US11456104B2 - Transformer assembly with shrinkage compensation - Google Patents
Transformer assembly with shrinkage compensation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US11456104B2 US11456104B2 US16/297,854 US201916297854A US11456104B2 US 11456104 B2 US11456104 B2 US 11456104B2 US 201916297854 A US201916297854 A US 201916297854A US 11456104 B2 US11456104 B2 US 11456104B2
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- United States
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- windings
- winding
- pistons
- transformer assembly
- assembly according
- Prior art date
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004498 neuroglial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/30—Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
- H01F27/303—Clamping coils, windings or parts thereof together
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
Definitions
- the present invention relates to transformer assemblies, in particular transformer assemblies for power applications, and for improved methods for producing such transformer assemblies.
- windings are typically exposed to a drying process, mainly to eliminate traces of water from the insulating material. During this process, the insulating material shrinks, thereby leading to a small decrease, inter glia, in the axial length of windings.
- the active part of a traction transformer comprises one or more windings and a core assembly. During manufacturing, this active part is usually clamped with a mechanical, insulating structure composed by pressure plates and beams. These parts may, for example, be made in wood or in polyester based materials reinforced with fibre glass. A number of metallic axial tie rods are typically installed between the beams, the tie rods allowing to maintain a certain pre-stress force on the windings.
- the pre-stress force is applied via the tie rods to the pressure plates and beams.
- the tie rods have to be re-tightened occasionally. This has typically to be repeated a number of times after a certain amount of time, so that the exerted force on the windings is essentially maintained through the entire drying process.
- the assembly of the pressure plates, beams and tie rods must sufficiently be dimensioned, thus resulting in a mass which contributes considerably to the weight of the transformer assembly.
- a transformer assembly with shrinkage compensation during drying or curing of the windings comprises: a core having at least two yokes and at least two legs; at least one winding provided about at least one of the at least two legs of the core, the at least one winding being insulated by an insulating material; at least one metal profile per yoke, extending in parallel to the respective yoke and being mounted to it; and at least two pistons seated in at least one of the metal profiles, the pistons being movable along their axial direction which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the at least one winding, wherein the at least two pistons exert a force on the at least one winding in an axial direction of the windings.
- a method of compensating the shrinkage during drying or curing of windings in a transformer assembly comprises assembling a transformer assembly according to the first aspect, and, during a drying process or a curing process, applying a force on the winding through pistons.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a transformer assembly according to embodiments
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a perspective schematic view on a part of the transformer assembly of FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a perspective view on a transformer assembly as presented in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a cross-sectional view through a metal profile of a transformer assembly according to embodiments.
- a transformer assembly which may be a traction transformer for rail vehicles, or generally a transformer for power conversion applications and for power distribution.
- the assembly comprises a system able to compensate the shrinkage of the winding insulation when drying.
- This system comprises a mobile piston, pushing the windings, and by a pre-stress screw, henceforth also called adjustment screw, imposing a force on the windings.
- a bell is typically also employed to transmit the force from the piston to the metal profiles.
- Spring elements typically in the form of a stack of spring washers, compensate for the variations of the winding dimensions due to the drying and thermal cycles.
- a decrease of the average manufacturing time of a transformer is achieved, in particular a decrease if the assembly time needed for the active part mounting and to the drying process.
- the transformer assembly is typically further used in a productive environment, e.g., in a railway train.
- the above-described system used for the shrinkage compensation is then employed to exert a force on the winding(s) in order to maintain their stability, which is particularly useful in the environment of a railway train or locomotive.
- the spring elements are generally typically configured such that, after the drying or curing is completed, a force exerted on the at least one winding during the further operation of the transformer is dimensioned to be higher than a potentially expanding electromagnetic force of the winding in case of a short circuit condition of the transformer. This ensures that the integrity of the winding is maintained against vibration and shock during normal operation, and is also maintained in case of short circuit.
- the pistons typically move for a distance from about 0.5 mm to about 4 mm, more typically from about 1 mm to about 3 mm during drying or curing.
- the pistons typically move only for a negligible distance in case of a short circuit, as the force exerted by the pistons is configured to be higher than the expanding electromagnetic force of the winding.
