US1137418A - Roll-crusher. - Google Patents

Description

R. C. NEWHOUSE.

ROLL CRUSHER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I9. 1912.

Patent-ed Apr. 27, 1915.

UNITED s'rATEs PATENT oEEicE.

RAY C. NEWHOUSE, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOB, BY MESNEr ASSIGNMENTS, 10 ALLIS-CHALMERS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

ROLL-CRUSHER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 27, 1915.

To all 'whom it may concern Be it known that I, RAY C. NEwHoUsE, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, in the county of Milwaukee and State of Visconsn, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Roll-Crushers, of which the following is a speciicatlon. This invention relates to improvements 1n the construction lof high speed single-roll crushers for rock, ore and similar substances. The object of the ,invention is to provide a hi h speed single-roll crusher which 1s Simp e in construction and efficient in operation. x

The invention consists in providing a single massive roll with knobs or projections and in .rotating this massive irregular sur- A faced roll at a high rate of speed.

Intermittent charges. of the material to be crushed are admitted to the path of the rapidly moving irregularities of the roll and are broken by the slugging actlon of the knobs or projections which are assisted in their slugging bythe kinetic energy stored in the massive and rapidly rotating roll. After the material has been preliminarily broken 'by kinetic energy, it is precipitated into the secondary crushing chamber formed between the roll and an anvil, "where it is reduced by direct crushing to the desired slze.

The invention furthermore includes vari' ous novel features of sin le-roll construction, such as the formatlon of the inlet hopper to prevent bridging of the material admitted thereto, and the provision of ilexible and shock absorbing retaining means for the anvil, adapted to prevent damage to the frame of the machine if substances which are too hard to be crushed are admitted to the crushing chamber.

A clear conception of an embodiment of the invention may be had by referring to Athe drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification in which like reference characters designate the same or similarv arts in the various views.

gure 1 is a top view of a high-speed' single-roll Crusher and its inlet hopper. Fig.

2 is a central vertical section through a single-roll Crusher, the section being taken along1the line IIe-1I of Fig.l 1 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary, art sectional, bottom view of a portion o the anvil retaining means, the

view being taken in the direction of the arrow III in F ig. 2.

The single roll consists essentially of a massive core 51, to the outer surfaces of which a series of massive wearing plates 2, 22 are removably secured. The massive plates 2 are provided with knobs or projections 9, see Figs. l and 2. The plates 22, in addition to being provided with projections 9, are provided with large projections or Slugger knobs 8. Each of the projections 9 and Slugger knobs 8 has an end surface formed at its leading end, which is substantially perpendicular to the outersurface of the plates 2, 22.

The massive core 51 is secured to the roll shaft 5 by any suitable means as a key. The roll shaft 5 is supported in suitable bearings formed inthe frame portions 4, 40 and hasoverhanging ends which project beyond these bearings. Flywheels'or heavy driving pulleys 6, 16 are secured to the overhanging ends of the shaft 5.` `The crushing rol and pulleys 6, 16 are adapted tobe rotatd at high speed by means of power applied directly through a belt to either of the driv- f ing pulleys 6, 16.

VThe anvil 31, which is also of Very massive construction, is suspended from' a cross rod I21 supported in theframe portions 4, 40 and passing through the upper end of the anvil 31. The portion of the anvil 31 adjacent the crushing-roll is provided with removable wearing liners 3, 30. The upper end of the liner 3 projects toa considerable distance above the top of the crushing-roll while the lower end of the liner30 extends below the body of the roll. The crushing ,surface of the liners 3, 30 gradually ap-` the discharge passage from the crusher. The

reaction rods 15 aressecured to the ends of the anvil beam 42 and extend away from the beam 42 in the direction of the crushing roll. rIhe reaction plates 14 are secured to the free ends of the rods 15 and have a surface which co-acts with the correspond-v ing ends of a series of helical compression springs 12. The opposite ends of these compression springs 12 react against suitable plates 13 secured to the frame portions 4, 40.

