US1138969A - Fluid-pressure motor. - Google Patents

Description

C. J. OLSON.

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLICATION 1150 mms. 1913.

1,138,969. Patented May11,1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET C. J. OLSON.

FLUH) PRESSURE MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED mus, 1913.

1,138,969. Q Patented May 11, 1915.

2 $HEETSSHEET 2.

MTED STA TES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES J. OLSON, OF MUSKEGON, MICHIGAN.

FLUID-PRESSURE MOTOR.

masses.

Specification of Letters Patent.

racemes May 11, 1915.

Application filed January 25, 1913. Serial No. 744,182.

To all whom- 1' may concern:

lie it known that 1. CHARLES J. OLsoN,

citizen of the llnited States, residing at Muskegon. in the county of Muskegon and State. of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid- Pressure Motors, of which the following is tool driven by the motor is not in actualcontact with the work, a comparatively small volume of air will be admitted to the motor and this volume will be automatically increased as increased resistance is ofl'ered to the operation of the saw.

Another aim of the invention is to provide a motor so mounted and constructed that it will be adapted to drive an endless saw,

emery-wheel, and various tools designed to he titted into a. chuck carried by the motor shaft.

For a full utiderstandin-gof the invention reference is to: be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical front torear sectional view through the motor embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 is a side eleration thereof. Fig. 3 is a top plan view. Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse sectional view in the line -l--l of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is'a vertical section.- on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4. Fig. (3 is a detail perspective view of one of the pawls. shown in Fig.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following descriptionand' indicated in all the views of the accompanying drawings by the same reference characters.

As will presently appear, the structure emhmlying the resent invention includes twin motto-shaving a common shaft, which shaft carries. between the motors, a s rocket for driving the endless saw, hereto ore re- .fvrl'edto. and at one end is provided with a chuck and at its other end is arranged for the support of a butting wheelfor the li e.

In the drawings, the shaft above referred to is indicated by the numeral 1, and the sprocket mentioned includes in its structure a body consisting of a collar 2 t0 the o'ppo-. site vfaces of which are secured flanges 3, the parts being connected preferably by rivets. This collar is keyed, or otherwise secured upon the shaft 1 at a point substantially midway between the ends of the shaft and, as before mentioned is located between the two compressedair motors from which power is derived. The sprocket also includes in its structure an annular disk 4 which is fitted between annular plates 5 and secured thereto by rivets 6, the duter peripheries of the plates 5 being located beyond the peripheries of the disk 4, as clearly shown in lfig. 4: of the drawings. This portion of the s rocket is rotatably received between the anges 3 of the body. portion thereof and a number of bearing rollers 7 are arranged between the flanges 3 and between the outer periphery of the collar 2 and the inner peripheries of the disk 4 and plates 5. The periphery of the disk is formed with teeth 9 with which the links 9' of the chain saw are arranged to cooperate. Inasmuch as this saw and the support therefor form the subject-matter of my copending application for patent on pneumatically operated chain saws, filed May 28, 1912, Serial No. 700,264, the saw and its support will not be further described in this case,

i and it is to be understood that any desired type of saw may be employed.

As illustrated in Fig. 5 of the drawings, the peripheries of the flanges 3 are formed 'with notches 12 and pivoted as at 13 upon the outer face 'of each plate. are pawls 14 which are arranged to engage in the notches in the flanges 3 whereby to connect the first .and last described sections of the sprocket for rotation in unison. Thus when the shaft 1 is rotated in one direction, that section of the socket comprising the disk 4 and lates 5 will be correspondingly rotated. n order, however, that the pawls 14 may be held out of engagement in the respective notches 12. the outer face of each plate 5 is formed adjacent the pivot for each pawl with an indentation 15 in which is adapted to seat a laterally projecting lug 16 upon the adjacent pawl. Each plate is further formed with a similar indentation 17 so located that when the adjacent pawl has its lug 16 engaging therein, the end of the pawl will be held in the res ective notch 12.

As be ore stated, two compressed air motors are arranged upon the power-shaft I, one located at each side of the sprocket above described, and these motors are of counter-part constructiom'and consequently a description of one will suflice for both.

