US11425807B2 - LED lighting circuit and a lighting device comprising the same - Google Patents
LED lighting circuit and a lighting device comprising the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US11425807B2 US11425807B2 US17/274,698 US201917274698A US11425807B2 US 11425807 B2 US11425807 B2 US 11425807B2 US 201917274698 A US201917274698 A US 201917274698A US 11425807 B2 US11425807 B2 US 11425807B2
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- Prior art keywords
- led
- buffer component
- segments
- input
- segment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
- H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
- H05B45/48—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs organised in strings and incorporating parallel shunting devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
- H05B45/54—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits in a series array of LEDs
Definitions
- This invention relates to a LED lighting circuit.
- Tapped linear driver or called as stepped LED driver, is a low cost LED driving technology that does not need a switched mode power supply. It dynamically bypasses one or more LED segment in a series connection of LED segments such that the forward voltage of the rest LED segments in the electrical loop matches the amplitude of the input voltage.
- the input voltage is usually the AC mains voltage.
- US20150108909A1 discloses such a tapped linear driver. Even further, it bypasses the LED segment in a binary manner. More specifically, taking the three segments' state as a 3-bit binary code, each segment corresponding to one bit, 1 means one segment is not bypassed and 0 means that segment is bypassed, the three segments are switched as 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110 and 111.
- a basic idea of embodiments of the invention is clamping the voltage of the switches to avoid current spikes, via a buffer component that is connected to an anode and a cathode of a series string of at least two LED segments. A discharge of the buffer component still flows through on LED segment to prevent power loss.
- the buffer component also clamps the voltage of a current source circuit.
- Another basic idea of the embodiments of the invention is providing a circuit with robust surge protection, by using buffer components respectively in parallel with LEDs and with a current source for the LEDs.
- an LED lighting circuit comprising an input adapted to receive an input voltage, a plurality of LED segments connected in series and to the input, a buffer component connected to an anode and a cathode of a series string of at least two of the plurality of LED segments with respective switches, a current source circuit in series connection with a parallel connection of the buffer component and the at least two LED segments, across the input; further comprising a further buffer component across the current source circuit, wherein said buffer component and the further buffer component is in series connection.
- This embodiment further improves the efficiency, EMI margin and THD.
- the efficiency can be increased by around 5% than the known circuit, EMI margin is 20 dB and THD is 3%. It can also mitigate surge risk to the LED and to the current source, since the buffer component can also shunt the surge current to the ground (another polarity of the input). Thus a double function of the two buffer components is provided.
- said buffer component comprises a capacitor, said capacitor is adapted to buffer a voltage across the at least two LED segments when the switches of the at least two LED segment are open, and discharge via one switch of one LED segment and the other LED segment when the switch of the one LED segment closes while the switch of the other LED segment is still open.
- This embodiment further defines the operation of the buffer component in reducing the input current spike.
- a switching arrangement comprising a plurality of switches (Q 1 , Q 2 , Q 3 , Q 4 ) each of which is in parallel with a respective LED segment to selectively bypass none or at least one LED segment so as to match the forward voltage of the rest of the plurality of LED segments with an instantaneous amplitude of the input voltage.
- a tapped linear driver (switched segments) topology is used. The voltage change will not be applied to the current source circuit, and there is less input current spikes.
- said buffer component is adapted to stabilize a voltage across the at least two LED segments, thereby stabilizing a voltage across the current source circuit, when a switch of the at least two LED segments is switched.
- the input comprises a positive terminal to connect an anode of the series plurality of LED segments, and a negative terminal to connect, via the current source circuit, a cathode of the series plurality of LED segments, and the buffer component is connected across the anode and the cathode of the series plurality of LED segments.
- the buffer component is connected across the whole series plurality of LED segments.
- the buffer component can connect to a series connection of only a subset LED segments of the plurality of LED segments.
- it further comprises a plurality of capacitors each of which is in parallel with one LED segment respectively, and a plurality of diodes each of which is between one switch and one capacitor to block a discharge of the capacitor via the switch such that the current flowing terminals of the switch is decoupled from discharging energy of that parallel capacitor.
- the input is adapted to receive a rectified AC mains voltage as the input voltage.
