US1130091A - Program-clock apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

,F. F. LANDIS. PROG-RAM CLOCK APPARATUS. APPLIOATION FILED sEPT.12,19o6.

1,130,091, Patented Mar.2,1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

YHE MORRIS PETERS Cov. F'HoToYL/Tno.. wAsHlNcroN n c,

Y 1*. P. LANDIS.. PROGRAM GLOGK APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12,1906.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

atten/nut witwassen M, ffm! X2, Q4 1941,@

rHE MORRIS Palau/5 C., PHOTD-LITHO., WASHINGRJN. D

NTED STATES ATENT lllitllt.

FRANK F. LANBIS, OF WAYNESORQ, PENNSYLVANIA.

PRQG-RAIlLCLOCK APPRATUS.

Application filed September 12, i906.

To al /tfiom it' may] concern lrnovvn that l. FRANK F. Lannis, a of the United States residing at l oro, in the county oi' Franklin and State of Pennsylvania, have inventec` tain ner.' and useful improvements in ljro grain-Clock ipparatns, of whichV the tollowing is a specification.

My said invention consists in various improvements in the construction and arrangement ot p: rts oil a program clock apparatus. whereby the ase olf springs, which have been ore a source ot trouble and disadin sach mechanism is entirely obviated and such an apparatus is provided ol comparatively few parts, simple l nd durable in its construction, and posi ive and re able in its operation under all condias will be hereinafter more fully n and claimed.

to the accompanying drawings which ai made ay part hereof and on which similar r terence ciaracters indicate similar parts, Figure l is a side elevation or' a program clocl; apiiaratus embodying my said invention. Fig. top or plan View ot the saine, Fig. 3 a` horiaontal section looking downwardly from the dotted line 3 in if l, and Figs. ll, (i, 7, 8 and 9 detail vie illustrating different parts of the apparatus on an enlarged scale7 as will be hereinafter more particularlyv pointed out.

ln sait drawings the portions marked AY represent the base and supporting frame oit the apparatus, B the program cylinder, C the cylinder carrying the Contact arms. D an automatic program switch or calendar cylinder, ll a. post forming part of the iframe and carrying the terminals on one branch. or.' the electric circuit for operating the signal system. through the program apparatus and G a dash-pot.

.lhe trame comprises the base A, which is a of suitable size having supports for the bearings for the various parts, as will be hereinafter' pointed out, and top casting A carrying the bearings for the apperends ol' the several journals, said top leing rigidly supported at a suitable distance above said base by the posts A2 and E, each ot which is rigidly secured to the base at the loiver end and to the top piece A at the upper end by having a screw-threadd part extending through perforations in Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

serial No. esaaaz.

said top piece with nuts a2 and e, respectivelv, thereon.

The program cylinder B is preferably or brass. or other material forming a goed electrical conductor. and is provided with a central hollow aXis b by which it is journaled in bearings in the parts A El of the traine. The lorfer end of said axis is a solid ift and rests upon balls a inoanted in a socket in the top of a standard a formed in in ap"L ropriate position on the top ot base Al. lts upper end is provided with a solid end om formed with a socket into which a ball on the lovfer end of a. sliding pin al is ins rted- Said pin a4 is adjnstably secured in a perforation in the top part A of the frame and is adapted to be raised and lovfered to vary the adjustment by means ot' a set-serev a5 as most clearly illustrated in Fig. G. Said program cylinder maj,7 be formed With as many program sections as desired. The one shoivn contains three. Each program consists of twelve circumlntial roivs of 'nity holes each, arranged in vertical rovvs a short distance apart and adapted to receive the contact pins Each sectiony of said cylinder is thus adapted to have a separate program arranged thereon so that the apparatus 17Vill be adapted for sounding signals in tliderent places. or at ditierent times according to dillierent programs. as will be hereinafter more fully described. On the top ot' said program cvlinder is provided a dial plate B divided into sixtv parts by indicator points7 each point indicating a. minute and the entire dial one hour. the ten minutes divisions ot which are indicated by the numerals l0, 20, SO, l0, 50 and 60. On its lower end it is provided With a ratchet Wheel 'B2 containing cogs, each cog being arranged between the vertical rows el' holes in the program cylinder.

