US1132381A - Pressure-generator. - Google Patents

Description

E. B. PORTER PRESSURE GENERATOR. AYPLmATIoN rum) Amma, 1912.

Ptented Mar. 16, 1915` 2 SHEETSSHEET 11 f )AJ-Mai moslim;

E. B. PRTER.

PRESSURE GENERATOR.

fxPPLmATIoN FILED APR. 12, m2.

Patented Mal'. 16, 1915 2 SHBETSSHEET 2.

IN VEN TOR /Wc/'X fbffef BY i9, 0

ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELBERT BALL PORTER, OF PENN YA'N, NEW' YORK,

PRESSURE-GENERATOR Application led April 12, 1912.

T0 all Iwhom it may concern Be it known that I, ELBERT B. PORTER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Penn Yan, in the county of Yates and State of New York, have invented a n ew and Improved Pressure-Generator, of which the following is a full7 clear7 and exact description.

My invention comprises a system by means of which I produce a pressure medium to be used for power purposes; for example, as the motive agent in prime movers of almost any type; and it has for its primary object the generation of the required. pressure 1n a manner that will avoid all waste and losses and make available for the purpose menthe mixture is greatly enhanced in conse,

quence. The resultant pressure medium consisting of gases at a high pressure is then drawn oil and a plied as needed.

A further object of my invention is to cause the liquid taken up by the gaseous medium to undergo a preliminary heating before vaporization, so as to avoid lowering the temperature of the gaseous medium beyond a certain degree;and I so arrange the parts of my system that the radiation from the pressure generator is caused to have this effect. I thus conserve all the heat units generated by the process of conlbustion and am able to apply the entire amount of thermal energy stored up in the pressure medium to the doing ot' useful work.

My invention is especially adapted to produce a pressure medium which is capable of` serving the same purpose as steam, and which'consists mainly or largely of steam. To obtain such a medium I first generate gases "at high tempera-ture, and Cause water to be injected into the same, this water being immediately acted upon by the hot gases and vaporized. The resultant pressure medium will be of greatly increased volume and of Specification of Letters Patent.

Batented Mar. 16, 1915.

serial No. 690,322. l

sufliciently high temperature andfpressure to be suitable for the purpose mentioned; and it is conducted then from the place of generation to the point into which the Water is injected, I employ an apparatus that practically eliminates all waste and loss of heat, and enables me to dispense with the costly and inellicient furnaces and boilers that are commonly regarded as necessary in all steam power installations.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying tor to show the interior construction thereof.

I shall first describe those parts of my generator by means of which the gaseous medium which I produce is formed. The parts in question comprise one or more chambers o1' the necessary' capacity to which a gaseous combustible mixture is supplied and subsequently ignited, and the parts are so arranged as to be automatic in operation, v'causing the supply and ignition of the uel to occur at repeated intervals until the appax'atus is stopped. Such parts perform the initial steps in the generation of the pres sure medium.

In practice I preferably employ a pair ot alined cylinders having open inner endg with out-turned flanges 2. These flanges' are bolted to a central cylinder 3 and form therewith a closed central chamber 3. each of the cylinders l is a piston 4l, this piston et being hollow, as shown, and being of slightly less diameter than the internal diameters of the cylinder-sl, and each having a. flange or collar surroiinding the body thereof adjacent the compression end, which the bore of the cylinder snugly and prevent any leakage past the piston, as will be readily understood. The outer ends of the pistons 4 are closed and they may rest ir contact with each other, as shown in Fig. l, or they may be joined together or cast in one piece if desired, so as to make them move unison. Adjacent the abutting ends of the is grooved to receive packing rings that lit' l01 between the outer 4 the valve and fitting pistons 4 is a collar or conical ange 5 for each piston, and these flanges or collars are pierced by radial apertures 6 communicating with the hollow interior of the piston 4. Each piston 4 has apertures 7 through the walls thereof adjacent the compression end, and just forward of the collar carrying the packing rings.V The apertures 6, when they are uncovered, serve to'put the hollow interior of the piston into communication with the interior of the casing 3.

