US1149143A - Computing-machine. - Google Patents

Description

CIA. JACOBSON. COMPUTING MACHINE.

. I APPL ICATION FILED. FEB. 10, 1 915. I 1,149,143. Patented Aug. 3,1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l- C. A. JACOBSON. COMPUTING MACHINE 7 APPLICATION F|LED FEB; 10, I915.

Patented Aug. 3, 1915.

3 SHEEIS-SHEEI 2.

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C(A'LJACOBSGBL COMPUTING MACHINE APPLICATION FILED FEB. 10, 1915.

1-;149,14-3-,; Patented Aug. 3, 1915.

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. UNITED TAW T OFFICE o. ALFRED mooisson, or RENO, NE ADA.

I comru'rms mnorrmn.

Specificatio1i of Letters Patent.

ramm d Au 3, 1915.

Ap zoli cation filedlgebruary 10, 1915. Serial No.- 7,323.

To all whomit may concern: I

Be it known that I, C. ALFRED J ACOBSON,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Reno, in. the countyof Nashoe and State of Nevada, have invented new and useful Improvements in Computing Machines, of which the following 18 a specification.

M invention relates to a'computing machine or mechanical. calculator, and its obeflicient construction of calculatingmachine ject is to provide, a-simple, inexpensive and which may be employed for general calculating purposes in. a ready andconvenient "manner.

- The invention consists of the featuresof COIlStllllCtlOIl,. combination and arrangement of parts'herein fully described and claimed,

reference being hadto the accompanying drawings in which "e'rtical transverse section. i Fig. sis a plan 25 section of the side plates,- drums and allied parts on an enlarged scale. Fig. 5 is a de- .tail section on theline 55 of Fig. 4-. Fig.

6 is a detail section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a section through the casing showingthe sliding cover and guides there'- for. Fig. 8 is a section through the sliding graduation sheets upon the upper and lower drums, portions being brolren away.

In carrying my invention into practice,

I provide a casing 1, supported in a down- 'wardly and forwardly .lncllned position upon standards or uprights 2. This casing comprises side plates 3 mounted on the standards, a fixedwall 4, a'bottonrboard 5,

and a rolling top or cover (3, the plates and standards being connected and tied together in any strong and durable manner. The wall 41 extends from the rear edge of the bottom board 5 to theupper front portion of the casing, and is preferably formed of a continuous series of steel strips 7-r1veted or otherwise suitably fastened together and suitably fixed to the side plates 3. The bottom board 5 may be of either metal or wood,

and is disposed above laterally sliding shelf or lid 8, which may be drawn outward for use at one side of the machine to "serve as a support fer a book in malr ngnotations, etc, The or cover 6' 1S likewise Figs. 9 and 10 are plan views of themetal of which the hub is formed from engagement with the associated carrier shaft,

' oblique angle to the horizontal and has its top corre spondingly sloped for greater convenlence in operating the working parts and consulting the computing or calculating devices, hereinafte'r described.

The computing orcalculating devices consist of .upper and lower drums l3 and 14, each comprising a cylindrical body secured to central end disks 16 and 17 and a central and tubular hub 18 extending through the centers of said disks. The perlpheral surfaces of the cylindrical bodies 15 of the drum bear suitable tables or calcu- 'lating matter, and the hubs 18 of'the drums are fitted to slide and rotate upon transverse shafts 19 and 20, revolubly mounted in suitable bearings 21 in the'side plates 3.

To one end of each drum is secured a hand wheel 22, whereby it' may be revolved and slid along its carrier shaft, and to the ends of each of the carrier shafts 19 and 20 are attached hand wheels 23, whereby shafts may be rotated. Stop collars 24 are provided on each shaft for limiting the sliding motion of thedrum in either direction, and for the purpose of fixing each. drum against rotation on its carrier shaft a locking mechanism is provided which is constructed as follows. One end of the tubular hub 18 of each drum is longitudinally slit to form a pair 'of diametrically disposed friction brake shoes 25, normally held by the resiliency of the spring thereby allowing the drum tobe freely rotated or slid longitudinally on said shaft.