The contact cylinder C, as shown, is formed in three duplicate sections, or one for each program section of the cylinder B. Each section consists of a brass cylinder mounted upon a central shaft C Which is journaled at its lower end in a socket in the top of a standard a on base A and at its top is connected with the top plate A of the frame in the saine marmer as shown and described Yfor the bearings of program cylinder l) Each of said sections is insulated from the shaft and from the others by an insulating plate o,- as shown most clearly in F ig. 8. Each section is provided with metallic contact arms c secured thereto and Y extending ,out therefrom a distance to enable them to contact with the contact pins g) on the program cylinder B when extending toward the aXis 'of said cylinder. There are twelve of said arms arranged in a spiral direction around each section and disposed vertically to correspond with the vertical arrangement of the twelve circumferential rows of pin holes in the corresponding program section of cylinder B. ylhey are spaced ,circumferentially to divide said cylinder into twelve equal spaces representing twelve hours which are indicated by Aof said shaft which clamps said plate against the top insulating ring o and secures the several parts of cylinder C together. A ratchet wheel C3 is mounted on the lower end of the shaft C adjacent to the lower y end of the lower cylinder C provided with twelve teeth, each of which is arranged immediately beneath one of the contact arms c. Said ratchet wheel C3 is formed with a disk c3 on its lower edge having a single gear -tooth upon one side for a purpose to be presently described. Each section of cylinder C is e formed with a circumferential groove gto receive one end of a spring contact arm 40.

'l` he automatic program switch or cali endar cylinder D is preferably of wood or otheinon-conducting material journaled in the frame by means of pivots inserted in its top and bottom, the top pivot ZS being journaled in the part A in a similar mang ner as the shaft of cylinder B is journaled, or in any approved manner, and its lower end being supported upon a standard a7 on the base A. A short standard Z9 Vprojects up from the top of standard al and has a pin d10 set eccentrically in its top. Said standard (Z9 may be rotated in its seat and held in adjusted-position by a set-screw (Zu. The top of pin r 10 is spherical in forni and rests in a socket in the lower end of cylinder D, or the hub of wheel D on its lower end, thus permitting said` wheel to be adjusted in'relation to wheel 'C3 as may be necessary to secure perfect operation. Said cylinder D is provided at intervals with metallic collars or rings Z corresponding with the number of programs to be operated. Each collar is formed with fourteen equally spaced pin holes adapted to receive contact pins d. 0n itsV lower end it is provided with'V adial plate D- containing fourteen notches representing the seven days of the week and each day divided into two part-s of twelve hours each, or night and day, the programs being ordinarily arranged to continue from 6 in the morning until (l oclock at night and then changed from 6 oclockat night until G olclock in the morning, or the signals be suspended altogether between these hours.V Ilfhe pins d are adapted to contact with the outer end lof spring contact arms ell when extending in a direction at right angles therewith.

rlhe post E has a series of binding posts e hereon, to which one wire e of each elecsignal circuit is electrically connected, binding posts being insulated from post nl. Said binding posts are preferably arranged in pairs and a metal plate e2 is attached to each pair and each plate carries one of the contact springs al, which projects across the side of cylinder D alongside one of the collars Z thereon in position to contact with one of the pins d in said collar when the parts are in correct relative positions. 0n the face adjacent to cylinder ricV id l said post E has another series of binding posts et, also arranged in pairs (see Fig. 7) each of which screws iiitoa block of insulating material e5 by which it is insulated from said post. This arrangement is illustrated in section in F ig. 3, and the saine construction is used in mounting the binding posts e. A metal plate e is also secured under each pair of said binding posts le* and carries one of the Contact springs 40, each of which is in the forni of a i'iglit-angle, one arm resting in the groove g in the top of the adjacent section of cylinder C and the other arm resting in a similar groove g in the adjacent collar Z on cylinder D. The other wire rtf-0 of the signaling circuit is connected ldirectly to base ri, which complet-es the cir` cuit through the signaling devices and the program cylinder when one of its pins j) is in contact with one ofthe arms o', and one of the arms Lll is in contact with one ofthe pins d. l

