US1142829A - Process of making heat-insulating material. - Google Patents

Description

` txammer liatenred J une 15, 1915.

; 0^-. 0R MSU? '-zCwSS. fferen@ PROCESS 0F MAKING HEAT viNSlILATHH'. MATERIAL. y M PLHIAI'IOIQ FILEDJULY 30.1310-` 1,142,829.

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Comms oa PLAs'nc Cmgg 'Refer-enc@ F. 1. MAYwALn.

PROCESS 0F MAKING HEAT INSULAIING MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 30. |910.

Patented June 15 wlTNEssEs fll'itii'nnizlcx J. nimm, lor BooxLYm-amw Yonx'.

PATENT OFFICE. f

HPBCESS OP IAIKING HEAT-INULATING l piumini mea nu so,

To all whom it may concern:

` America, and a resident of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and .'State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Making Heat-Insulating Material, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a process of making heat insulating material, and particularly to a novel method of producing an interstitial solid composed in whole or in part of one or more of the alkaline silicates such as silicate of soda or the like. Such a material when heated to the required degree loses its moisture and is converted into a hard, substantially insoluble cellular structure, which is very effective as a heat insulator, being well a lapted to prevent either egress or ingress of heat from or to the body protected thereby.

I have found in actual practice atendency, duringthe conversion of the raw material into a hard cellular structure by such application of h eat, toward the ormation of large bubbles which seriously interfere with the production of a structure of the desired character, namely, one in which the cells are small and substantially uniform in size throughout. Furthermore, crust formations are apt to result such as interfere'with the required throwing oi of the moisture.

It is the main object of my present in- 'vention to avoid the formation of these large bubbles and as far as possible to prevent the production of these crust, formations, and I attain this object by constantly moving the mold in which the material is contained while beinfg treated. e i

A further object o my present invention is to produce heat insulating structures of tubular form such as may be conveniently employed as pipe coverings for'steam or specimen of Lenen ramt.

l mold' carrier' 12.

-Patented June 15, 1915.

1910. 'Ierill No. 574,592.

j the material employed is in the main silicate of soda or potash or the like, for such a condition lends itself well to the ready introduction thereof into the mold,-and in any event such is as a rule the natural condition of the material I employ. This ma- 'terial' as before stated preferably consists either wholly or in the main of one or more of the alkaline silicates, such as any of the grades of silicate of soda or potash, either as single or double silicates. 'In combination therewith,-I may employ a minor proporltion of other materials such as carbonate, oxid hydrate or chlorid of magnesium, or ealcium,and so forth, according t`o the renultsI desire to attain.

It will, of course, be understood that my In the drawing herewith, A designates a furnace, and B a rotatable mold carrier containng a mold C therein. The mold "carrier is provided with a sprocket wheeLD by which rotary movements may be imparted thereto. A nozzle or perforated pipe E is also provided by which the material to be treated maybe introduced into the mold.

With A ecial reference to Figure 1, lhave shown a 1111 closing a furnace chamber 11 which is heated by any desired means. Rotatably mounted in the furnace and passing longitudinally through 'the furnace chamber is a tubular This mold ca'rrier is mounted to rotate in suitable bearing pltes .13 in the end wall's'f the furnace. any suitable-or desired forni of bearin elements or f faces being employed, as wi l be well unliot water pipes or the like, or for pipes for derstood. Mounted upon one of the ends 0f conveying'- cooling iiuids as inrefrigerating systems, and to this end I conveniently em.' ploy a tubular mold and impart ra id move. ments of rotation thereto, 'so that e centrifugal force thus generated will cause the* material in the mold to be thrown toward the walls thereof and thus to assume and maintain a tubular shape during the baking and hardening operation.. The raw material is desirably in liquid or semi-liquid form, as would be the case where for carrying outmy invention the material 90 ace 10 of conventional form nratus for carrying out my invention w ich comprises a pipe 26 which enters thegmold Vand is provlded with orifices 27 through which the material may be forced. In operation a mold is .first-fitted to the carrier and heat is then applied to it and the mold rotated at 'a somewhat high rate of speed. The: terial is. then introduced into the moldher by means of the-atomizingheads 24, or pipe 26, or otherwise, and after a "while the moisture in the material thus introduced is driven off and it commences to be converted into a cellular structure. .If the material isfed slowly this structure is built gradually until a structure of the -clesire thickness is attained, while on-tl1e other hand, if it is introduced substantially in bulk, then a .tubular structure is formed by the centrifugal force consequent upon the rapid revolution of the mold carrier, the

, cellular. structure being then formed in mass. In any event the rapid, rotation of the mold tends to enforce an equal distribution of the heat, to prevent large bubbles being formed and thus to insure a uniformity of structure, and to a large degree to prevent the development of crust formations. After all the material has been converted into a cellular structurev of the desired size, heat is preferably applied for some -`time longer, to the end that the inal structure may be substantially insoluble, for I'have :found that the additional application of Aheat tends to reduce the solubility of the material. l

What I claim is: l. The herein described process of'making a heat insulating structure which consists in introducing a material comprising in A the main a. liquid silicate into a forming mold, rotating the mold at a relativelyhigh s d to' uniformly distribute lthe liquid t erein by centrifugal action, and inapplying heat thereto to bake, expand and arden the material and to prevent the formation of large bubbles, whereby a Afine raired uniform cellular structure is prouce 2. The herein described process of making a heat insulating structure which consists in introducing a material comprising in the main a liquid silicate into a mo d a little at Va time, and in applyin heat thereto to bake, expand and harden t e same while it is being so applied, whereby a homogeneous cellular structure of the desired size and thickness is built up gradually.

3. The herein described process of making a heat insulating structure which consists in atomizing a material comprising in the main a soluble silicate in liquid form, and in introducincr the material in atomized form'into a mold while heat Ais being aplied thereto, whereby a homogeneous celular structure ofthe desired size and thickness is built up gradually.

4. The herein described process of making a heat insulating structure which consists in graduallyintroduci a' material comprising in the main a liqui silicate, into a mold while heat is being applied thereto, and in rotating the mold at t e same time whereby a homogeneous cellular structureof the desired and thicknessis built up|` gradually.

, 5. The herein described process of making,"

geneous cellular structure of the desired size and thickness is built up gradually.

e FREDERICK J. Witnesses:`

D. Howann Harwoon,

F. B. Gnus.

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