US1134623A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

J. F. KYTLICA. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 27, 1914.

Patented Apr. {5, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J I 17/" ("6910' P6 1 Joli n f.

In ver z iffi t' J. F. KYTLICA. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION EI,LD FMR. 27, 1914.

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APPLICATION FILED MAR. 27, I914. I

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHBET 3.

, [/1 TR JohnFW/iea.

cniosec, ILLINOIS.

I NTIELETIB L-CQIVIEUSTYGN ENGINE.

Specification of. Letters Eaient.

' Itmtentcd Apr. 6, 1915.

Application filed March 27, 1914. Serial Natal-585.

To all 107mm it may 0077.06 n

Be it known that I, JOHN F. KYTLIGA, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Com bustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines, in which a plurality of oscil lating pistons moving in opposite directions are used to drive the crank shaft of the engine.

Some of the more salient objects of my invention are to provide an engine of the above type in which the charge may be compressed before exploding the same, in which the power may be transmitted simultaneously to the same shaft by pistons rotating in opposite directions, and in which the mechanism for operating the intake and exhaust valves and the spark timing means, will be extremely simple and compact.

Other objects and their resultant advantages will become apparent as the nature of my invention becomes better understood from the following description and accompanying drawin s, in which- Figure 1 is a ongitudinal section of the engine of my invention complete; Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken through Fig. 1 centrally of the cylinder; Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the spark timing mechanism; Fig. 4 is an end view showing the intake side of the cylinder portion of the engine; Fig. 5'is an-enlarged section through the intake chambers on the cylinder and the cars I ing which houses the valve actuating iriech anism; and Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view of the piston of the engine.

In carrying out my invention, I provide a base frame 1, supportin standards 2 hav" ing journals 3 for the on s of a rock-shaft 4, which shaft 4 extends axially through the cylinder 5 of the engine. Rigidly secured to or formed integral with the shaft 4 and extendingradially thereof are a-phir of diametrically opposed pistons 6, each consisting of apair of parallel webs between which is arranged a compression spring member 7 and a pair of inter-engaging packing-pieces or cams 8, the outer faces of which bear against the inner face of the cylinder 5. Interposed between the shaft 4 and the cylinder, 5 on opposite sides of the said pistons 6 are a pair of segmental pistons 9,

which latter are movable relatively to the shaft 4 and the radially disposed pistons 6. 7

Each segmental. piston 9 has its opposite faces so disposed that at one extreme of its travel one of these faces will be close to, and substantially parallel to the adjacent face of one of the radial pistons; while at the other.

extreme of its relative movement, the other face of the segmental piston will be close to, and substantially parallel to the other radial piston. Also each of the said face portions of the segmental piston has a double wall housing two pairs of inter-engaging packing picesor cams and a spring member tending to separate the said pairs of cams, the

having a central crank 16 and a pair of cranks 17 diametrically opposite to the said central crank. The cranks 16, and 17 are connected respectively by pitmen 18 and 19 to the arm 14 of the casing-'13 and to a pair of arms 20 secured to the rock-shaft 4. Consequently, if the pistons 6 and 9 are moved in oposite directions by the explosion of a gas eous mixture between adjacent faces of the said pistons, the motion will be simultaneously transmitted to the crank shaft 15 by the pitmen 19 in one direction and by the pitman' 18 in the opposite directiomthereby rotating the shaft. Suitable slots 21 are formedin the cylinder 5 along the line of travel of the spacing blocks 12 to permit the oscillatory movement of;the segmental pistons 9 and casing 11 with respect tothe cylinder. The cylinder may be rigidly mounted to the frame work of the engine in any suitable manner, as by means of a bracket 22.

Each end of the cylinder 5 is provided with ahead plate 23, and a suitable packing ring 24- may be interposed between the head plates 23 and the ends of the pistons 6 and 9. One of the head plates 23, as shown in Figs. d and 5, carries fourintake chambers 25, each being fitted with a spark plug 26 and each formed with a port 27 leading into the cylinder, the said ports being so disposed as to admit the supply of gas between adjacent faces of the radial and segmental. pistons respectively. The inlet opening to each of the chambers 25 is coi'itrollctl by a valve in which normally kept closed by a sprinq 29 and which has a stem 30 projecting radially into a casing 31 formed on the head plate and concentric with the rocksha't l. Mounted Within the said casing 31 are lour pivoted. levers 32. each contacting Lvwr it true ontl with tho stem 30 of one of the valves 28 and each carrying}; a roller 33'. Loosclv mounted on the roc x-Fllfli t -ii is a rotatahle sleeve ll pro ided with a projecting; roller H5 which roller will siivcessivel ongage the respective rollers 33 when the sleeve Z-l-l rotated about ti e shaft 4-, thereby successively mo ingthe respective stems 30 against the pressure of the springs '22) and opening the valves To eliect the rotation oi the sleeve 3 and. roller 35' .i ii the sleeve to a g ar 36 loosely mounted on the shaft 4 and which is driven in the proper direction through a train o1 gears 37. the last of which being fixed to a shaft 38 rotatably mounted in suitable hearings to'the frame nork of the engine, and which in turn is rotated by the crank shaft 15 through gear wheels 3 and 40. The gear 36 also carries a metal disk 41 to which pivoted. a contact arm 42, said disk 41 rotating with the said gear. A! rangal adjacent ihe metal disk ll an insulatcd and stationary ring 43 provided with a plurality of contact plates 44 and binding posts wh ch are connected respectively to the spark plugs .26. The arm 42 is Continuously pressed in one direction by a spring 46, thereby insuring a good contact between the roller 47 carried by said arm and the contact plates 44, successively as the disk is rotated.