The magnets F are a pair of any suitable electro-magnets mounted on suitable supports or posts a on the top of base A and connected by line fires w and fw with the circuit closer (not shown) operated by the master clock (not shown).

rfhe operating mechanism will now be described. rl`he armature F is mounted upon an arm secured rigidly on a rock shaft which is journaled in suitable bearings in standards L10 and a on the base A. A lever 3 is rigidly mounted on said rock shaft 2 and is connected by a link il with the lower end of a lever 5 rigidly secured` on a rock shaft 6. An arm 7 is also rigidly secured on said rock shaft Gland has the outer end of a l Ci meager a sliding pawl 8 connected therewith by a pivot 9; The forward end 10 of said paul 8 is adapted to ride over the top side of the ratchet Wheel B2 and engage With the teeth thereof. Said paul 8 is provided with an arin 11 rigidly secured to it and extending at right angles therewith which has a tooth 12 forined on its outer end which is adapted to engage with ratchet Wheel B2 but against the opposed side of a tooth that is about 90O from the tooth against which pawl 8 acts. The end of arin 11 meeting the opposed side of a tooth from that which the end of paWl S is in contact when it stops insures the stopping of the wheel at exactly the saine position at which paWl S stops preventing all possibility of the 'wheel racing ahead of the position Where the .inoveinent of paul 8 ends. Another arni T2 is rigidly secured to the opposite end of roch shaft 6 and is formed of goose-neel; shape, as shown in Fig. 5, and extends down through an opening' in the top of an inclosed dash-pot G, being connected by a link 18 with a sliding piston G in said dash-pot. Said dash-pot consists of the outer casing G having a top G2 inclosing the saine provided u'ith an opening gs through which said arni T2 extends. in internal cylinder G3 is mounted Within said casing G upon bottoni gg which is supported upon the bottoin of the casing G by a circumferential flange provided with a series of openings g2. Said bottoni g is provided 'with a central opening in which is mounted a valve held centered by guides y upon the bottoni side of the valve the guides of which extend down through said opening. cross bar g extends between' the louer ends of two of said guides, said bar extending to beyond the face of said guide to limit the lift of saidA valve and an arni extends across beneath said cross bar, one end of which is provided With a screw-threaded perforation which engages the lower end of a screw-threaded rod G which extends upwardly through an opening in one side of the top G2 and is provided with a hand Wheel by which it may be turned. Thus, by turning said hand Wheel the end of the arni G5 inay be raised or lowered to strike bar g4 and the drop of valve G'1 thus .varied to provide a great-er or less opening through the bottoni of the cylinder when the piston G is falling. The casing G is filled with a iiuid of a character least affected by change of temperature, such as glycerin, and, in operation, after the piston G has been raised, the time of its descent inay be Varied as desired by adjusting the arin G5, which varies the opening left unt said valve after g* strikes arm G5, as will be readily understood. The inner end of paul 8 rests between upright fingers a on a bracket supported on the top a standard om. A. paWl 1st. is pivoted between said lingers beneath said pawl 8, its forward end being adapted to engage the underside of the ratchet wheel 2 and behind the teeth thereof with the top side of which the end 10 of said pau/l S engages. The rear end 15 of said lever is weighted to keep said paul normally in engagement with the teeth on said ratchet wheel.

