US1146707A - Internal-combustion turbine. - Google Patents

Description

P. H. HOLTZ.

V INTERNAL CbMBUSTION TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED AUG.14,19:14. LMJMK Patented July 13, 1915.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

I n ATTORNEYS Z .6 v I 7 k a v vA\ i z F W.

P. H. 'HOL TZ.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION TURBINE.

I now FILED Aue.14. 1914.

Patented July 13, 1915. 2 S EEEEEE SHEET 2.

v L .7 ATTORNEYS PETER H. HOIATZ, OF EVANSVILLE, INDIANA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 13, 1915.

Application filed August 14, 1914. Serial No. 856,778.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PETER H. Ho 'rz, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Evansville, in the county of Vanderburg and State of Indiana, have invented a new and Improved Internal-Combustion Turbine, of which'the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to improved internal combustion turbines and more particularly to one the principle of operation of which is mainly based upon the combustion or expansion of a gaseous or solid body'in the form of an explosive element in an unrestricted area, speaking relatively of the usual compression of a gas within a restricted chamber as in internal combustion engines,or the discharge of steam through a restricted outlet as in rotary impact steam engines.

The primary object of the'invention is the production of a rotary internal combustion engine which instead of employing gas which is compressed and ignited or which employs steam to derive kinetic energy, employs an explosive matter or element designed to beexploded by friction or otherwise when fed' into the machine so as to result in the generation of gases designed to exert energy for driving the rotor of the machine. Another object of the invention is the provision of an engine of the class described employing a novel arrangement of blades carried by the rotor in combination with a novel arrangement of blades carried by the stator so constructed that the maximum degree of power may be derived from the impulses given by the exploding gases whereby the efliciency of the-machine is raised to a maximum.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention resides in the peculiar combination and arrangement of arts to be hereinafter more fully describ illustrated and claimed, it beingalso an object to provide a device which is simple in construction, durable and eflicient operation and not likely. to get out of working order.

Reference is to be had to the. accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of ref: erence indicate corresponding parts in all the views, and in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of my improved internal combustion turbine the section being taken on the line l1 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing a modification, taken on the line 33 of Fig. 4; Fig. a is a sectional view taken on the line 4.4= of ,Fig. 3.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings in which the numeral 8 designates the casing of the motor or turbine whichis preferably constructed of a lower section 9 having a base portion 10 for supporting the same and a top section 11 which is preferably secured or connected to the lower section 9 as by means of co-acting flanges or extensions 12 at the edges of said sections which are secured together by fastening means which may be in the form of bolts 13.

Rotatably mounted in the casing on the hollow shaft sections 14 and 15 are a plurality of dish-shaped or concaved blades 16 forming curved passages 17 between the same and which branch from a central chamber 18 which is mainly unrestricted by the communication of the various passages 17 therewith, as these passages extend transversely of the casing in contra-distinction to the usual restricted passages provided in disklike rotary cylinders, so that the energy is exerted throughout the area of the blades, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth. The blades 16 are convexly arcuate at their outer edges, as shown at 19, and certain of their inner walls are concavely arcuate or dish-shaped, as shown at 20, while the walls opposing the walls 20 in this form of the invention are made rectilinear, as shown at 21', to allow free escape of thecombustible matter against the walls 20 to propel the rotor, it being understood that the shaft sections are journaled in the casing, as at 22.

Outwardly of the rotor the blades 16 composing the same and which rotate with the shaft sections, are a plurality of blades 23 which are provided with oppositely concaved-or-dish-faces 24 with respect to the disposition of the walls or faces 20 of the blades 16, while the inner edges of the blades 23 are concaved as shown at 25, being thus designed to permit their passage freely around the convex outer edges 19 of the inner blades. The outer blades are further provided with rectilinear walls or faces 26 opposing the walls or faces 24 and these blades are carried by side plates 27 which are rotatable on the respective shafts 14 and 15 through the medium of the bearing portions 28. The outer rotary blades through the instrumentality of their plates 27 are geared to rotate with the shafts 14 and 15, and this is effected through the instrumentali ty of an annular gear 29 carried by one plate and engaging a pinion 29 rotatably carried by the casing and disposed in mesh with a pinion 30' fixed to the shaft inwardly of the casing and at one side of said plate so as to cause rotation of one of the shaft sections in the same direction or movement imparted thereto through the rotation of the blades 16.

In the operation of the engine as above described the hollow shaft sections 14 and 15 are designed to extend toward the center of the casing or combustion chamber as shown but to be slightly spaced apart' at their inner ends as shown at 31 in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The end of the shaft section 15 is slightly restricted, as shown at 32, while the adjacent end of the shaft section 14 is considerably restricted, as shown at 33, whereby a wire or other carrying member 34 having suitable combustible particles 35 secured thereto at regular intervals, may be passed through the shaft section 15 and prevented from exploding until scraped therefrom at the restricted end 33 of the shaft section 14 due to friction or other means. In this manner the explosion will result in the generation of gases which will exert force by passing through the passages 17 and against the walls 20, thus causing the blades 16 to rotate in one direction or in an opposite direction to the direction of the escape of the gases, whereas the blades 23 will receive a final impact against the walls 24 and the force exerted will rotate these blades together with their connecting parts in an opposite direction to simultaneously drive the shaft sections in the same direction.

