US1137297A - Building construction. - Google Patents

Description

A. TREO.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED mmzz. 19x4 1,137,297. Patented Apr. 27, 1915.

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v /MZ%M/ A. TREO.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21. 1914.

Patented Apr. 27, 191".

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A. TREO.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.27. I914.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFONS TBEO, OFDUQUESNE, PENNSYLVANI A.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 27, 1915.

Application filed March 27, 1914. Serial No. 827,623

To all whom it may concern Y Be it known that L-Anron's. TREo, a subject of the Emperor Francis Joseph I of Austria-Hungary, residing at Duquesne, in

the county of Allegheny and State of Pennof a self-supporting fire-proof floor and ceiling construction embodying a unique assemblage of parts, whereby the construction will effectively resist the dead and live loads, before as well as after, the setting of the concrete or grout.

Another object of the present invention is to providea floor construction which may be readily built up, and which will reduce the amount of labor and materials necessary, as well as'providing a floor construction possessing a high degree of strength and fire protection.

A further object of the invention is to' provide novel means for supporting the tiles from the reinforcing bars, and which will enable the concrete to be poured between and over the tiles and reinforcing bars and then tamped, to bind the tiles and reinforcing bars firmly together.

It is also the object of the invention to dispense with the necessity of the usual props or scaffolding for supporting the tile-supporting and form or centering boards, so that the expense will be reduced materially, as well as saving considerable labor.

The invention comprehends the provision of sim le, inexpensive, convenient, practical and e cient means for supporting the tilecentering and concrete form boards from the reinforcing bars, the said means supporting the tiles and concrete, and being readily removable after the. concrete has set.

A still further object of the invention is' I the tendency for the said bars to bend or sag under the weight of the dead and live loads.

vThis invention also aims to provide peculiar, but simple and effective means for.

' a i t ti e i p e d ring r ning and tampin" of the concrete, and which will not present any obstructions or weakened portions after the completion of the \Vith the foregoing and other objects in view, which will be apparent as the nature of the invention is better understood, the present invention resides in the construction,i'arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter set forth, it being understood, at the outset, that the present structure is subject to alterations and changes within the scope of'what is claimed without do parting from the spirit of the invention.

The invention has been illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein Figure 1 is a planview of the improved construction, parts being broken away, illustrating the various stages of the work. Figs. 2 and 3 are sectional views, on enlarged scales, taken on the lines 2-2 and 3-3 of Fig. 1, respectively. Fig. 4' is a perspective view of the structure, a fragareas and shapes, according. to the circumstances 'andv which are arranged parallel with one another in the proper plane. .Inasmuch as it is frequently necessary to comply with building laws with regard tothe percentage of steel reinforcing employed in concrete floors, and the like, a careful selection of stock for the reinforcing bars is essential in order that the greatest supporting strength is possible with a minimum amount of reinforcing material.

The'reinforcing bars 1 preferably, although not necessarily, have their ends anchored or embedded within the walls 2 of the building, the walls being, of any suitable construction, and if desired, the ends of the bars 1 may be seated on I-beams 3, or the like, embedded within the walls 2.

The reinforcing bars 1 are supported at spaced points. by means of cross beams 4, terminally-supported by the. walls 2, and running underneath the bars 1 at right anglestherewith. The bars 1 rest upon the beams 4, and the beams are set sufliciently close together, to leave only comparatively short spans between the t aims, to avoid the flexing or sagging of th reinforcing bars intermediate the beams, or detrimental extent. The bars 1 may 62(- tend to any length desired, they being overlapped at their meeting ends, as at 5. The overlapped portions directly upon the beams. \Vi-res or straps 6 are passed below. the beams 4 and over the bars 1 to assist in holding the bars in place and to later assist in holding the concrete upon the beams. A series of carriers or saddles 8 is mounted upon each span of each bar 1, and are readily applied to the said bars prior to the placing thereof. The carriers or slides 8 may be in the form of castings, and are spaced suitably between the beams 4. Eye bolts 9 have their threaded ends engaged into the lower ends or bottoms of the carriers or castings, whereby they may be readily and effectively attached to the reinforcing bars, so as to depend therefrom to provide hangers. The hangers or eye bolts 9 of each series support a centering or form board 10, it being apparent that the eye bolts may be conveniently passed upwardly through apertures or holes provided in the longitudinal median line of the board, so as to be threadedly engaged to the carriers 8, in assembling the construction. The boards 10, which provide the tile supports, are h'un'g below the various spans of bars parallel therewith.

oughly support the boards 10 from the eye bolts, Washers 11 are preferably engaged upon the eye bolts so as to seat upon the eyes thereof to serve as stirrnps in connection with the said eyes, to carry the boards prop-' erly, and to reduce to a minimum, the tendency for the boards to swing laterally. 'Nails or similar elements 12 are driven into the boards 10 from above and intermediate the edges and median portions thereof, to constitute upstanding and detachable stops for spacing the tiles 13 from the bars 1. e tiles are arranged in series between the beams 4 and between the endmost beams 4 and the corresponding walls 2 of the building, the tiles of each series being disposed end to end and having their side portions rcstin upon the edge portions of the corresponding boards or supports 10. As will be observed, the tiles are positioned between the reinforcing bars, and may be expeditiously brought up over the bars 1 and then carefully laid in place, the nails or stops 12 being applied to the boards either before or after the tiles are placed. The nails serve to hold the tiles against transverse displacement during the pouring and tamping of the concrete or grout, and are inexpensive and extremely simple, as well as being non- -encumbering and'conveni'ent to apply to the boards. The tiles are thus supported upon and held in place over the boards in asimple, but eflicient manner, the spans of the reinforcing bars being sufficiently still or to any appreciable.

