US1129147A

US1129147A - Power system for autovehicles.

Info

Publication number: US1129147A
Application number: US72978512A
Authority: US
Inventors: Richard Varley
Original assignee: VARLEY DUPLEX MAGNET CO
Current assignee: VARLEY DUPLEX MAGNET CO
Priority date: 1912-11-06
Filing date: 1912-11-06
Publication date: 1915-02-23
Anticipated expiration: 1932-02-23

Description

VARLEY. POWER SYSTEM FOR AUTOVEHIGLES. 1 Y K APPLNATIONTILED Nov. s, wu.A 1,129,1473 Pana Feb.23,1915.

SHEETS-SHEET 1.

FIG.1

R. VARLEY.

POWER SYSTEM PoR AUTOWEHGLES.Vv

APPLIOATION'HLBD Nov. e, 1912. 1,129,147. Patend 5910.23, 1915.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ce @ML Y INVENTOR INVENTOR v B SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Patented Fb.- 23, 1915.

JB. VARLEY. POWEB. SYSTEM POE AUTOVEHIGLES.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 6, 1912.

je@ JCZM' Y R. VARLEY.

POWER SYSTEM PORl AUTOVBHIGLBS.

.APPLICATION FILEDYNOV. 6, 1912. 1,129,147.

Petented Feb.23,1915.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

F'IG.- 4

INVENTOR R. VARLEY.: POWER SYSTEM POR AUTOVBHIGLBS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 6, 1912. l

Patented Feb. 2,3, 1915.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

l A I INVENTOH POWER SYSTEM POR AUTOVEHIGLES.

APPLIGATION FILED'NOV. s, 1912.

a SHEETssHBET 6.

FIG. 1o

WITNESSES INVENTOR j W. TQM/w 4 021417 Patented 1111211915.

vR. VARLEY.

POWER SYSTEM FOR AUTOVEHIGLES.

' APPLIGATION FILED Nov. e, 1912 Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

FIG. 11

WITNESSES R. .VARLEY. POWER SYSTEM POR- AUTOVEHGLES.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. e, 1912.

Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

B SHEETS-SHEET 81 Mcmyjf INVENTOR I UNITED sraTEs PATENT oEEroE.

EICHARB VAELEY, OE sNGLnWOOn, NEW JERSEY, AssIGNon To if-ARLEY DUPLEX MAGNET COMPANY, OE JEnsEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OE NEW JERSEY.

Application filed November 6, 1912.

2'@ all whom t may concern Be it known that I, RICHARD VARLEY, a citizen of the United Statesof America, 'residing at Fnglewood, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented tion.

This invention is an improvement in 'power systems for autovehicles, such as auwhich the said dynamo may be driven, pref-V erably at engine speed, to supply current for the above mentioned equipment.

In the particular construction illustrated in the accompanying drawings and herein-- after described, I employ mechanism for multiplying the torque of the motor and one of the objects sought to be accomplished is the provision, of means for bringing the torque multiplying mechanism into operative relationship with the motor and engine, and means for releasing, preferably auto- .,matically, said mechanism, after operating to start the engine, in such manner that it may remain stationary and non-operative during self-propulsion of tlie'engine, thereby affording apparatus in which is absent all wear and tear incident to continuous or eX- tended driving of the parts.

A further Object of my invention is to en able the starter mechanism to so drive the-v Specification of Letters Patent.

POWER SYSTEM FOR AUTOVEHICLES.

Patented Feb.. 23, 1915..

seriai no. 729,785.

and assumption of self-propulsion of the engine, whereby full potential gas charges may be taken into the cylinders for the initial explosion or explosions, and abortive firing overcome. i

Another object of my invention is the provision of starter mechanism which cannot be brought into starting relationship with and duringrunning of the engine and after be ing brought out of starter service, thereby removing liability of injury to the torque multiplying means. And a further object of my invention is to provide a power system in which a strong magnetic field may be created in the' d vnamo, for the attainment of a high toroue for use in starting the engine, and in which said'field may be so wealtened or controlled as to afford conditions suitable for the requirements of the work and ignition circuits. As such a device, means for bringing about the above characteristics are preferably combined with and dependent for operation upon and in unison with the operations of other elements of the system.

I also provide other improved features, as will be hereinafter more fully described in the specification and pointed out in the claims.

Figure lis a top plan view,showing apparatas, embodying my invention, the dynamo element being partly broken away; Fig. 2 is a side elevation ofthe same; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view; Fig. l is a transverse section on the line 4-/L of Fig. 1 Fig. is a fragmentary transverse section on the line 5 5 of Fig. l, but showing the gear shifting mechanism locked in an inoperative position; Fig. G is a section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 2; Fig. is a perspective view showing the clutch elementsvfor driving of the dynamo by the engine; Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8 8 OfFig. 3; Fig. 9 isv a fragmentary perspective view of the gear shifting mechanism, and showing means for preventing shiftingof the gears to engine starting position, during self-propulsion of' the engine; Fig. l0 is a diagrammatic view,

lar view showing circuit conditionsdui'ing driving of the generator by the engine; and

Fig. 12 is a similar view showing' dynamo and circuits for supplying an alternating current to the ignition element.

The dynamo element indicated by the numeral 2, may be of any lsuitable design, but for the attainment of certain objects through coperation with other elements of the system, l mayv employ the dynamo and Circuit arrangements hereinafter more fully described in connection with Figs. 10, 11 and 12.