e compression ends of the pistons4 are closed by heads 4, which have screwthreaded engagement with the insides of the pistons 4, as shown. The outer ends of the cylinders 1 are closed bypartitions 8, which have screw-threaded engagement with the inside of the cylinders and have central apertures to receive valves 9. The valves 9 are beveled and theedgel of the apertures in the partitions 8 are also beveled to forni the seats for the valves; and to each of the valves 9 is connected a stem 10, which passes to the outside ofthe cylinder 1. Each of the valves 9 is also provided with a dashpot attachment to cushion the same on its opening movement, this dash-pot consisting of a plunger 1l carried by. the rear face of into-a suitable dashpot 12 carried by a cross bar 13. This cross bar 13 is mounted in a cylinder head 14, detachably secured to the body of the cylinder 1, and through this cylinder head 14 the valve stem 10 projects. This valve stein has a head 10 on its outer end and 'a collar end and the head 14,

. to enable the valve stem and the valve thereon to be operated. The interior of the heads 14 for the cylinders 1 constitutes compression chambers when the valves 9 are closed, and the combustible these compression chambers under pressure, to be ignited and force the pistons 4 to reciprocate. The interior of each of the cylinder heads 14 is supplied with combustible mixture'through a/port in the head 14, to which leads an inlet conduit 15. This con` duit 15 is connected to a suitable mixer or carbureter'lG. There is of course a carbureter 16 foreach cylinder 1, and each carburcter is connected to a tank 17 in which is stored gasolene or other hydrocarbon to be mixed .with air and form the charge. The carbureters 16 will communicate with -air pipes 18 containing check valves 18 and shutoff valves 191 Each from one of A.the carbureters 16 to the 2 of its associated cylinder, 1, into the central chamber 3. en air is `forced through the pipes 18 into the carbureters ilange the air carries a suitable'quantity of hydro- I the power is furnished erator. For the purpose of forcing air mixture is forced into of the pipes 18 leads centric with the pistons 4 and surround the saine and can slide vto some extent thereon, and they are mounted by screwing them upon the threaded ends of sleeves 22 which inclose the bodies ofthe pistons 4 between the flanges 5 and shoulders 22 formed by the collars on the compressionI ends of the pistons to receive the pacltirV rings above referred to. The sleeves re of slightly less length than the distance vbetween the flange 5 and the shoulder 22', to permit the sleeve to have relative movement with respect to the pistons, for a purpose which will be described later. When the piston 4 at the right moves to the right to take the position of the parts shown in Fig. 1, its flange 5, will engage the right piston 21 and move this piston and the sleeve 22 with it after the piston 4 has moved adistance equal to the space between the iange 5 and the end of the sleeve 22; and at the same time the shoulder 22 on the piston 4 atthe left will enga e the inner. end of the sleeve 22 of the le tliand cylinder, wardl with the piston afterA moving a distance equal to the space between the inner end of this sleeve 22 and the shoulder 22 on the left-hand piston.

The numerals 20 represent air inlet pipes which lead through the walls of the central cylinder 3 to the interior thereof to supply air between the pistons 21 and the flanges 2. Each of these pipes 20 has valves 20 thereinV to enable the amount of air taken in to be controlled. The pipes 20 will also contain the usual inlet check valves. ,e

Each of the cylinder heads 14 carries a suitable igniter 23, the igniters being pref- 'ump-spark type and being supplied with current from high tension coils, the'priinarics of which are energized by batteries xand circuit closers in the usual The circuit closers consist of movable contacts 24 and fixed contacts 25, the former being actuated by projections carried by cross bars 26 on rods 26, of which there are two pairs, the members of each connected to one vof tlie pistons 2l and passing through suitable stufling-boxes in the flanges 2 of the cylinders 1 for this p ur ose. The cross bars 26 are perforated an receive the outer ends of the valve rods 10, these cross bars being located between the heads 10 and the collars 101 on these rods, to actuate the same when the bars 26 are moved. The bars 26 thus serve to control ignition and to control the valves 9 likewise. may make the parts 10,101 and 26 adjustable, so vas to be better able to regulate the operation of the apparatus. This is apparent to every one skilled in this art. l