The shaft C" carrying the cylinder C is normally locked in a lixed position by a paul 1G containing a tooth 17 in position to engage the notches of the ratchet uli-cel C3. Said paWl' is connected by link 18 with a weighted lever 19 piroted in a. bracket on the top of a standard all", which thus adapted to normally hold said paul the face of said ratchet Wheel to secure its engagement. in arin 9.0 arined `vwith pawls 21, and mounted by ineans of a balland-socliet Vconnection on the top of a standard which is connected with a right angle casting 2% supported by a ball-and-soclot connection on the top of a standard on the base A. From the other angle of part 2d exten s. an arin 26, on the outer end of which is mounted a heavy Weight 27 which is connected loosely by a linlf 28 to a standard 29 on the ba se fr, said li Q8 being of a length to hold said Weight toward the side of the cylinder in the direction of the ope ation of the pauls. n arni SO secured to the side f the post A prevents undue upward inovement of said arin 20 and pin El extending up froni the base l prevents undue hachward rnoyeinent thereof. arin 2O is pivoted to an arin 50 by a pivot 51 and said arin is in turn piyoted on the top of a standard on a stand extending` up from base A. lt- Will thus be seen that the increment of said arin 2O is permitted to be very loose, without any binding action, but at the saine tiine it held at all tinies toward the ratche\J Wheel C* and its inner end is held at all times to rest against the edge of a cani 32 mounted upon the shaft of the cylinder l, beneath said cylinder. lu the position shown in Fig. 3 the parts are in engaged position but as said cylinder B revolves said cani 32 operates to gradually force said arin QC' outward, disengaging the pawls 21 and 33 frein the ratchet wheel C3, which, during` this increment, is held locked by the pau'l 16 and the tooth 1T thereof engaging with the opposite side of said ratchet Wheel When said cylinder B rotates until the point B-t of The inner eno of lltl to throw said arm 20 forward and toward the cylinder C, the pawl 22 striking the forward end of lever 16 releasing the tooth 17 from engagement with the ratchet wheel C3, but at the same time engaging pawl 33 with therrear side of the tooth on the opposite side of said ratchet wheel, and, through said pawl, forcing said ratchetwheel and the cylinder C around one notch, the pawl 21 falling into the next notchin said ratchet wheel, to arrest the movement, and the tooth 17 into a notch on the opposite side to lock said ratchet wheel during the next operation.

