:
- the information for enabling the second apparatus to determine the QCL assumption for the COT may comprise at least one selected from the group of:
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions may be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the subject matter described herein
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the subject matter described herein
- FIG. 3 shows another example of the subject matter described herein
- FIG. 4 shows another example of the subject matter described herein
- FIG. 5A shows another example of the subject matter described herein
- FIG. 5B shows another example of the subject matter described herein
- FIG. 6 shows another example of the subject matter described herein
- FIG. 8A shows another example of the subject matter described herein
- FIG. 8B shows another example of the subject matter described herein
- FIG. 9 shows another example of the subject matter described herein.
- FIG. 10A shows another example of the subject matter described herein
- FIG. 10B shows another example of the subject matter described herein
- FIG. 11 shows another example of the subject matter described herein.
- FIG. 12 shows another example of the subject matter described herein.
- an apparatus for example a UE ( 110 ), comprising:
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an example of a Radio Access Network (RAN) 100 comprising a plurality of network nodes including terminal nodes 110 (also referred to as User Equipment, UE), access nodes (AN) 120 (also referred to as RAN nodes) and a core network (CN) 130 .
- RAN Radio Access Network
- terminal nodes 110 also referred to as User Equipment, UE
- AN access nodes
- CN core network
- the terminal nodes 110 and access nodes 120 communicate with each other.
- the core network 130 communicates with the access nodes 120 via backhaul interfaces 128 (e.g., S1 and/or NG interface).
- One or more core nodes of the core network 130 may, in some but not necessarily all examples, communicate with each other.
- the one or more access nodes 120 may, in some but not necessarily all examples, communicate with each other.
- the RAN 100 may be a cellular network comprising a plurality of cells 122 each served by an access node 120 .
- the interfaces between the terminal nodes 110 and the access nodes 120 are radio interfaces 124 .
- the access nodes 120 comprise cellular radio transceivers.
- the terminal nodes 110 comprise cellular radio transceivers.
- the network 100 is a Next Generation (NG) or New Radio (NR) network.
- NG Next Generation
- NR New Radio
- 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
- the access nodes 120 can be RAN nodes such as NG-RAN nodes.
- NG-RAN nodes may be gNodeBs (gNBs) that provide NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE.
- NG-RAN nodes may be New Generation Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access network (E-UTRAN) NodeBs (ng-eNBs) that provide E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE.
- E-UTRAN Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access network
- ng-eNBs New Generation Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access network
- the gNBs and ng-eNBs may be interconnected with each other by means of Xn interfaces.
- the gNBs and ng-eNBs are also connected by means of NG interfaces to the 5G Core (5GC), more specifically to the AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) by means of the NG-C interface and to the UPF (User Plane Function) by means of the NG-U interface.
- the access nodes 120 may be interconnected with each other by means of Xn interfaces 126 .
- the cellular network 100 could be configured to operate in licensed or unlicensed frequency bands.
- the access nodes 120 can be deployed in a NR standalone operation/scenario.
- the access nodes 120 can be deployed in a NR non-standalone operation/scenario.
- the access nodes can be deployed in a Carrier Aggregation operation/scenario.
- the access nodes 120 can be deployed in a dual connectivity operation/scenario, i.e. Multi Radio Access Technology-Dual Connection (MR-DC), not least for example such as:
- MR-DC Multi Radio Access Technology-Dual Connection
- the access nodes 120 may be interconnected to each other by means of X2 or Xn interfaces, and connected to an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) by means of an S1 interface or to the 5GC by means of a NG interface.
- EPC Evolved Packet Core
- the access nodes 120 are network elements in the network responsible for radio transmission and reception in one or more cells 122 to or from the terminal nodes 110 . Such access nodes may also be referred to as a transmission reception points (TRP's) or base stations.
- TRP's transmission reception points
- the access nodes 120 are the network termination of a radio link.
- An access node can be implemented as a single network equipment, or disaggregated/distributed over two or more RAN nodes, such as a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a remote radio head-end (RRH), using different functional-split architectures and different interfaces.
- the terminal nodes 110 are network elements in the network that terminate the user side of the radio link. They are devices allowing access to network services.
- the terminal nodes 110 may be referred to as User Equipment (UE), mobile terminals or mobile stations.
- UE User Equipment
- the term ‘User Equipment’ may be used to designate mobile equipment comprising a smart card for authentication/encryption etc such as a subscriber identity module (SIM).
- SIM subscriber identity module
- the term ‘User Equipment’ is used to designate mobile equipment comprising circuitry embedded as part of the user equipment for authentication/encryption such as software SIM.
- an access node 120 will be referred to as a network node or a gNB, and a terminal node 110 will be referred to as a UE 110 .
- Each of the network node 120 and UE 110 may comprise one or more antennas, antenna patches and/or antenna panels, each comprising an array of antenna elements serving as receivers and transmitters.
- a controller controls phase shifts and amplitudes of the radio frequency electrical signals applied to the antenna elements to generate a beamformed directional electromagnetic wave transmitted signal having a controlled direction/beam steering direction and a beam pattern (radiation pattern), thereby forming a transmission beam (e.g. a network node transmission beam for use with downlink transmission—referred to herein as a DL beam; and a UE transmission beam for use with uplink transmission—referred to herein as an UL beam).
- the transmission beam relates to a spatially directed transmission with power focussed in an aiming direction or beam steering/pointing angle, such an angle corresponding to a direction of a main lobe of the transmitted radiation pattern.
- the controller may process the phase shifts and amplitudes of radio frequency electrical signals from the antenna elements (such radio frequency electrical signals corresponding to transduced electrical signals from received electromagnetic wave signals) to achieve a preferred beamforming direction for reception, thereby forming a reception beam (e.g. a UE reception beam for use with downlink reception, and a network node reception beam for use with uplink reception).
- the reception beam relates to spatially directed reception wherein reception sensitivity is maximal at an aiming direction or pointing angle.
- Beamforming, to form directional links for radio communication may be used to compensate for high path-losses due to poor radio frequency (RF) propagation, which may affect not least the high frequency transmissions that can be used with 5G NR networks, e.g. transmissions at Frequency Range 2 (FR2) i.e. in the region of 24-52.6 GHz (as compared to Frequency Range 1 (FR1)'s sub 6 Ghz range) as well as frequencies in excess of FR2, i.e. above 52.6 GHz and especially on the 60 GHz unlicensed band(s).
- FR2 Frequency Range 2
- FR1 Frequency Range 1
- Examples of the present disclosure may find application in 3GPP New Radio (NR) operation at frequencies above 52.6 GHz.
- Transmission of signals to the UE 110 from the network node 120 is downlink (DL) transmission via a beam pair.
- a beam pair may be considered to comprise a directional transmission beam from the network node (referred to herein as a DL beam) and a directional reception beam of the UE.
- a directional transmitter-side beam and a corresponding aligned directional receiver side beam jointly provide a beam pair for DL transmission/reception and connectivity (i.e. an optimal radio communication link/channel within the constraints of power, bandwidth and signal quality).
- the transmission and reception beams are not necessarily physically aligned towards each other/in direct line of sight, not least for example in situations where there is a rich-scattering environment.
- the beam pair may be considered to relate to a beamformed directional link from the network node to the UE, such a directional link having a directional transmission beam for network node transmission (network node DL Tx beam), and a corresponding aligned directional reception beam for the DL reception (UE DL Rx beam), such a transmission beam and reception beam for DL transmission thereby defining a beam pair for DL transmission/reception.
- UL transmission of signals from the UE 110 to the network node 120 is via a beam pair comprising a directional transmission beam (from the UE) and directional reception beam (of the network node).
- a directional transmitter-side beam and a corresponding aligned directional receiver side beam jointly provide a beam pair for UL transmission/reception and connectivity.
- a transmitter e.g. a transmitting network node
- the receiver may itself use beam sweeping, e.g. of its directional reception beams, to enable a receiver to determine an optimal reception beam that provides optimal reception by the receiver. In such a manner, the receiver's reception beam may be duly aligned with the determined optimal transmission beam.
- the UE is configured to monitor a downlink reception quality parameter, for example, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), of a downlink reference signal, such as Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) and/or Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS).
- RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
- the downlink reception quality parameter is dependent upon the path loss incurred by the reference signals after propagation over the air.
- the downlink reception quality parameter is further dependent upon downlink reception gain or loss, which may depend not least upon the number of antenna elements of the UE used for downlink reception and the beam steering angle.
- the UE can infer whether or not a candidate downlink beam having a particular beam steering angle is optimal or acceptable for use in DL communication based on the reception quality parameter for the candidate DL beam, i.e. if the RSRP is above a sensitivity limit (the sensitivity limit being defined as the lowest received power level at which the downlink can still be decoded at a given bit error rate).
