US1149799A

US1149799A - Underreamer.

Info

Publication number: US1149799A
Application number: US2376915A
Authority: US
Inventors: Warren Wagner
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1915-04-24
Filing date: 1915-04-24
Publication date: 1915-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 1932-08-10

Description

W. WAGNER.

UNDERREAMER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 23. 1.913. RENEWED APR. 24. I915.

1 1493999 Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

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W. WAGNER.

UNDERREAMER.

APPLICATION FILED APR 2 1913 E WED APR 24.

Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

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, To all whom it may concern:

WARREN WAGNER, OE BURKBlIBNETT, TEXAS.

I INDE REAMEB.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

Application filed April 23, 1913, Serialflo. 763,164. Renewed April 24, '1915. Serial No. 23,769.

Be it known that I, WARREN WAGNER, citizen of the United States, residing at Burkburnett, inthe county of Wichita and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Underreamers, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings. I

This invention relates to improvements in underreamers such as are employed for reaming wells beneath the lower end of a tube or casing, the invention having for its primary object to increase the durability, efliciency and general serviceability of the underreamer disclosed in my Patent Number, 1,080,666, issued December 9, 1918.

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of improved means for seating the bits or cutterswhen in their operative' positions against the bottom of the mandrel, whereby separation or spreading of the bits is rendered impossible and a very rigid and durable structure obtained.

The invention further resides in the improved form and construction of the cutting bits, and means for connecting the same to the spring pressed plunger or stem mounted within the mandrel or body of the tool.

iVith the above and other objects in view as will become apparent as the description proceeds, the invention consists in certain constructions, combinations and arrangements of the parts that I shall hereinafter fully describe and claim.

For a full understanding of the invention, reference is to be had to the following desoription and accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of an underi'earner embodying the present invention; Fig. 2 is a view looking at right angles to Fig. 1 showing the positions of the cutting bits as the same are being lowered into the well casing. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section; Fig. 4 is a section taken on the line 44 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the body of the mandrel; Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view ,of one of the cutting bits against the lower end of the mandrel.

slot 9 connects these channels with the bore of the mandrel. The lower end of this slot 1s widened or flared as indicated at 10 and the opposed walls of the channels are provided with longitudinal grooves 11. The inner wallsv of these grooves are inwardly inchned as shown at 12, whereby the grooves are widened at their lower open ends. Incllned notches or recesses 13 open into the guide grooves 11 at the upper ends of the inclined walls 12 thereof. The lower end of the stock or mandrel is provided with a central longitudinally extended web 14, the lower end of which is beveled in opposite directions as indicated at 15. Upon each side of this web, and at opposite sides of the channels 8, the lower end of the mandrel is formed with the lugs 16, the inner faces of which are obliquely inclined or beveledas at 17. From the upper ends of these inclined faces, the lower surface of the mandrel 1s curved or convex to the point of its juncture with the web 14 as shown. at 18. The purpose of this particular construction of the mandrel will be more fully referred to m the following description.

The cutting bits illustrated in detail in i Fig. 6 each consists of the bit blade or body 19 which has formed upon one of its ends a longitudinally extended rectangular shank 20. The outer face of the bit body is convex and is slightly inclined outwardly with relation to the longitudinal axis of the shank. The lower end faces of the 'bit blades are transversely inclined and are slightly concaved as 'shown at 21; while the inner faces of said blades are inclined as shown at 22, said inclined faces diverging from the web 14 on the lower end of the mandrel when the bits are mounted therein. Said inclined faces of the bits terminate at one of their ends at a point adjacent the upper end of the bit body, from which point, the inner faces of the bits are longitudinally extended as at 23 for'engagement with the web 14. The upper end of the body of each bit upon opposite sides of the shank 20 is provided with an abutm nt lug 24 having a beveled or inclined face 25 for engagementwith the beveled face 17 on one of the lugs 16 formed upon the mandrel. Each lug 24 is also provided with a curved 'or concave face 26 to engage the convex faces 18 of the mandrel 5, It will thus be apparent that when the bits are in their cutting positions, as shown in Fig. 1, the lugs 16 against which the abutment lugs 24 on the cutting bits engage will effectually prevent relative lateralspreading movement of the cutting bits.

Upon the opposite faces of each of the bit shanks 20, the longitudinally extending ribs 27 are formed and these ribs are adapted to be received in the grooves 11 provided in the opposed walls of the channels 8. Upon the end of the shank 20 and projecting from its opposite faces, 'the semi-cylindrical lugs 28 are formed which are also adapted for movement in the grooves 11. Theselugs are .adapted to be passed through the notches or recesses 13 when the bits are fitted in the mandrel and when in position, the plane faces of the lugs are opposed to said recesses. As the upper and lower walls of these recesses are beveled or inclined, all liability of-the lugs 28 movin outwardly through said recesses when the its are extended, for

the insertion of the tool in the well tube,

is obviated.

