US1131980A - Railway-traffic-controlling apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

P. J. ACKERMAN.

RAILWAY TRAFFIC CONTROLLING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED 1330.1.1913. I

Patented Mar. 16, 1915.

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F. J. AOKEEMAN.

RAILWAY TRAFFIC CONTROLLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.1, 1913.

Patented Mar. 16, 1915.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFTQE.

FRANK J. ACKERMAN, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE UNION SWITCH & SIGNAL COMPANY, OF SYVISSVALE, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

RAILWAY-TRAFFIC CONTROLLING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 16, 1915.

Original application filed. November 11, 1912, Serial No. 730,543. Divided and this application filed December To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, FRANK J ACKERMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvanimhave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Railway- Traffic-Controlling Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to railway traliic controlling apparatus.

The present application is a division of my copending application filed Nov. 11, 1912, Serial No. 730,5d3, for railway traffic controlling apparatus.

1 will describe one form of apparatus embodying my invention and will then point out the novel features thereof in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is diagrammatic view showing one form of apparatus and circuits embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a view showing in end elevation one form of circuit controlling device showndiagrammatically in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the line III- III of Fig. 2.

Similar reference characters refer to simi lar parts in each of the several views.

Referring first to Fig. 1, A designates a trailic controlling device, here shown as being a railway switch, which is actuated by an electric motor I) through the medium of a suitable actuating mechanism F. P designates power mains comprising wires 11 and 12, which mains are supplied with current from a source 10, here shown as being a battery, and from which mains current is supplied to the motor D by means of a suitable operating circuit. This operating circuit is controlled directly by a circuit controlling device G, located preferably adjacent the switch A. This circuit controlling device is governed by a control circuit which includes contacts operated by a manually operated lever C, usually one of a plurality of levers of an interlocking machine, as explained in my co-pending application of which the present application is a division. 1

The switch operating mechanism F which I have here shown may be briefly described as follows: Operatively connected with the Serial No. 803,925.

armature 13 of motor D is a screw 15 which coacts with a longitudinally movable nut 16. This nut is rigidly connected with a plate 18 provided with a cam slot 20, which latter coacts with a roller or stud 17: this roller or stud drives a bar 19 connected with the movable rails of switch A. Theplate 18 carries four cams 30, 31, 54, and 57, which actuate respectively circuit controlling contacts 32, 83, 52 and 58 for purposes hereinafter explained.

The lever C, as here shown, is of a usual and well known type comprising an oscillating shaft which operates contacts 21, 22, 25 and 26. The contacts 21 and 22 constitute a pole-changer for reversing the direction of current in the circuit controlling device G as hereinafter explained. The movements of the shaft 70 are governed by return indication devices K and K each of which comprises a segment 27 mounted rigidly upon the shaft 70 and provided with a dog 28 which engages with a latch 29 operatively connected with the armature of an electromagnet N or B. Each of these electromagnets is provided with a separate indication circuit extending from the lever (J to the switch A, which circuits are traced in detail hereinafter. The contacts 25 and 26, which serve to control the circuits of indication magnets R and N, are not moved during the first portion of the movement of the shaft 70 up to the point at which it is stopped by the dogs 28 but during the remainder of the movement of the shaft the contacts 25 and 26 are reversed in position. This operation of contacts 25 and 26 is obtained, as here shown, by mounting the contacts loosely on the shaft 70, and by moving them by pins 78, 74, and 76 carried by disks 71 and 72 fastened to the shaft 70.