27 are apertures or ports located ineachl pair being and move this sleeve 22 outcompressor-cylinder 3 to the space between the pistons 2l. On the top of this ring is bolted a casting 50. This casting has a bore 51 through the same, into the ends of which the pipes 33 are screwed; and 52 are openings or recesses leading by way of ports 53 through the surface of a valve seat 54 in the top of the casting, this valve seat receiving a Valve 55. There is free communication around the Walls of the bore 51 from the `space above the valve 49 through the recesses 52 and ports 53, and out through the Valveseat 54 when the valve V55 is raised, so as to permit any gases between the pistons 21 to pass around the Walls of the bore 51 past the valve 55 when the same is open. The valve 'is provided with a valve cage 56 bolted to the top of the casting 51, this valve cage being in the form of a short section of piping, and in the end of this section is screwed a delivery pipe 57, which leads to the reservoir or equalizer chamber.

Before taking up the detailed description of the operation of my generator ,from one end of the process of pressure generation to the other, it is to be observed that the pistons 3 and 4 are intendedto do no Work except to supply air and hydrocarbon to the inside of the cylinder heads 14. The pistons 4 Yactuate the pump pistons 21, and the valves and igniters are so controlled as to admit and lire the combustible mixture at the proper points n the cycle. The operation of the pressure generator is thus automatic and continuous. Most of the gases flow out through pipe 31, receiving liquid from tank 46 and converting the same into steam g and this takes place at both ends of the apparatus as will be understood. A small part of the gases passes by Way of ports 7 and S into the space be tween the pistons 2] and into the conduits 57 through valve 4.( Ars stated above the conduit 57 leads to sure medium is not stored therein; it is simply led into the same, and inn'nediately Withdrawn therefrom to be used in the production ofpower, either by means of an engine or in some other Way.

operation oi' my invention is as follows.: Suppose the two pistons 4 to be in the position shown in Fig. l, that is, at the right-hand limit oi their movement. As soon as the piston 4 at the right has moved the bar 26 connected to the rods 26 joined to the piston 2l which surrounds the righthand cylinder 4, the valve i) will be unseated, and as the right-hand pump piston 21 has compressed the air between the same and the flange 2, foreingthis air through rthe pipe 1`8, in the course of the movements of the pistons 4 and 21 to the right` a combusti-- le mixture under pressure has been stored in the head 14 of the right-hand eyllznfwr. lmost immediately after the cross-har f5 In question has forced the operating valve a reservoir, but the presstem 20 to open the valve, the projection carried thereby Will close the contacts 24 and 25 to close the ignition circuit, and this Will result in a spark at the igniter 23, to re the charge. It Will be understood that I may use an ordinary vibratingcoil to energize the igniter 23, for this purpose. The result is that the explosive mixture under pressure in the head 14 ignites and flows out past the valve 9 and moves the piston 4 to the left. As soon as the Flange or collar providing the shoulder 22 on the piston at the right uncovers the port 27, a part of the burnt mixture will pass up through the pipe 29, it being understood that at this time the inner end of the sleeve 22 and the shoulder 22 are in contact with each other to close the iperture 7, the piston 4 having moved to a sailicient extent to close the space between this shoulder 22 and the inner end of the sleeve 22. The burning gases thus How out through the pipe 29 past the check valve 29 and into the space between the inner surface of the head 34 and the conduit 36, forcing back the piston 4l. This piston thus has a pumpingr action upon the Water between the same and the closed end of the head 34., and the result is that some of this water is forced through the ports v42 into the conduit 3G and up as far as the head of the valve 35. At the saine time the pressure of the gases is exerted behind the valve 35 through the apertures 38 in the head 37, moving this valve to open position against the action of the spring on the outer end of the same. The gases and water thus mix, and this mixture passes into the casing 50. As the pistons continue their movement to the left, the port 28 will be opened and the bulk of the burning gases will pass out through the pipe i 3l into the coupling 32, mixing with the gases containing the Water, and the entire volume of the charge mied with the steam formed inthis Way Will force the valve 55 from its seat and pass out into the delivery pipe .'7, n

It will be understood that the Water injected into the coupling 32 will be vaporized` by the hulk of the gases passing through the pipe 31, and that the gases passing through the pipe 29 serve mostly to force the Water into the body of said gases. At best only a small part of the Water is vaporized by the gases in the pipe 29.