The master clock being arranged to close the circuit through wires w and w', in the usual or any approved manner at each minute period, magnet F will be energized each minute, the armature F attractedto the poles of said magnets, which will operate to rock the shaft 2, and, lthrough the link 4l, draw the lower end of the arm 5 inward rocking the shaft 6 and throwing the upper end of the arm 7 outward, which will pull the'pawl 8 to drag its point 10 over the top of the tooth on the ratchet wheel B2 next behind the one with which its forward end has just been engaged, so that said point 10 will drop behind said next tooth. The cylinder B is held from being moved backwardly during this'V operation by means of the pawl 14: which is held into engagement with said ratchet wheel by its weighted end 15. The arm 11 with the pawl 12 on its outer end is also withdrawn by this motion of pawl 8 from engagement with the edge of the ratchet wheel and said wheel and cylinder B thus left free to rotate in a forward direction. During this operation the arm 72 has been drawn upwardly by the movement of shaft 6 which through the link 13 lifts the piston G', the fluid in the surrounding casing passing through the valve opening undervalve G4 freely into Vthe cylinder G3 beneath said piston during this operation. The electric circuit then being broken and the magnets de'e'nergized, the weight of said piston G operates to cause the same to fall, forcing the fluid beneath it in cylinder` G3 outthrough the space between said piston and cylinder and through the opening under valve G4, said opening bein@ adjusted by the screw rod G15 to time the descent of said piston as desired. As said piston descends it rocks the shaft 6 forward, carrying with it the arm 7 andrpawl 8, the forward end of which is engaged with the rear side ofV one ofthe teeth of ratchet wheel B2 and operates to push cylinder B forward.V As said pawl 8 advances the arm 1l advances therewith, carrying the pawl 12 on its outer end into the space between the next two teeth of the ratchet wheel B2 and stops the forward movement of said cylinder when it has advanced exactly the space of one tooth. The pawl 14 is, at the same time, passing under the tooth which was Y back of it and will fall behind saidtooth by reason of the weighted end 15 .asf soon as said cylinder is advanced one space, thus preventing any backward movement of said cylinder. Any racing or back-lash7 of the cylinder is thus effectually prevented. The cylinder is thus locked in both directions until the magnets F are again energized at the completion of the next minute of time and the operation repeated. By adjusting the valve G4 it will be seen that the time required for advancing cylinder B one space will be regulated to cover as many seconds of the minute as desired. Thus-the forward movement can be continued over a space of iifty seconds or even fty-five seconds without interfering with or endangering the results of the operation of the program apparatus. The movement being thus made gradual and steady, the strain and wear upon the parts is reduced to a minimum. At each minute movement of the cylinder B the cam 32 on the lower end of its shaft operates to push the arm Q0 outward until said cylinder has completed a revolution covering the space of one hour, atrwhich time the weight 27 operates as before described to advance cylinder C one space, which, as shown in Fig. 2, would bring 9 on the dial C2 to the position shown ror 8 and would indicate nine oclock. The arm 0 just in use would also be thrown out of contact position and the next arm be brought into contact position, which arm would be opposite the next lower circumferential row of holes in the program cylinder and this row would have pins arranged at the periods of time during the hour between 9 and 10 oclockwlien it is desired to have signals sounded. The operation thus continues throughout the period of twelve hours. At the completion of each twelve hour periods, or at six oclock in the evening and again at six oclock in the morning, the tooth on the wheel C3 is brought to the position shown in Fig. 3 in engagement with one of the notches in the disk D of the bottom of switch or calendar cylinder D and as said cylinder C makes the next movement of one 'notch said disk D and cylinder D is also moved a period of one notch, which will serve to change the circuit through the signal apparatus from one program to another, according as the pins CZare arranged in the collars (l to connect one or the other of said programs with the signaling system.

The operation of my said invention may v be further recapitulated as follows The contact pins 29 being arranged in the different program sections of the cylinder B so as to contact with the contact arms c on the cylinder C at the times desired for sounding the signals, and each ofthe sections C being electrically connected in the circuit of the signaling device to be operated by the program, said signals will be sounded as the program cylinder B revolyes to bring the contact pins 7? into contact with the contact arms c", as will be readily understood. ln to arrange the contact pins p in the respective program sections as desired, the dials B and C2 are to be consulted. By referring to Fig. 2, it

will be seen that when cylinders and C are in the relative position shown it is S :30 ocloclr, either at day or night. rEhe hour being indicated by the dia- C2 and the minutes by the dial B. The pointer A5 supported on the top A ot the frame with an arm extending across the space between the edges ot said dials will marl: the relatiye positions. It it is desired to sound a signal at S olcloclt and fty minutes a contactpin g? is placed in the same circumterenti al row ot holes in the program cylinder immediately beneath the indicator point 50 on the dial B and when said cylinder B is rotated to bring this point in the same relation to cylinder C as shown in Fig. 2 :tor the point 30, said point will contact with the arm of said cylinder C and close the circuit which will sound the alarm. An alarm may thus be sounded at an)T minute between 8 and 9 oclock, or any other hour, by placing a contact pin p in the proper hole of the circumferential row opposite the contact arm c which registers in vertical position with said row and under the hour indicated by the dial. As each of the sections is electrically connected by the contact spring Ul() with one of the metal collars d on the cylinder D and each ot said collars (Z is electrically connectec` with the signals which it is desired shall be operated at any period of time, it will be understood that the program can be adjusted to operate as many different programs or signals as there are program sections on the cylinders B and C or the programs can be arranged so that they will be operated one, two, or more at the same time. Thus a program for the day for live working days of the week, run from siX in the morning until six ocloclt at night, can be arranged on the lower ection ot cylinder B, another program for Saturday to run from six oclock in the morning until twelve ocloclr noon can be arranged on the middle section, and another program for Sunday to sound only a. tew signals, or none whatever, can be arranged on the upper section of said cylinder l?. Or each section may talre care of a separate signaling circuit and as many programs as desired be operated simultaneously, the number of sections being multiplied or diminished to suit the work 'for which each apparatus is especially designed. The pins CZ or the cylinder D can be arranged in the perforations in the collars (Z to contact with the contact springs sl leading to the binding posts e on the post and connecting with one wire ot the circuit operaL4 said signals so that any one et the programs can be thrown into the circuit any time, either night or day, oi any day of the week. rhus the adjustment of the pins jp in cylinder and the pins d oi"- switch cylinder l) may bring about any arrangement or program ot ls desired.

