US1145334A - Condenser. - Google Patents

Description

L. L. PRATTx CONDENSER,

Tm: mmm-1 3,1914.

HMM

:A in elevation, taken own? feine GUEB PRATT, 0F FHELADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TG C. H. WHEELER liANFCTUENG COMPANY. GF PHLADELlBHI, PENNSYLVANEA,

S! PENNSYLVANIA.

A; mation sied Jane wie.

:rented e new and useful Condenser, Whichthe following is a spioiieation.

My invention relates to Condensers, and particularly surface oondensers, used for condensing rapor or steam into liquid, es

for eample, for condensing into Water the exhaust steam from a steam engine, tur. e

or other steam delivering device. n

It is the object of my invention to provide e condenser in which the steam i'iows toward a @entrai nir lane through paths of minimum length and to provide a. structure whereby die baci-z sure within the condenser shall be a ininimuni; and it is u further object of my invention to proride bridges or partitions in the tooling ir-.iter end boxes in such arrangeineilt is to prevent nir pookets in the circulating' system and, p :ei-ably, to provide a. plurality cooling unter p disposed side us distinguished from passes suerposed one shove ie oi 1er. These and other objects and advantages of my invention are obtained by the structure hereinafter described.

For an illustration ot' my invention n'iajf take had in the vwhich:

Figure l is vieu through improvements system. Fig.

some of the forms reference is to be accompanying drawings, in

a longitudinal cross sectional a condenser embodying my adapted to the Wet racuum a cross-sectional View, some parts in elevation, taken on the line :2f-,f2 of Fig. l. Fig. is a Cross-sectional View taken on the line of Fig, l.' Fig. fi is longitudinal Cross-sectional View of a frondenser sinn' to that of Fig. l but adapten the wet and dr7 "vacuum system. l is a crosseseotional View, some parts on the 'line of Fig. e. .ieerrini to Figs. l, 2 and 13, S is the condenser shell, generelot' cast iron, whieh "has-the end portionss otsmeller diameter.

he inlet for the ezhaust or f fr Steam mn fiirunA to be condensed. i the end Gertie of the ecuidense: shell secured the noolingireter boxes@ and B', the 'tube sheets M, of hi'untzs metziaor other suitable nieterahheing held between the flanges on Speeication of Letters Ret-ent.

pressure or drop in pres- CONDENSEEL.

the boxes B, B

and the A CGBPGRAEION iatented July 5, ist?. Serial No. 842,545.

end portions s.

into these tube sheets M are fitted the tubes of brass or other instal secured in t the usual errules not shown,

sheets iii are good he sheet or other heat conducting s or plates M by fastening' means,

is here illustrated the tube circular so that the tubes occupy more or less completely e circular area as indioated in Figs. and 3, forniinf?` e circuler tube bank.

tubes, it will be see The n, rom

Circular bank ot Fig. 3, is not ooneentric with. the main shell S but is disposed near the bottoni of the shell S so that from the exhaust inlet to the shell o there is a Iree and bottom of the imple space for steam passage which diminishes in cross- 'section toward the b in the bottoni of the shell ottom or" the-shell S,

S is the outlet or Connection lV, for Connection to a net nir pump, that is, a pump which removes from the interior of the sate und the air Connection shell S both the Gouden which may have leaked .into the-steam engine, turbine and Connections and some which may hure in the boiler feed Water. and the water u' heen present Since both the nir ithdrawn through the the construction of Fig. l

isfor the so-oalled wet vacuum system.

Making u tight joint with the ner side or the shell S is the rounding beyond the outlet its top and it is through its densate passes to und through the outlet l?.

louer dem Ti surand extending to some distance This dam is open at top that the eon- But it u'ili be understood that no condensate will pass out 'until the level of the densate in the shell S rises shore the top edge of the dani D. mass ot condensate in the rlnis maintains a small bottom of the shell S at all times, and the seme is refrigerated, that is, Chilled to a few degrees lower temperature than the steam et the time it changes into Water. that with tiuetuations of vacuum and other rPhe result is conditions Within the condenser the refrigerated condensate Will not easily .reempfN rate or return into the o rpha through the cooling Water inlet which, if occurring, u' he eihoienoy of the cond ondition of steam ould detract from enser. A cooling water enters thK=` honv .B into that oonniartment c of the, boXLB formed b5 the vertioal walls or or arched top bi from ett toward the rig bridges Z), 7J and the eurved idge It then 'Hows ht, as viewed in Fig. l, through all the tubes z which communicate with the compartment C. it being remembered that the bridges o, and b1 entend to und lit snugly with the left face oi le'l't tube sheet M ot Fig. l. All ot' the tubes t eouununicate with the interior of the box .at the right end ot Fig. l. The Water passing throng the group o of tubes communicating with compartment o flows into the box B, and returns in tivo parallel paths through the remainder ot the tubes 75, groups g1, gl, to the compartnieiits c1, el, of the box B, as illustrated in big. From these compartments' the Vwater rises into the space or dome b2 and flows out of the cooling water voutlet C1.