As the 'piston 4 at the left moves into the left hand cylinder l, the left-hand pumping piston 2i willv be forced toward its pipe 1S and carbureter .16, to force 't'uel into the head li of the left-hand cylinder. As soon as the rods 2G carrying the bar 2G close the circuit of the ignition devices at the left, the gaf-es in the head o1" the left-hand cylinde:- uill be ignited and the same operation will be reieeated, -it will he noted that the bar 26 of the .right-hand cylinder will :ausi: the Vvalve of the right-hand cylinder t, rione as t`oon as the pistons have moved 'ar ein'uffh to :nalin the bar j engage the Collar lo -is stated al'iove. the sleeves ar'lo slightly Shorter than the distance between the flanges 5 and the flanges or shoulders 22. )onsefluently.I when the piston l in the righthand cylinder returns into its` Cylinder the ilange 5 will not inove the piston Q1 until the piston i has moved to such an extent that the sleeve will uneover the port 7. The llanu'e :32"

is of less width than the diameter of the port 28, and when the flange or collar passes this port 28, any residual burnt gases in the right-hand cylinder' 1 will pass around the flange 22 and through the apertures 7 to the inside of the right-hand piston. 'illnese gases will pass out through the open ing il in the llange 5 to the space between the pistons 11, and when the pressure of the gas in between these two pistons 21 is high enough. the valve 49 will be lifted, and these gases will pass up after the other gases into the pipe 57, flowing through the apertures 52 and the ports 53, and through the valve seat in this way. As the righthand cylinder piston continues its inward movement, the sleeve 22 will pass the ports 7 and 28 until there is no further How from the interior of the cylinder 1 through the port 4.aeh sleeve of course covers the port 7 in its respective piston when the piston mov es outward.

The cylinders 1 between the valves 9 and the heads 4 carried by the pistons 4, forni expanding ehalnbers into which the burning fuel expands after being ignited. The head 3l with the valve 35 therein constitutes an injector or aspirator through which warm water is supplied to the burning gases which pass into the connection 33. The water forced out past the valve 35 by the pist-.on ll actuated by the gases flowing through the pipe or conduit Q9, and these gases also flow through the apertures 38 to litt the valve from its sea.; and the water which flows out past the valve when the valve mores from its seat is vaporized liv the body ot' the gases passing through tiol pipe 3l and converted into steam.

lt will be understood that cheek valves will be employed in connection with the .-:zrlaireter 1G to prevent the explosive mixture wl'ien ignited from firing back into the :farlaireters. and these check valves may be conveniently located in the pipes 15. It `will be noted that the plunger 11 fits snugly in the dash-pot 12, and when one of the pistons through its engagement by the flange with the pumping piston 2l causes the cross bar 2G to open one of the .valves 9, the pressure of the burning gases inside the head 14 will be great enough to hold the valve open, even when the pistonstarts on its outward stroke; that is, this pressure will hold the plunger in the dash poi l'. until the greater part ol" the gases has been disehareed troni the inside ol' the head 1l through the partition 8 into the of, linder l, and out through the ports 2T and 355 to the delivery pipe 57. (ln the return slroiv'e ot' eaoh piston the greater part of the exhaust gases remaining in the cylinder 1 is discharged through the apertures` 7. the in terior of the piston and the apertures il, taking this path around the flange or collar 22 it passes the port 2b., which will of course have the required dimensions to make this Inode of operation possible. ylhe burnt products of combustion remaining in the cylinders l can thus he cleared out of the ovlinders.