- Beam management such as relating to the determination and alignment of a transmitter/receiver beam pair, may be performed based on an assumption of DL/UL beam correspondence or beam reciprocity. For example, in time division duplexing (TDD), a channel reciprocity assumption may assume that the UL and DL channels are identical. Since the channel status of the UL and DL are assumed identical, the network node may determine and configure its reception beam for UL transmission from the UE based on the network node's optimal transmission beam for DL transmission to the UE (i.e. the DL reception beam reported by the UE as having the best measured DL reception quality parameter, for example, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)).
- RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
- the phase shift configuration for the network node's antenna array used for its transmission beam for DL transmission can be (re-used for a reception beam for UL reception, thereby simplifying beam management.
- the UE may determine and configure its transmission beam for UL transmission to the network node based on an optimal reception beam for DL transmission from the network node.
- a transmission/reception beam pair for DL i.e. a transmission/reception beam pair for communication in the DL direction
- a suitable, i.e. valid, reception/transmission beam pair for UL i.e. a reception/transmission beam pair for communication in the UL direction
- this is referred to a DL/UL beam correspondence or beam reciprocity.
- a network node's selection of a reception beam for UL transmission from a UE may be based on the UE's reporting of an optimal DL beam and DL reports.
- the network node's UL receive (Rx) beam may be determined based on the network node's DL transmission (Tx) beam that was used for DL transmission and which resulted in the best/optimal DL beam reported in the DL beam report.
- the UE provides up to best N, where N could be up to 4, DL RS's (such DL RS's having a 1:1 association to their respective DL beam hence each DL RS characterizes and defines its associated DL beam).
- LBT LBT
- COT channel access techniques
- signalling e.g. Short Control Signalling, PDCCH, and GC-PDCCH
- LBT is a channel access procedure wherein a transmitter senses (i.e. measures energy on) a channel or medium before an intended transmission. If the transmitter determines that the channel is vacant it may start its transmission. If the transmitter determines that the channel is occupied, it defers or cancels the transmission. The determining may be based on comparing the measured received energy over a certain time period and over certain frequency resources against a defined Energy Detection threshold (ED). The determining may contain single or multiple measurements referred to as Clear Channel Assessments (CCAs).
- CCAs Clear Channel Assessments
- the device performs a single measurement (single CCA) when determining the channel occupancy.
- LBT measurements are performed at least by the transmitter, but the LBT procedure may also incorporate measurements carried out at the receiver, in other words, the receiver may also monitor the channel access occupancy.
- a directional LBT may be used as a channel access method.
- the transmitter senses the medium or channel with a narrower beam than an omnidirectional or sector wide beam.
- the transmitter may also use a number of narrow beams to sense the medium on certain spatial domain or direction. Consequently, the subsequent transmission would be using the same or a narrower beam in the spatial domain or direction declared free by the LBT beam (or beams).
- LBT beam as a receive beam with certain direction and beamwidth at the intended transmitter used to perform measurements to determine whether or not the intended radio resources (in a certain direction and of a certain spatial/angular extent) are free.
- a transmission beam as a beam with a certain direction and beamwidth, hence a beam characterized by a specific spatial filter. It is assumed that the transmission beam needs to be the same as the LBT beam (or one of the LBT beams) or a sub-beam of the LBT beam.
- the LBT beam is Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with the transmission beam at least from the spatial perspective, i.e. Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) type D.
- QCL Quasi-Co-Location
- Other QCL parameters may be also common, but not necessarily.
- Such an operation resembles the beam correspondence where the same spatial filter used to receive a signal as is used for the transmission by the gNB or the UE.
- a device may occupy the channel for a period of time. This is referred to as channel occupancy time (COT).
- COT channel occupancy time
- the COT is constrained by a maximum allowed duration, e.g., 5 ms as in ETSI EN 302 567.
- the COT may contain multiple transmissions.
- a device (a UE and/or a gNB) initiating COT may schedule transmissions for a responding device within the COT.
- a COT may contain multiple downlink and/or uplink transmissions from the gNB and/or UE.
- the device initiating the COT may perform type 1 LBT, and the responding device may perform type 2A/B LBT or no LBT at all.
- Channel access may have constraints on transmission pauses or silent gaps within the COT, which may be caused e.g. by DL/UL switching.
- the UE may be informed about the remaining duration of the COT by the gNB in a channel occupancy duration field in DCI format 2_0-3GPP TS 38.213 v18.3.0:
- the channel occupancy duration field includes maxlog2COdurationListSize, 1 bits, where COdurationListSize is the number of values provided by CO-DurationList-r16.
- the remaining channel occupancy duration for the serving cell is a number of slots, starting from the slot where the UE detects the DCI format 2_0, that the SFI-index field value provides corresponding slot formats a location of a channel occupancy duration field in DCI format 2_0, by CO-DurationsPerCell-r16, that indicates a remaining channel occupancy duration for the serving cell starting from a first symbol of a slot where the UE detects the DCI format 2_0 by providing a value from CO- DurationList-r16.
- the channel occupancy duration field includes maxlog2COdurationListSize, 1 bits, where COdurationListSize is the number of values provided by CO-DurationList-r16.
- the remaining channel occupancy duration for the serving cell is a number of slots, starting from the slot where the UE detects the DCI format 2_0, that the SFI-index field value provides corresponding slot formats . . .
- Short Control Signalling determines a limited number of control and management signals that a device can sent without sensing channel before the transmission (e.g. without needing to perform LBT).
- SMS Short Control Signalling
- NR supports different Group Common Physical Downlink Control Channels (GC-PDCCHs) carrying Downlink Control Information (DCI) that can be intended for more than one UE. From the UE's perspective, these are just DCI formats that are scrambled with certain Radio Network Temporary Identifiers (RNTIs) where the part of the payload is intended for the UE, i.e. only a sub-set of the full DCI information bits are indicated to contain information specifically for a given UE.
- RNTIs Radio Network Temporary Identifiers
- DCI format 2_6 scrambled by PS-RNTI
- DCI format 2_0 contents were also extended in Rel-16 with channel-occupancy-duration, search-space switching bit, and RB-set indicator for NR-Unlicensed operation.
- the QCL of two antenna ports means that the channel conditions for the symbols transmitted from those antenna ports are similar.
- 3GPP TS 38.214 defines the following QCL-types: QCL-TypeA, QCL-TypeB, QCL-TypeC, QCL-TypeD.
- QCL-TypeD where a spatial Rx parameter is employed to define channel conditions and is used to support beamforming.
- QCL defines the relation between two reference signals at the UE receiver.
- the gNB can only guarantee that the properties of two reference signals are similar if the two reference signals are transmitted from the same transmission and reception point (TRP).
- TRP transmission and reception point
- NR considers in general the transmission of any reference signal from any TRP.
- QCL-TypeD Reference Signals can be SSB and/or CSI-RS.
- the UE In beam indication, for the target signal to be received (e.g. DMRS of PDSCH, DMRS of PDCCH, CSI-RS), the UE is provided a Transmission Coordination Indication (TCI) state (container) that comprises an indication of the QCL-TypeD RS.
- TCI Transmission Coordination Indication
- the UE applies the same RX beam to receive target signal, as it used to receive the given QCL-TypeD RS (SSB and/or CSI-RS resource) in the TCI state.
- the UE can be configured with up to 64 or 128 (if UE capability allows) TCI states.
- the TCI State container is as follows [3GPP TS 38.331];
- the UE is provided a spatial source RS. It can be an SSB, CSI-RS or SRS.
- SSB or CSI-RS the UE uses the Rx beam used to receive the given SSB or CSI-RS resource as spatial relation for the Tx beam to transmit target signal (e.g. PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS).
- target signal e.g. PUSCH, PUCCH, SRS.
- SRS the UE uses, as a Tx beam to transmit a target signal, the same Tx beam as is used to transmit the given SRS resource.
- the spatial relation information e.g. for SRS is defined as follows [TS 3GPP 38.331]:
- SRS-SpatialRelationInfo :: SEQUENCE ⁇ servingCellId ServCellIndex OPTIONAL, -- Need S referenceSignal CHOICE ⁇ ssb-Index SSB-Index, csi-RS-Index NZP-CSI-RS- ResourceId, srs SEQUENCE ⁇ resourceId SRS-ResourceId, uplinkBWP BWP-Id ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
- the main procedures and functionalities in beam management are:
- a gNB may request a UE to switch to a new beam pair (e.g. so as to use the new beam pair for the next/second COT).
- the beam switch procedure were performed at the beginning of a first COT (i.e. so that the 3 ms beam switch latency delay was still within the first COT)
- the switching to the new beam pair could be effected during first COT.
- the gNB is not be able to serve the new beam pair during the first COT (e.g., if the new beam was not QCLed with the LBT of the COT, i.e.
- FIG. 2 schematically illustrates an example of a method 200 according to the present disclosure.
- the method is implemented by an apparatus (such as apparatus 10 discussed below and illustrated with respect to FIG. 11 ).
- the method is implemented by a UE 110 .