are preferably disposed,

the reinforcing To more thorings, or 0t er structures.

strong to successfully resist any appreciable forcing bars at intervals, whereby the spans of the bars 1 are practically independently carried by the beams 4. The bending moments of the materials must be carefully figured aforehand to guard against any depression of the reinforcing rods, beyond a safe degree, under the dead load, as well as the live load, which will not, of course, be great, during the building operations. A channelshaped form 14 is hung underneath each of the beams 4, with its sides projecting upward and resting against the ends-of the boards 10. Thus, the ends of the boards 10 abut against the sides of the forms 14, and the edges of the forms 14 and the upper-surfaces of the boards 10 are preferably flush. The edges of the forms 14 may thereby rest against the bottoms of the end tiles 13. The forms 14 are hung from the bars 1 by means of wire or other hangers 15 looped or otherwise engaged over the bars 1 at the sides of the forms 14, each pair of hangers 15; having a lower cross bar 16 upon which the bottom of the respective form 14 is seated. The hangers 15 being connected to the bars 1 adjacent the'beams 4 will relieve the bars 1 of the burden of supporting the forms 14, inasmuch as the forms will be carried by the beams, due to the proximity of the hangers 15 to the beams.

The foregoing structure may be erected or assembled'in a facile and expeditious manner, as will be apparent to those familiar in the art, and the construction will be comparatively inexpensive, and -thoroughly practical in its use. The structure is also such as to support itself without the aid of the usual props, scaffolding, or the like, it being understood, of course, that changes can be made in the details, within the scope of the appended claim, without departing from the spirit of the invention, in adaptin the invention to various build- Allowance must also be made under the various conditions for the use of materials of proper proportions, strength, and so forth.

After the tiles have been laid, and the other parts properly placed, the concrete or grout is hauled or carried up, andpoured over and between the tiles 13 and forms 14. The concrete is then tamped or packed to assure a homogeneous mass, and to perfectly bond the tiles together. The concrete fillings 17 between the tiles will embrace the reinforcing bars, the carriers 8, and the upper portions of. the eye bolts 9, and will be supported by the boards, which bards also form the bottom of the fillers 1 flush with the bottoms of the tiles, to thereby. finish the ceiling. The concrete over the tiles forms the floor surfacing covers the entire tile area or field. The concrete also fills the forms, so as to surround and embrace the steel beams, the concrete being held to the beams by the wires or straps 6. Furthermore, the concrete fillings 17 embrace the nails or stops 12. When the concrete has been ,properly worked or stamped, the same is allowed to set or harden for a suflicient period of time, inwhich event, the boards 10 may be removed, by forcibly unscrewing the eye bolts 9, to detach them from the carriers 8 and to withdraw them from the concrete. The forms 14 may also be readily removed by cutting or severing the hangers 15. The boards 10 and forms 14 may be repeatedly employed, on the same, or other jobs.

Importance is attached to the fact, that the nails which are driven into the center ing boards from above at the sides of the bars 1, not only serve as tile stops, but also serve as secondary supporting members when they are embraced by the concrete. Thus, when the concrete has set, the nails will be embedded therein, and will hold the centering boards up while the eye bolts are being unscrewed and withdrawn from the concrete. This avoids the dropping of the centering boards until they are pried loose from the nails, which can be done readily.

The floor and ceiling construction when.

completed, will be of maximum strength. Ordinary tiles may be, and preferably are employed, for carrying out-the present invention. The present invention saves considerable labor in the erection of the construction, and a saving of materials, such as props, etc., is also accomplished.

In the variation illustrated in Fig. 5, a reinforcing member of T section is employed, as at 1', and the carrier or slide 8' which fits below the member 1, hasits ends refiexed and engaged over the edges of the flanges of the reinforcing member 1. Otherwise, the details are the same as above described.

The modification depicted in Fig. 6 is somewhat the same as the structure illustrated in Fig. 5, and in addition, a channelshaped piece 12' is engaged to the shank or stem of the eye bolt 9, so that its flanges serve as stops-for the tiles and also prevent the board 10 from swinging transversely. When the nails 12 are employed, the boards 10 in being removed, will leave the tips or points of the nails projecting slightly, and they may be clenched or bent to one side, if desired or necessary.

Having thus described my invention, what is claimed as new is In a centering structure, parallel bars, centering boards disposed below the respective bars, a series of carriers mounted on each bar, a series of hangers engaged through the median portion of each oard and having their upper ends threadedly engaged to the corresponding carriers, the ban ers having lower stirrups upon which the ioards are seated, the edge portions of the boards serving to support tiles thereon, and u standing detachable members driven into the boards and arranged intermediate the edges and median portions thereof to serve as stops to space the tiles from the bars and being arranged to be embedded in the concrete poured between the tiles.

In testimon whereof I afllx my signature in presence 0 two witnesses.

ALFONS TREO.

Witnesses:

EDMUND B. Scnunrr, DAVID P. ANDERSON.

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