By `eterring toy l it will be seen that in their normal positions the pivots connecting linlz el: with the lever 3 and arm 5 are in line with the axis of the armature shaft i2, the link il being directly in line with lever Si toggle connection is thus :formed between lever 3 and arm 5 which enables said arm to be started on its morement to the position sho-wn by dotted lines with the least eX- penditure et' power, or, when the field betw en magnet and armature is widest and the current must be most heavily taxed to start the load, the leverage between lever 3 and arm isfireatest, and as the leverage decreases by the shortening or" the angle ot the toggle the iield narrows and t e power becomes stronger to take care of the increased load. Great economy in the power required to operate the apparatus is thus secured. Y

rthe use ot springs, which vary in tension with variations in temperature and reduire much care and attention, is thus entirely obyiated in such an apparatus and constant and positively operating power through the medium weights employed.

Haring thus 'fully described my said invention, what claim new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is :w

l. ln an elect ic program apparatus, the combination, of a trame, a program cylinder, adjustable contact pins therein, a contact cylinder, contact arms thereon extending into the path ot said contact pins, a program switch cylinder, said several cylinders being mounted to rotate, electric contact devices for connecting said contact and switch cylinders, means for automatically making and breaking said elect-ric connections and operating the switch cylinder by the moyement of .said program cylinder, and means for operating said program cylinder, substantially as set forth.

2. In an electric program apparatus, the combination, of a frame, a program cylinder, means tor operating said program cylinder comprising a weight for 'forcing it forward and electro-magnets 'for reversely operating said weight, a Contact cylinder, an automatic switch cylinder, signaling circuit terminals adjacent to said switch cylinder, adjustable Contact pins in said switch cylinder for closing the circuit when desired, and gearing connecting the program cylinder with said other cylinders for operating them, substantially as set forth.

3. In an electric program apparatus, the combination, of a frame, a program cylinder carrying Contact pins, a contact cylinder having contact arms, a switch cylinder, an electricl connection betweensaid contact cylinder and said switch cylinder, a post adjacent to said cylinders, terminals of one side of a signaling circuit on said post, Ycontact arms projecting from said terminals adjacent to saidswitch cylinder, adjustable pins in collars on said switchl cylinder arranged to be adapted to contact with said contact arms, said collars electrically connected to 'the contact cylinder, means for operating said program cylinder, and gearing connecting said program cylinder to operate the contact cylinder one notch at each revolution of the program cylinder and the switch cylinder one notch at each revolution of the Contact cylinder, substantially as set forth.

4r. In an electric apparatus, the combination, of a frame, a program cylinder, a contact cylinder and a switch cylinder electrically connected by adjustable contact arms and pins arranged to contact with each other to malre and brealr said connection as desired by the operation of said program cylinder,

' means for forcing said program cylinder forward on its axis step by step comprising a weight, and electro-magnets for reversely operating said weight, substantially as set forth.