The shaft 3 of the dynamo passes through a housing or bearing frame 4 of starter mechanism, and in alinement with the shaft is a shaft 5 which may be theengine shaft or constitute an auXiliaryshaft-which may have geared connection with thevv engine shaft. This shaft 5 is also supported by an end frame or housing 6, being more-directly Y journaled therein by means of the hub or sleeve portion 7 of a face plate o'r disk 8 which is keyed or otherwise xedly 'secured` to the shaft. Paralleling the shafts 3 and 5 `and journaled atthe top of the housings 4 and 6 is a sha ft 9 iixedly carrying a gear 10 and pinior l1, and` meshing with the gear.. .-10 is a pinion 12 loosely -mounted on the. shaft 3. while the pinion `1.1 meshes with a gear 13 loosely carried by thev shaft 5. As shownA in Fig. 3, the pinion 12 has an enlarged head portion er hub 14 bored to harbor a ring or collar 15 fixed to the shaft 3 and having on its inner 4face recesses 16 arranged to receive spring clutch pins 17 mounted in the pinion 12, when said pinion is longitudinally shifted on the shaft. for driving` of the said pinion. as will be ^hereinafterl more fully set forth. As shown in Figs. 3 and 3, the clutch pins 17- are preferably headed, so as to limit their outward travel, and are backed up bythe spring y lingers 1S of the flat spring ring 19 attached to a mounting disk 2O as by screws 21 which may also vserve to secure the disk to the end face "of the pinion'12. Contiguous to the head 14 of the pinion 12 is a similarly formed Y hub-likehead or extension 22 of the gear 13,

`mounted within the bore of which is another collar 23 iixedly secured to the reduced end 24 of the shaft 5 and carrying the lcngitudinallyv movable spring pressed pawl 25 adapted to engage ratchet teeth or recesses 26 formed in the abutting face of the i first collar piece15 (see Fig. 7 for driving of the dynamo shaftf 3 by the engine, as hereinafter brought out. Carried by the gear 13A is a clutch finger 27 held normally projecting from the face of the gear,rby a spring 28..and adapted for engagement with a pfcketl 29 formed in the member 8.

The gears 12 and 13'are so mounted on their respective shafts as to be capable of being slidinrfrlv shifted thereon for the purpose of bringing the clutch pins 1.7 and 'nger 27 into (and out of) engagement with their respective clutch pockets 16 and 29, when it is desired to drive the shaft 5 by the motor shaft 3, the pinion l2 being driven by the rotating collar 15 and the disk 8 by the clutch fingers 27; the torque of the shaft 3 being multiplied through the gear reduction existing between the pinion l2 and the gear 13, sufficiently to drive said shaft 5 with its engine load. To bring about such shifting, a common shifting yoke 30 is prvided and .arranged for operative association with the peripheral vannular grooves or recesses 31 in the hub-like extensions' 14 and 22 of the gears. This shifting yoke is voperatively carried by a hcllow shaft or sleeve 32 (see Figs. 1 and 2) slidably mounted in bearings 33 and 34, preferably.extensions of the housings or frames 4 and 6. Normally, the vsleeve 32 and yoke v30 are held in the retracted or inoperative position shown (te, a position in which the clutch pins 17 and finger 27 are free from engagement with the pcckets 16 and 29) by means of a contractile spring 35' anchored at one end to the bearing 33 or otherfixed point, and secured at the other end to the sleeve 32 by. a stud 3G which passes through a slot in the bearing 34. Means for shifting the sleeve 32 and consequently'the yoke 30 forward to move the gears'12 and 13 to engine starte ing position,comprises a shifting rod or shaft 37 which is received by and passes through the bore of the hollow shaft 32 and is provided with a fixed collar 38 lying in terininal abutment.therewith, this shaft 37 may connect with the running board of the vehicle or be mounted for manual operation in any desired manner.

Pivoted to thcyoke 30 1s an arm 39 having a latch face '40. As clearly shown in Fig. 1,

to engine starting position, the latch 40 will fengage a lock shoulder or plate 41 on the housing 6, and thereby hold the yoke in advanced position; a. spring 42 being employed tol normally urge the arm against the plate 41. The face plate or disk 8 has a plurality of radial lugs 43 (see Figs. 2 and 4) which, when the said plate is rotated by driving o f -the shaft 5 in either normal or a reverse d1- .when the yoke is advanced by the shaft 37 v of the'gears to inoperative or non-starting4 r position -at a time substantially coincident with initial firing or assumption of self-propulsion of the engine.

To prevent gear stripping and injurious to engine vstarting position during self runimpulsive back-driving by shifting the gears ning vof the engine after starting, l provide means to lock the shaft orA sleeve 32 against forward' shifting while the engine ,run-

ning. Essentially such mechanism comprises, a lock bar 44 (as shown in Fig. 4) pivoted at one end at 45 to the frame 6.

` During running of the engine and vWhen the sleeve 32 is in aretracted position, normally, the bar 44 lies across and in front of a lock shoulder 46 on the forward end of the sleeve 32, and back of a stop or shoulder 46 on the frame 6; the shoulder 46 being formed preferably by reducing the shitting sleeve at that point. Means for raising the bar 44 to sleeve unlocking position, comprises a pivotal jack 47 the upper finger 48 of which is adapted to be swung against the under side of and lift the 4bar 44, by meansfof a crank arm 49 actuated by a slide rod 50. r rThe rod 50 is mounted in a bearing piece 5lv attached to or forming part of the end frame and has the terminal portion 52 extending into the path of a bevelednose shifting cam 53 carried hy the operating shaft 37. By rotating the shaft 37 the nose 54 of the cam will Wipe against the beveled end of and shift the rod 50, forcing the finger- 48 ofthe jack to an upright bar unlookinglposition. as shown in Fig. 4. Such righting of the finger 48 will also swing an oppositely disposed or depending nger 55 of the jack into position directly above the hub portion 7 of the disk 3. This finger 55 h-as a spring pressed nose 56 which frictionally engages or Wedges against the curved face of the hub 7 when shifted thereover and thereby serves to maintain the finger 48 in its upright position. Upon rotation of the hub 7 ivith the shaftA 5 in the normal direction 4of rotation or that of the arrow a, the finger 55 will be kicked out-y wardly thereby away from the hub, as indicated bv the dotted position-shown in Fig. 4, in which position it will be held by the Weight of the resultantly loivered lock bar 44. The operating shaft 37 may be rotated by any suitable' means, and in Figs. 1 and 2'1 have shown it as being provided with a knuckle or universal joint 57 by means of which it may be flexibly connected with a suitable manipulating rod57.