Referring now to Figs. 2 and 3, the circuit controlling device Gr comprises a polarized relay having magnets 77 and 77, and a neutral relay having magnets 85 and 85*. The cores of these magnets are all mounted in front and back plates 84 and 7 9 of non magnetizable material. The magnet cores of the polarized relay are connected by a soft iron back-strap 87 interposed between the back plate 79 and the magnet spools;

and the magnet cores of the neutral relay are similarly connected by a soft iron backstrap 88 interposed between the front plate 84 and the magnet spools. The magnet cores of the polarized'relay are provided with pole-pieces 80 and 80 which are mounted on the cores and are held in place by nuts 128 and 129. A polarized armature 82 is pivotally mounted on a pin 83 carried in a soft iron head, and is adapted to oscillate between the pole-pieces 80 and 80. The mat r 8 is polarized. in, y uitable manner; as here shown this polarization is accomplished by means of a permanent magnet. 91 mounted in the plates 84 and 79. and passing through the head 90. The back strap87 extends downwardly and surrounds the permanent magnet 91 as shown in Fig. 3. The permanent magnet 91 and head 90 are held in place by nuts 92 and 93 screwed upon the threaded ends of the permanent magnet 91. Mounted upon the upper end of. armature82 is a bracket 94 0f insulating material which carries contact fingers 95 and 96. These fingers are riveted in slots in suitable blocks 97 and 98 secured to the bracket 94 by screws 99. The upper ends of thesefingers cooperate with contacts 100, 101, 102 and 103 which are mounted in a suitable block 104 of insulating material carried by upwardly reaching arms of front plate 84. It will be seen that when the armature 82 rests against pole-piece 80 (the position shown in Fig. 2), fingers 95 and 96 engage respectively with contacts 101 and 103; and that when the armature 82 is reversed in position so that it rests against pole-piece 80, fingers 95 and 96 will engage respectively with contacts 100 and 102. Contact fingers 95 and 96 are electrically connected, by means of wires 132 and 133 respectively, with terminal posts 134 and 135 which are mounted in a block 136 of insulating material carried on arms 137 projecting forwardly from front plate 84. Secured: to the armature 82 is an upwardly extending locking segment 34, the upper edgeof which is provided with a dog 35 by'n eans of which the armature may be mechanically locked in either of its extreme positions, that is, against either of the polepieces 80 or 80, as hereinafter explained.

The magnets 85 and 85 of the neutral relay are provided with pole-pieces 36 (only one of which is shown) located at the OPPO- site end of the magnet from the pole-pieces 80 and 80 ofthe polarized relay. These pole-pieces 36 act upon a neutral armature 37 carried on the vertical arm of a bent lever 38, which lever is pivoted at 39 to suitable arms 44 extending upwardly from the back plate Mounted upon thislever 38 by means of insulating studs 46 is a contact finger 45 the lower end-of which co-acts with a contact block 47 mounted on a block 48 of insulating material, which latter is secured to suitable lugs on the back plate 79. Con tact 45-47 is closed when the relay 85 85 is energized and open when the relay is deenergized. A horizontalarm 150 of lever 38 extends along the top of the device and co-acts with the dog 35 to control themovemerits of armature 82. This arm 150 is guided to move vertically by a suitable slot in a lug 140 formed on the upper edge of the front plate 84. WVhen relay 85 is deenergized, th v 1. .9 by grav ty in the bottom of the slot in lug 140 and on one side or the other of the dog 35, so that the armature 82 is. thenlocked in whichever position it occupies. But. when the relay 85 is energized, thereby attracting armature 37, the arm. 150 is raised sufieiently to allow dog 35; to pass under it, and the polarized armature 82 may then be reversed.

The. permanent. magnet 91 is provided with a winding 89. for the purpose of maintaining and reinforcing 171161111X of this magnet. This winding may be energized at times in a manner which will hereinafter appear.

Referring. again to Fig. 1, the control circuit for the windings of polarized relay 77-:77 is as. follows-from positive main 11 through wire 40, contact 21, Wire 42, windings 77 and 77, wire 106, contact 45-. 47, wire 41, contact. 22, wire 43, to negative main 12. It will be seen that this circuit includes contact 45 which is operated by the neutral magnet 8585 and that there fore this circuit is closed only when the neutral magnet is. energized; It will be seen also that this control circuit includes the pole-changing contacts 21 and 22, and that, therefore, when the lever C is reversed in position, and contact 45 is closed, the direction of current through the polarized relay windings will be reversed;

The windings 85 and 85 of the neutral relay are connected in series, and are provided with terminals 50 and 51. One of these terminals 50 is connected withcontrol wire 41, and the other terminal 51 is connectedwith either the positive or the negative power main 11 or 12 by contacts 52 and 53. WVhen contact 53 is closed, as shown in the drawing, this terminal 51 is connected with the negative main 12 through resistance 116, contact 53 and wires 111 and 59. When the switch A is reversed in position so that contact 53 is open and contact 52is closed, the terminal 51 will be connected with the positive main 11 through resistance 114, contact 52 and wires 58 and 109. It will be seen, therefore, that relay 8585 will be energized or not according as its two terminals are connected with power mains of different polarity or with the same power main.