29 indicates the spring pressed stem or plunger whichis arranged in the bore 6 of the mandrel or stock, and 30 designates the spring arranged thereon. One end of this spring engages the head 31 on theupper end of the stem while the other end of said spring bears against the lower end wall of the enlarged portion ofthe bore 6. This stem is provided in its" lower end with an opening 32 and each of the bit shanks 20 is also provided in its upper end with a rectangular opening 33, the opening in one shank, however, being. somewhat larger than the opening in the other shank. A

34 designates the pin or key which tapers inwidth longitudinally. This key is centrally provided upon one of its longitudinal edges with alug or extension 35 which is adapted to "be received in the opening 32 provided in the spring pressed stem or plunger'. The lug 35 on the key effectually pre- 1 vents longitudinal movement of said key in either direction through the openings 33 in the cutting bits, thus eliminating all liability of disconnection of said-bits from the plunger 29'. It is of course understood that the larger opening 33 is equivalentin depth to the-width of the central portion of the key whereon the lug.35 is formed so that saidkey may .bereadily insertedthrough said latter opening and the lug 3.5 engaged in the opening 32 of the plunger. The bit having the larger key receivingopening'33 is provided with a pm 39 extending transversely other.

-is permitted by the provision of the inclined of said opening, said pin acting as a wedge for the key 34 to prevent the same from working loose. a

The web 14 formed on the lower end of the mandrel or stock is provided with a central longitudinally extending opening 36 in which a rod 37 is loosely disposed. The upbits moving inwardly beneath the lower edge of the web 14 into engagement with each This inward movement 'of the bits inner walls 12 ;of the grooves 11, the inner faces of the bit shanks 20 being inclined as indicated at 20'. It will be understood that the ribs 27 of the cuttingbits fit loosely in the'slo'ts 11 '0f the 'mandrel, and in'view of the tapering form of the key 34, one of the bits'will shift slightlylongitudinally upon the end of the key, while the other rocks upon the pin 39 as the bits are forced inwardly toward each other. After disposing the bits in this manner they are inserted into the well tubing and forced downwardly therein, the upward pull upon said bits ex- .erted by the spring 30 tending to move the channels 8,-the' body portions of the cutting bits outwardly into frictional engagemeht with the well casing; Each of the bit shanks is further provided upon its outer face with a shoulder 20, and these shoulders are adapted for engagement with the lower edge of the well tube when the bits are disposed beneath the same in their operative positions as shown'in Fig. 3, the spring 30 acting to force the stem 29 upwardly in the mandrel and thereby throw the body portions of'the ,bits outwardly upon opposite sides of the web 14 and into engagement with the walls of the well. When the reanier is rotated, in

the ordinary manner, the walls will be reamed or cut away beneath the lower end of the casing or tube.

In Fig. 8 of the drawings, I have shown a slightly modified form of the cuttin bits wherein the same are provided with longi tudinal inner faces 21' at the upper ends of which the inclined shoulders .22 are formed. Beyond these shoulders, the bits are provided with plane faces extending the entire width of the body portions of the bits for engagement with the web 14. It will be understood that the inclined shoulders 22' en-.

'gage the beveled surfaces-15 on the lower edge of said web. In this form-of the bit,

In Fig. 9, I have illustrated a slightly modified manner of seating the cutting bits against the bottom face of the mandrel when the same are in their operative positions. In

this construction the mandrel is provided upon opposite sides of its central depending web and on each side of the bit receiving channels with oppositely inclined faces 41 to receive the correspondingly inclined upper faces 42 which are provided upon the body portions of the cutting bits. It will thus be seen that a bearing face of comparatively extensive area is provided for the, cutting bits so that the same are greatly strengthened and braced during their cutting action.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that I have greatly improved the construction of the underreamer as shown in my prior application for patent hereinbefore referred to, and materially increased its operating efliciency and durability, the bits being seated against the lower end of the mandrel in such manner as to cause the same when subjected to longitudinal pressure to bear against the convex faces 18 of the mandrel which tends to force the bits upwardly and outwardly, thereby relieving the inner faces of the bits which engage the Web 14, of undue friction, and maintaining a smooth bearing surface for the bits. When the reaming operation is completed, the reamer may be readily withdrawn by simply pulling upwardly upon the same. The shoulders 20" of the cutting bits engaging the lower end of the well tubing holds the bits while the mandrel moves upwardly within the lower end of the tube. When the lower edge of the depending flange or web 14 reaches the point of juncture of the shanks with the body portions of the cutting bits, the beveled or inclined faces 20' of said shanks move inwardly against the opposite sides of said web thus permitting the cutting bits to be drawn upwardly within the lower end of the well tube.

The device as a whole is comparatively simple in construction and the various parts thereof may be easily and quickly assembled or disassembled when it is necessary to sharpen the cutting bits.

It will be seen that I have made no material additions to the construction of my invention as shown in the prior application and it will therefore be appreciated that the improved device may be manufactured with practically no increase-in cost.

While I have shown and described the preferred form and construction of the several elements employed, it will be obvious that the same are susceptible of considerable modification in the form, proportion and arrangement thereof without de arting from the essential features or sacr' cing any of the advantages of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is: y

In an underreamer, a mandrel, opposed cutting bits longitudinally movable in the mandrel, and fastened 'to said mandrel by bayonet slots therein and lugs on said bits, each of said bits having a portion projecting beyond the periphery of the mandrel, a spring pressed stem mounted in the mandrel and provided with a rectangular opening, each of said bits also having a rectangular opening, a key insertible through the openings in the cutting bits and said stem, and means removably mounted in the projection on one bit .to positively lock the key against longitudinal movement through said openings, said means being removable from the bit while the same is in its normal position in the mandrel.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the resence of two witnesses.

- WABREN -WAGNER.

Witnesses:-

M. C. LYDDANE, E. L. WHITE.