To guard against holding of the lifting jack in bar unlocking position by the cam nose 54, against the force of the rotating hub 7 on the spring nosed finger 55, an auxiliary lock is provided which prevents forward shifting of the sleeve 32 until the nose 54 of the cam has -wiped past the rod 50, and it consists of a lug or stop shoulder 58 on the collar 38, rotatively shiftable ivith said collar into a position of receptive registry with an internal slft or vvay 59 of the bearing 34, before the collar can be advanced to shift the sleeve The relative positions of the slot 59 and the nose 54 are such that swinging of the lug 5S into registry with the slot shifts the nose 54- out of the path of the rod 50. lt therefore will be seen that should the engine be running, and the jack 47 be shifted to bar unlocking position by travel of the nose 54 against and past theend of the rod 50, said jaok'would be immediately shifted Vto a reclining inoperative position by the rotating hub 7, and should the cam nose 54 be forcibly heid in bar unlocking position during rotation of the hub, such position would be one of non-registration of the lug 5S and slot 59, so that the lug 58"vvould lock the sleeve 32 against shifting even though the lock bar 44 occupied non-locking position. lt will be equally' apparent that, with non-rotation of the hub 7, the jack 47 may be shifted to unlocking position by the travel of the cam nose 54 past the end of the rod 50, and Will be held in-such upright position by means of frictional engagement of the finger 55 with the non-rotating hub 7, so that the operating shaft 37 may herotated to a position permissive of reception of the lug 58 by the recess 59 Without attending dropping of thebar 44.

Referring to Figs. l and 2, 60 indicates an ignition timer or controller the shaft 6l of which may be operatively geared in any suitable manner so as to be driven in synchrrnism with the engine, as is well understocd. l have indicated such gear connectiens 62 between the timer shaft 6l and the shaft 5. The operating shaft 37 has the forvvard extension 63 in the path of which and adapted to be engaged by said shaft is an arm 64 carried by the timer or controller and by means of which, when the shaft 37 is shifted forward to bring the starter into driving'relaticnship with the engine, the controller may be adjusted or shifted to spark delay or retarding position, in a inanner well understood by those skilled in the art. The controller is also shown as having a usual shifting arm 65 which may connect with the ruiming board of the vehicle and by means of which spark advance may be obtained.

Summarizing briefly the operations of the above described mechanisms, it ivill be seen that when it is desired to start the engine, the operating shaft 37 is rotated, as by the member 57 to shift the lrck bar 44 to an elevated or sleeve unlocking position. and

the lug 58 is brought into registry with the recess 59, thereby permitting the sleeve 32 and yoke 30 to be shifted by the collar 38,

forward against the tension of the spring Shifting of the yoke 30 will in turn shift the pinion l2 and gear 13 in such manner as to bring the clutch pins l7 against the collar l5 and the clutch finger 27 against the face plate 8. Should the spring pressed pins 17 nrt directly engage their pockets or recesses 16 they ivill vield under the shifting travel of the pinion 12, riding on the face of the collar l5 until said collar has rotatively traveled to a position permissive of the pins snapping into the recesses. Re-

into rece tive registry with its ccket. The

P e l0 disk 8 being keyed to the shaft 5, will in turn drive the latter for starting of the engine. Upon advance of the gears to engine starting-position the latch 40 of the arm 39 will engage the latch plate 4l, there-V bv holding the gears in their operativeor clutch engaging position pending automatic release thereof by the cam action of a lug y 43 wiping 'past and freeing the arm 39 from its latch engaging position. l prefer to so disposethe lugs 43 on the periphery of the face plate orldisk 8 as to cause release of the starter mechanism or return o`f the gears to non-operative position at a time substantially coincident with energizing of the ignition circuit of the vehicle, in synchronism with and assumption of self-propulsion of thev engine. The advantages' of such an arrangement are that the starter' may be momentarily7 manually held against release until'the dynamo has rotated the shaft 5 sufficiently to Dump or scavenge all dead gas from the cylinders of the engine, after-which and upon closing of the usual ignition circuit, an approaching lug 48 will -release the said starter or torque multiplying/means to non-starting position, coinci- 'dently as firing on the rst live stroke of the engine takes-place; the starter mechanism is not released at a period between compression strokes .of the engine and before Vignition ofthe. combustible charge takes place, therefore the starter is always effective: and by insuring disconnection of such starter mechanism Y and engine at a time when the engineis lfired, liability to impulsive-back driving at injurious speed through the compounding gears is obviated. It will bencted also thatfthe controller 60 is positively shifted to spark retarding position as the starting mechanism is brought into driving relationship with the engine, but should there, for some other reason, (such as the existence of incandescent particles in the cylinders) y occur an advanced or back-firing, resultant reverse travel of a lug 43 would free such starter mechanism from the engine so that it would be impossible to transmit an extended and injurious drive orA back-fire through the gears, for, with the starter so released, the ratchet'and pawl arrangement 25 and 26 would provide aA direct slip between theshafts 5' and 3. During driving of the engine shaft 5by the' dynamo, the'collar 15, Whichtravels faster than the rotary movement imparted thereby -to the shaft 5, carries the .ratchet teeth or` recesses 26 past the beveled face of the .spring n pressed pawl 25. After the engine becomes self-prcpulsive, the dynamo will vbe driven thereby through the said ratchet and pawl arrangement so as to supply generator current to the vehicle equipment.