- the AC mains voltage may be 110V AC in the US or Japan, or 220/230V AC in Europe and China.
- said switching arrangement is adapted to: not bypass a first LED segment and bypass a second LED segment when the instantaneous amplitude of the input voltage is in a first range; bypass the first LED segment and not bypass the second LED segment when the instantaneous amplitude of the input voltage is in a second range higher than the first range; and not bypass the first LED segment and the second LED segment when the instantaneous amplitude of the input voltage is in a third range higher than the second range.
- This embodiment provides an application of the basic embodiment in binary tapped linear.
- the basic embodiment can also be used with normal tapped linear driver wherein the LED segments are turned on/off progressively/accumulatively in a manner of 001, 011, and 111 wherein three bits indicates the state of a respective LED segment.
- Another aspect of the invention provides a lighting device comprising the LED lighting circuit according to the above embodiment.
- the lighting device could be preferably a road light.
- FIG. 1 shows a circuit schematic of a typical tapped linear driver
- FIG. 2 shows the input current waveform of the circuit in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 4 shows a circuit schematic of a tapped linear driver according a basic embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 6 shows the input current waveform of the circuit in FIG. 5 .
- FIG. 1 shows a typical circuit schematic of a tapped linear driver.
- V 1 stands for the input voltage which is for example a 230V RMS AC voltage.
- U 3 stands for a rectifier bridge which may be diode based. Alternatively the rectifier bridge could be based on active rectifying implemented by active switches like bipolar transistors or MOSFETs.
- C 9 is a large buffering capacitor connected to the positive output and negative output of the rectifier, for providing a certain buffering.
- LED 1 to LED 4 stands for the switched LED segments, while MOSFET S 1 to S 4 are in parallel with the LED 1 to LED 4 respectively for bypassing one LED segment or not. Those MOSFETs are driven by a switch control block which could be an IC or is implemented by discrete components.
- a current source circuit B 1 connects in series with the LED segments, and the current source circuit B 1 and the LED segments connect to the positive output and negative output of the rectifier.
- Each LED segment is with a buffer capacitor C 1 to C 4 .
- Block diode D 1 to D 4 are connected between the MOSFET and the buffer capacitor to prevent the buffer capacitor from discharging through the MOSFET.
- FIG. 2 shows the current spikes at the top, the AC mains input voltage in the middle, the voltage across the current source circuit B 1 at the bottom. It can be seen that the current spikes and voltage spikes are very large.
- FIG. 3 Another circuit is showed in FIG. 3 , capacitors are added between gate/source and drain/source of MOSFETs S 1 ⁇ S 4 .
- MOSFET S 1 as an example, C 10 is added between gate and source, and C 5 is between drain and source.
- the circuit lowers the switching speed to overcome current spike and the voltage across the MOSFET is clamped by the capacitor C 5 thus there is no transient voltage change on the current source circuit B 1 , making the current spike less.
- lower efficiency as energy stored in capacitors C 5 to C 8 is consumed by MOSFETs; and crossing switching between MOSFETs affect input current shape, reduce THD and PF performance.
- a basic embodiment of the invention proposes a buffer component connected to an anode and a cathode of a series string of at least two LED segments.
- This buffer component buffers a voltage across the at least two LED segments when the switches of the at least two LED segment are open, and discharges via one switch of one LED segment and the other LED segment when the switch of the one LED segment closes while the switch of the other LED segment is still open.
- the voltage across the at least two LED segments is stabilized to prevent voltage/current spikes, and energy discharged by the buffer component still flows through the other LED segment and the efficiency is high.
- a capacitor C 9 is added to connect the anode and cathode of the series string of all LED segments LED 1 to LED 4 with respective switches Q 1 to Q 4 .
- the capacitor C 9 can connect to the anode and cathode of a series string of only two or three of the LED segments', for example LED 1 and LED 2 , LED 2 and LED 3 , or LED 3 and LED 4 , or LED 1 , LED 2 and LED 3 , or LED 2 , LED 3 and LED 4 .
- DS means from drain to source, and//means parallel connection.
- the discharging current drives the LED segments LED 2 to LED 4 thus the embodiment has a higher efficiency than the circuit in FIG. 3 wherein the discharging current of C 5 is totally consumed by a MOSFET.