The reaction cap 44 extends. through an aperture in the anvil beam 42 and eo-acts with its end portions against surfaces formed on the anvil 31. The bolts 47 have enlar ed heads and are secured to the anvil 31, a ter passing throughholes formed in the cap 44. Small helical springs 48 are normally compressed between the enlarged heads of the bolts 47 and surfaces of the cap 44. The anvil beam 42 has a portion 46 formed circular in cross-section, and co-acting in a recessin the anvil 31.

The inlet hopper 20 has two of its sides 17, 18 inclined to a greater extent than the -remaining two sides 10, 11 which are substantially perpendicular. The opposite sides 10, 17 of the inlet hopper 20 are inclined in a common direction while the remaining opposite sides 11, 18 are also inclined in a common direction. It is not, however, necessary to have the inclination of the sides of the hopper 20 exactly as disclosed but the inclination of these sides must be such as to prevent bridgingaof the material admitted to the hopper at the same time affording as large an inlet as possible. The hopper 20 'is supported by the frame portions 4, 40 and is adapted to` dischar e material directly against thev upper sur ace of the crushing roll. The frame portions 4, 40 are connected by tie pieces 7, thus forming a rigid supporting frame for the machine elements.

During the operation of the device the massive crushing roll is rotated at a high rate of speed by means of power applied to either of the driving pulleys 6, 16. Due to the mass and rapid movement of the rotating parts, considerable kinetic energy is stored Charges of rock which may include very huge individual pieces, are

.admitted to the upper ends of the inclined surfaces 17, 18 of the hopper 20 from whence they slide by gravity mto the path of the rapidly moving projections 9 and slugger knobs 8. Due to the enormous amount of kinetic energy stored in the rotating parts, the projections 9 and Slugger knobs 8 impart a rapid succession of powerful blows against the pieces of rock and hurl the fragments toward the anvil side of the crusher. 'Some of the fragments of rock are thrown directly into the 'crushing chamber formed between the anvil 31 and the roll, where they are nipped anddirectly crushed between the projections 9` and Slugger knobs 8 and the liners 3,

Other fragments of rock are thrown against the sides 10, 11 of the hopper 2O from which they fall by gravity into the direct crushing chamber. The delivery of intermittent charges of rock to the hopper 2O is desirable since by thus admitting the charges, the interval during which no rock is being admitted can be utilized in again restoring the kinetic energy given up by the rotating parts during a period of crushing. If the feeding of the material to the crusher is made continuous an enormous driving power is required in order to prevent stalling of the machine.

If any substance which cannot be broken between the roll and anvil 31, is admitted to the crushing chamber, the projections 9 and knobs 8 gradually force the substance along the surfaces of the liners 3, 30 and force the lower end of the anvil 31 away from the roll. This motion of the anvil 31 away from the roll causes the anvil beam 42 and liners 45 to recede from the abutments 43 formed on the frame portions 4, 40. During this recession of the anvil vbeam 42 the rods 15 and reaction plates 14 compress the helical springs 12 against the plates 13 secured to the frame portions 4 40. After the unbreakable substance has passed through the crusher the springs 12 immediately return the anvil beam 42 to its normal position and cause the lower end of the anvil 31 to approach the crushing roll. Due to the enormous mass of the anvil 31 and its inertia, it will during its motion toward the crushing roll, tend to over-travel beyond its normal position. The over-traveling of the anvil 31 causes the cap 44 to come in contact with the portion 46 of the anvil beam 42. Continued motion of the anvil 31, after the cap 44 has come in Contact with the portion 46 of the anvil beam 42, will cause compression of the springs 48 between the enlarged portions of theV bolts 47 and the end portions of the cap 44. This compression of the springs 48 gradually retards the forward motion of the anvil 31 and eventually causes the anvil 31'to again assume its normal position relative to the crushin roll. The springs 12 elastically urge the eam 42 and elements connected therewith toward the frame abutments 43, while the springs 48 elastically urge the anvil 31 to rest against the beam 42. It will thus be seen that the arrangement of the resilient anvil retaining means reduces the shock and prevents damaging of the crusher during abnormal -condiinaterial may be just as effectively prevented by forming three of the hopper sides substantially perpendicular. sirable to have at leastl one of the sides inclined at an angle of substantially 45 with the horizontal since such construction admits of the gradual admission'of the material to the path of the projections 9 and sluggcr knobs 8 and also permits the admission of larger charges of material.