InF-ig. 1 I have shown the switch A in what I shall herein term its sition, and the other parts of the apparatus in the positions corresponding to this position of the switch. With the parts in such positions, both terminals 50 and 51 of neutral relay 85-85 are connected with the negativemain 12, hence this relay is deenergized and is consuming no current; contact 45 is therefore open, so that the control circuit for the polarized relay is open and this relay is therefore consuming no current. When it is desired to move switch A to its other position, which I will herein term the reverse position, the shaft of lever C is rotated in the direction of the arrow until the dog 28 of indication device K engages latch 29. This movement reverses the position of polechanging contacts 21 and 22, thereby connecting wires 41 and normal po- 42 with the positive and negative mains 11 and 12 respectively. Terminal 50 of neutral relay 8585 being connected with wire 41, is now connected with the positive main 11; and since the other terminal 51 of this relay is connected with the negative main 12, current now flows through windings 85 and 85 so that the neutral relay is energized thereby raising the arm 150 out of the path of dog 35 and closing contact 45. The closing of contact 45 closes the circuit through the windings of polarized relay 7 7, and since the pole changing contacts 21 and 22 are reversed, the current flowing through the polarized relay is now in such direction as to reverse the position of armature 82. The reversal of armature 82 reverses contacts 95 and 96, so that operating current is supplied to the motor D through the following circuitfrom positive main 11 through wire 60, winding 89, wire 62, con tact 95, wire 65, motor armature 13, wire 66, contact 96, wire 67, contact 33, wire 68 and 69, motor field winding 14, wire 59 to negative main 12. This current passes through winding 89 in such direction as to reinforce the flux of the permanent magnet 91, thereby assuring that the flux of this magnet shall be maintained. Winding 89 is preferably of low resistance so that it will not greatly reduce the motor current. The motor D is operated by this current in such direction as to actuate the mechanism F to move switch A to the reverse position. As soon as the motor has moved the plate 18 a short distance, contact 52 is closed, so that terminal 51 of the neutral relay is then connected with both the positive and negative power mains through contacts 52 and 53 respectively, but this does not de'energize the neutral relay 85. A circuit is then closed from positive main 11 through wires 109 and 58, contact 52, resistance 114, resistance 116, contact 53, and wires 111 and 59 to negative main 12, but the current in this circuit is small owing to resistances 114 and Both terminals of the 116 hence this circuit does no harm. When the movement of the switch A to the reverse position has been completed and the switch rails have been locked by the end portion of cam slot 20, contact 33 is reversed in position by dog 31, thereby opening the motor operating circuit; at the same time contact 53 is reversed by dog 57, thereby disconnecting terminal 51 from the negative main 12 and leaving it connected only with the positive main 11 through contact 52.

neutral relay windings are then connected with the positive main 11, so that no current flows through these windings and the relay therefore opens. Lever 38 falls, thereby locking polarized armature 82 in the position which it now occupies, and opening contact 45 which opens the control circuit of the polarized relay so that this relay then becomes deenergized. It will be seen, therefore, that as soon as a movement of the switch has been completed, the consumption of current by the controlling device G ceases. The reversal of contact 33 closes an indication circuit through magnet R as follows-from positive power main 11 through wires 109 and 110, contact 33, wire 107, contact 25, wire 55, magnet R and wire 56, to negative power main 12. Current in this circuit energizes magnet R which raises its armature, thereby raising latch 29 out of the path of dog 28, so that the movement of the lever C may then be continued to the end of the stroke. 'During this last portion of the movement of lever C, contact 25 is re versed, thereby opening the circuit of magnet R, and contact 26 is also reversed thereby closing at that point the circuit for magnet N, so that the circuit for this magnet may be closed at the switch after the latter has again been moved to its normal position.