It will be noted that the valves il are opened by the bars lo engaging the lli-,ads 10 when the pistons are at the inner ends of their Strokes. lien the i'iistons are atthe ends of their outstrohes the valves are llosed by the bars i engaging the Collars 101. As each of the pistons starts on its stroke the valve 9 thereof will be held to its seat by the gases entrapped het een the dash-pot 12 and plunger 11. and the pressure of the gases between the partition 8 and the head l" will ngt rise to a sulieient extent to lift the valve 9;' owing to tile fact that these gases will flow around the flange 22 and into the easing 3 between the pistons 21, as above described. When the flange Q2 passes the port 27, whatever gas remains in the cylinder 1 is of course Compressed, but by the time the e0mpression reaches a sufficient value to torce the valve l) olf its seat, the bar 26 will be almost in position to engage the head 10 and open the valve any way. ln other words, the combustible charge will have been tor-eed into the interior of the head 14 and be ready for ignition. so that. even if the valve 9 should open a little before the head 10 is engaged by the bar 2G. the operation of the apparatus would not be interrupted. Ignition would take place as soon as the circuit is closed by the projection on the bar 9G foreing the contacts Q4 and Q5 together. lV may attach a counter to be operated by the rods 23 to record the number of strokes of the generator, and l may use compressed air as a starting agent. The compressed air may be stored in separate tanks, eaeh ot which will be connected to the easing 3 through one of' the flanges 2 by a suitable conduit having a valve therein. 'vhen the tanks are filled the valves can be closed and the air thus stored in the tanks allowed to flow into the easing 3 against one or the other of the pistons Q1, to eonnnunitaite motion to one ot the pistons "l for the first one or two strokes, after which the compressed air can he cut olf and the apparatus allowed to operate in the usual way. The position of the rods 26 will Vindicate the end to which the compressed air is to be directed at first to set thevpistons 4 in motion. In practice I intend to' use my power generators in batteries of fromI three to ten, having them all discharge into a common equalizer chamber or reservaat The pressure medium will be drawn fromthis reservoir and used` in engines of variouskinds, and the motive agent which the gases produced by my generator constitute, will do away with the necessity of furnaces, stokers, boilers and other apparatus which have heretofore been necessary to use in steam powen plants, ships, etc.

I claim as one of the most important advantages attending the use of my invention, that by means of my genfgsrator I can save and make available for power purposes all the heat energy of the gases generated. The hot flames and gases resulting from the explosion takingup the water from the aspirator create steam, and the water which is used in the production of steam is given its preliminary heat by passing it through the water jacket of the power cylinders l. The amount of heat ,thus necessary to converting the water passing through th'e aspirator into steam vapor is reduced, and the mixture of steam and gases of combustion retain the largest possible amount of heat in their passage through the delivery pipe 57 to the equalizer chamber, and thence to a point where they are to be applied` The capacity of the entire apparatus can be regulated by means of the valves 19, 30 and 45. The valve 19 will regulate the amount of air passing through the carburet'er 16 and thus the amount of fuel, and the valves 30 and 45 will regulate the amount of water that is converted into steam to be mixed with the gases passing out through the pipes 3l. i

The valves i0" which admit air to the air compressionchambers are the most important part of the control of my generator. These valves regulate the quality of the combustible mixture and thus determine how much water can be vaporize'd by my appa- ,ratus It will now be clear wherein the advantage and utility of my invention resides. The mechanism shown and described can of course be greatly varied and simplified; andin fact l. desire to reserve to myself the right to use any apparatus which will enable me to generate pressure in the manner above disclosed. l employ the internal combustion principle, but I utilize it in such a way that the thermal losses that are incurred with apparatus of this general type are entirely obviated. ln an ordinary gas engine thc major portion of the heat developed by combustion is thrown away in tle exhaust or absorbed by the cooling liquid. l utilizal and apply the heat oit' the exhaust from the cylinders 2 to create steam, andr I utilize the water jackets of the apparatus to warm the water used to form steam. Thus what are usually considered as serious drawbacks in the employment of the usual kinds of. internal combustion apparatus are converted into positive advantages in my invention; and a highlyeiective pressure medium is obtained at a very low cost, and withthe lowest possible waste` and loss of heat, liberated in the process.

I wish to have it Lunderstood that the above description and the drawings accompanying the same illustrate but one embodiment of my invention, and I do not care t0 be limited to the details thereof, but Wish to reserve to myself the right. to make such changes in the shape, size and arrangement of the parts as fairly falliwithin the scope of my invention, according to the manner in which. the same is defined in the accompanying claims.-

Having thus described myinvention, I

claim as new and desire toxsecure by Letters Patent:

l. A generator comprising a cylinder having a piston therein, a compression chamber at one end of said cylinder, meansfor closing communication between the said compression chamber and said cylinder, means operated by the piston to open the cham` ber to the cylinder at the inner end of the piston stroke, and an igniter in said chamber.