Arranged for engagement with each of these brake shoes is a dog 26, pivotally mounted,

as at 27, upon the adjacent end head 17 and having a curved or cam surface E28'at one end for engagement with the brake shoe. The other end of the dog is formed to proride a toothed segment 29meshing with a.

pinion 30 on a shaft 31 journaled upon the 'said head 17 and provided with a knurled knob or hand wheel 32, whereby it may be turned to oscillate the' dog upon its pivotal axis. It will thusbe evident that by turning the dog in 'onedirect-ion the curved or cam surface thereof will' be"movedinto engagement with the brake shoe, thereby forc-' 'ing said brake shoe into frictional engage-- nient with the carrier shaft, while on a reverse movement of the dogthe curved or cam face of saidv dog'willbe movedawa'y from the brake shoe, allowing the latter to spring out of engagement with the carrier shaft. Hence each-drum maybe locked to its carrier 'shaft'both against rotation and,

longitudinal sliding movement;

rotate the aforesaid gears and's haftsf By means of either hand wheel'23 and the gears v 33 the shafts 19 and. 20 maybe, rapidly turned, to bringthem to an. approximate position of adjustment, andthen by rotat- '.ing said gears throughthe-f nedium of the pinion 35 the shafts may bebrought-to the accurate degree of f adjustment desired. Hence it will beunderstood' that by directly turning the shafts through the mediuml of portions thereof rapidly into position for the drums may be relatively rotated to the required degree-to accurately bring determined portions thereof into position for co-' operation in making computations or calculations.

Disposed at a point equidistantly between the "carrier' shafts and. the centers of the. drums is a transversely extending channeled guide bar'37. suitably fixed to theside plates 3 and provided with fixed bearing members '88 in which are.,,journaled axially alined rightandi'left hand and right and left threaded adjusting shafts 39 an'dAeO, which I shafts are provided at'their outer er'idsviith hand wheels lland j l2,whereby they :may

be independently orsimultaneously turned.

Pointers l3 and -14; are-carried by 'the-re- --spective- shafts 3,9 and 40, each pointer-being secured by afastening orclaniping member -45 to aQmit or traveling'blockAG having a, threaded bore receivingand engaging the 1 threaded surface o'f-thecoactingshaft and provided with suitable .guidefianges for opposite s ides of the center of -CO21Ct1OIhW1tl1 the respective pointers 1-3- or simultaneously adjusted may be moved inwardly or outwardly with relation to each other. "The pointers consist of longitudinally 'bowed strips ofnietal, celluloid or other suitable material, having indicating end portions adapted to project over the surfaces of thedrums to point to registering rotating the screw shafts, each pointer may be inoved along the/guide bar by Ins-ans of its finger piece 45, whereby the can nut is slid longitudinally, the shaftrevolving in its co 786 of travel- It viden't, from the'foregoing descrip- .tlon, that the drums may not only be longitudinally'moved on their-shafts for adjustositions on ie casing for merit to twol wort:

445, but may also be rotated to bring d .ent portions of their surfaces into rea mg position. "It will also be seen'that the pointers are relative adjustable along the surfaces of the dru-as when in such different working positions, and thateach drum may "be locked to its shaft against sliding motion or released so that the shaft may be turned independently ti'iereof, ur so that one drum 'may be turned independently: of the other. one" of the hand wheels 23','the drums ma-y' be rapidly revolved I to bring widely separated,

lVhen the sliding cover of the easing is "jtui'nedb'ack, the drums may be'arrangcd in v posit1on'to .-be conveniently read, and when use, andthat'then byturning the pinion 85 the cover'is closed the working members will injury.

file calculating tabulat ons or indicia may .be concealed and protected from dust and be directly applied to the peripheral faces of the drums, or maybe printed or otherwise. inscribed upon sheets l? and 48 respectively secured to the peripheries of the drums 13 'aIiangle' so that when the sheet is folded around' th'e drum the spaces will form a .spiral' "'j10,00 0 centimeters long. Numbers ,flOD'l' 1,000 to 10,000 are laid off on this spiral atlogaiithmio distances, beginning at" the'left- 'Each space is then divided into 10 parts and each of smaller division ruled into 10 equal parts. (Not shown). Rulings'are also made on this sheet'atdistances proportional to cosines of angles from the 1 11,000 endor proportional to the sines of angles from the 10,000 end of the spiral. Lo'gisin'e orlog. cosine is read'dire'ctly .on the sheet. In afsimilar way this sheet'is t0 beruled for secants and cosecants of angles.