The movement of switch A from its reverse position to its normal position would be similar to that just described. For such movement the direction of the control current through the polarized relay winding is again reversed by contacts 21 and 22, and contacts 95 and 96 are then moved back to the position shown in the drawing. A motor operating circuit is then closed through motor D as follows: From positive power main 11 through wire 60, winding 89, wires 62 and 64, contact 96, wire 66, motor armature 13, wire 65, contact 95, wire 112, contact 32, wires 113 and 69, field winding 14, wire 59 to negative power main 12. This current passes through armature 13 in the opposite direction to that hereinbefore described, so that the motor then operates in the proper direction to move the switch A to its normal position. After such movement has been completed, indication magnet N is energized in a manner similar to that hereinhefore explainedrfor magnet It, andthe movement of the lever be completed.

Onev important feature. of switch control? ling-apparatus and circuits embodying. my invention; isthat no. current is consumed by the apparatus except when the switch is being moved. But in spite of this, if thelever. 38 be raised by hand and the polarizedarmature 82 shifted to energize the motorto move the switch to the position opposite to tlrat corresponding to control lever; G, then when the parts are left to themselves the circuit controlling. device will automatically operate tobringthe switch back to the position corresponding to the position of the control lever. For example, with the parts in the positions shown inllig. 1, if lever 38 is raised byhand and thearmature 82 shifted to the opposite po-v si tion, contacts 95 and 96 will close the motor circuit and the switch will be moved towardthe reverse position. If after. the switch operating mechanism has been moved. far enough to close contact 52, the parts are left to themselves, the neutral relay 85-85 will be energized because its terminal 50 is connect-ed with negative: main 12 andrits. other terminal 51 is then con- ,nectedwith positive main 11. 'Hence armature. 8-2 will be unlocked and the direction of current through the polarized winding is. such that this armature will be returned to. the position shown in the drawing, thereby shifting contacts 95 and 96 to cause the motor to return the switch to the normal posltlon. V

Although I have herein shown and described only a t'ew forms and arrangements of apparatus. and circuits embodying my invention, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made therein within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I. claim is:

1. In combination, a railway traflic con trolling device, an electromagnetic device responsive to reversals of current for controlling the said traffic controlling device, a source of current, a pair connected with said electromagnetic device, a pole-changer for reversibly connecting said conductors with the source, a contact included in one of said conductors, a second electromagnetic device controlling said contact, one of the terminals of said second electromagnetic device being connected with one of said conductors, and means controlled by the trafiic controlling device for connecting the other terminal of the second electromagnetic device with one pole or the other of the source, the two said terminals being connected with the; same pole when.

U can then the position of the.

of conductors thetraflic controllingdevice;and. the polechanger occupy corresponding positions whereby atsuclrtimes.neither of. said elec--. tromagnetic-. devices; is consuming. current In combination, a railway train-c controlling. device, an electromagnetic. device IQSPOHSlVGntO reversals of current for controlling thesaid traflic. controlling device,

a source: of current, conductors. connected:

source, a contact included in one of. said.

conductors, and means controlled by the traflic controlling device for opening said contact when the trailic con-trollingv device. and the pole-changer occupy corresponding positions whereby at suclrtiines no current is consumed. V

L'In combination, a railway traffic controlling device, a source of current,.a polarized relay comprising an armature, con tacts and connections controlled .by said armature for controlling the trailic controlling device;

with the w-lnding ofthe said'arelay, a polechanger for reversibly connecting said conductors with the source, a neutral relay a contact of which is lncluded 1n one of the said conductors,,one.oi the. terminals of said a pair of conductors connected 7 neutral relay being connected with one of 7 said conductors, contacts and connections operated by the traflic controlling device for connecting the other neutral relay terminal with one pole or the other of the said source, the said terminals being connected with the same pole when the trafiic controlling device and the pole-changer occupy corresponding positions.

