US113295A - Improvement in pin-locks - Google Patents

Description

AUeUs'r HERMANN ANDWAREEN n. TAYLOR,- on srAMEoED, CONNECTIQUE, As-

slenons'ro THE YALE Loon-MANUFACTURING COMPANY, '0E SAME PLAGE.

Letters Patent No. 113,295, dated April 4, 1871.

`lll/IPRVEMENT IN PIN-LOCKS.

To whom tt 'may concern:A

Be it known thatwe, AUGUST HERMANN and WAI;- nEN H. TAYLOR, both of Stamford, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented a 'new and useful Method of Constructing Key-Locks;

and we do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full and exact descriptin thereof, reterence being had to the accompanying drawing making afpartof this speciiication. l

The object of our invention is to produce a key lockwhich shall be entirely proof against picking; and' rlhe nature of the'invention is such as to make it applicable 'to many kinds and forms of locks, although in the accompanying drawing it is shown as applied to the well-known Yale pin-lock.7

In most locks, as at present constructed, security against picking is sought by makingintricate wards, by false notchingv the tumblers, by making avery close and tine gating, or in some' similar Wayybnt, by skillful and delicate manipulation, -all such locksinay be picked. y

The construction of our lock,-however, is such that while, in the ordinary sense ofthe term, it may be as i readily picked 2 as other locks, (by which expression we mean that its tnmblers ortheir equivalents may be set upon a gating,) the gating upon which it is possible to pick it is a false one, Yand does not permit the opening of the lock. In ether words, the true gating lis guarded'by the interposition of` a false one, and the component parts of the lock are-'so arranged that the application of pressure (which -is--the necessary concomitant of all tentative processes,.of.;,pickii1g) will be resisted by the partsl which co 1stitnteI ithe false gating, and cannot in anyway be applied to those' which constitute the true gating. v

ln the annexed drawing, representing, {i1-st, anad- -justable escntcheon (containing such parts-of the'lock 4as are acted upon by the key) for rim or mortise-latches,

and, second, a drawer-lock complete- Figure l is a front elevatioxrof said escutcheon. Figure 2 isa longitudinal section of same on the line A B.

Figure 3 is a transverse section on line C D. Figured: is a rear elevation of the plug B. Figure 5 is a side elevation of the same. Figure is a front and side elevation of rings K. 'Figure '7 isa'front elevation' of a drawer-lock.

VFigure 9' is a naar elevation of same.

v,Similar letters ofrei'erence `indicate corresponding Figure S5 is a transverse section of same on the line The Schedule referred to in these Lettere Patent and making part: of the same.

rlhe construction of th'e Yale pin-look being well known, a brief description ot' it here will be suficient. It consists of the shell or case A, containing a plug,

13, and a series-oi` holes formed partly in the shell and partly in the plug. Each oftheseholes contains two pins and a spring above them,l which forces thepins to the bottom of the hole.

rlhe insertionofy the key below these pins raises them, so'that the joint betwee'n the two pins-contained in each hole exactly coincides with the joint between the shell and plug, thus permitting the rotation of the latter, andthe unlocking of the lock through the instrumentality of the cam G.

The picking of a lock thus constructed is accomplished by applying a gentle pressure tending to rotate the plug B, thus forcing each of the pins against one side of its hole at the intersection of the shell and ilu(r and then feelin(r with a suitable )icking tool, l O7 D1 Q. I

which otl the pins binds7 the most.

By slowly raisingthe pins thus found the rotative pressurc'on the plug will cause the latter tcslightly `revolve so soon as the pin has been raised to the point at which the joint between its two parts coincides with the joint between the shell and plug, and by this slight revolution of the plug the upper portion of the pin will be held u'p. By now feeling ontA the pin which neit binds, it can in like manner be picked, and alter it the next, and so on until all of thc pins have heen'raised and the plug is free to revolve.

To guard against this method of picking we construct our lock with a series of loose rings, K K K', enveloping the plug, and intervening between it and the shell, and, furthermore, wc cnt in thc plug, on its upper side, and on each side of the pin-holes, two longitudinal stop-notches, J J, as' shown in iig. Il,

' Each of the rings K l is cut open, at one portion I of its circumference-tor a distance equal to the diameter of one of the pins E E, and the lock is so put together that the opening thus made is directly in line with and over the pin-holes in the plug.

Now, when the truc key is inserted, the pins E E arc raised so that the joints between them and the plus l" A F are flush' with the outside surface-ofthe rings KK, and coincident with the joint between the rings K l and shell A.

The plug is non' free to revolve by the action of the key D, and in so doing the pins E E, by reason of their vprojection through the cut-away portion of the rings maintained, the pin which binds cannot be raised tol this' joint without catching under the ring. By a skillful locklpick all the pins may thus be raised without great difficulty to the point at which -their several joints coincide with the joint between the plug and inside of rings, and the plug revolved. I It will be seen, however, that the plug now revolves within the rings, and that the latter remain stationary, so that the pins l F, being forced down by the springs above them, pass through the openings in the rings and bear against the periphery of the plug.

As the plug revolves the pins F F will now follow the outline of its periphery, and will enter the stopnotches J J and eifectnally arrest the further revolu-l tion of the ping. B, and so prevent the unlocking of' As ordinarilyi constructed these locks have the bottomo` the key-hole inthe plug left open, and we have found that a lock so constructed, even if provided with the rings K K, may be picked by applying rotative pressure. to the rings, one at a time, by means of a sharp-pointed instrument passed into the key-hole, and operating on the rings at the bottom thereof.

We therefore construct our lock with a plug, the keyhole.of which' is closed at the bottom, leaving the plug with the hole formed, as it were, inthe solid metal, thusplacing the rings completelyv beyond reach,

attempts at picking.

Although in the foregoing specification reference has been made only to the application of onrsaiety principle to the Yale pin-lock, itis evident that it is equally applicable to any'and all locks oi' any similar construction, and that, by suitable modifications, it can be applied to many other forms ot' locks.

Having thus described our invention,

.What we claim as new, and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with a movable part or plug, B, of one or more safety-rings, K K K. l

2. The movable part or plug B, when constructed with one or more suitably-formed holes, apertures, projections, or notches J J, substantially in the. manner, as and for the purposes described.

3. rlhe combination of a movable part or plug, B, having a key-hole formed therein, all the sidesf of which are eutirel y closed, save where the necessary apertures for the insertion of pins, sliders, or tumblers occur, and provided with one or more stop-notches, J J, with one or more safety-rings, K K K.

44:. The'combination of a movable part or plug, B, havingv thereon stopnotches J J, with tulnblers, pins,

greater than the thickness of the key D.

5'.- A safetyu-ing, K, one portion of the circumferor is raised, indented, or expanded, when constructed and used in the manner as and substantially'for. the purposes hereinbefore described. 4

AUGUST HERMANN.

W. H. TAYLOR.

Witnesses:

' HENRY R. Towns, A. W. RICHARDS.

4and rendering the lock proof against the mostskillinl or sliders E E, any of the dimensions of which are.

ence of which is wholly or in part removed or cut open,

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