The head plate 23 for the opposite end of the cylinder is erpiippcd With tour exhaust chan'ihcrs "18. each having ports 49 leading from the cylinder 5 and controlled lay valves 50 actuated in in'eciscly the same manner as the val es 98 of the intake chambe s 225 through a train of gears 51 from the shaft 38.

To cool the engine, I preferably provide a Water cooling system of the siphon type. including clmmhers 52 connected to jackets partiallysurrounding the cylinder 5.

"It will be evident from Figs. 1 and G that the two pairs of relatively movable pistons afford four distinct compartments Within the cylinder, in which the cyclic action of the engine takes place successively and. which compartments have been designated respectively in Fig. 6 as A, B. and l) To trace this action it w ll be assumed that A? contains a mix'turc o'l air and gas under pressure. that ii is filled with the spent gases left From a prmious explosion. that ll has just been lilled with air and gas and that C has just been exhaustei'l' of products of coinbastion. The successive actions of the pits tons oil; then he as follows: 1st: I 'ntnre A. and D- firc A. compress D, exhaust B, ill C. 2nd: Mixture in D and. -.17 ll. coinpress L. exhaust A, till 3rd: (l and li lire (l, compress E, e a A A. 4th: i ii'ixture in ii and Atire coinpress i. xhaust fill D. A or vhi h th same c ole oi operations repeats its will lie evil lent from the cycli above tra cd that by usin so tons osci larinp; explosion of gas at one end piston will cause the othe. t .d ct L Ls ton to forcibly approach one of the pistons. thercl'iy either con'iprcssi ng charge stored. between the iwproachtngg; tonsjor expcllii'ig such spent gas as ina" ha. between the same. also, the conneccio tn een the opposed pairs of pistons will the exploding of the charge in an one the said four cliainljiers to effect an i- -:s:par. of the chamber dianntricallv l chamber in. which the ch: thereby enabling the said \X pilPii ll her to such a t're-"h charge into Thus. the succc. 'ive exploding;- oi ti in the consecutive chambers will enable 1. other chambers successively and i to empty then'isclvcs, till th compress their contents ready ignition.

To effect the desired. timing of or firing with respect to the positions of the pistons and the operating or metal disk -11 n (1y he moved Mlili it the insulated ring 43, thereby can ignition to occur either earlier or 1. desired. 1

To provide ample for the shaft, lilt pitn'icn' their fi-Olifit the same in he incloe" f in a casing at which t oil may he drain Ka "when i sarv by :1 ncl; 535. also to iiny 110, oi the cngine and to s1 to the crank shaft and its pilin shaft is provided vith a ily a ":1 turn may carry a clutch 57'. v

While'l have shown and described my invention in i preferrcd harm, it will he evident. that the 'arions 'Ieiails of construction disclosed may he Cilia (l in many. Ways without departing from vcntion. and l l'herei': limited e do not Wish to be to the exact structure shown.

Eel? 5T1: t. In an JUN-l ccmhustion engine, the I combination with a. stationarycylinder, of

.l. (3 al AC spirit of my in-y meeting the oppositely 'specti'vely to the said rockshaft and the said "rin around said cylinder and rigidly connected to the segmental members, and pitmen condisposed cranksre- 2 Inan' internal combustion engine, the combination with a stationary cylinder, of a rock-shaft extending therethrough, a pair of pistons rigid with. respect to the said shaft and disposed radially of the cylinder; a pair of segmental members movably interposed between the said shaft and the walls of the cylinder, each of the said members presenting walls disposed close to and substantially parallel with one of the other of the pistons between which the said member is interposed, according as the said member and pistons are at one or the other extreme of/ their relative motion; a crank-shaft carrying oppositely disposed cranks, an annular ring extending around the said cylinder and rigidly connected to the segmental members, spacing blocks interposed between said mug and the segmental members and Working in slots formed in said cylinder, and pit- .men connecting the oppositely disposed cranks respectively to the said rock-shaft and the said ring. I a

3. In an internal'combustion engine having a plurality of substantially" radially disposed and relatively movable pistons housed between a cylinder and the shaft extending axially through the latter, and having ports for connecting intake and exhaust pipes to portions of the cylinder disposed between adjacent faces of the said relatively movable pistons, means for controlling the said ports comprising a normally closed valve controlling each port, the said valves disposed outwardly of a cylinder casing concentric with the said shaft, each of the said valves having a stem projecting radially,

into the said casing; a plurality of actuating levers mounted within the said casing and contacting respectively with the said stems of the valves; a rotatin member loosely mounted upon the said 5 aft and adapted when rotated to successively engage the said actuating members to cause the latter successively to operate the said valves; and,

connections between the main shaft and the engine and the said rotating member for effecting rotation of the latter.

- JOHN F. KYTLIOA. Witnesses:

Cars. 0. TIELJYLAN, A. SPnnmrrs.

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