- FIG. 2 The method steps of FIG. 2 are described below with respect to the system 300 schematically illustrated in FIG. 3 and the various DL beams and associated DLRSs shown therein, as well as the gNB 120 of FIG. 4 and the various DL beams and associated DLRSs shown therein.
- configuration information is received at an apparatus (e.g. a UE 110 ).
- the configuration information is configured (e.g. by a gNB 120 ) so as to enable the apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink Reference Signals (DLRSs) 302 and/or a second set of DLRSs ( 304 ).
- DLRSs e.g. CSI-RSs
- Each of the DLRSs (e.g. CSI-RSs) of the first set of DLRSs 302 are respectively associated with DL beams of a first set of DL beams 303 .
- each of the DLRSs (e.g. SSBs) of the second set of DLRSs 304 are respectively associated with DL beams of a second set of DL beams 305 .
- the DL beams: 303 # 0 - 303 # 4 are associated with/correspond to the beams via which the DLRSs: 302 # 0 - 302 # 4 are to be transmitted from the gNB 120 to the UE 110 .
- Each DLRS can have a 1:1 association to their respective DL beam.
- Each DL RS can characterize and define its associated DL beam.
- a COT can be a COT for the gNB, wherein the gNB had acquired channel access via a Listen-Before-Talk procedure.
- the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of: at least one DL beam 305 #m associated with the at least one DLRS 304 #m of the second set of DLRSs 304 , and/or one or more DL beams 303 # 1 - 303 # 3 associated with the one or more DLRSs 302 # 1 - 302 # 3 of the first set of DLRSs 302 and QCLed with the at least one DLRS ( 304 #m) of the second set of DLRSs 304 .
- FIG. 3 only shows a single one of the DL beams of the second set of DL beams, i.e. DL beam 305 #m of the second set of DL beams.
- FIG. 4 focuses just on the second set of DLRSs 304 and their respectively associated second set of DL beams 305 , and FIG. 4 does not show any of the first set of DLRSs or their respectively associated first set of DL beams.
- the QCL assumption for the COT is determined, based at least in part on the received information and configuration information.
- the QCL assumption can be defined between DLRSs and one or more Uplink Reference Signals (ULRSs), e.g. SRSs.
- ULRSs Uplink Reference Signals
- DLRSs can act as a QCL/spatial source for UL transmission, e.g. SRS.
- the UE can transmit using a TX beam corresponding to the RX beam that it used to receive a given DLRS.
- the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured, e.g. via a gNB, to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs.
- the DLRSs 302 # 1 - 302 # 3 of the first set of DLRSs are configured by the gNB so as to be QCLed with DLRS 304 #m of the second set of DLRSs.
- the one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to have a spatial directivity and/or spatial domain based, at least in part, on a spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of the at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs.
- the DL beams 303 ′ i.e. 303 # 1 - 303 # 3
- associated with the DLRSs 302 ′ i.e.
- 302 # 1 - 302 # 3 ) of the first set of DLRSs 302 are configured, by the gNB, to have a spatial directivity and/or spatial domain based, at least in part, on a spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of the DL beam 305 #m associated with the DLRS 304 #m of the second set of DLRSs 304 .
- the spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of the at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs is based, at least in part, on a spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of a directional Listen Before Talk (LBT) measurement.
- LBT Listen Before Talk
- the spatial directivity and/or spatial domain (e.g. beamwidth) of the at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs corresponds to the spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of the at least one directional beams via which the LBT measurements were taken (referred to as LBT beams), and hence correspond to the spatial directivity and/or spatial domain valid for use during a COT following channel acquisition via the LBT procedure.
- the spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of the DL beam 305 #m associated with the DLRS 304 #m of the second set of DLRSs 304 corresponds, at least in part, on a spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of one or more directional Listen Before Talk (LBT) measurements indicating a vacant channel, referred to herein as an ‘LBT beam’.
- LBT Listen Before Talk
- the DL beam 305 #m corresponds to the LBT beam used in the LBT procedure and hence it also corresponds to the beam that can validly be used during a COT following channel access via the LBT procedure.
- the DLRS 304 #m can thereby characterize and define the LBT beam and the permitted directivity and spatial extend of beams that can be used for subsequent transmissions during COT between the gNB and UE.
- the first set of DLRSs 302 can comprises at least one selected from the group of:
- the second set of DLRSs 305 can comprises a set of Synchronization Signal Blocks (SSBs).
- SSBs Synchronization Signal Blocks
- the information for enabling the apparatus to determine the QCL assumption for the COT can comprises at least one selected from the group of:
- the apparatus can perform DLRS measurements during the COT based at least in part on the QCL assumption for the COT.
- the apparatus can be configured by a gNB, based at least in part on the configuration information, to be able to measure on resources configured for the first set of DLRSs and/or measure on resources configured for the second set of DLRSs.
- the apparatus can select, based at least in part on the QCL assumption for the COT, one or more of the configured measurement resources for the first set of DLRSs for the COT and/or one or more of the configured measurement resources for the second set of DLRSs for the COT.
- Such selected resources may be those deemed to be valid for use during the COT. For example, with respect to FIG.
- each of the respective associated DL beams 303 ′ i.e. DL beams 303 # 1 - 303 # 3
- the DL beams 303 ′ correspond to those that are permitted/valid/suitable for use during the COT of the gNB.
- the DL beams 303 ′′ correspond to those that are not permitted/invalid/unsuitable for use during the COT of the gNB.
- the apparatus may perform DLRS measurements using the selected configured measurement resources for the same.
- measurements are only performed on a subset 302 ′ of the first set 302 of configured DLRSs, namely those determined to be valid/allowed for the COT. Measurements are only performed for valid/allowed DLRSs 302 ′ and no measurements are performed for invalid/disallowed DLRSs 302 ′′.
- a measurement report for the DLRS measurements can be transmitted to the gNB, wherein the measurement report is likewise limited only to the valid DLRSs 302 ′ that have been measured.
- control of which DLRS's are measured and reported can save resources, not least such as power and bandwidth/network radio resources.
- the UE is able to determine which DLRSs (e.g. which DLRSs of the first and/or second set of DLRSs) are to be measured and reported within a COT. This can avoid/reduce the risk of inaccurate or erroneous UE measurements and reporting. It can also avoid/reduce scheduling challenges at the end of COT.
- the determination of which DL beams of the first and/or second set of DL beams that are valid/permitted for a given COT can also be used to control the UE's UL transmissions and UL beams during the COT.
- a ULRS/UL beam can be determined based on a DLRS/DL beam (i.e. a TX beam to be used may correspond to a RX beam that was used to receive a DLRS).
- the apparatus can preclude, during the COT, transmission from the apparatus via one or more UL transmission beams corresponding to the one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs.
- the apparatus e.g., the UE
- the apparatus is configured to determine whether to perform a beam switch during the COT based at least in part on the QCL assumption for the COT.
- the apparatus receives a command for the apparatus to switch to using a new DL beam, wherein the new DL beam is associated with one of the DLRSs of the first and/or second set of DLRSs.
- the apparatus uses the QCL assumption for the COT to determine whether said one of the DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs is QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs.
- the apparatus switches to the new beam during the COT.
- the apparatus may further determine whether or not to switch to the new beam based, at least in part, on a beam switch latency, i.e. a period of time in which it takes the apparatus to switch beams.
- the apparatus may be configured to determine the beam switch latency.
- the apparatus determines whether the new beam is one of the at least one DL beam used for transmission within the COT, based at least in part on:
- the apparatus switches to the new beam within the COT.
- the apparatus switches to the new beam after the COT.
- the apparatus is configured, e.g. by the gNB, with measurement resources for the first set of DLRSs and the apparatus performs DLRS measurements for all of the DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs during the COT (i.e. unlike the above described example wherein measurements are performed only for the DLRS's determined to be valid for the COT.
- the reporting of the measurements is based on the QCL assumption for the COT.
- the apparatus selects, based at least in part on the QCL assumption for the COT, one or more of the DLRS measurements and/or on the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs for transmitting in a measurement report.
- the priority of the reporting order may be adjusted depending on whether the DLRS measurements correspond to those DLRSs deemed valid, e.g. 302 ′.
- the apparatus can also determine a remaining duration of the COT (this can be signalled to the apparatus by the gNB) and the selection of the one or more DLRSs measurements for transmitting in a measurement report can be further based, at least in part, on the remaining duration of the COT.
- FIG. 5A schematically illustrates an example method 500 according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5B is a signalling diagram for signalling, between a gNB 120 and UE 110 , that may be used with the method 500 of FIG. 5A .
- FIG. 7 schematically illustrates various DLRSs, DL beams and resources involved in the method 500 of FIG. 5A .
- the UE 110 receives from the gNB 120 configuration for enabling the UE to perform beam measurements.
- the UE (not shown) may be configured with resources, e.g. CSI-RS resources # 0 -# 4 .