Since the combustible particles 35 are held out of contact with the inner wall of the shaft 15, they will not be ignited before being frictionally enga ed with the restricted end 33 of the sha t section 14, and in order to prevent the escape of the gases of combustion through the shaft section 15 and prevent ignition of the combustible particles thereby, a flexible closing means32' is provided at the inner end of the shaft section 15 which will permit the passage 0f the combustible particles but prevent the entrance or outward passage of the gases so that the entire action thereof for operating the motor is accomplished. Owing to the fact that the wire or carrying member 34 snugly fits the restricted end 33 of the shaft section 14, the escape of the gases in this direction is obviated, the connection in effect being a 'packing joint.

By way of suggestion it is submitted that 1 for feeding when steam is supplied through the hollow shaft to the interior and caused to escape through the passages in the same manner that the gas is described as escaping therethrough, an illustration of the adaptation of the device as a rotary steam engine is thus given. A special advantage is that the blades cover the whole area of the relatively circular casing except at the extreme ends of the casing outwardly of the blades 27.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings the structure is the same except that the walls opposing the walls or faces 21 are convexly arcuate and rounding toward the sides, as shown at 36, instead of being rectangular as are the walls 21 and the extreme edges of the blades 16 in both instances terminating in relatively sharp edges so as to obtain the extreme curvature so that the escaping gases will first strike these walls to rotate the blades in an opposite direction to the direction of escape of the gases and then be deflected against the concaved walls 24 of the outer blades to impart an opposite moveing continuously around the same. The exhaust gases pass between said blades and through exhaust pipes 40 branching from the channel at diametrically opposite sides above and below the joints between the two sections composing the casing. In this manner the free discharge of the exhaust or spent gases is provided for and back pressure or resistance thereby avoided.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a turbine engine having rotatable elements, a member passing through the en- 'ne and carrying explosive substances arranged at predetermined intervals, andmeans 'frictionally engaged b said substances successively to cause t e explosion of said substances, whereby the gases generated will cause the rotation of said elements.

2. The combination with a turbine casing.

and rotatable elements therein having relatively unrestricted passage areas; of means explosive elements concentrically of sald passage areas, and means engaged by said explosive elements to explode the same by friction whereby the gases generated will cause rotation of said elements in an opposite direction to the direction of the escape of the gases.

3. The combination with a turbine casing, hollow shaft sections journaled in the easing and spaced apart at their, inner ends, and rotatable elements mounted on said shaft and having passages communicating with the space between the shaft sections, of a member passing through said shaftsections and carrying explosive elements to the said space, the said explosive elements being caused to ex lode by contact with the end of one of said shaft "sections, thereby generating gases to cause the rotation of said rotatable elements.

4. In an engine of the class described, the combination with a casing of convexly arcuate form; of hollow shaft sections journaled in the casing and terminating at spaced distances from each other, a rotor comprising blades mounted on the shaft to rotate therewith, said blades having convex peripheral faces and concave active faces leading from a central chamber, blades outwardly of said first named blades and journaled on said shaft sections, said latter blades having concaved inner edges cooperating with said convex faces of the first named blades to permit the movements of the blades by each other and also having concave active faces,

and an endless member carrying spaced explosive charges passing through the shaft sections, the charges adapted to be removed by friction at the inner end of one of the shaft sections and exploded to generate gases which upon escape will exert force against the concave or active faces of the blades to drive the latter opposite directions to'the escape of the gases and to each other. r

5. In an engine of the class described, the combination with a casing of relatively spherical form; of .hollow shaft sections journaled in the casing and terminating at spaced distances from each other, a rotor comprising blades mounted on the shaft to rotate therewith, said blades having convex peripheral faces and concave radiating faces leading from a central chamber, blades outwardly of said first named blades and journaled on said shaft sections, said outer blades having concaved inner edges cooperating with said convex faces of the inner blades to permit the movements of the blades by each other and also having concave active faces, the other faces of the respective blades being adapted to be brought to symmetrical positions at times to form relatively continuous walls, each inner blade spanning a plurality of the outer blades and means for supplying and causing the escape of gases or fluid matter through the passages from the chamber to impart rotation to the blades. 6. In an engine of the class described, the combination with a casing, of hollow shaft sections journaled in said casing and terminating at spaced distances from each other,

-a rotor comprising a plurality of blades mounted on the shaft .to rotate therewith,

- the inner ends of the blades forming with the spaced ends of the shaft sections a cen-' tral chamber in the engine, the blades forming passages between the same extending transversely of the casing and branching directly from said central chamber, side plates rotatably mounted on the respective shaft sections within the casing, a plurality-of tions being restricted at its inner end and a member adapted to pass through the shaft sections, the said member carrying spaced explosive charges adapted to be removed and exploded by contact with the restricted end of the said .shaft section, thereby generating gases to rotate the said rotatable elements. a

' In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PETER H. HOLTZ.

Witnesses:

- Z. L. WOLFE,

J NO. A. ALrHsoN.

mounted on said shaft, one of said shaft sec-

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