5. An electric program apparatus comprising a program cylinder formed with a series of rows of holes in its periphery equal to the number of hours to be covered by the program and each row comprising a number of holes equal to the sub-divisions of the hour desired to be denoted by said program, contact pins formed to be inserted in said holes in such relative arrangement as may be desired, a contact cylinder mounted'parallel with and adjacent to said `program cylinder, and contact arms arranged in a spiral direction around said contact cylinder opposite the rows of holes in the program cylinder', and extending into the path of said contact pins, substantially as set forth.

6. In an electric program apparatus, the combination, of a frame, a program cylinder, means for operating said cylinder comprising a ratchet wheel, a sliding pawl engaging with said ratchet wheel and pivoted to an arm on a rock-shaft, said rock-shaft jour- Vnaled on said frame, an armature shaft, an armature operated lever thereon, said armature, and a magnet adjacent to said armature, the connection between said armature lever and said rock-shaft embodying a toggle arranged with its pivots normally in line with the axis of the armature shaft, substantially as set forth.

7. In an electric program apparatus, the combination, of a frame, a program cylinder, means for operating the same compriscylinder, the connection between said lever and saidVroclr-shaft comprising a toggle the magnet for operating said armature, substantially as set fort f 8. In an electric program apparatus, the combination, of a frame, a program cylinder, means for operating it, a. cam carried by the shaft thereof, a contact cylinder, a ratchet wheel on the lower endthereof, Va locking pawl engaging with one side of said ratchet wheel, an arm mounted on a wahbling support and carrying fingers or pawls engaging with said ratchet wheel, said wabbling support, a weighted arm on one side of said support normally holding said pawls toward said ratchet wheel and the inner end of said arm against the edge of said cam, said parts being arranged so that after said cam turns with the cylinder to the shoulder therein the end of the arm will fall off said shoulder and the pawls will engage one behind the point of the holding pawl, one behind a tooth on the ratchet wheel and operate to throw out said holding pawl and turn the cylinder one notch, when the other pawl will engage the ratchet wheel and arrest the movement, substantially as set forth.

9. In an electric program apparatus, the combination, of a frame, aV program cylinder, means for operating it, a contact cylinder, weighted pawls and arms for operating it from said program cylinder, a switch cylinder, and a gear connecting said vswitch cylinder with said contact cylinder, substantially as set forth.

10. In an electric program apparatus, the combination, of the frame, a program cyl- Vinder, the operating mechanism therefor comp 1ising a weight for forcing it forward, a contact cylinder, means connected with the program cylinder for operating said Contact cylinder comprising a weight for forcing it forward, and a switch cylinder geared to be operated from said contact cylinder, substantially as set forth.

l1. An electric program apparatus comprising a program cylinder, weight operated mechanism for rotating said Vcylinder forward, electrically operated means for reversely operating said mechanism, a contact cylinder adjacent to said program cylinder, Contact arms and pins carried by said program and contact cylinders respectively arranged to contact with each other, and a switch cylinder geared to said contact cylinder and also electrically connected therewith, substantially as set forth.

12. In a program apparatus the combination ofthe program cylinder and means parts of which are normally in line, and the for operating said program cylinder step by step in a forward direction comprising a ratchet wheel on said cylinder, a bar mounted to reciprocate horizontally between guides and formed with arms ext-ending at right angles to each other with a pawl on the outer end of each arm, one of said pawls being arranged to ride over the top face of said ratchet wheel on one side of said cylinder and engage behind the teeth of said ratchet wheel from the top to push said cylinder forward, and the other being arranged to engage with the peripheral face of said ratchet wheel and in front of the teeth to arrest the forward motion of the cylinder as said bar completes its forward movements, a rock-shaft having an arm fixed thereon and projecting each way therefrom, one end of which is pivoted to said sliding bar and the other end of which is pivoted to means for operating said rochshaft in one direction, and means for operating said rock-shaft in the reverse direction, substantially as set forth.