- the gNB gives a QCL assumption for each resource. For example: CSI-RS # 0 ⁇ SSB #d CSI-RS # 1 ⁇ SSB #a CSI-RS # 2 ⁇ SSB #a CSI-RS # 3 ⁇ SSB #a CSI-RS # 4 ⁇ SSB #e
- the gNB transmits configuration information for enabling the UE to perform measurements.
- configuration information can include an indication of beams to be measured, e.g. beam indices such as SSB indices and/or CSI-RS indices, and configured resources for the UE to measure such beams.
- the UE determines a QCL assumption for a COT. In some examples, the UE can also determine QCLs for subsequent COTs.
- the gNB signals an indication of an initiation of a COT for the gNB. This may be signalled via a DCI or via transmission of discovery signal or predefined reference signal.
- the gNB also signals a QCL assumption for the COT.
- the indication and the QCL assumption may also be signalled via the DCI which is included in PDCCH, GC-PDCCH, PDSCH, or short control signal.
- the indication may contain:
- the QCL assumption for a COT may mean that a determined set of QCL chains, associated to a set of SSBs, are used and valid within the COT.
- the UE may be signalled the COT's QCL assumption in the GC-PDCCH.
- DCI transmitted as GC-PDCCH may have a field indicating the COT's QCL assumption, which could be in form of an SSB index or SSB indexes. This can be in the form of TCI states where same or different spatial filters can be used for the reception and transmission at the UE.
- the GC-PDCCH may be transmitted in the beginning of the COT and/or GC-PDCCH content may be updated during the COT.
- the UE may also determine QCL assumption from the higher layer configuration, e.g. there could be scenarios where COTs are having some predefined QCL assumption e.g. when UE detects gNB COT on a given beam pair, it can make higher layer configured QCL assumption that is associated to the given beam pair.
- the determination of QCL assumption may comprise a determination that a certain QCL assumption (a second QCL assumption) is QCLed with the QCL assumption of the COT (a first QCL assumption).
- the second QCL assumption is QCLed with the first QCL assumption if: the first QCL assumption is in the same QCL chain as the second QCL assumption, and the first QCL assumption is before or in the same node in the QCL chain.
- a QCL chain is defined by a chain of TCI states where a first node in the chain comprises an SSB as QCL-TypeD RS (first QCL assumption) and the QCL-TypeD RS of the next TCI state has a first TCI state as the QCL source, and so on.
- An example of a QCL chain with an SSB defining a root node of the chain is depicted in FIG. 6 .
- SSB # 3 corresponds to a “root” beam having the widest beam.
- CSI-RS # 4 corresponds to either a similar beam to that of SSB # 3 's beam or a narrower beam that is within SSB # 3 's beam in a spatial domain.
- CSI-RS # 11 corresponds to a narrower beam that is within CSI-RS # 4 's beam in the spatial domain.
- the chain also represents a hierarchical beam configuration from wider towards narrower beams, wherein a narrow beam (i.e. a next level in the chain) is within the previous beam in the spatial domain.
- the UE determines which configured measurement resources are valid within COT. Such a determination is based, at least in part on the QCL assumption determined in block 502 .
- the indication of the QCL assumption for the COT is SSB index #a.
- CSI-RS resources # 1 -# 3 are valid resources for the COT, and beams associated with such CSI-RSs are valid beams that are available for use for transmissions during the COT.
- such beams are within the beamwidth(s) of the directional LBT beam(s) that were used in one or more directional Listen Before Talk (LBT) measurements indicating a vacant channel.
- the at least one directional LBT beams are indicated by the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs (e.g. an SSB index or a set of SSB indices), in this case the directional LBT beam is indicated by SSB #a.
- the validation can, in effect, relate to a spatial validation (e.g. whether the beams associated with CSI-RSs # 1 -# 3 are within the beam associated with SSB #a) and a temporal validation (i.e. for the particular COT).
- a spatial validation e.g. whether the beams associated with CSI-RSs # 1 -# 3 are within the beam associated with SSB #a
- a temporal validation i.e. for the particular COT.
- the configured resources with QCL assumptions that are not QCLed with the determined QCL assumption (e.g. SSB) of the COT are considered to be (temporarily) invalid within the COT. Validation can be done for both downlink and uplink resources.
- Validation can help to avoid/reduce erroneous measurements and L1-RSRP reporting for DL measurement resources that are not QCLed with the determined QCL assumption of the COT.
- the gNB does not transmit any invalid DL RSs on those resources during the COT.
- SCS allowance can be used, i.e. without LBT, so that DLRSs outside of the COT's QCL assumption are transmitted during the COT via SCS, i.e. so that such DLRSs are transmitted regardless of the COT QCL assumption and can be used for measurement.
- Validation is important also for uplink resources so that UE does not access channel towards directions on which the gNB has not acquired channel access.
- the UE performs measurements on the measurement resources that have been determined to be valid.
- the gNB transmits reference signals.
- the gNB transmits the reference signals on only the valid resources.
- the gNB transmits reference signals.
- SCS allowance can be used, i.e. without LBT, so that DLRSs outside of the COT's QCL assumption are transmitted during the COT via SCS, i.e. so that such DLRSs are transmitted regardless of the COT QCL assumption and can be used for measurement.
- the UE signals a measurement report of the measurements (e.g. RSRP) on the resources that have been determined to be valid.
- RSRP measurement report of the measurements
- the UE 110 transmits to the gNB 120 a measurement report of the measurements on the resources that have been determined to be valid.
- COT 1 , SSB #a may be signalled to indicate the QCL assumption for COT 1 , which thereby indicates that the beams associated with CSI-RS # 1 -# 3 are valid/allowed/suitable for use in transmission during COT 1 , whereas beams associated with CSI-RS # 0 and # 4 are not.
- COT 2 , SSB #d may be indicated as to be supposed to have the QCL assumption for COT 2 , which thereby indicates that the beam associated with CSI-RS # 0 is valid/allowed/suitable for use in transmission during COT 2 , whereas beams associated with CSI-RS # 1 -# 4 are not.
- SSB #e may be indicated as to be supposed to have the QCL assumption for COT 3 , which thereby indicates that the beams associated with CSI-RS # 4 are valid/allowed/suitable for use in transmission during COT 3 , whereas beams associated with CSI-RS # 0 -# 3 are not.
- SSB #a may be indicated as to be supposed to have the QCL assumption for COT 4 , such that the valid and invalid beams are as per those of COT 1 .
- the gNB and the UE would maintain a set of TCI states at the end of the COT transmission, with the understanding that these TCI states are going to be used, in an orderly manner, when COT transmission resumes.
- the UE is configured with one or multiple CORESETs each associated with one or more search space sets.
- the search space sets define when the UE monitors PDCCH candidates in the certain CORESET and current activated TCI state of the CORESET defines the QCL assumption the UE uses for the monitoring.
- Such a TCI state update can be updated at the end of the COT by allowing the typical set of BM alignment procedures.
- the TCI update can happen via higher layer or can be overridden by DCI transmission, also via GC-PDCCH. It is understood that due to limited time for COT transmission, it might not be possible perform higher layer transmission via MAC CE after the latest stage of BM procedures, hence the system would utilise the fastest approach based on DCI which would update only the COT states needed to resume the transmission, not necessarily all the TCI states. All TCI states may be updated if a small number of these are utilised by the gNB and UE.
- FIG. 8A schematically illustrates an example method 800 according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 8B is a signalling diagram for signalling, between a gNB 120 and UE 110 , that may be used with the method 800 of FIG. 8A
- FIG. 9 schematically illustrates various DLRSs, DL beams and resources involved in the method 800 of FIG. 8A .
- the UE receives from the gNB 120 configuration for enabling the UE to perform beam measurements, i.e. as per block 501 of FIG. 5A .
- the gNB transmits configuration information for enabling the UE to perform measurements, i.e. as per signal 601 of FIG. 5B .
- the UE determines a QCL assumption for a COT, i.e. as per block 502 of FIG. 5A .
- the gNB signals an indication of an initiation of a COT and a QCL assumption for the COT, i.e. as per signal 602 of FIG. 5B .
- the UE may perform measurements on the configured measurement resources and signals a measurement report of the same to the gNB.
- the UE may perform the measurements by using all the CSI-RSs configured by the received configuration.
- the UE may perform the measurements by using valid CSI-RSs of the COT.
- the gNB may transmit reference signals, using the configured resources, that are measured by the UE and the UE may send a measurement report for the same.
- the UE may report the (index and the L1-RSRP of the) strongest DL RSs (e.g. the best ones from the configured SSBs and/or CSI-RSs) during the COT. Based on the reports, the gNB may decide to switch the beam (i.e. change TCI state in downlink).
- the gNB may decide to switch the beam (i.e. change TCI state in downlink).
- the UE receives a beam switching command, i.e. to switch from a currently serving beam, e.g. Beam # 2 as shown in the example of FIG. 9 , to a new beam, e.g. a new beam with better channel conditions/higher RSRP, such as Beam # 0 or Beam # 4 .