In order that there may be a high torque provided for starting of the engine, a dynamo is provided, having peculiar advantageous features in that a high magnetic iield may be created and maintained during starting of the engine and may be subsequently so controlled or'weakened as to bring said element as a generator, -into harmony with the requirements of the lamp or Work circuit and the ignition circuit. l have shown in Figs. 10, 11 and 12 diagrammaticallysuch a dynamo andassociated circuits. It preferably talres the general form of the construc tion disclosed in my above mentioned applications SerialNos. 704,258 and 704,259 in that it is so designed as to prevent injurious rise in voltage when being driven as a generator to supply energy for the vehicle equipment and battery or accumulator cells.V As shown in Figs. 10 and 11, the frame 66 has the depending polev piece 66 above the shallow upwardly extending pole piece 67 carried by the base of the frame. These poles form between them the magnetic field chamber for the armature 68 mounted on the shaft 3. Upon the pole piece 66 is a field winding'69 connected at one end to the commutator brush 70, While to the other end of said winding is serially connected a field winding 71 mounted on the lower pole piece 67. The field pole 66 alsocarries a winding 72 shunted across'gthel brushes 70. and 73. The numeral 74 indicates a lamp circuit connected tol brush and having ground connection75, while 76 indicates 4an ignition circuit also connected to brush 70 and grounded at 77. vThis ignition'circuit is shown as equipped with a usual primary coil 78, secondary winding' 79,' interruptor mechanism 80 and a distributer 81 connected to the secondary coil and leading to spark plugs, (not shown). A relay 82l has an armatutre'83 adapted, when attracted, to close a circuit through relay winding S4, contact 83 and lead 85. as hereinafter described. The relay 'Winding 84 is Wound Vin opposition to a larger or major relay Wind- `ing 86l connected to brush 78 and shunt Aby the engine .to supply current to. the bells rasage?,

rality of fixed and movable contacts, the

movable contacts being carried by. an insulated bar 90 which is preferably connected to the starter shifting mechanism above described or so associated therewith to cause a reciprocation of said bar in unison 'with the shifting ofthe starter mechanism and the connection and disconnection of certain circuits.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 10,`

When the starter is shifted to engine stirting position, contacts 91 and 92carried by the insulated bar 90 and'connected to the terminals of the battery cells S8, are shifted thereby into engagement With the double nibbed contacts 93 and 9e. To cause a discharge or flow of current from the battery cells to the generator windings for rotation of the shaft 3, a press key or other suitable. 'switch 95 is closed so that battery cells S7 serially connect with cells SS, in the circuit leading through contacts 9%, 91 and 93 to shunt winding 72, field vinding 0i) and 71, back to batteries. The currentfiow through the field windings is unidirectional so that the magneto motive force of the shunt winding 72 added to trat of the series field Winding rhe result this high voltage discharge to the several windings creates an intense magnetic tield to which the resultant torque response of the armature @Sis desirably high for the purpose of. starting the engine. During driving of the engine by the dynamo with the conditions prevailing as just described. no part of the live circuits is grounded, and the lamp and ignition circuits are momentarily cut out,-as such high voltage miOht prove injurious thereto; the idea being' to obtain a great starting torque through a high volt-V age ordinarily incompatible with the voltage requirements of the usual lamp and ignition circuits. @n account of the energizing of the relay winding 86 through flow 'of starting current, the Aarmature S3 of the relay will be closed.` but this does not aect low of current through the generator, as the armature 83 is connected to the same side of the batteryfas the lead 96. mmediately upon automatic release of the starter mechanism by a traveling boss or lug 43 on the rotating disk 8, as above described, the lamp and ignition circuits will be established.v as will be hereinafter described: the inter-- rupter mechanism 80 and distributez` 81 being geared in synclironisni, in any Well is that' known manner. Upon return ot the starter mechanism to non-starting position, the shaft 5 will pick up and rotate the dynamo motor shaft through the intermediary of the paivl and ratchet arrangement above described, and the switch bar 90 will be shitted to the position illustrated in Fig. 11 wherein the contacts 91 and areshou'n as in engagement with

contacts

9T, 9S, 99 and 100. ln this position the battery cells are connected in multiple so that a voltage ot a reduced or one-haltthe value of that utilized in starting is available for the light and ignition circuits which are completed through lead 101, a portion ot' the series field winding 09' (the lovver portion)

ground connections

75, 7? and 102y and ba; "rv cells. ,"is the speed of the generator increases. and the magnetic field resultantly builds up, the voltage in the shunt winding increases so that when the potential reaches battery charging value, the relay winding 86. will energize the relay, causing' a closing of the relay armature S3 and resultant closing of a circuit through it and the contact piece 83'; said circuit being` completed through minor relay Winding' Si. armature S3, lead 85, batteries SS and 87, and part of the series field Winding (59 back to brush 70. Portion of the current also passes through contact 9S, ground 102 to ground connections 7T and 75 of the ignition and lamp circuits respectively back to brush 70. ln this condition part of the series field Winding 69 and all of the series field 'Winding 71 on the lower pole piece are cut out, and the current -in the active part of the series field winding (39 Hows in opposition to that in the shunt Winding, so that there is created a bucking or substantially neutralizing action resistive to the tendency to excessive rise in potential as the speed of the armature increases. l `urthe rmore, With the lower pole :vinding inactive, vthere results a high flux leakage from the armature 68, which, combined with the restraining influence of the bucking action above described, also tends to maintenance of a substantially constant voltage for the circuits. -With a reduction of voltage below battery charging value, as when the speed of the armature decreases. -or when the armature stops, an instant back charge of current through the opposing relay Wiinr ing Se and drop of voltage in Winding SG ivill neutralize the magnetic force of the re- 'lay so that the armature 83 Will be instantly released (as by a spring 103), breaking the battery circuit through contact 83 and thereby preventing 'av dissipating discharge or back flow ot current from the battery cells to the dynamo.

In both of the above mentioned applications Serial Nos. 704,258 and 70i,59,.l disclose a .dynamo construction and system in 'ivhich provision 1s made for supplying an and in which the armature is accordingly driven in synchronism with the engine. 1f des1red,'the dynamo described 1n connection Withrthe present invention. may take the form of the general type disclosed 'in saidl applications, in whichcase, to insure proper synchronous association of the dynamo and engine so that the periodic pulsation of the current Wave is produced for utilization at the spark-plugs coincidentally With the compression'strolres of the engine, the ratchet teeth or faces 26 see Fig. 7) of the collar V15 carried by the dynamo motor shaft are preferably Ydiametrically disposed so that the pavvl 25 Will always engage said cplla'r at a synchronous vand non-shifting point. lVith the provision of these non-varying points ofengagement of the engine anddynamo shafts, 'after the dynamo and engine are 'oncel synchronously adjusted, such relationshipwill be always maintained in subsequent driving of theydynamo by. the engine irrespective of previous relative association of the two shafts, incident to starting.