13. ln a program apparatus the combination of the program cylint er and mechanism for operating said program cylinder step by step comprising a dash-pot having a piston connected with the mechanism and adapted to operate said mechanism in one direction by gravity, electro-magnets, and a. roch-shaft in a plane below the top of said dash-pot adapted to be operated by said electro-magnets to lift said piston, the connect-ion between said piston and said rockshaft including a goose-neck arm extending through the top of said dash-pot, substantially as set forth.

14C. ln a program apparatus the combination of the program cylinder and mechanism for operating the same step by step comprising a rock-shaft, an operative connection between said roch-shaft and said program cylinder, electro-magnets, a connection between said electro-magnets and said roch-shaft for operating it in one direction, a dash-pot, a weighted piston in said dash-pot, and a connection between said piston and said roch-shaft whereby the weight of said piston operates said roch-shaft reversely to said magnets, substantially as set forth.

l5. ln a program clock apparatus, the combination, of the several cylinders, mechanism for rotating the same comprising weights for imparting the forward driving` power, electromagnets for lifting said weghts into a driving position, one of said cylinders being connected through a loosely mounted arm with pawls to a weight hung to hold said pawls into engagement with the ratchet wheel and at the same time force said ratchet wheel forward, said arm, and said weight, substantially as set forth.

16. A program cloclr apparatus comprising a switch or calendar cylinder composed of non-Conducting material having a metal ring thereon for each program electrically connected with the switch-cylinder and provided with adjustable contact points adapted to be placed in position to contact with one side of a signaling circuit to close the same, substantially as set forth.

l?. ln a program apparatus, the combination of a wabbling arm mounted on a tilting support and carrying driving and stop pawls for moving and stopping a ratchet wheel, said ratchet wheel, said tilting support, a weight for controlling and moving `iid arm in a direction so that said weight acts to turn said ratchet wheel and lteep said pawls in engagement therewith to effect the movement, substantially as set forth.

i8. A program apparatus comprising a driving ratchet Wheel, a locking pawl for holding said ratchet wheel, an operating pawl having three contacts, one contact for driving said ratchet wheel, one to stop said ratchet wheel, and one for disengaging a locking pawl holding said ratchet wheel from turning in either direction during all of the time the driving pawl does not act to move said ratchet wheel, and means for operating said pawl, substantially as set forth.

19. fr program apparatus comprising a program cylinder, a circular rack on said cylinder, a r-:eight operated pawl engaging with said racli for operatinO` said cylinder in a forward direction, electrically operated devices for returning said weight operated pawls to operative position, a contact cylinder adjacent to said program cylinder provided with a circular rack, a paivl for engagement with said raclr to normally hold said contact cylinder in fixed position, a weight operated pa-wl for engaging with said circular raclr on tne contact cylinder for disengaging the locking pawl and oirierating said contact cylinder in a forward direction, said locking pawl, a connection between said pawl and the program cylinder for timing its operation, program switch cylinder connected to be operated at stated intervals by said contact cylinder, anl electrical contacts adapted to connect with several cylinders, substantially as set forth.

A program apparatus comprising a. program cylinder, a contact cylinder, and a switch cylinder, means for establishing electric contacts between said cylinders, weight operated mechanism for forcing said several cylinders forward, and electrically operated melianism for returning said weight operated mechanism to operative position,

ubstantially as set forth.

il. A program apparatus comprising a program cylinder, a. weight mounted in a dash-pot for operating said cylinder in a forward direction, means for regulating the time of the fall of said weight, electric meohanismor returning said Weight to op- In witness whereof, I, have hereunto set erative position, a Contact cylinder and a, my hand and seal at Vashington D. C.. this 10 program switch cylinder, Weight operated 28th day of August, A. D. nineteen hundred devices for forcing said cylinders forward, and six.

and a connection between said .Weight oper- FRANK F. LANDIS. [L s] ated devices and the program cylinder for itnesses: timing their operation, substantially as set E. W. BRADFORD, forth. H. PARKINS.

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v Washington, D. C. Y

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