- a beam switching command i.e. to switch from a currently serving beam, e.g. Beam # 2 as shown in the example of FIG. 9 , to a new beam, e.g. a new beam with better channel conditions/higher RSRP, such as Beam # 0 or Beam # 4 .
- the UE receives a beam switching command.
- the UE determines a beam switching latency and performs beam switching.
- the UE applies the existing beam application latency.
- the determination can be explicit, i.e. the beam switching command (like MAC-CE) indicates to the UE that beam switching takes place within the COT, if the normal/existing application latency allows that.
- the determination can be implicit, i.e. the UE determines whether or not the CSI-RS of the new beam are associated with an SSB that is used as a QCL assumption for the COT.
- the UE determines the application time for the beam switch being at earliest at the end of the current COT (or at the end of the time period the current COT QCL assumption is in effect).
- the UE may use SSB as the configured measurement resources as those remain valid irrespective of QCL assumption of the COT.
- UE may report measurements for SSBs outside COT QCL assumption and gNB may indicate a beam (TCI state) switch for next COT to a beam pair that is not served during the COT.
- NR-U New Radio in unlicensed bands
- NR-U New Radio in unlicensed bands
- FIG. 10A schematically illustrates an example method 1100 according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 10B is a signalling diagram for signalling, between a gNB 120 and UE 110 , that may be used with the method 1100 of FIG. 10 .
- the UE 110 receives from the gNB 120 configuration for enabling the UE to perform beam measurements, i.e. as per block 501 of FIG. 5A .
- the gNB transmits configuration information for enabling the UE to perform measurements, i.e. as per signal 601 of FIG. 5B .
- the UE determines a QCL assumption for a COT, i.e. as per block 502 of FIG. 5A .
- the gNB signals an indication of an initiation of a COT and a QCL assumption for the COT, i.e. as per signal 602 of FIG. 5B .
- the UE performs measurements of the configures measurement resources and signals a measurement report of the same to the gNB.
- the gNB transmits reference signals, using the configured resources, that are measured by the UE.
- the UE determines a L1-RSRP report taking into account QCL assumption for the COT(s) and, possibly, remaining duration of current COT.
- the UE signals the measurement report to the gNB.
- UE When reporting the measurement results, UE prioritizes the beams that are used and valid within the COT.
- the UE reports the L1-RSRP of ⁇ 1, 2, 3 or 4 ⁇ best SSBs or CSI-RSs per report configuration.
- the UE If there is more than a predetermined period of time (e.g. 3 ms) until the end of the current COT, the UE includes in this report one or more of the beams that are valid within the COT.
- a predetermined period of time e.g. 3 ms
- the UE may apply certain weight coefficients to prioritize the beams that are valid within the COT. For example, if the 4 best SSBs are NOT valid within the COT, while the 5th best SSB (not to be reported originally) is valid within the COT and is also only slightly worse than the best 4, then UE may report this 5th beam instead of one of the others. This way, a continuous UE service within the current COT is maintained. In contrast, if all the beams that are valid within the COT are significantly worse than another beam(s), the UE can still report the best SSBs (even not valid within the current COT) and continue transmitting/receiving the data once the new COT is established.
- the weight coefficients/decision making at the UE side may depend on one or more of the following characteristics:
- the gNB informs the UE also with the next COT(s) and its (their) QCL assumption(s) that the UE may take into account in above-described weighting of the SSBs or CSI-RSs to be reported.
- FIGS. 2, 5A, 8A and 10A each represent one possible scenario among others.
- the order of the blocks shown is not absolutely required, so in principle, the various blocks can be performed out of order. Not all the blocks are essential. In certain examples one or more blocks can be performed in a different order or overlapping in time, in series or in parallel. One or more blocks can be omitted or added or changed in some combination of ways.
- FIGS. 2, 5A, 8A and 10A are functional and the functions described may or may not be performed by a single physical entity (such as an apparatus described with reference to FIG. 11 .
- FIGS. 2, 5A, 8A and 10A can represent actions in a method, and/or sections of instructions/code in a computer program (such as described with reference to FIG. 12 ).
- each block and combinations of blocks can be implemented by various means, such as hardware, firmware, and/or software including one or more computer program instructions.
- one or more of the procedures described above can be embodied by computer program instructions.
- the computer program instructions which embody the procedures described above can be stored by a memory storage device and performed by a processor.
- any such computer program instructions can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable apparatus (i.e., hardware) to produce a machine, such that the instructions when performed on the programmable apparatus create means for implementing the functions specified in the blocks.
- These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable medium that can direct a programmable apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the blocks.
- the computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a programmable apparatus to cause a series of operational actions to be performed on the programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which are performed on the programmable apparatus provide actions for implementing the functions specified in the blocks.
- examples of the present disclosure can take the form of a method, an apparatus or a computer program. Accordingly, various, but not necessarily all, examples can be implemented in hardware, software or a combination of hardware and software.
- each block (of the flowchart illustrations and block diagrams), and combinations of blocks, can be implemented by computer program instructions of a computer program.
- These program instructions can be provided to one or more processor(s), processing circuitry or controller(s) such that the instructions which execute on the same create means for causing implementing the functions specified in the block or blocks, i.e. such that the method can be computer implemented.
- the computer program instructions can be executed by the processor(s) to cause a series of operational steps/actions to be performed by the processor(s) to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the processor(s) provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the block or blocks.
- the blocks support: combinations of means for performing the specified functions: combinations of actions for performing the specified functions; and computer program instructions/algorithm for performing the specified functions. It will also be understood that each block, and combinations of blocks, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or actions, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer program instructions.
- modules, means or circuitry that provide the functionality for performing/applying the actions of the method.
- the modules, means or circuitry can be implemented as hardware, or can be implemented as software or firmware to be performed by a computer processor.
- firmware or software examples of the present disclosure can be provided as a computer program product including a computer readable storage structure embodying computer program instructions (i.e. the software or firmware) thereon for performing by the computer processor.
- FIG. 11 schematically illustrates a block diagram of an apparatus 10 for performing the methods, processes, procedures and signalling described in the present disclosure and illustrated in FIGS. 2, 5A, 8A and 10A .
- the component blocks of FIG. 2 are functional and the functions described may or may not be performed by a single physical entity.
- the apparatus comprises a controller 11 , which could be provided within a device such as a UE 110 , or a RAN node 120 .
- the controller 11 can be embodied by a computing device, not least such as those mentioned above.
- the apparatus can be embodied as a chip, chip set or module, i.e. for use in any of the foregoing.
- module refers to a unit or apparatus that excludes certain parts/components that would be added by an end manufacturer or a user.
- controller 11 may be as controller circuitry.
- the controller 11 may be implemented in hardware alone, have certain aspects in software including firmware alone or can be a combination of hardware and software (including firmware).
- the controller 11 may be implemented using instructions that enable hardware functionality, for example, by using executable instructions of a computer program 14 in a general-purpose or special-purpose processor 12 that may be stored on a computer readable storage medium 13 , for example memory, or disk etc. to be executed by such a processor 12 .
- the processor 12 is configured to read from and write to the memory 13 .
- the processor 12 may also comprise an output interface via which data and/or commands are output by the processor 12 and an input interface via which data and/or commands are input to the processor 12 .
- the apparatus may be coupled to or comprise one or more other components 15 (not least for example: a radio transceiver, sensors, input/output user interface elements and/or other modules/devices/components for inputting and outputting data/commands).
- the memory 13 stores a computer program 14 comprising computer program instructions (computer program code) that controls the operation of the apparatus 10 when loaded into the processor 12 .
- the computer program instructions, of the computer program 14 provide the logic and routines that enables the apparatus to perform the methods, processes and procedures described in the present disclosure and illustrated in FIGS. 2, 5A, 8A and 10A .
- the processor 12 by reading the memory 13 is able to load and execute the computer program 14 .
- memory 13 is illustrated as a single component/circuitry it may be implemented as one or more separate components/circuitry some or all of which may be integrated/removable and/or may provide permanent/semi-permanent/dynamic/cached storage.
- processor 12 is illustrated as a single component/circuitry it may be implemented as one or more separate components/circuitry some or all of which may be integrated/removable.
- the processor 12 may be a single core or multi-core processor.
- the apparatus may include one or more components for effecting the methods, processes and procedures described in the present disclosure and illustrated in FIGS. 2, 5A, 8A and 10A . It is contemplated that the functions of these components can be combined in one or more components or performed by other components of equivalent functionality. The description of a function should additionally be considered to also disclose any means suitable for performing that function. Where a structural feature has been described, it can be replaced by means for performing one or more of the functions of the structural feature whether that function or those functions are explicitly or implicitly described.
- the apparatus 10 may be the UE 110 or the gNB 120 .
- the apparatus 10 may work as one of the UE 110 or the gNB 120 of FIGS. 5B, 8B and 10B .
- each of the components described above can be one or more of any device, means or circuitry embodied in hardware, software or a combination of hardware and software that is configured to perform the corresponding functions of the respective components as described above.