5. In combination, a railway traflic controlling device, a motor for actuating it in reverse directions, a sourceof current, a polarized relay comprising an armature, contacts and connections controlled by said armature for supplying current from said source to the motor to cause the latter to operate in one direction orthe other according to the position ofthe armature; a pair of conductors connectedwith the winding of said relay, a pole-changer for reversibly connecting said conductorsv with the source, a magnet, an armature controlled thereby and adapted to lock the polarized relay armature in either of its control positions, one terminal of the magnet being connected with one of said conductors, contacts and connections operated by the trafiic controlling device for connecting the other terminal of the magnet with one pole or the other of the source, the said magnet terminals being connected with the same pole when the trafiic controlling device and the polechanger occupy corresponding positions.

6. In combination, a railway traiiic con trolling device, a motor for actuating it in reverse directions, a source of current, a polarized relay comprising a permanent magnet and a polarized armature, contacts and connections controlled by the said armature for supplying current from the'source to the motor to cause the latter to operate in one direction or the other according to the position of said armature, a neutral relay, means for supplying current to the winding of said neutral relay; a circuit for the winding of the polarized relay including the source of current, a pole-changer and a con tact of the neutral relay; and a winding for the permanent magnet for maintaining the flux therein, said last-mentioned winding bein included in circuit with the motor.

I. In combination, a railway trafiic controlling device, a polarized relay comprising an armature, contacts and connections controlled by said armature for controlling the traflic controlling device, a source of current, a circuit for the winding of said relay including the source of current, a polechanger for reversing the connection of the said winding with the source, a magnet, an armature controlled by the magnet and adapted to lock the polarized relay armature in either of its control positions, one terminal of said magnet being connected with the said circuit between the polarized relay winding and the pole-changer,and contacts and conductors controlled by the traiiic controlling device forconnecting the other terminal of the magnet with one pole or the other of the source according to the position occupied by the trafiic controlling device, the two said terminals being connected with the same pole of the source when the traflic controlling device and the pole-changer occupy corresponding positions.

8. In combination, a railway traffic-controlling device, electromagnetic means responsive to reversals of current for controlling said device, a source of current, a pair of conductors connected with said electromagnetic means, a pole-changer for reversi= bly connecting said conductors with the source, a relay, a contact of which is in cluded in one of said conductors, one terminal of said relay being connected with one of said conductors, contacts and conductors controlled by the trafiic controlling device for connecting the other terminal of the reling said device,

the other of the source according to the position occupied by the traific controlling device, the two said relay terminals being connected with the same pole of the source when the traffic controlling device and the pole-changer occupy corresponding positions.

9. In combination, a railway trailic controlling device, electromagnetic means responsive to reversals of current for controlling said device, a source of current, a pair of conductors connected with said electromagnetic means, a pole-changer for reversibly connecting said conductors with the source, a magnet, an armature controlled by the magnet and adapted to lock the electromagnetic means, one terminal of said magnet being connected with one of said c0nductors, contacts and conductors controlled by the trailic controlling device for connecting the other terminal of the magnet with one pole or the other of the source according to the position occupied by the device, the two said terminals being connected with the same pole of the source when the said device and the pole-changer occupy corresponding positions.

10. In combination, a railway traffic controlling device, electromagnetic means responsive to reversals of current forcontrola circuit for said means including a source of current and a polechanger, and a circuit controller-adapted to control said circuit and governed by said traflic controlling device and by said polechanger. v 1

11. In combination, an electromagnetic device responsive to reversals of current and including a permanent magnet, a railway traflic controlling device controlled by said electromagnetic device, a circuit for said electromagnetic device including a source of current and a pole-changer, a circuit controller adapted to control said circuit and governed by said railway trafiic controlling device, and a winding for the permanent magnet, said winding being also controlled by the electromagnetic device.

12. In combination, a railway traffic controlling device, electromagnetic means for governing said device, a circuit for the control of said means, a relay adapted to control said circuit and to also lock said electromagnetic means, and a circuit for said relay governed by said traflic controlling device.