Each of the compressed air motors, above mentioned, includes a casing consisting of a substantially annular body 39 to the sides of which are secured heads 40 and 41. These heads are formed axially with openings to which the shaft 1 is rotatably fitted and the head 41 of each casing is provided with-a laterally projecting flange 42 which is secured by means of bolts, or similar fastening devices 43 to the inner end of the stock of the saw, the stock being indicated in eneral by the reference numeral 43*. ach head 41 is formed with a rearwardly projecting flange 44 and the handle ofthe device, which also constitutes a support for the motors, and which is indicated by the reference numeral 45, is formed at its forward end with'forwardlypro'jecting flanges 46 to which the flan s 44 are secured by means of screws 47. he rotor of each motor includes a hub 48 which is keyed to the shaft 1 and each rotor further includes a rim 49 and a web 50. At intervals the web 50 is thickened to equal the width of the rim 49, as indicated at 51 and at each of these thickened portions constitutes a head in which is arranged one of the pistons of the rotor. These pistons are indicated by the numeral 52 and are in the form of lates slidably fitted in suitably formed-soc ets 53 in the heads 51 which sockets open at the periphery of'the rim 49. Each piston is provided with stems 54 which fit slidably in openings in the inner ends of the heads 51 and a spring 55 is arranged upon-each of the stems and serves to hold the related piston 52 in extended relation, or in other words with its outer end projecting beyond the periphery of the rim 49. The said edges of the piston blades 52 travel over the inner surface of the'annular body 39 of the casing in which the rotor is mounted, and this memher of theeasingis provided interiorly with abutments 56 located at diametrically opposits-points and more specifically at the Supper and lower sides thereof. The said member of the casing is formed at its rear side with passageways 57 and 58 which communicate with the interior of the casing in front and in rear of the upper and lower' abutments, respectively. These passageways 57 and 58 communicate with the inner end of an inlet ort 59 which is formed in the handle 45.

e web 50 is formed with open-' ings 60 at points between the piston blades 52, and each head of the casing is bulged as at 61 to form an exhaust by-pass, there being two such by-passes in each of the cylinder heads and the two being located at diametrically opposite points. An annular series of exhaust openings 62 is formed in each head 50 and it is through these openings that the exhaust air may escape, it having passed around the rim of the rotor by way of the by-pass passages 61 and through the openings 60 in the web 50 of the rotor.

It Will now be understood that when air under pressure is admitted into the paswill be allowed to rush over the edges of the rim of the rotor and, passing through the openings 60 will escape by way of the openings 62. In this manner, the exhaust of air from the rotors is rendered practically noiseless, and it will be observed furthermore that there is no chance whatsoever of the rotors stopping in such position that they 4 will not be immediately set in motion upon the admission of air under pressure through the port 59.

The handle 45 is formed at the intake end of the passage 59 with a recess 63 and with a nipple 64 .to which is clamped or otherwise attached one end of a flexible tube 65' which serves to conduct air under pressure from any suitable source of supply to the motors. The throttle valve which controls the supply of air under pressure through the passage 59 is indicated at 66 and is arranged to seat at the intake end of the said passage and the stem of this valve is indicated by the numeral 67 and fits slidably through the end of the handle 45 and is provided with a head 68. A finger-lever 69 is provided for opening the valve 66 and this lever is pivotally mounted for rocking movement as at 70 upon the upper side of the handle and has a finger-piece 71 projecting forwardly beyond its pivot and a finger 72 projecting rearwardly from the pivot and downwardly behind the end of the handle and in engagement with the stem 67 and its head 68, asclearly shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings. The valve 66 is normally heldclosed by means of a spring 73 which is fitted upon its stem 67 and bears at one end against the valve and at its other end against onewall of the recess 63.

As before stated, a valve is provided for automatically controllingthesupply of air under pressure to the motors and this valve messes I will now be described. The valve-is posichamber-74 between the'piston heads 75 and tioned within the valvechamber 74 which is formed in the handle'45 and which traverses the air passage 59. Thevalve includes a 1 piston. which is slidably fitted within the valve-chamber 74 and. comprises ahead 75 and a head 76, these heads being connected by a stem 77, preferably integral with the head 76 and is threaded into the head 75,

the said heads being spaced with relation to each other.- The chamber 74 is divided between the heads 75 and 76 of the. piston, by

a partition 78' held in place by means of pins 79 which project sockets 80 formed at opposite points in the wall of the chamber, these pins being projected into and held 1n engagement in theisockets by means of screws 81 threaded, into the partition and" having conical entering ends; The partition 78 is formed with ports-82 and the 76 is filled with oil or other. fluid,'as clearly shown in Fig. 1. A plug 83 is removably fitted into the upper end of the chamber 74 and a spring 84: is arranged within thechamber and bears at its upper-end against the plug.83 and at its lower end against the piston head 75, this springserving' normally to lower the piston within the chamber, as will be readily understood. In order that reciprocation of the head'75 in the chamber will not be interfered with, by compression of the air above this head, vent openings. 85

are formed in the plug 83. The lower end of the chamber 74 is closed by means of a plug 86 and adjustably threaded through this plug is an abutment screw 87 held at adjustment by means of a jamb-nut 88. The

upper end of the screw 87 15 presented at the axis of the head 76 and the spring 84: nor-. mally holds the valve lowered with its said head in engagement with the screw.