- the apparatus can, for example, be a client device, a server device, a mobile cellular telephone, a base station in a mobile cellular telecommunication system, a wireless communications device, a hand-portable electronic device, a location/position tag, a hyper tag etc.
- the apparatus can be embodied by a computing device, not least such as those mentioned above. However, in some examples, the apparatus can be embodied as a chip, chip set or module, i.e. for use in any of the foregoing.
- the apparatus is embodied on a hand held portable electronic device, such as a mobile telephone, wearable computing device or personal digital assistant, that can additionally provide one or more audio/text/video communication functions (for example tele-communication, video-communication, and/or text transmission (Short Message Service (SMS)/Multimedia Message Service (MMS)/emailing) functions), interactive/non-interactive viewing functions (for example web-browsing, navigation, TV/program viewing functions), music recording/playing functions (for example Moving Picture Experts Group-1 Audio Layer 3 (MP3) or other format and/or (frequency modulation/amplitude modulation) radio broadcast recording/playing), downloading/sending of data functions, image capture function (for example using a (for example in-built) digital camera), and gaming functions.
- audio/text/video communication functions for example tele-communication, video-communication, and/or text transmission (Short Message Service (S)/Multimedia Message Service (MMS)/emailing) functions
- interactive/non-interactive viewing functions for example
- the apparatus comprises:
- the apparatus may be provided within a UE 110 .
- the apparatus comprises:
- the apparatus may be provided within a RAN node 120 .
- the second apparatus may be provided within a UE 110 .
- a system for example at least one UE 110 and a RAN node 120 .
- the above described examples find application as enabling components of: tracking systems, automotive systems; telecommunication systems; electronic systems including consumer electronic products; distributed computing systems; media systems for generating or rendering media content including audio, visual and audio visual content and mixed, mediated, virtual and/or augmented reality; personal systems including personal health systems or personal fitness systems; navigation systems; user interfaces also known as human machine interfaces; networks including cellular, non-cellular, and optical networks; ad-hoc networks; the internet; the internet of things (IOT); Vehicle-to-everything (V2X), virtualized networks; and related software and services.
- IOT internet of things
- V2X Vehicle-to-everything
- the apparatus can be provided in an electronic device, for example, a mobile terminal, according to an example of the present disclosure. It should be understood, however, that a mobile terminal is merely illustrative of an electronic device that would benefit from examples of implementations of the present disclosure and, therefore, should not be taken to limit the scope of the present disclosure to the same. While in certain implementation examples the apparatus can be provided in a mobile terminal, other types of electronic devices, such as, but not limited to, hand portable electronic devices, wearable computing devices, portable digital assistants (PDAs), pagers, mobile computers, desktop computers, televisions, gaming devices, laptop computers, cameras, video recorders, GPS devices and other types of electronic systems, can readily employ examples of the present disclosure. Furthermore, devices can readily employ examples of the present disclosure regardless of their intent to provide mobility.
- PDAs portable digital assistants
- FIG. 12 illustrates a computer program 14 .
- the computer program may arrive at the apparatus 10 (e.g., the UE 110 or the gNB 120 ) via any suitable delivery mechanism 20 .
- the delivery mechanism 20 may be, for example, a machine readable medium, a computer-readable medium, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, a memory device, a solid state memory, a record medium such as a Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM) or a Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) or an article of manufacture that comprises or tangibly embodies the computer program 14 .
- the delivery mechanism may be a signal configured to reliably transfer the computer program.
- the apparatus 10 may receive, propagate or transmit the computer program as a computer data signal.
- the apparatus is a UE 110 .
- the apparatus is a RAN node 120 and the second apparatus is a UE 110 .
- references to ‘computer program’, ‘computer-readable storage medium’, ‘computer program product’, ‘tangibly embodied computer program’ etc. or a ‘controller’, ‘computer’, ‘processor’ etc. should be understood to encompass not only computers having different architectures such as single/multi-processor architectures and sequential (Von Neumann)/parallel architectures but also specialized circuits such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), application specific circuits (ASIC), signal processing devices and other devices.
- References to computer program, instructions, code etc. should be understood to encompass software for a programmable processor or firmware such as, for example, the programmable content of a hardware device whether instructions for a processor, or configuration settings for a fixed-function device, gate array or programmable logic device etc.
- circuitry may refer to one or more or all of the following:
- circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and/or firmware.
- circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in a server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
- the term “determine/determining” can include, not least: calculating, computing, processing, deriving, measuring, investigating, identifying, looking up (for example, looking up in a table, a database or another data structure), ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (for example, receiving information), accessing (for example, accessing data in a memory), obtaining and the like. Also, “determine/determining” can include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, and the like.
- references to a parameter can be replaced by references to “data indicative or”, “data defining” or “data representative of” the relevant parameter if not explicitly stated.
- references to “a/an/the” [feature, element, component, means . . . ] are to be interpreted as “at least one” [feature, element, component, means . . . ] unless explicitly stated otherwise. That is any reference to X comprising a/the Y indicates that X can comprise only one Y or can comprise more than one Y unless the context clearly indicates the contrary. If it is intended to use ‘a’ or ‘the’ with an exclusive meaning then it will be made clear in the context. In some circumstances the use of ‘at least one’ or ‘one or more’ can be used to emphasise an inclusive meaning but the absence of these terms should not be taken to infer any exclusive meaning.
- the presence of a feature (or combination of features) in a claim is a reference to that feature (or combination of features) itself and also to features that achieve substantially the same technical effect (equivalent features).
- the equivalent features include, for example, features that are variants and achieve substantially the same result in substantially the same way.
- the equivalent features include, for example, features that perform substantially the same function, in substantially the same way to achieve substantially the same result.
- the apparatus described can alternatively or in addition comprise an apparatus which in some other examples comprises a distributed system of apparatus, for example, a client/server apparatus system.
- each apparatus forming a component and/or part of the system provides (or implements) one or more features which collectively implement an example of the present disclosure.
- an apparatus is re-configured by an entity other than its initial manufacturer to implement an example of the present disclosure by being provided with additional software, for example by a user downloading such software, which when executed causes the apparatus to implement an example of the present disclosure (such implementation being either entirely by the apparatus or as part of a system of apparatus as mentioned hereinabove).
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Abstract
Description
- at least one memory including computer program instructions;
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- receiving configuration information for enabling the apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink Reference Signals (DLRSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams;
- receiving information for enabling the apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and/or
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS; and
- determining, based at least in part on the received information and configuration information, the QCL assumption for the COT.
-
- receiving configuration information for enabling the apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink Reference Signals (DLRSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams;
- receiving information for enabling the apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and/or
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS; and
- determining, based at least in part on the received information and configuration information, the QCL assumption for the COT.
-
- receiving configuration information for enabling an apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink Reference Signals (DLRSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams;
- receiving information for enabling the apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and/or
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS; and
- determining, based at least in part on the received information and configuration information, the QCL assumption for the COT.
-
- receiving configuration information for enabling an apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink Reference Signals (DLRSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams;
- receiving information for enabling the apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and/or
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS; and
- determining, based at least in part on the received information and configuration information, the QCL assumption for the COT.
-
- receiving configuration information for enabling the apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink Reference Signals (DLRSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams;
- receiving information for enabling the apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at east one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and/or
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS; and
- determining, based at least in part on the received information and configuration information, the QCL assumption for the COT.
-
- a set of RSs based on which the apparatus is able to configure a DL receive beam and/or an UL transmit beam of the apparatus,
- a set of spatially QCLed RSs,
- a set of TypeD QCLed RSs,
- a set of Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RSs),
- a set of Synchronization Signal Blocks (SSBs), and
- a set of CSI-RSs wherein one or more of the set of CSI-RSs is TypeD QCLed with at least one SSB.
-
- information indicative of at least one DLRS index of the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs; and/or
- information indicative of an SSB index or SSB indexes.
-
- performing, during the COT and based at least in part on the QCL assumption for the COT. DLRS measurements for the one or more DLRs of the first set of DLRSs and/or the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs.
-
- selecting, based at least in part on the QCL assumption for the COT, one or more measurement resources for the first set of DLRSs for the COT.
-
- performing DLRS measurements using the selected measurement resources; and
- transmitting a measurement report of the DLRS measurements.
-
- precluding, during the COT, transmission from the apparatus via UL transmission beams other than one or more UL transmission beams corresponding to the one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs.
-
- determining whether to perform a beam switch during the COT based at least in part on the QCL assumption for the COT.
-
- receiving a command for the apparatus to switch to using a new beam, wherein the new beam is associated with a DLRS of the first set of DLRSs;
- determining whether the new beam is one of the at least one DL beam used for transmission within the COT, based at least in part on:
- the QCL assumption for the COT,
- the one or more DLRs of the first set of DLRSs, and/or
- the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs;
- switching, responsive at least in part to determining the new beam is one of the at least one DL beam used for transmission within the COT, to the new beam within the COT; and
- switching, responsive at least in part to determining the new beam is not one of the at least one DL beam used for transmission within the COT, to the new beam after the COT.