I have indicated in Fig. 12 -a dynamo and circuitsincluding 'an ignition circuit adapted to be alternately and commensuratelyV `energized from the armature 68 through the medium of collector rings connected to the armature Winding, in accordance With the disclosures of my application Serial No. 701,259. The general dynamo construction and 'arrangement of the circuits and feature of connecting the batteries in series and multiple correspond vWith those shown in Figs. 10 and 11 of the present application. with the exception oflthe substitutionlof an alternating currentv ignition element 'for that previously described.`

Referring more particularly to Fig. 12, a

plurality of collector rings 10ft are shown as connected to the Winding of the armaturev 68' by taps 105 vwhich lead from said Wind-` ing preferably at oppositely-disposed points,

or 18.0degrees'apart so as to cause symmetrical impulses of current'tobev impressed upon thecollector rings in each completev revolution of the armature, for ignition service.v F romA the collector brushes 106 leads a primary circuit` 107 included. in which is a primary coil H10,8 Whichlmay form part of .a suitable ignition or spark producing apparatus, beingin inductive relationship to a secondary coil 1.09 which is grounded at 110 and leads to a suitable distributer, Y

not shown. At 111 is indicated an interrupter mechanism intercalated in the primary circuit 107, while connected'across the said primary-circuit is the usual condenser 112. The. interrupter mechanism comprises the usual fixed contact 113 and a movable contactyl'ever 114 adapted to be oscillated by an, interrupter cam 115. r1`his cam caraleggia? alternating current Wave generated in the armature 68..y rllhus, as is Well understood inthe art, with the charging of the primary coil through closing of the primary circuit and resultant'charging and discharging of the condensera very high potential current is generated in the secondary Winding 109 as the distributer. arm of the regular distributer closesa circuit to, a spar-K plug of ignition circuit from being charged at the high potential used .in starting the r engine, a switch arrangement 118 is interpolatedin the primary circuit'and is of such character and is preferably so associated .with the switch ba-r'90v as to cause an opening or vbreaking of the primary circuit When the starter mechanism is advanced. to engine starting position, and to cause a .clo'sin'g of .a cylinder of thej eng'ne To prevent the the circuit upon return of the starter to nonstarting position and connection of the batteries in multiple. More particularly it comprises the switch` members 119 and the movable contact 120 carried by thel switch bar 90. Many changes may be'made in the construction shown and the arrangement of the partsand circuit connections maybe varied Without departing from my invention.A

The advantages of the invention Will -be ffound to reside in the provision of a system which is compact in size and therefore readily adaptable to modern autoyehicle construction;v which providesifor a high start ingtorque without the necessity of providing an unduly large motor element or encumberingwinding, and for proper corre.- lation and control of the light or Work circuit and. ignition circuit and dynamo ele- V ment Furthermore a system of starting is provi-ded(wherein-the dead or `Waste gases mayv be completely .scavenged or cleaned Ifromthe cylinders of the engine preparatory to starting on return of the torque multiplying means to4 non-operative position; wherein vback firing is .guarded against; in Which means are provided for locking the torque multiplying means or' starter in a.

non-operative position during self-running of the engine, .and in Which the reducing vgears are relieved from travel after 'operating'rto's'tart the engine; and a starter mechanism. provided vhaving Vfew parts and in' which Wear and tear is reduced to the minil mum degree. i I

'The above mentioned method or svstem of producing an alternating current for use at -the spark `plugs" is not claimed inV this applicationas the same forms subject matter of my above mentioned applications Serial Nos. 704,258 and %,*259.

rihe starter mechanism described in conneetionV with my system forms subject matter of my separate application Serial No. 731,336. y

Having described my invention what claim and desire to 'secure by Letters Patent is :'v

l. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a shaft for transmitting power to and from the engine, aidynamo, and means connecting the shaft and dynamo whereby each may actuate the other and including reducing gears normally stationary and non-operati'veduring self-propulsion of the engine, and mechanism forse connecting and disconnecting the shaftand gears as to cause the dynamo to drivetheshaft and to subsequently render the gears non-operative and to c'ause the shaft to drive the dynamo without rotating the gears.

2. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a shaft for transmitting power to and from the engine, a dynamo, and means connecting the shaft a-nd dynamo whereby each may actuate the other and .including reducing gears and a clutch element associated'with the shaft and gears, for so connecting and disconnecting the shaft and `gears as to cause the dynamo to drive the shaft for starting of the engine and the shaft to subsequently drive the dynamo without rotating the gears. l

3. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a shaft for transmitting power to and from the engine, a dynamo, and means connecting the shaft and dynamo whereby each may actuate the other and including reducing gears and dual clutch mechanism for so connecting and disconnecting the shaft and gears as to cause the dynamo to drive the irst shaft and to subsequently render the gears non-operative and the shaft to drive the dynamo without rotating the gears.

4i. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a shaft for transmitting power to and from the engine, a dynamo, means connecting the shaft and dynamo whereby each may actuate the other, for starting of the engine and riving of the dynamo, and means forbringing the dynamo out of engine starting relationship with the shaft at a point of time substantially coincident with an explosion stroke of the engine.

5. In a power systemfor autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine. of a shaft for transmitting power to and from, the engine, a dynamo, means connecting the shaft and dynamo whereby each may actuate the other and comprising reducing gears and clutch mechanism associated with the shaft, and means for automatically disconnecting the reducing gears and shaft at a point of time substantially coincident with an explosion stroke of the engine.

6. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a shaft fortransmitting power to and from the engine, a dynamo, means connecting the shaft and dynamo whereby the dynamo may start the engine and be driven thereby, an ignition controller, means for automatically bringing the dynamo out of starting relationship with the engine and means associated with the connecting means, for shifting the controller to spark delay position.

7. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine. of a shaft for transmitting power to and from thc angine, a dynamo, means connecting the shaft and dynamo whereby the latter may start the engine and be driven thereby, an ignition controller, means associated with the connecting mechanism, for adjusting the ignition controller, and means for automatically bringing the dynamoout of starting relationship with the engine, at a point of time substantially coincident with an eX- plosion stroke of the engine.

S. 'In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a dynamo, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the'other, and means for producing in the dynamo an engine starting magnetic field strength greater than the maximum potential value of the field when the dynamo is driven by the engine.

9. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, ofa dynamo, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, and means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit with the dynamo as to produce in the latter an engine starting magnetic field strength greater than the maximum potential value `of the field when the dynamo is driven by the engine.

l0. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with acombustion engine, of a dynamo, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and 'engine that each may actuate the other, apparatus Vfor controlling the connectionbetween the dynamo and engine, an accumulator, and means associatedwith the controllingapparatus. for so bringing the accumulator into circuit with'the dynamo as to produce inthe latter an engine starting magnetic field strength greater than the maximum potential value of the field when the dynamo is driven by the engine.

11. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine,

icc

eva a.,

of a dynamo having a field Winding,mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, current using equipment including spark producing apparatus, means `for so bringing the accumulator into circuit With the dynamo as to create a substantially supernormal magnetic field for the production of a hightorque for starting of the engine, and for electrically excluding the spark producing apparatus during `driving of the engine by the dynamo, and means, in-r cluding a portion of the fiel`d Winding, lfor reducing the field strength and maintaining- -it'relatively normal when the dynamo is driven by the engine;

312. Ina power system for autovehi'cles, the combination with `a combustion engine,

ofa dynamo having field Winding, mechanism forso connecting the-dynamo and engine` that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, current using equipment, means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit -With the dynamo as to create a strong magnetic field rf'o'rthe produc-` tion of a high torque for starting of the engine, means 'associated with said last named means for electrically excluding the current using equipment during 'drivingofM the engine by the dynamo, means including a ,portion-of the field Winding, for varying of the magnetic field strength VWhen .the dynamo is driven by the engi-ne, and vmeans for bringing the current using equipment' into circuit with the-accumulator. 13. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination Withga combustionengine, of. a dynamo having field-Winding, mechanism for soconnecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, anaccumulator,

4current using equipment including spark producing apparatus, means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit With the dynamo as to create af strong magnetic field for the production of a high torque' for startingqthe engine, means associated with said last named means 4for electrically excluding the spar-k producing apparatus during driving of the engine by the dynamo, means including a portion of the'eld Wind-v ing, forvarying the magnetic field strength when the dynamo is drivenby the engine,

and means for bringing the current using With the dynamo as to create a strong mag'- netic field for the productionwof a high torque for starting of the engine, means for electrically `excluding the current using equipment during drivingojf the engine by the dynamo, means-including a portion of .the field winding, for varying the magnetic field strength When the dynamois' driven by the engine, and vmeans associated with the aforesaid' controlling means, for bringing the current using equipment into circuit with theaccumulator.

15.' In-a lpower system for autovehicles, the combination-With a combustion engine, of a dynamo', having ield Winding, mech-anism for so cfnnecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate thevother, an

accumulator, means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit with the. dynamo as tov createa strong magnetic field for the productionv of a high torque for starting of the engine, means if'or electrically excluding the current using equipment during driving ofthe engine the dynamo, means includinga portion of the field Winding, for Varying the magnetic field current using .equipment,.'

strength when the dynamo is Vdriven by the engine, and means for' bringing the current using equipment into circuit With the-acy ycumulator and aportion of the field Windin i a IG. -In a power system for autovehicles, the cembination With a combustion; engine, of a dynamo having field Winding, vmecha-I nismfcr so connectingethe dynamo and e ngine that each may actuate the other, an vace cumulator, spark prcducing apparatus, means for so bringing the accumulator intol circuit With the dynamo as to create a strong magnetic field for the production of ahigh tfrque vforstarting of the engine, means for4 electrically excluding the spark producing apparatus during driving of the engine by the dynamo,.means including a portion of the ii'eld Winding, forlowering the fieldstrength and maintaining it relatively normal when the dynamo is driven by the engine, and means for bringing the spark-producng apparatus into circuit with the ac-l cumulator. i .1

17. In power system for autovehicles, the combination 4With` a combustion engine, of a dynamohaving el'd Winding, mechanisrnor.y so vconnecting the dynamo and en.

` ygine that each may actu'ate the 'o ther,an accumulator, A spark i producing*A apparatus,

means for so bringing the accumulator into vci-r'cuitvith the dynamo' as to create a strong ,magneticlfield for the prrduction of av high torque for starting of the engine, and Vtor electrically excluding the spark producing` apparatus 'during driving of the engine by` the dynamo, means, including a portion ,of thefiield Winding, for lowering the fieldstrength and maintaining it relatively norsaV maaier mal when the dynamo is driv'en by the engine, and means for lbringing the spark producing apparatus into circuit with the accumulator and a portion oi" the field windlng.

f8. ln a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, et a dynamo, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, means for so bringing' the accumulator into circuit with the dynamo as to create a substantially supernormal magnetic field f'or the production of' a high torque for starting of the engine, means for reducing the field strength and maintaining it relatively normal when the dynamo is ydriven by the engine, and

means i'or bringing the accumulator into` receptive charging circuit with the dynamo,

i9. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a dynamo. mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, meansv for so bringing the .accumulator into circuit with the dynamo as toV produce a substantially supernormal magnetic field for the production of a high torque for starting of the engine, means for reducing the field strength and maintaining it relatively normal when the dynamo is driven by the engine, and means for bringing the accumulator into recept-ive charging circuit with the dynamo.

20. lna power system for autovehicles,

the combination with a combustion engine,

of a dynamo having generative winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, means torso bringing the accumulator into circuit with the dynamo as to producer a substantially supernormal .magnetic field for the` production of a high torque for starting of the engine, means fonreducingthe field strength andlmaintaining it relatively normal when the dyna mo is driven by the engine, and means for bringing the accumulator into receptive charging circuit with the dynamo and dependent for operation upon rise oi voltage in the generative winding of the dynamo.