13. In combination, a railway traflic controlling device, an electromagnetic device responsive to reversals of current for controlling said traffic controlling device, a pair of conductors connected with said electromagnetic device, a source of current, a pole changer for reversibly connecting said con ductors with said source, a relay for controlling said electromagnetic device, one termilay with one pole or Cir n a'l of said relay being connected with one of said conductors, and means controlled by said traihc controlling device for connecting the other terminal of said relay with one pole or the other of said source.

14:. In combination, a railwaytrallic controlling device, an electromagnetic device responsive to reversals of current for controlling saidtraflic controlling device, a pair of conductors connected with said electromagnetic device, a source of current, a polecha'nger for reversibly connecting said conductors with said source, relay for controlling the circuit of saidelectromagn'etic de vice" and for mechanically locking the' movable member of said electromagnetic device, one terminal of said relay being connected with one of said conductors, vand means controlled by said trailic controlling device for connecting the other'termin'al of said relay with one pole orthc other ofsaid source;

15. In combination, an electromagnetic device responsive to reversals of current, a railway traffic controlling device controlled thereby, a circuit for said electromagnetic device including a source of current and a pole-changer, a contact included in said circuit, and means controlled by said polechanger and by said trai'fic controlling device for causing's'aid contactto' be open or closed according as said pole-changer and said traffic controlling device do or do not occupy corresponding positions.

16. In combination, anelectromagnetic device responsive to reversals" of current, a railway trailic controlling device controlled thereby, a circuit for said electromagnetic device including a source of current and a pol'e changer, and means controlled by said pole-changer and by said trafiic controlling device for opening or closing said'circuit according as saidpole-clianger and said traific controlling device do or do not occupy cor- V responding positions;

1'7. In combination, an electromagnetic device" responsive to reversals 01 current, a railway trafiic controlling device controlledthereby, a source ofcurrent, a pole-changer for reversibly connecting said source with said electromagnetic device, and means for disconnecting said source from or connect ing it-With said electromagnetic-device according; as the pole-changer and the traflic controlling device do or do not occupy corresponding positions.

Copies of this patent may be obtainedfor five cents 18. In combination, an electromagnetic device responsive to reversals of current, a railway traffic controlling device controlled thereby, a circuit for said electromagnetic device including a source of current and" a pole-changer, and means for deenergizing or energizing said electromagnetic device according as the polerchanger and traffic controlling device do or do not occupy corresponding positions.

19. In combination, an electromagnetic device responsive to reversals of current, a railway traffic contro'lling' device controlled thereby, a source of current,"a pairoi conductors connected with said" electromagnetic device, a pole-changer fo'r reversibly connecting" said" source with said conductors, a relay having a front contact included in one oi" said conductors one terminal of said relay being connected with one of said conductors; means controlled by said trai'lic controlling device for connecting the other relay termi nal with one pole or the other of said source the relay terminals being connected with same pole of thesou'rce when" the electromag neticdevice' and the pole-changer occupy cor responding positions.

20. In combination, an electromagnetic device,- a railway trailic controllingdevice controlled thereby, a circuit for the controlof the electromagnetic device, a relay'ior controlling said circuit and for mechanically locking the movable member of said electromagnetic device, and a circuit for therel'ay controlledby said tiaflic controlling device.

21. In combination, an'electromagnetic'device responsive" to reversals of current, a railway trafiic controlling device controlled thereby, a source of current, means for re'- versibly connecting said" source with said electromagnetic device, and meanscontrolled by the traiiic controlling device and'by the current reversing means for controlling the supply of current from said source to said electromagnetic device whereby the elcctroa magnetic device is deenergized whensaid trafli'c controlling'device and tliecurrent' reversing means ,occupy corresponding positions. V

In testimony whereof I a'lhx my'signature' in presence of two Witnesses;

FRANK J. AGKERMAN. Witnesses V. H. Racnann, F. W. Errs.

each; by addressing the commissioner of Patents;

Washington, 1:; c.

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