Applicant is aware that mass'ive'rolls utilizing the kinetic energy of the rolls to accomplish the crushing, have heretofore been constructed but in each of these constructions a pair of rolls was used. Since these massive rolls can only be constructed at a considerable expense, applicant by the use of only a single roll can greatly reduce the cost of the device as the cost of constructing the anvil and its retainin means would not equal the cost of an additional roll. The use of an anvil moreoverproduces a more uniform size ofdischarged product than when a pair of opposed rolls are used. It is moreover intended in the application of the pres-- ent invention to make the single roll'itself of substantially the size and mass of the ini dividual rolls heretofore used in kinetic energy machines, the kinetic energy of this single roll, however, being greatly augmented by the massive fly-wheels or pulleys 6, 16 secured to the roll shaft.

It should be understood that it is not desired to be limited to the exact details herein disclosed as obvious modifications may occur to a person skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent,-

1. In a crusher, a rotatable roll having a plurality of Slugger knobs, means for positively rotating said roll, a normally stationary anvil having a gradually curved crushing surface which approaches said roll, and a hopper having guiding surfaces adjacent said roll and anvil for delivering material to the entire'upper portion of said roll in the path of said knobs and to the space between said anvil and said roll, said guiding surface adjacent said anvil being overhung toward said roll and being substantially tangent to the end of said anvil surface and said guiding surface adjacent said roll being inclined relative to said first mentionedguid. ing surface and being substantially radial relative to said roll.

2. In a crusher, a rotatable roll having a plurality of slugger knobs, means for positively rotating said roll, a normally stationary anvil having a crushing surface which gradually approaches and extends underv said roll, the crushing` surface `of said anvil being smooth in both transverse 'and lateral extent, arid-"means for feeding material to thes acebetween said roll and anvil.

3. n a crusher, a rotatable roll having a It is however desaid guiding surface adjacent said roll being inclined relative to said first mentioned guiding surface and being substantially radial relative to said roll.

4. In a crusher, a rotatable roll, an anvil having a crushing surface adjacent said roll, means for permitting recession of said anvil from said roll during abnormal conditions of operation, and elastic means for cushioning said anvilv during its return movement.

5. In a crusher, a rotatable roll, an anvil havinga crushing surface adjacent said roll, means for permitting recession ofsaid anvil from said roll, and spring means for cushioning said anvil during its return movement.

6.1In a crusher, a frame, a rotatable roll supported lin said frame, a beam, elastic means for positioning said beam against said frame, and an anvil pivoted to said frame and normally resting against said beam, said anvil having a crushing surface adjacent said roll.

7. In a crusher, a frame, a rotatableV lroll supported in said frame, a beam, elasticy against said elastically urged means, saidmeans reacting againstsaid elastically urged means.

10. In a crusher, a frame, two/coa'cting Crusher elements, and elastically urged means stopped by said frame for restraining movement of one of said elements both toward and away from the other of said elements.

11. In a crusher, a frame, two coacting crusher elements having a chamber adapted for gravity feeding formed between them, and elastically urged means stopped by said frame for restraining movement of the.

lower end of one of said elements both toward and away from the other of said elements.

12. In a crusher, a frame, two coacting crusher elements, a. vseries of springs stopped In testimortl'xwhereof, the signature of the b said frame for elastically restrainingdisinventor is a ed hereto in the presence Y'of 10 p acement of one of said elements in one ditwo witnesses.

rection relative to the other of said elements 5 and-'a second series of springs stopped by, RAY C NEWHOUSE' said frame for elastically restraimnt djs- Witn: placement' of said movable element in e op- H. C. CASE,

posite direction. W. H. LIEBER.

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