2L in a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a 'combustion' engine, of a dynamo having field winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo andengine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, current using equipment, means for so bringing the accumulator intorcircuit with the dynamo as to create a strong magnetic field for the production of a high torque for starting of the engine, and for electrically excludingl the 'current usingequipment during driving of the engine by the dynamo, means including a portion of the iield' Winding, for varying the magnetic field strength when the dynamo is driven by the engine, and means for bringing the accumulator into receptive charging circuit with the dynamo. l

22. ln a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a. combustion engine, of a dynamo, having field winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, current using equipment, means for so bringing the accumulator into lcircuit with the dynamo as to create a strong magnetic field for the production of a .high torque i'or starting or' the engine, and for electrically excluding the current using equipment during driving of the engine by the dynamo, means including a portion of the field winding, for varying the magnetic field strength when the dynamo is driven by the engine, means for bringing the accumulator into receptive charging circuit with the dynamo and dependent for operationupon the voltage in the field winding. y

23. In a power system i'or autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a dynamo having field winding,I mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, current using equipment, means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit with the dynamo as to create a strong `torque for starting of the engine, and for excluding the current using equipment during driving of the engine by the dynamo, mea-ns including a portion of the eld winding, for varying the magnetic field strength when the dynamo. is driven by the engine, and means for bringing the accumulator into and outof receptive charging circuit with the dynamo. in a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a dynamo having field winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, current .usingequipment, switch means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit with the dynamo Aas to create a strong magnetic field for the production of a high torque for starting ofthe engine, and for electrically excluding the aforesaid equipment during driving of the engine by the dynamo, means including a portion of the eld winding, for varying the magnetic field strength when the dynamo is driven by the "engine, means cooperating with said switch means for bringing the currentusing equipment into circuit with the accumulator, and apparatus for bringing the accumulator into and out of receptive charging circuit with the dynamo.

n a power system for autovehi'cles, the combination with a combustion eng-ine,

lili

of a dynamo having field winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumuIatOr, current using equipment, switch means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit with the dynamo as to create a strong magnetic field for the production of a high torque for` starting of the engine, and for electrically excluding the current using equipment during driving of the engineby the dynamo, means including a portion of the iield winding, for varying the magnetic iield strength when the dynamo. is driven by the engine, means Jfor bringing the current using equipment into circuit with the..` accumulator, and apparatus for bringing the accumulator into and out of 'receptive charging circuit with the dynamo,

and dependent forv operation upon the voltage in the field winding. p L

26. In a power system for aiitovehicles,

the combination with al combustion engine,

of a dynamo having iield winding and indiictive winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, means for bringing the accumulator into circuit with the field winding for creating a strong magnetic field for the prc luction rof a high torque for startingof the engine, and means for lowering the field strength and maintaining' it relatively normal and including a portion. of the iield winding brought into circuit with 'the inductive winding', when the circuit with the inductive winding and adapted to be brought into circuit with the accumulator,A when the dynamo is driven by the engine.

28. In a power system for autovehicles,

the combination with a combustion: engine,-

of a dynamo having field exciting means including iield winding and havin inductive generative winding, mechanism or so. connecting'the dynamo and engine that eachmay actuate the other, an accumulator, current using equipment, means for bringing the accumulator into circuit with theield winding, to create a substantially supernormal magnetic field for the production ofahighto'rque for starting of the engine, and for varying the field strength, means maaier for electrically excluding the aforesaid equipment during driving oil the engine by the dynamo, and means for bringing the equipment into circuit with the generative winding of the dynamo when the latter is driven by the engine.

29. In a4 power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine,

vof a dynamo having field exciting ineans including iield winding, and having inductive generative winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and enginethat each may actuatethe other, an accumulator, current using equipment, means for bringing the accumulator into circuit with the ield winding, to create a substantially supernormal magnetic eld for the production of a high torque for' stai'ting of the engine,

and for electrically excluding the aforesaid equipment .during driving' of the engine by the dynamo, and means for bringing the equipment into circuit with the generative winding of the dynamo and the accumulator when the dynamo is drii en bylthe engine.

30. In a. power system vfor autovehicles,

the combination with acombustion engine,

lofa dynamo having field winding,mecha nism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, means'for bringing the accumulator into circuit with field winding to create a strong magnetic 'eld for the proengine, current using equipment,` means whereby the accumulator and the 'equipment may be brought into circuit with a portion of said'ield winding during driving of vthe dynamo by the engine, and means for bringing the accumulator into and out of receptive charging circuit with the dyname.

31.1n a power systemv for autovehicles,

the combination with a combustion engine, Aof a-dynamo having field' winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, means whereby the accumulatorg'may be brought into series with the field winding, to'create va strong magnetic fieldfor the production of a high torque for starting of the engine, and means whereby vthe accumulator may be vbrought -into circuit with only a. portion of the'said iield winding during driving of the dynamo by the engine. Y

32. In a power system for autovehiclezj. the combination with a combustion engine,

. duction of a high torque for starting ofthe.

of a dynamo having field winding, mechanismfor so connecting the dynamo and engine thatv each may actuate the other, an accumulator, cui-renti using equipment, means whereby the accumulator may be brought into serieslwith the field winding. to create a strong-magnetic field for the production O a highl torque for starting of the engine,

and means .whereby the accumulator may be brought into multiple with a portion of the field winding and with the aforesaid equipment, 'during driving of the dynamo by the engine.

In a power system forautovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a dynamo having series field winding, an inductive winding and a field winding shunted across said inductive generative winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and enginecthat eaclrmay actuate the other, an accumulator, means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit with series field winding as tokcause a current flow therethrough unidirectional with that in the shunt winding, for creating a substantially supernormal magnetic field for the production of a high torque for starting of the engine, and means for varying the field strength when the dynamo is driven by the engine, and including circuit connections f'orcausing current to flow from the generative winding through only a part of the series field winding.