- the pistons typically move in a direction towards the metal profiles only during differential thermal expansion of the winding versus the core during operation (e.g. after cold start-up), which occurs within a time constant of some minutes, e.g. 2 minutes to 10 minutes.
- a movement of the pistons towards the metal profiles, away from the center of the winding may occur due to thermal expansion during normal operation, but not due to the electromagnetic forces during a short circuit condition.
- a short circuit condition the counteracting force exerted by the spring elements on the pistons hinders the pistons from being moved by the electromagnetic forces caused by the short circuit condition. If the short circuit condition would persist for a longer time span of e.g. 15 seconds or more, the resulting heating and thermal expansion of the copper might, however, lead to thermal expansion of the winding, which may subsequently lead to a movement of the pistons towards the metal profiles. In practice, however, a short circuit condition is typically terminated latest after a few seconds by a protection mechanism, which is part of the railway train or locomotive.
- the active part of the transformer is generally clamped with metal profiles, which preferably are aluminium extruded profiles. This allows for weight reduction and material cost savings.
- reinforcements are installed along the legs of the transformer and are located between the magnetic core and the windings.
- the reinforcements are in the following also called mechanical connection elements. These reinforcements or mechanical connection elements rigidify the magnetic core and counteract short circuit forces from the windings. The force is transmitted from the windings to the metal profile via the pistons and then, the stress loop is closed through the reinforcements along the leg. A counter-shape on the base of the metal profile(s) is intended for the installation of these reinforcements.
- FIG. 1 a cross-sectional view on a transformer assembly 5 according to embodiments is shown.
- the core 10 has two yokes 12 , 14 and two legs 16 , 18 (herein, only leg 16 is visible due to the perspective).
- Two windings 20 , 22 are provided about the legs 16 , 18 , whereby only winding 20 is visible in FIG. 1 .
- the windings 20 , 22 are insulated by an insulating material 24 , which is only schematically shown in FIG. 1 .
- the insulating material 24 may for example be an aramid paper or the like.
- metal profiles 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d are mounted above and below each of the yokes 12 , 14 .
- the metal profiles 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d extend in parallel to the respective yoke 12 , 14 and are mounted to the yokes 12 , 14 via bolts 9 .
- the metal profiles 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d extend perpendicular to the drawing plane and are thus only visible as a cross-section.
- Pistons 26 a , 26 b are seated in the metal profiles 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d , wherein the pistons 26 a , 26 b are movable along their axial direction. Their axial direction is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the winding(s) 20 , 22 .
- the pistons 26 a , 26 b thereby exert a force on the winding 20 , 22 in an axial direction of the winding 20 , 22 .
- the pistons 26 a , 26 b compensate for this length difference.
- the pistons 26 a , 26 b are mounted with spring elements 40 a , 40 b .
- These spring elements 40 a , 40 b are typically embodied by a stack of spring washers, such as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .
- the spring elements 40 a , 40 b may also be embodied by using other means, such as spiral springs, or the like.
- Mechanical connection elements 50 a , 50 b , 50 c , 50 d preferably extend in parallel to the windings 20 , 22 (and to the legs 16 , 18 ) between the metal profiles 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d which are provided on both ends of the windings 20 , 22 .
- the mechanical connection elements 50 a , 50 b , 50 c , 50 d comprise two elongated metal bars per leg, extending in parallel to each other and in parallel to the legs 16 , 18 in a space between the legs 16 , 18 and the respective windings 20 , 22 .
- the elongated metal bars are mounted at their respective ends to at least one of the metal profiles 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d .
- FIG. 2 a part of the transformer assembly is shown, wherein only the windings 20 , 22 are left out for illustrational purposes.
- FIG. 2 shows a perspective view on the assembly of FIG. 1 without windings.
- the arrows symbolize the force which the (left out) windings would exert on the metal profiles 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d via the pistons 26 a , 26 b .
- FIG. 3 the same transformer assembly 5 is shown in complete form, that is, including windings 20 , 22 , and plates 32 b and 32 a.
- the metal profiles 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d comprise or consist of aluminium or an aluminium alloy.
- two profiles 8 a , 8 b ; 8 c , 8 d extend in parallel to each other on opposite sides of each of the yokes 12 , 14 .