-
- determining a beam switch latency of the apparatus;
- wherein the switching to the new beam within the COT is further based, at least in part, on the beam switch latency.
-
- configuring, based at least in part on the configuration information, the apparatus with measurement resources for the first set of DLRSs; and
- performing DLRS measurements for the first set of DLRSs using measurement resources.
-
- selecting, based at least in part on the QCL assumption for the COT, one or more DLRS measurements on the one or more DLRS of the first set of DLRSs, and/or on the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, for transmitting in a measurement report.
-
- biasing, based at least in part on the QCL assumption for the COT. DLRS measurements on the one or more DLRS of the first set of DLRSs, and/or on the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, in a selection of DLRS measurements for transmitting in a measurement report.
-
- determining a remaining duration of the COT;
- wherein the selection of the one or more DLRS measurements for transmitting in a measurement report is further based, at least in part, on the remaining duration of the COT.
- at least one processor; and
- at least one memory including computer program instructions;
- the at least one memory and the computer program instructions configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:
- sending configuration information for enabling a second apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink Reference Signals (DLRSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams; and
- sending information for enabling the second apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and/or
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS.
-
- sending configuration information for enabling a second apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink Reference Signals (DLRSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams; and
- sending information for enabling the second apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and/or
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS.
-
- sending configuration information for enabling an apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink Reference Signals (DLRSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams; and
- sending information for enabling the apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and/or
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS.
-
- sending configuration information for enabling an apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink Reference Signals (DLRSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams; and
- sending information for enabling the apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and/or
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS.
-
- sending configuration information for enabling a second apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink Reference Signals (DLRSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams; and
- sending information for enabling the second apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and/or
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS.
-
- configuring one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs to have a spatial directivity and/or spatial domain based, at least in part, on a spatial directivity and/or spatial domain of the at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs.
-
- a set of RSs based on which the second apparatus is able to configure a DL receive beam and/or an UL transmit beam of the second apparatus,
- a set of spatially QCLed RSs,
- a set of TypeD QCLed RSs,
- a set of Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RSs),
- a set of Synchronization Signal Blocks (SSBs), and
- a set of CSI-RSs wherein one or more of the set of CSI-RSs is TypeD QCLed with at least one SSB.
-
- information indicative of at least one DLRS index of the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs; and/or
- information indicative of an SSB index or SSB indexes.
-
- sending a command for the second apparatus to switch to using a new beam, wherein the new beam is associated with a DLRS of the first set of DLRSs.
- BM Beam Management
- CC Component Carriers
- CE Control Element
- CORESET Control Resource Set
- COT Channel Occupancy Time
- CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signal
- DCI Downlink Control Information
- DL Downlink
- DL-RS Downlink Reference Signal
- DM-RS DeModulation Reference Signal
- GC Group Common
- gNB gNodeB
- IoT Internet of Things
- L1-
RSRP Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power - LBT Listen-Before-Talk
- MAC Medium Access Control
- NB-IoT NarrowBand-Internet of Things
- NR New Radio (5G)
- PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
- PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
- PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel
- PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
- QCL Quasi-Co-Location
- QCLed Quasi-Co-Located
- RAN Radio Access Network
- RRC Radio Resource Control
- RS Reference Signal
- SCS Short Control Signalling
- SRS Sounding Reference Signal
- SSB Synchronization Signal Block
- TCI Transmission Coordination Indication
- TRS Tracking Reference Signal
- UE User Equipment
- UL Uplink
- at least one processor (12); and
- at least one memory (13) including computer program instructions (14);
- the at least one memory (13) and the computer program instructions (14) configured to, with the at least one processor (12), cause the apparatus (10) at least to perform:
- receiving (201) configuration information for enabling the apparatus (10) to measure a first set of Downlink Reference Signals (DLRSs) (302) and/or a second set of DLRSs (304), wherein DLRSs (302 #0-302 #4) of the first set of DLRSs (302) are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams (303), wherein one or more DLRSs (302 #1-302 #3) of the first set of DLRSs (302) are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS (304 #m) of the second set of DLRSs (304), and wherein DLRSs (304 #a-304 #z) of the second set of DLRSs (304) are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams (305);
- receiving (202) information for enabling the apparatus (10) to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam (305 #m) associated with the at least one DLRS (304 #m) of the second set of DLRSs (304), and/or
- one or more DL beams (303 #1-303 #3) associated with the one or more DLRSs (302 #1-302 #3) of the first set of DLRSs (302) and QCLed with the at least one DLRS (304 #m) of the second set of DLRS (304); and
- determining (203), based at least in part on the received information and configuration information, the QCL assumption for the COT.
-
- Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access-New Radio Dual Connectivity (EUTRA-NR-DC, also referred to as EN-DC),
- New Radio-Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Dual Connectivity (NR-EUTRA-DC, also referred to as NE-DC),
- Next Generation Radio Access Network Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access-New Radio Dual Connectivity (NG-RAN E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity, also referred to as NGEN-DC), or
- New Radio Dual Connectivity (also referred to as NR-DC).
-
- In
type 1 LBT (as referred to in TS37.213), the device shall measure the channel to be free for a random number of occasions before accessing the channel. The random number is uniformly distributed over a range referred to as a contention window. The contention window may be adjusted based on detected channel access collisions between multiple transmissions (e.g. type 1 LBT in TS37.213 or Cat. 4 LBT in TR36.889) or the contention window may be of fixed size (Cat. 3 LBT in TR36.889).
- In
. . . a location of a channel occupancy duration field in DCI format 2_0, by CO- |
DurationsPerCell-r16, that indicates a remaining channel occupancy duration for the |
serving cell starting from a first symbol of a slot where the UE detects the DCI format 2_0 |
by providing a value from CO-DurationList-r16. The channel occupancy duration field includes |
maxlog2COdurationListSize, 1 bits, where COdurationListSize is the number of values provided |
by CO-DurationList-r16. If CO-DurationsPerCell-r16 is not provided, the remaining channel |
occupancy duration for the serving cell is a number of slots, starting from the slot where the UE |
detects the DCI format 2_0, that the SFI-index field value provides corresponding slot formats a |
location of a channel occupancy duration field in DCI format 2_0, by CO-DurationsPerCell-r16, |
that indicates a remaining channel occupancy duration for the serving cell starting from a first |
symbol of a slot where the UE detects the DCI format 2_0 by providing a value from CO- |
DurationList-r16. The channel occupancy duration field includes maxlog2COdurationListSize, 1 |
bits, where COdurationListSize is the number of values provided by CO-DurationList-r16. If |
CO-DurationsPerCell-r16 is not provided, the remaining channel occupancy duration for the |
serving cell is a number of slots, starting from the slot where the UE detects the DCI format |
2_0, that the SFI-index field value provides corresponding slot formats . . . |
TCI-State ::= | SEQUENCE { |
tci-StateId | TCI-StateId, |
qcl-Type1 | QCL-Info, |
qcl-Type2 | QCL-Info |
OPTIONAL, -- Need R | |
. . . | |
} | |
QCL-Info ::= | SEQUENCE { |
cell | ServCellindex |
OPTIONAL, -- Need R | |
bwp-Id | BWP-Id |
OPTIONAL, -- Cond CSI-RS-Indicated | |
referenceSignal | CHOICE { |
csi-rs | NZP-CSI-RS- |
ResourceId, | |
ssb | SSB-Index |
}, | |
qcl-Type | ENUMERATED {typeA, |
typeB, typeC, typeD}, | |
. . . | |
} | |
SRS-SpatialRelationInfo ::= | SEQUENCE { | ||
servingCellId | ServCellIndex | ||
OPTIONAL, -- Need S | |||
referenceSignal | CHOICE { | ||
ssb-Index | SSB-Index, | ||
csi-RS-Index | NZP-CSI-RS- | ||
ResourceId, | |||
srs | SEQUENCE { | ||
resourceId | SRS-ResourceId, | ||
uplinkBWP | BWP-Id | ||
} | |||
} | |||
} | |||
-
- measurements and reporting of candidate reference signals that can act as a source to determine transmit and receive beam pair in downlink and in uplink
- Typical assumption is that DL RSs are used for both DL and UL beam indication
- Tx/Rx beam correspondence is assumed at the UE
- UE is explicitly configured with SSB and/or CSI-RS resources for L1-RSRP measurements and reporting (CSI-RS framework)
- the UE may be configured with CSI-RS resource setting for up to 16 CSI-RS resource sets having up to 64 resources within each set. The total number of different CSI-RS resources over all resource sets is no more than 128
- UE reports the L1-RSRP of {1, 2, 3 or 4} best SSBs or CSI-RSs per report config
- The reporting comprises a resource index and L1-RSRP value
- Typical assumption is that DL RSs are used for both DL and UL beam indication