2. A generator comprising a cylinder, a piston therein. a compression chamber in one end of said cylinder, means for forcing combustible mixture "into said compression chamber means closing communication between the chamberV and the cylinder. and means operated by the piston at theHinner end of the stroke to allow the mixture when ignited to pass into the cylinder to force. the piston outward, and an igniter in said chamber.

3. In a generator, the combination of a cylinder having a piston -therein. a compression chamber at one end of said cylinder, means for forcing combustible mixture into said chamber, a valve for closing communication between the chamber and the cylinder.- means operated bv the pistou to engage the valve and lift the same off its seat at the inner end of the piston stroke, and means operated by the piston to ignite said mixture, whereby. when the mixture is ignited and the valve opened. the burning gases will pass into the cylinder behind the piston to force the same outward.

y4. ln a generator. the combination of a cylinder, ai'piston therein, and a 'chamber at one end of said cylinder communicating therewith. means for forcing a combustible mixture into said chamber under pressme/ said means being connected to said piston and operated thereby, and an igniter in said chamber.

5. lin a generator`r the emnhiuaion 0f a eylinder having u pistou therein, sind eylinder having an npr-n inner end, :i pump easing adjaeent the npen inner end of the cilindert a piston in :said punip easing, a pre siire eliainher in the nppusiie end ni' the ci'linderi. and a eonduii, ailiirding ifuiiunir niealiiin between said puni,` caring and said prehsiire elriunlier, said puiiip pif-ten hein Y eiinnei'ted in he Lylinder pisiiin and (iperated tlierehy to force the eumhuriihle nnxw Mire inte the prerisure clianilierA (i. A generatur eiiniprisiiifj a evlinili-r hai'-l iner ii pieten lherein, said cylinder liaiiiifr one end open. a piinip easing attarhed n) the said end nlj the (.-yliiider` a pump pi iun in said iiunip mining` said punip pinyin nein; euncenii'ie with said cilinder pifiliin :inii wir erat'ed therehy. :i pressaure elialnlier ai, the oppnfziie end nl' the eilinflii', an air duet communicating with the punip cilinder tu discharge air nilo lhe efizipie z inn eluinilier` and a earliuieifr ihri'iug'li i\'hii:l1 #eid air passes tu l'i'irui a eiinihustilile mixture fin its way to said prewure eliiiniher.

'i'. ln a gfi'fiierfiiir`r fue emuhinatinn 0i a iiforliing' Cilinder, a ini-.tun therein, a puri in said eylinder, a water injeetur iir aspiri tor` a pipe eunneeiiug said purl Ui said a+- piratur. and means for supplyingr euniliuu tihle mixture tn Said cylinder and hul'uing the, same hehiiid Said pistnn td finire the Same outward. said {iifteii nn its nutiiard movement nnem'erinii said puri' and alleVF ing the hurning ga tu pass hi'iiug'h the, pipe to the asep'ramr tu aid the i'inw el water through Said injector.

8. In 2i generatori ihn eiiinliiiialilin of :i working ehaniliifr,y a pielun muraille therein,

a port through tue wall uf Said cylinderT a waiter ineeliu' or asi'iiratur mui ii nu a v i Y pipe having a i'iiii'i-ihiaeu eni'h :i ronduit.

uiih siaid apiraiiiix series of ii'ienings 'in viinunununiting with eunnerting Said pfirt said pipe having a he Seat? 0f Said Valve., said eiiiduii, uherelii. *when a efunlfiistihle mixture is huri'it heliind the piinn.y the saine will liey ffii-eed iiiitiiiard. and pari Ui' said fawn `\\'ili pass up through the conduit and through the, openings in the injector past the waive and'its Seat, a second port lnfzited lievi'ind the firnbnamed puit in the direction 0i' travel of the piston, u Ypipe e0nneited in Said seeondmamed port. the outer end of said pipi?, minimunii-atinu with the discharge end of said afa 'iati'ir` and :i i'iile controlled delivcri/ pipe ifiinniiuiiieiiting iiili Said huit-named pipe and `:laid zifiiiriiiifr.