- the pistons 26 a , 26 b are each seated in the metal profiles 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d via a bell 60 a , 60 b (not shown in FIG. 1 ).
- the bell 60 a , 60 b also preferably comprises or consists of aluminium.
- the bell 60 a , 60 b is intended to transmit the force from the piston 26 a , 26 b into the metal profile 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d .
- the bell 60 a , 60 b is particularly useful in the case of extruded metal profiles 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d , as schematically shown in FIG. 4 .
- an adjustment screw 34 a , 34 b is used for adjusting a force of the piston 26 a , 26 b onto the respective winding 20 , 22 .
- the adjustment screw 34 a , 34 b is seated in an insert 36 having an inner thread.
- the insert 36 is fastened to the bell 60 a , preferably also via a thread.
- a plate 32 b is typically located between the pistons 26 a , 26 b and the windings 20 , 22 , in order to transmit the force from the pistons 26 a , 26 b to the windings 20 , 22 .
- the plate 32 b comprises or consists of a polymer or a fiber-enforced resin.
- the plate 32 b may be ring-shaped, such that it substantially covers the cross section of the winding 20 , 22 .
- the plate 32 b may also comprise further functionality, for example oil conducts when the plate 32 b is used for transporting/circulating insulating oil into the transformer 5 .
- the plate 32 b shall be able to withstand the punctual force from the pistons 26 a , 26 b on one side.
- FIG. 2 On the other side of the windings 20 , 22 , there are no pistons, but a further plate 32 a , which transmits the force from the windings 20 , 22 (being pushed by the pistons 26 a , 26 b from the other side) onto the metal profiles 8 a , 8 d .
- a total number of four pistons 26 a , 26 a , 26 b , 26 b act on each winding 20 , 22 .
- two pistons per winding are located in metal profile 8 b and two pistons per winding are located in metal profile 8 c , all on one end of the windings 20 , 22 .
- the number of pistons per winding may differ. It goes without saying that the skilled person may, based on this disclosure, find other variants to provide the pistons 26 a , 26 b in the metal profiles 8 a , 8 b , 8 c , 8 d , which are regarded to fall under the present disclosure.
- the method of compensating the shrinkage during drying or curing of windings of a transformer assembly comprises: assembling a transformer assembly 5 as described above, and then, during a drying process or a curing process of the windings, applying a force on the winding through pistons.
- the force is obtained by spring elements, and a shrinkage of the windings during drying or curing is compensated by the pistons.
- the transformer assembly may be one of a traction transformer for rolling stock, a distribution transformer, or a power transformer. It is preferably immersed in an insulating fluid, such as mineral oil or oil from organic sources.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Insulating Of Coils (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16188074 | 2016-09-09 | ||
EP16188074 | 2016-09-09 | ||
EP16188074.5 | 2016-09-09 | ||
PCT/EP2017/072507 WO2018046618A1 (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2017-09-07 | Transformer assembly with shrinkage compensation |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2017/072507 Continuation WO2018046618A1 (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2017-09-07 | Transformer assembly with shrinkage compensation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20190206607A1 US20190206607A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 |
US11456104B2 true US11456104B2 (en) | 2022-09-27 |
Family
ID=56893868
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US16/297,854 Active 2040-01-19 US11456104B2 (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2019-03-11 | Transformer assembly with shrinkage compensation |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11456104B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3510614B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN109906494B (en) |
ES (1) | ES2842956T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018046618A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA191182S (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-11-10 | Green Motion Sa | ELECTRICAL CHARGING TERMINAL |
Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3772627A (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1973-11-13 | Gen Electric | Shock-absorbing spring clamp for electric induction apparatus |
DE2820740A1 (en) | 1978-05-12 | 1979-11-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPTIMAL STABILIZATION OF THE WINDINGS OF TRANSFORMERS AND REACTORS |