34. In a. power"'system"for"'autovehiclesf"" the combination with a combustion engine, of a .dynamo having series field winding, an

inductive winding and a field winding' shunted across said inductive generative winding, mechanism for so vconnecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit with series field winding as to cause a .current flow therethrough unidirectional with that in the shunt winding, for creating a substantially supernormal. magnetic field for the production of a high torque for start ing of the engine, and means for varying the field strength when the dynamo is driven by the engine, and including circuit connections for causing current to flow from the generative winding through a portion of' the series field winding .in a direction opposite to that of the current flow in the shunt winding.

35. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a dynamo having series field winding,

an inductive winding and a field winding shunted across said inductive generativeA winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, -an accumulator, current` using equipment, means for so bringing the accumulatorinto circuit with-series field winding as to cause a current fiow therethrough unidirectional with that in the shunt winding, for creating a substantially supernormal magnetic field forv the production of a high torque for starting of the engine,l

means forlowering the field strength when the dynamo is driven by the engine, and

including circuit connections for causing current to fiow from the generative winding lthrough only a part of' the series field winding, and means for bringing the aforesaid equipment into circuit with the accumulator.

36. In a power system for autovehicles,the combination with a combustion engine, of a dynamo having series field winding, an inductive winding and a field inding shunted across said inductive generative winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, current using equipment, means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit with series field winding as to cause a current fiow therethrough unidirectional with the current fiow in the shunt winding, for creating a strong magnetic field for the production of' h high torque for starting of the engine, means for varying the field strength when the dynamo is driven by the engine, and including circuit 'connections for causing current to flow from the generative winding through aportion of the series field 'winding'in a direction oppositeto that of' current flow in the shunt winding, and means for bringing the aforesaid equipment into circuit with the accumulator.

3T. In a power system for autoveliicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of' a dynamo having series field winding, an inductive winding and a field winding shunted across the inductive generative winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, current using equipment,

means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit with series field winding as to cause a current flow therethrough unidirectional with the current ffow in the shunt windingfor creating a strong magnetic field for the production of a high torque for starting of the engine, means for varying the field strength when the dynamo is driven bythe engine, and including circuit connections for causing current to flow from the generative winding vthrough a portion of the series field winding in av direction opposite to that of current flow in the shunt winding, and means for bringing the accumulator into and out of' receptive charging circuit with the generative winding of the dynamo during driv ing of the dynamo motor by the engine.

38. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with combustion engine, off a dynamo having series field winding, an inductive generative winding` and a field Vwinding shunted across said inductive winding, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator. current using equipment, means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit with series Held winding as to llt) i Y dynamo during driving thereof by the enmay actuate the other. an accumulator,V

cause a current fiow therethrough unidirectional with the current flow in the shunt winding, for creating a strong magnetic field for theproduction of a high torque for starting of the engine, means for varying the field strength -when the dynamo is driven by the engine, and including circuit connections for causing current toflow from the generative winding through a portion of the series field winding in a direction opposite to that of current flow in the shunt winding, means for` bringing the aforesaid equipment ,into circuit with the accumulator and apparatus whereby said accumulator may be brought into. and out of receptive charging circuit with the 'generative winding of the 39. In a power system for autovehicles, ythe combination'with a combustion engine, of a dynamo having 'a plurality of series field windings, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo and engine that each may actuate the other, an accumulator, means for so bringing the accumulator into circuit lwith the series field windings, as to create a substantially supernormal magnetic field for the production of a high torque for starting of' the engine, and means for varying the field strength when the dynamo is driven by the engine, and including circuit connections for excluding from ,field exciting service one of 'said series field vwindings and a portion 'of another of said series field windings,.,dur Y ing driving of the dynamo by the engine.

40. In a power system for autovehicles,.

thecombination with a-combustion engine, of a dynamo having 'a plurality of series field windings, an inductive generative winding, and a field winding'shunted across said inductive winding, mechanism for soaconnecting the dynamo and engine that each means for sobr-inging the accumulator into circuit with the series field windings as to cause a current flow therethrough unidirectional with that in' the shunt winding, for creating a strong magnetic field for the production of ahigh torque for starting of the engine, and means for varying the field strength when the dynamo'is driven by theA engine, and including circuit connections for causing current to fiow Afrom the generative winding through a minor portion of the' series field windings. I

S41. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a dynamo, mechanism for so connecting the dynamov and engine that each may actu-v ate the other, controlling means for bringing the dynamo out of engine actuating relationship vat a predetermined time, means as.

socated with the connecting mechanism for creating in the 'dynamo a substantially suniegue? pei-normal field strength for the production of a high engine starting torque, and means associated with the controlling means, for varying the field strength when the dynamo Vis driven by the engine.

4:2. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with a combustion engine, of a dynamo, mechanism for so connecting the dynamo andv engine that each may actuate the other and including engine starting mechanism, controlling means for effecting disconnection of the dynamo and starting mechanism at a time substantially coincident with assumption of self-propulsion of the engine, means for creating inthe dynamo a substantially supernormal field strength for the production of a high engine starting torque, and associated with said connecting mechanism, and means for varying the magnetic field strength and associthe dynamo withthe engine inengine startj ing capacity during actuation of said dynamo by the engine.

44. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with acombustion engine, of a dynamo,`mechanism including a manually actuable clutch device for connecting the ,dynamo and engine so that the former may start the engine, means whereby 'the engine may drive the dynamo, controlling means for automatically bringing the dynamo out of starting relationship and into receptive driving relationship, land eans under control of the engine for preventingstarting connection of the dynamo and engine during driving of the former by the latter.

45. In a power system for autovehicles,

the combination withfa combustion engine V having a crank shaft, of a dynamo, mechanism for connecting the dynamo andengine whereby the former may start the latter `and the engine may drive the dynamo, control-- -ling means for bringing the dynamo out of starting relationship with the engine', at a predetermined time with respect to angular position 'of the engine crank shaft, and means for preventing engine starting connection of the dynamo and engine during driving of the said dynamo by the engine.

46. In a power system for autovehicles, the combination with the crank shaft of a combustion engine, vof a dynamo, mechanism including a manually atuable gear shifting