- beam indication/beam switching
- In downlink, the UE is provided a TCI state for the target signal, based on which the UE can receive the target signal. The TCI state is provided either:
- with RRC configuration for P-CSI-RS (including TRS)
- with MAC-CE for PDCCH (one active TCI state per CORESET), SP-CSI-RS, AP-CSI-RS, PUSCH (when follows PDCCH)
- with DCI for PDSCH (when explicit indication in use), and AP-CSI-RS (triggering of certain CSI-RS resource set(s)
- In uplink, the UE is provided a spatial relation for the target signal based on which the UE forms the transmit beam. The provisioning of the spatial relation is either:
- RRC based (for P-SRS)
- MAC-CE based (for SP-SRS, AP-SRS, PUCCH, PUSCH (when follows PUCCH with resource ID=0)), or
- DCI based (indirectly for PUSCH (DCI indicates reference SRS(s) so that UE shall transmit PUSCH with the same beam(s) as it transmitted given SRSs)
- Some default beam assumptions have been defined in Rel15/Rel16
- PDSCH:
- If scheduling offset<timeDurationForQCL: TCI state is the one of the lowest Control Resource Set (CORESET) ID in the latest slot monitored by UE
- If scheduling offset>=timeDurationForQCL: TCI state is the one of the CORESET of the scheduling PDCCH if TCI state is not provided in the DCI, or PDSCH reception is based on the TCI state provided in DCI
- AP-CSI-RS:
- If scheduling offset<beamSwitchTiming: the UE either aligns the TCI state with an overlapping other signal TCI state, or applies TCI state of the lowest CORESET ID in the latest slot monitored by UE
- PUCCH/SRS
- If spatial relation is not configured in FR2 determine spatial relation as follows:
- in case when CORESET(s) are configured on the Component Carriers (CC), the TCI state/QCL assumption follows the one of the CORESET with the lowest ID, or
- in case when any CORESETs are not configured on the CC, the activated TCI state with the lowest ID is applicable to PDSCH in the active DL-BJP of the CC
- PUSCH scheduled by DCI format 0_0
- when there are no PUCCH resources configured on the active UL BWP CC in FR2 and in RRC-connected mode:
- The default spatial relation is the TCI state/QCL assumption of the CORE SET with the lowest ID
- In multi-TRP scenario, TCI codepoint may comprise two TCI states and as default beam case the UE assumes the TCI states of the TCI codepoint with the lowest ID (e.g. for PDSCH)
- PDSCH:
- In downlink, the UE is provided a TCI state for the target signal, based on which the UE can receive the target signal. The TCI state is provided either:
- measurements and reporting of candidate reference signals that can act as a source to determine transmit and receive beam pair in downlink and in uplink
-
- a set of RSs based on which the apparatus is able to configure a DL receive beam and/or an UL transmit beam of the apparatus,
- a set of spatially QCLed RSs,
- a set of TypeD QCLed RSs,
- a set of Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RSs),
- a set of Synchronization Signal Blocks (SSBs), and
- a set of CSI-RSs wherein one or more of the set of CSI-RSs is TypeD QCLed with at least one SSB.
-
- information indicative of at least one DLRS index of the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs; and/or
- information indicative of an SSB index or SSB indexes.
-
- the QCL assumption for the COT,
- the one or more DLRs of the first set of DLRSs, and/or
- the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs.
CSI-
CSI-
CSI-
CSI-
CSI-
-
- a predefined number of SSB indexes (representing QCL assumptions). Such one or more SSB indexes may indicate one or more SSBs whose directivity and spatial domain effectively correspond to directivity and spatial domain of a directional LBT beam used by the gNB in an LBT procedure such that the one or more SSBs effectively define the LBT beam),
- a bitmap over a configured subset of SSB indexes associated with the received DCI (e.g. associated with a CORESET on which the DCI is detected),
- an indication of an SSB group, wherein the UE is configured with a number of SSB groups that are associated with a CORESET for the DCI. The SSB groups may be partially overlapping or nested. The DCI may contain an indication of the SSB group that can be used as QCL assumption for the COT,
- the first SSB index and the last SSB index in case of consecutive SSB indexes. This helps to reduce the number of bits to indicate the QCL assumption in the case where an LBT beamwidth does not coincide with an SSB group.
CSI-
CSI-
CSI-
CSI-
CSI-
- 1. The UE receives configuration of TCI states and spatial relation information for downlink signals and channels prior to the COT of interest.
- 2. The UE receives activation of the TCI state(s) for different DL signals and channels and activation of the spatial relation information for different UL signal and channel resources for the COT of interest.
- a. This also includes activation of a TCI state for the CORESET(s) for PDCCH monitoring, e.g. for GC-PDCCH monitoring.
- 3. The UE receives configuration for SSB indices and/or CSI-RS resources for L1-RSRP measurements and reporting prior to the COT of interest.
- 4. The UE receives configuration to monitor GC-PDCCH at least for the start of the COT (COT detection based on GC-PDCCH).
- 5. The UE detects the start of the COT.
- a. The UE receives, from the DCI transmitted on GC-PDCCH, the QCL assumption for the COT.
- i. The QCL assumption could be e.g. an SSB index.
- a. The UE receives, from the DCI transmitted on GC-PDCCH, the QCL assumption for the COT.
- 6. The UE may report N best SSB and/or CSI-RS resources with their L1-RSRP values (N=1, 2, 3 or 4).
- 7. The UE receives activation of the new TCI state for downlink channel, e.g. for a CORESET, and/or activation of new spatial relation RS for uplink channel(s), e.g. for set of PUCCH resources.
- 8. The UE determines whether or not the QCL-TypeD RS of the new TCI state or spatial source RS of the new spatial relation info is QCLed with the COT QCL assumption.
- a. In case yes, the UE applies the existing beam switch timing and applies the new TCI state or spatial relation info if time allows within the current COT.
- b. In case no, the uses the old TCI state or spatial relation until the end of the current COT and applies the new ones only when the new COT is established
-
- (i) the remaining time of the current COT,
- (ii) the number of SSBs that UE reports,
- (iii) higher layer requirements for the latency/continuity of the ongoing traffic, and
- (iv) the difference between the L1-RSRP of the best SSB(s) not valid within the COT and the best SSB(s) valid within the COT.
- at least one
processor 12; and - at least one
memory 13 including computer program code - the at least one
memory 13 and the computer program code configured to, with the at least oneprocessor 12, cause the apparatus at least to perform:- receiving configuration information for enabling an apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink (DL) Reference Signals (RSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams;
- receiving information for enabling the apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at feast one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS; and
- determining, based at least in part on the received information and configuration information, the QCL assumption for the COT.
- at least one
processor 12; and - at least one
memory 13 including computer program code - the at least one
memory 13 and the computer program code configured to, with the at least oneprocessor 12, cause the apparatus at least to perform:- sending configuration information for enabling a second apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink (DL) Reference Signals (RSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams; and
- sending information for enabling the apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS.
-
- receiving configuration information for enabling the apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink (DL) Reference Signals (RSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams;
- receiving information for enabling the apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS; and
- determining, based at least in part on the received information and configuration information, the QCL assumption for the COT.
-
- sending configuration information for enabling a second apparatus to measure a first set of Downlink (DL) Reference Signals (RSs) and/or a second set of DLRSs, wherein DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a first set of DL beams, wherein one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs are configured to be Quasi-Co-Located (QCLed) with at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and wherein DLRSs of the second set of DLRSs are respectively associated with a second set of DL beams; and
- sending information for enabling the second apparatus to determine a Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) assumption for a Channel Occupancy Time (COT), wherein the QCL assumption for the COT is indicative of the availability, for use for transmissions within the COT, of:
- at least one DL beam associated with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRSs, and
- one or more DL beams associated with the one or more DLRSs of the first set of DLRSs and QCLed with the at least one DLRS of the second set of DLRS.
-
- (a) hardware-only circuitry implementations (such as implementations in only analog and/or digital circuitry) and
- (b) combinations of hardware circuits and software, such as (as applicable):
- (i) a combination of analog and/or digital hardware circuit(s) with software/firmware and
- (ii) any portions of hardware processor(s) with software (including digital signal processor(s)), software, and memory(ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a mobile phone or server, to perform various functions and
- (c) hardware circuit(s) and/or processor(s), such as a microprocessor(s) or a portion of a microprocessor(s), that requires software (for example firmware) for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation.
Claims (20)
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CN202180090999.1A CN116686232A (en) | 2021-01-18 | 2021-12-23 | Beam management in wireless communications |
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US20230246684A1 (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2023-08-03 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for beam management after channel setup |
US20220232628A1 (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-07-21 | Asustek Computer Inc. | Method and apparatus for channel access in a wireless communication system |
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CN116686232A (en) | 2023-09-01 |
EP4278465A1 (en) | 2023-11-22 |
US20220232546A1 (en) | 2022-07-21 |
WO2022152541A1 (en) | 2022-07-21 |
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