- a further embodiment is adding a further buffer component in parallel with the current source circuit.
- a further buffer component C 5 is provided across the current source circuit B 1 .
- the buffer component C 9 and the further buffer component C 5 is in series connection, between the (rectified) input voltage. It further comprises a diode forwarded from the cathode of the series plurality of LED segments to an interconnection of said buffer component C 9 and the further buffer component C 5 .
- the voltage across the current source circuit is also stabilized by the capacitor C 5 .
- the voltage across the current source circuit intends to increase but it will be first clamped by C 5 's voltage plus the forward voltage of D 5 .
- V source1 V bus ⁇ V led1 ⁇ V led2 ⁇ V led3 ⁇ V led4 (1)(Q1 ⁇ Q4 off)
- V source2 V bus ⁇ V Rdson ⁇ V led2 ⁇ V led3 ⁇ V led4 (2)(Q1 on,Q 2 ⁇ Q3 off)
- Equation 2-Equation 1 we can gain the voltage changing on B 1 during Q 1 turning on.
- ⁇ V source V led1 ⁇ V Rdson (3)
- B 1 is linear current source, the resistance of B 1 at the period of Q 1 turning on can be calculated by equation (4).
- R B1 V source1 /I in (4)
- the spike Ipeak is calculated by equation 5. This spike current make EMI, THD worse. Furthermore, it produce oscillating between pins of Q 1 which reduce hi-pot performance.
- FIG. 6 shows the input current waveform of the embodiment in FIG. 5 . It can be seen that the current spikes are much fewer than those in FIG. 2 .
- the current source circuit can be implemented by bipolar transistor or MOSFET. Variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure and the appended claims. For example, the current source circuit can be moved from the cathode of the LED segments to the anode of the LED segments, namely a high side driving.
- the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps
- the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality.
- a single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.
- a computer program may be stored/distributed on a suitable medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium supplied together with or as part of other hardware, but may also be distributed in other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.
Abstract
Description
V source1 =V bus −Vled1−Vled2−Vled3−Vled4 (1)(Q1˜Q4 off)
V source2 =V bus −V Rdson −Vled2−Vled3−Vled4 (2)(Q1 on,Q2˜Q3 off)
ΔV source =V led1 −V Rdson (3)
R B1 =V source1 /I in (4)
I peak =ΔV source /R B1 (5)
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CNPCT/CN2018/105114 | 2018-09-11 | ||
WOPCT/CN2018/105114 | 2018-09-11 | ||
CN2018105114 | 2018-09-11 | ||
EP18204436 | 2018-11-05 | ||
EP18204436 | 2018-11-05 | ||
EP18204436.2 | 2018-11-05 | ||
PCT/EP2019/073386 WO2020053024A1 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2019-09-03 | A led lighting circuit and a lighting device comprising the same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20220053622A1 US20220053622A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 |
US11425807B2 true US11425807B2 (en) | 2022-08-23 |
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US17/274,698 Active US11425807B2 (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2019-09-03 | LED lighting circuit and a lighting device comprising the same |
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US (1) | US11425807B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3850910B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6997910B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN112673712B (en) |
PL (1) | PL3850910T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020053024A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
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CN114040543B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-08-29 | 杰华特微电子股份有限公司 | LED linear driving circuit |
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2019
- 2019-09-03 WO PCT/EP2019/073386 patent/WO2020053024A1/en unknown
- 2019-09-03 US US17/274,698 patent/US11425807B2/en active Active
- 2019-09-03 JP JP2021512948A patent/JP6997910B2/en active Active
- 2019-09-03 CN CN201980059302.7A patent/CN112673712B/en active Active
- 2019-09-03 PL PL19759607.5T patent/PL3850910T3/en unknown
- 2019-09-03 EP EP19759607.5A patent/EP3850910B1/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2020053024A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
CN112673712A (en) | 2021-04-16 |
JP6997910B2 (en) | 2022-01-18 |
CN112673712B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
JP2021527932A (en) | 2021-10-14 |
US20220053622A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 |
EP3850910A1 (en) | 2021-07-21 |
PL3850910T3 (en) | 2023-04-17 |
EP3850910B1 (en) | 2022-11-09 |
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