whereby mi lie fii'ihf-if mi #il ii'iiii'eiiivi i in, ill" grenier pari u! ilie hui* ing: threw n charge. end of the injector to vaporize the water siii'iplied tlierethruuigh, the mixture of lint ,ifi and Hearn passing out through the delivery pipe,

il. Iii a power generator, the combination iii' a (Zylinder` :i pi tun moving therein7 said pinion li:i\'inir a cireiinil'erential flange at its inner end, ii puri ihriiugzi. the ii'all (if the eli'linilei ailiarent the enil 0l the outward stroke (if iiii piniiii. :i delivery pipe and nii-,ans lin' ennui-Ling uuid deliver;v pipe with .said purl.. iiliereliy the 'liiiining giises will ewapithrough ihr aiil puri when the piston iininies thi` :mine iieiii: the outer end of itS strfilie. :iid jiisiiin liiiiiug a pafeiage thereiliriiiieii. une eii1l nl" wid pans. ge heilig l0- i iie 'iiiiihinalinn of a pair nl' iippiiied eiliziiii-rs. *he :iiljaeent ends iill eeiiil ifi liuili-rsy ha fing ierally-extending ilangw-i. a i'yiinder miu'ieeliufjy `aid flanges liiiiniipg :i eeuiprewiim ilianiliici', a piston in enf-h ii" the ngipiieiiil ri'liiiders, a pstnn surrrifniiling earli 'il' ,said pi iiin.-, .said secondnaiiieil pistiiiis-i heini; ifiixiiird in the elinipl'essinn ilniiulwr. 'iid ei'iinpreriiin pistons lieing; invizihle with fspeet Iii li 1 pifaiiin in the pum-i i'gi'linilerfi a pair iii fit connected t0 eaeli -il`v ffaid eiiuipressiin phius and passing iiui. through said harige: ahingz the yaides (if the panier Qviinders. izrnwrhai's; Conner-,ted t0 the inter end?` uf eaeh :if Said pair Of Iuds, and nieans operated hy sind (Toss hars tn control the operation (if said power pistons and said immpresisinn iiiriteiffi 11. in a gener-awr, ldie i: 4iiihination (if means 'for forming heaied ai, s ini-au,C uperaied h v the preusnre nl' the ,Qasww im' izup l plying liquid tu :siiid ,gases t@ he i'apiiri'fe'. hy the heat iii' the feiiiiie.

lll() ducting said Water through the water acket to heat the` same before the same is vaporized by the gases. l

13. In a generator, the combination of a combustion chamber, an air chamber at one end of the conibustion chamber and hai/inge'v valved controlled outlet, a steam and as .chamber above the air chamber and provi ed with a valve seat and ports leading through the valve seat, a valve on said seat, and a chamber between the airand steam. and gas chambers and with which the said ports in the valve seat eonnnunicate.

14. The combination of a cylinder inclosing a Working chamber, a piston moving therein and having an annular collar adjacent its inner end, the remainder of said piston beingr of less diameter than. the cylinder, said cylinder having an exhaust port to per mit the escape of exhaust gases when the piston is at the end of its out stroke, said port being of greater diameter than the width of the collar to permit the exhaust to continueafter the piston starts on its return stroke.

15. The combination of a cylinder inelosing a Working chamber, a piston having) a collar at one end, the rest of said piston eing of less diameter than the cylinder and being hoilow, said cylinder having an exhaust port in position to be overrun by the piston at the end of its out stroke, and said piston having y,apertures leading inte the same on one .side of the collar, said collar being of less width than the diameter of the exhaust port, wherebyvthe exhaust can continue after the piston starts on its return stroke, and part of the same pass through the apertures in the piston and escape by anchamber, the pressure of said gases holding the vaive in open position.

17. In a generator, the combination of a power chamber having a, piston therein, a compression chamber adjacent said power chamber, a piston moving in said compression chamber, said compression chamber having an outlet, and a passageway leading through the first piston to permit part of the exhaust gases from the powerv chamber to pass through the outlet in the compression chamber.

1n testimony whereof I have signed my naine to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, K

ELBERT BALL PORTER.

Witnesses ERNEST R. Boaownu.,

CHARLES Bi SHAW.

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