FR2820541A1 (en) | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-09 | France Transfo Sa | Electrical coil alignment method for power transformer having rotating section holder with upper rotating sections pushing upper/lower supports and central flexible layers coils holding |
US20070132537A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2007-06-14 | General Electric Company | Transformer and method of assembly |
US7830233B2 (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2010-11-09 | Abb Technology Ag | Electrical induction device for high-voltage applications |
CN202384172U (en) | 2011-12-09 | 2012-08-15 | 常州东芝舒电变压器有限公司 | Transformer coil pressing device |
EP2530686A1 (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2012-12-05 | ABB Research Ltd. | Pressing of transformer windings during active part drying |
CN203966732U (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-26 | 红旗集团温州变压器有限公司 | dry-type transformer |
CN204028192U (en) | 2014-08-13 | 2014-12-17 | 浙江北互互感器有限公司 | A kind of shockproof noiseproof voltage transformer (VT) |
CN204792382U (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-18 | 宁波西博恩新材料科技有限公司 | Metallic glass transformer |
CN205012978U (en) | 2015-10-10 | 2016-02-03 | 陈庆先 | Poor step of sharp intelligent oil production device in pit |
US20190066902A1 (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-02-28 | Prolec-Ge Internacional, S. De R. L. De C. V. | Press-clamp with clamping force sensor for electric transformer winding |
-
2017
- 2017-09-07 ES ES17765157T patent/ES2842956T3/en active Active
- 2017-09-07 WO PCT/EP2017/072507 patent/WO2018046618A1/en active Search and Examination
- 2017-09-07 EP EP17765157.7A patent/EP3510614B1/en active Active
- 2017-09-07 CN CN201780069338.4A patent/CN109906494B/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-03-11 US US16/297,854 patent/US11456104B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3772627A (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1973-11-13 | Gen Electric | Shock-absorbing spring clamp for electric induction apparatus |
DE2820740A1 (en) | 1978-05-12 | 1979-11-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPTIMAL STABILIZATION OF THE WINDINGS OF TRANSFORMERS AND REACTORS |
US4255868A (en) | 1978-05-12 | 1981-03-17 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag | Method and device for optimally stabilizing the windings of transformers and chokes |
FR2820541A1 (en) | 2001-02-06 | 2002-08-09 | France Transfo Sa | Electrical coil alignment method for power transformer having rotating section holder with upper rotating sections pushing upper/lower supports and central flexible layers coils holding |
US7830233B2 (en) * | 2004-12-27 | 2010-11-09 | Abb Technology Ag | Electrical induction device for high-voltage applications |
US20070132537A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 | 2007-06-14 | General Electric Company | Transformer and method of assembly |
CN103733281A (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2014-04-16 | Abb研究有限公司 | Pressing of transformer windings during active part drying |
EP2530686A1 (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2012-12-05 | ABB Research Ltd. | Pressing of transformer windings during active part drying |
CN202384172U (en) | 2011-12-09 | 2012-08-15 | 常州东芝舒电变压器有限公司 | Transformer coil pressing device |
CN203966732U (en) | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-26 | 红旗集团温州变压器有限公司 | dry-type transformer |
CN204028192U (en) | 2014-08-13 | 2014-12-17 | 浙江北互互感器有限公司 | A kind of shockproof noiseproof voltage transformer (VT) |
CN204792382U (en) | 2015-07-22 | 2015-11-18 | 宁波西博恩新材料科技有限公司 | Metallic glass transformer |
CN205012978U (en) | 2015-10-10 | 2016-02-03 | 陈庆先 | Poor step of sharp intelligent oil production device in pit |
US20190066902A1 (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-02-28 | Prolec-Ge Internacional, S. De R. L. De C. V. | Press-clamp with clamping force sensor for electric transformer winding |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
European Patent Office, International Search Report & Written Opinion issued in corresponding Application No. PCT/EP2017/072507, dated Oct. 26, 2017, 14 pp. |
Notification to Grant dated Feb. 1, 2021, Chinese Patent Application No. 201780069338.4, 4 pages. |
Office Action dated Oct. 26, 2020, Chinese Patent Application No. 201780069338.4, 6 pages. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018046618A1 (en) | 2018-03-15 |
CN109906494A (en) | 2019-06-18 |
CN109906494B (en) | 2021-04-13 |
ES2842956T3 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
EP3510614A1 (en) | 2019-07-17 |
EP3510614B1 (en) | 2020-11-04 |
US20190206607A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 |
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