As shown in Eigs. l and 3 a. baille plate P is disposed directly below the steam inlet and above tubes t of group g' hich coniinunicate with compartment c of box-B. the angular extent of the 1plate being slightly greater than the angular width of compartment c or group g as indicated in Fig. To accommodate the dam D a number of tubes t are 'omitted as will be seen from Figs. 2 and 3. And tubes are also omitted from group g as, for example, one vertical rou', to provide 'the vertical air lane L. And a rertical rou' for each of the vertical bridges l) is omitted because these bridges must tightly Contact with the lei't tube sheet lvl, Fig. l, and when so contacting would more or less eornpletely shut oil the tubes beck oi these. bridges.l and such tubes would be substantially useless and may therefore be omitted.

The steam enters by the inlet E and passes to right and lett', as Viewed in Fin'. 3, to either side of the baille plate P and thence inwardly between the tubes t. through which the Water is flowing, toward theeentral air lane L. By this arrangement the steam nonies first into communication With tubes ot groups g1, g1 through which is iiovving the Warnier cooling water. After passing' these tubes and before .reaching the lane Lfany remaining' uncondensed steam cornes in con tact with tubes of group g carrying' the colder Water and is completely condensed,

.substantially nothing but air reaching the air lane L. The condensate forms .inthe bottoni of the shell S, and is refrigerated, above stat-ed, by coming` into contact with tubes containing` the Colder Water. The condensate ilo-ws over the top edge of the dani i) and out through the passage W to the air pump which also removes the air 'from the. ooudeuser in the well known manner. The i assugje of the steam is through short paths 'from the space between the shell S and the circular bank of tubes direct to the lane L, lane il bein# open to the insideot the dam l) and to 'the outlet W. 'Sinn during 'pr-mess the cooling;` i

e. desoribedi through the eenliaying top wall trai group'g of 'tubes and returns through the two groups g1, g1 0i tubes to the eornpartnients C c1 and thence to the outlet C1 coinlnunicatin;r with the space 02 Jformed beneath the Wall E52. vents incoming' steain from immediately striking@r the colder tubes t carrying the cold water vin the central group. g and prevents' any war-1u condensate dropping direetly into the dam'D-to the outlet YV. y

ln Figs. 4 and 5 the general structure and arrangement is the eine as thatherein: before described and similar reterence Characters indicate similar parts hereinbefore described. ln this case, howevei,-the arrangement is for the uet. and dry' vacuum system. connection which removes only lair 'from Within'the condenser. ln this case a darn -'D1 extends around and beyond the connection lll/Y1 and is provided with e root` or cap -r which pre- The baille plate pre- Thot is.I the connection *W1 is the y for air only to an air pumpl vents any condensate fallingin the forni of rain or finely divided particles from entering the dani Dl and passing through opening Vr". ,to the air pump, the roof f," being spaced above the top edge of the dam so that the air can flou over tlie'top edge of the darn beneath the cap The in the bottom of the shelf inunicates the receptacle .condensate collects S y. th u'hf. eh comd into Winch the condensate flows and collects end from which it is removed by any suitable pump to the hot vvell or other desired point..

iis ,vill be noted from 2. the upper; inost tubes t of the la g1 are at a level loiver than the level off the uppermost tubes t of the middle group and are also at a lower level thunthe lowerinost partei the discharge outlet i) vcommunicati .es consequence oiing with the dome 02. these relations any air Carried' into the systeni with the 'cooling lwater prevented from yforming a pocket which would cause uncovering the interiors of the uppermost tubes if of the lateral groups by displacing .the 'Water therein.

Frein the arrangement of the 'circulatory system of the cooling Water above described it is apparent that the 'formation of undesirable air pockets is prevented. since the uppermost. tubes ot the lateral groups are eaused to remain filled with water and the uppermosttubes oi' the iniddle grouijl as ivell. v

`Wh at l claim is:

l. Si condenser comprising a. shell. eooline.r -water boxes on the ends off ,said shell. water conducting tubes within said shell. all ot' said tubes coinnnnicatinev with one oi said boxes, a pair of separated vertical partitions in the other oi said boxes dividingr the saine into three eouumrtuuuts and dividing said tubes into three iii-oups side by side. a coolinlet connnunicatingwith the eral return groups 911,.'