It will be observed from inspection of the drawins that by adjusting the screw 87 up or own, the valve may be normally so positioned as to more or. lesscompletely close the passage 59 so that when the throttle valve is opened by pressing upon the finger-piece of the throttle lever a greater or less volume of air will be admitted through this passage;

As before'pointed out, the pawls 14 may be positioned out of engagement in the notches 12 so as topermit of rotation of the shaft 1 through the medium of'the compressed air motors without however rotating the driving sprocket of the saw so that this shaft may be employed for the purpose of rotating an emery wheel or a chuck supported at its ends. The emery-wheel is indicated at 89 and includes a hub 90 fixed upon one projecting end of the shaft 1 and held thereon by means of a nut 91 threaded upon the said end of the shaft. One face of the hub is formed with a ball-race 92 and seated in this race and in asimilar race 93 formed in the face of theadjacent'motor 'casingihead 40. are. bearing balls 94. The

chuck above referred to is indicated by the numeral-95and is fixed upon theopposite end of-theshaft 1 and carries a set-screw 96 which may be ti htened to bearagainst and hold the tang o -a bit 97 and fitted withinthe screw.

0 on' f the devicejis as fol- A, lows he g nor Shown-in Fig.1 of the I drawings being in normal position, whereby a partly close the passage 59, the throttle :valve is o ened by depressing the finger-.

piece 71 o the throttle lever 69. thereby admitting air under pressure to the said pas.-

supported by the" shaft, but not suflicientto came the saw or tool to cut through-,the piece of material against which it is 'a p-' -plied. However, as soon as the saw or the y tool. is applied to the material, the resistsage.. The air admitted is only in such vol ume asjto set-in motion "the "saw, or a tool ance offered to its movement will result in an-increase inv pressure within the valvechamber 74, and as a consequence the iston valve within this chamber will be As the pressure within the mntors overthe saw, .or rotation of the tool, the rotors of the motors willbe set in motion and the move downwardly a greater or less degree,

but this movement will be comparatively slow, due-to the factthat the fluid within the chamber 74 between the heads 75 and 76 must pass through the openings 82 in the partition'78', and it will be readily understood that when the valve hasbeen-lowered sufficiently to reduce the sup ly of air under pressure to the motors, suiiicient to cause an accumulation of air under pressure in the motor casings and the passage 59' and the chamber 74, the increased pressure will again, result in a forward movementof the valve. B the provision of such .a valve the supply 0 air under pressure to the motors is governed in accordance with the characifted.

' comes the resistance offered tothe travel of saw or tool will be caused to properly act upon the material. Should pressure'within the motor casing become lowered, due to less resistance being offered to the rotation of the motor shaft the governor valve will terof the work being acted upon, and as a and the rotor having a rim and the exhaust openings in the wall of the casing being located within the boundary of the rim, and a by-pass in the said wall of the casing at the rim of the motor.

2. In a motor, of the class described, a casing, a rotor mounted in the casing and having a peripheral rim extending between the heads of the casing, the said heads of the casing being provided with oppositely located by-passes located at the rim of the rotor, the rotor being formed with passageways located inwardly of the rim, and an inlet for the casing, one head of the casing being formed with exhaust openings located inwardly of the by-pass and within the boundaryof the rim.

3. In a motor of the class described, a casing, a rotor mounted in the casing and having a hub and a peripheral rim extending between the heads of the casing and supported u on the hub by a perforated web, the said ubof the casing being provided with oppositely located'bypasses communieating at their ends with the space between the said rim of the rotor and the curvilinear wall of the casing and the space within the rim, an inlet for the casing communicating with the space between the rim and the curvilinear wall of the casing, pistons upon the rotor projecting into said space, one head of the casing being formed with exhaust openings communicating with the space within the rim.

4. In a motor of the class described, a casing including sides and a rim, the casing having an inlet port opening through its rim, a rotor mounted within the casing, the rotor including a rim extending between the said sides of the casing, the said sides of the casing being outwardly bulged at a point in the peripheral line of the rim of the rotor whereby to provide a by-pass between the space exteriorly oi the rim of the rotor and interiorly of the same, and pistons carried by the rotor and projecting beyond the rim of the same, the sides of the casing being provided with exhaust openings located within the boundaries of the rim of the rotor.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES J. oLsoN. n 8.

Witnesses:

J. J. PERRY, i E. HATHAWAY.

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