.The sheet"48'upon the lower" drum 1t is .indicia thereon for indicating or calculating action In addition to their acti usrnient by meshes similarly ruled, except that the spiral runs in the opposite d'ir'ection and the graduations, instead of being from left to right, are

from rigl'it to left. Green lines are ruled on 'of the lower drum. pointer will then indicate the product.

this spiral proportional to the tangents of angles beginning at the 1,000 end or the cotangents beginning at the 10,000 end. This sheet is also intended for verstsines, chords or hyperbolic functions.

As an example of carrying out a calculation by meansof my improved machine, say

to multiply 1049 by 86, set the pointer at 10329 on the upper drum, turn the lower drum so that its pointer shows 86, and clamp the two. drums to the shafts: The shafts are then rotated by the gear Wheels until the second pointer coincided with the 1,000 end The upper end of this To raise a number to a given power multiply its log. (rate on the. opposite drum) by the number of the. power. To extract roots divide log by power of tlieroot. The machine is accurate tosix places with a fair approximation in the 7th. On the sheet M, the Sines of angles may be given in green ink and the cosinesin red ink, While on the sheet 48 the tangents of a-ngles inay be given in green ink and the cotangents in red ink.

means for slidahly adjusting each drum and locking it to its support, indicators for-cooperation with the drums, and means for rotatingthe drumsthrough their supports.

i. A calculating device including a pair of drums, supports for the drums on which they are slidably and rotatably mounted,

means for slidahly adjusting the drums upon the supports, and ineansfor rotating the drums through the supports, and ad ustable indicators for cooperation with said drums, v

A calculating (lQYlCe ncluding rotary supports, a pair of drums rotatable and siidahle on said supports. means for independentlv rotating and sliding each drum on its support,'ineans for simultaneously rotill lifg the'druin through said supports, and

lllliiCfiiOi'S adjustable for cooperation with said drums.

said supp rotating the shafts in nnisomand a p s, U ari between the supp 7 whereby hon; drums may he'siinnitansoi mile of said supp ith-- the acts iotati'veniotion may aiso to the supports and'drun' z 'ing device including an slidahly and rotatahiy mountshafnniea-ns. for sliding an m druin, means for on shaft, and means for rotating the shat-its inunison. v

8. A. calculating device including a pair of parallel rot j shafts, drums slidahly and rotatably mounted. on said shafts, means for sliding and rotating each drum, me for fixing each drum against rotation, in,

. cooperation with 111 a path aimuns.

caiceiss device lilfii'iifil n of parall l rotary shafts, drums sl", rotatably mounted upon the shafts, p arranged iior codperation w th the drums,

and means for adjusting the pointers relatively to each other and longitudinally of the drums.

10. A caicnlating device including a pair of parallel rotary shafts, a pair of drums slidahly and rotatably mounted on said shafts,'duplex indicators arranged for co operation with the drums, and means whereby said indicators may be simultaneously or independently adjusted longitudinally of the shaft.

13. A. calculating device including a pair of parallel I'Oho U slidahly and rotatahly mounted on the respective shafts, nsane for fixing; each drum to its shaft, means upon each drum for dependently a justingthe same, means for simultaneously rotating the drums throughthe shafts, duplex pointers arranged for cooperation with said'drun'is, and ineans'for adjusting said pointers in a direction longitudinally of the drums.

12. A calculating device including a pair of parallel rotary shafts, a pair of drums slidably and rotatably mounted on the respective shafts, locking means carried by each drum for fixing it to its shaft, means carried by each drum whereby it may he independently adjusted, gearing coni'u'xrting the shafts for revolting the same in uni: a guideway disposed between and par with the shafts, supports arranged to traxei in the nuideway, duplex pointers carried by said supports, and devices for shifting said supports along said guideway;

13. A calculating device including a panof parallel rotary shafts, a pair of drums slidably and rotatably mounted on the rev vshalt-s, a pair of drums &

' s pectiv shafts, ad ating with the (11' for fixing each drum 14. A calculating device including a pair 5 of parallel rotary justable pointers coiiper carried by each drum for fixing it to its ums, and locking means shaft.

' r In testimony whereof I to its shaft.

1n presence of two wltnesses. shafts, a palrbf drums slidably and rotatqbly mounted on .the re-. -VVitnesses:

spective shafts, ad

1 'ating with the drums,' and locking means ustalgvl e pointers coiiper P. B. KENNEDY,

H. V. HILL.

my signature ,0. ALFRED JACOBSONQ

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