Sti

elle

nWater outlet communicating with said lateral groups, and a vertical lane within said central group toward which the entering steam and air iiow through said lateral groups and then through said central grou p.

l2. A condenser comprising a shell having a steam inlet, water conducting tubes within said shell. said tubes being grouped eccentrically with respect to said shell, said tubes divided into a central group and lateral groups, a cooling water inlet communieating with said central group, a cooling:- water outlet communicating with said lateral groups, a verticzl lane within said central group toward which the entering steam and air tiow through said lateral groups and then through said centralgroup. andI means disposed above said central group between the saine and said steam inlet for preventing steam arriving through said. inlet from contacting with the tubes of said eentral group.

13. A condenser comprising a shell having a steaminletTwater conducting tubes within said shellfsaid. tubes being grouped eccentrically with respect to said shell. said tubes divided into a central group and lateral groups', a cooling water inle' conununicat ing with said central group, a cooling water outlet communicating uv ith said lateral groups, a vertical lane within said central. group toward which the entering;A steam and air HOW through said lateral groups and thenv through said cem ral group, and` a bat'- le late over said central 2group and disposed between the saine and 14C, A. col'idenser comprising a shell hav ing asteain inlet,4 water conductinglv tubes within said shell, said tubes being Lgrouped eccentrically with respect to said shell. `-aid tubes divided into a central group and lateral groups, a coolingh water 'inlet communicating with said central group, a cooling water outlet communicating with said lateral groups, a vertical air lane within said central group toward which the entering steam andl air flow through said lateral groups and then through said central group, an air pump connection communicating with said air lane, a dani .surrounding said connection. and a cover above said 'dani and spaced therefrom.

l5. condenser comprisingr a shell. a bank ot' cooling' water .conducting tubes disposed'in said shell. a cooling: water box on` said shell, a vertical partition in said box di viding the saine into compartments. froups of tubes disposed side by side. and eonnnuni :ating: respectively with said compartments. a water-inlet communicatinc willi one oi' said compartments. a water outlet eouununicatine" with another ot said compartments, the topmost tube or tubes communicating with said other ot' vsaid conmartments being' disposed at a level lower than the topmost tube said Steam inlet.

liorixontal water to the water lhorizontal water conducting tubes, said groups being;` disposed side by side, a cooling water inlet connecting with one of'said groups, a cooling water outlet connecting with a second group,

the topmost tube or tubes ot' said second group being disposed at a level lowerV than 'the topniost tube or tubes ot' said group connected to the water inlet and disposed at a level lower than the lowerniost point ot' said water outlet.

17. A condenser comprising a bank ot' coolingl water conducting tubes disposed in said shell, a cooling,r Water box on said shell, a vertical partition in said box dividing the saine into compartments, groups ot' tubes disposed side vby side and communicating respectively with said com partinents, a water inlet communicating with one of said compartments, a water outlet communicating with another of said compartments, the topinost tube or tubes con'nnunicatingwith sa'id other ot said compartments being disposed at a level lower than the topinost tube or tubes communicatiupr with said one compartment and at a level lower than the lowermost,point ot said water out-let, said shell having a steam inlet. and said bankA of tubes. spaced from said shell by distances diminishing progresl sively with the distances from said ste-ain inlet.

1S. .kvcondensery comprising groups ot conducting tubes, said urou ,is beinu dis `osed side bv side a rollin ,s l* 3 ,"3

water inlet connecting with one ol' saidgroups, a eenling water outlet connecting with a .-afrond group, the topniost tube or tulips' ot said .second group being?r disposed ut'a level lower than the topniost tube or tubes ot' said one otsaid groups connected 'ulet and disposed at a level lower than the water outlet. a condenser shell. said'tubes ot said 1i-oups disposed in a bank eccentric vwith respect lo .said shell.

lll. condenser comprising groups of horizontal water conducting tubes, said `groups bein;r disposed side b v side', a cooling water inlet veonueetinpv with one of said lgroups. a rooling water outlet connecting willi a .seeoinl group. an air lane formed enl'u'elj. within .said lirst 1i-oop, vandan air pump connection eonnuunicating directly with faidair lane without passage the iubes ot' said second group.

20. -l vcondenser comprising a shell, a

bank ot' cooling water conducting tubes disposed within said shell, a cooling..r water box on said shell. vertically extending,lr bridges in said boxV dividing the saine into middle and lateral compartments, said bank of tubesdishell, a

through U0. lowerniost point ol' said '1,145,384 A 5 vided into a plurality of groups disposed' In testimony vwhereof I have hereunto side by side and communicating respectively aixed my'si'gnature inthe presence of the With said middle and lateral compartments, twosubscribing witnesses 'a partition joining said vertical` bridges at A LOUIS L. PRATT. n

5 their upper ends, said. lateral" compartments Witnesses: being in' ommunication with each other `ALICE S. MARSH, Y through a space above said prti'tion. NELLIE Freni).`

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