US1129038A - Centrifugal pump. - Google Patents

Description

C. V. KBRR.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-27. 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patented Feb. 16, 1915.

"pli sul. l... /l l ..1

v L. GIO

C. V. KERK.

GENTRIFUGALPUMP.

APPLICATION 'ILBD SEP-T.27,1913. 1.129,@38. Patented Feb.16,'1915,

2 SHEETS-"SHEET 2.

Nounou Ifor thesame total head, is

CHARLES VOLNEY KEER, OF WELLSVILLE, NEW YORK. i

'CENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

l mimosa.

Application-filed September 27, 1913.

To all 'Lc/om t may concern `Be it known that LCHARLES V. KERK, a citizen of the United States, residing at VVellsville, in the county of Allegany and .5 State of New Yorlnhave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Pumps', of which thefollowing is a specification. v

My invention relates to centrifugal pumps in general and has for its salient objects to improve the construction of such pumps as to mode of operation and also as to structural details for the accomplishment of the purposes hereinafter set forth. My object in developing the present type of centrifugal pump, is to secure such a form thatwill have good efficiency when running at steam turbine speeds, and delivering a large volume of water at highheads, such as used for power plants, water Works, marine pumping, and lire and similar service.

A further object of my invention is to construct and arrange the blades of the duplex inaeller in such a manner as to replace the expensive and complicated multi-stage centrifugal pumps now generally used for high pressures with virtually a single stage pump of compact and attractive proportions and of the best running qualities, said arrangement at the same time effecting the highest eliiciency attainable in said multistage pumps. Furthermore, by using a single-stage impeller of duplex construction, instead of several impellers of the multi-stage arrangement, the friction and eddy losses due to changes of direction of 'the water passing from one stage to next ,succeeding stage are much reduced, and it Oha's'been found that a duplex impeller las compared with a sigle impeller designed analogous to the lcompound engine compared with the simple `engine. Where saving in heat losses more valves and passages and of radiation.

Another object of my invention is to so construct and arrange the blades of the duplex impeller, that the blades of the first stage or inlet are preferably of a spiroidal type in order to pick up the fluid and act upon it not too abruptly, so as to turn -the same lfrom the axial movement to that of a radial direction to be directly taken up by the centrifugal blades of the second stage and forced out at the discharge.

Specification of Letters Patent.

'than balance the greater resistance of Patented Feb. 16, 1915. serial No. 792,129.

It is for the purpose of securing to the fullest extent possible the accomplishment of the various objects and desiderata above set forth, that I have devised the present improvements, a preferred form of which is shown in the accompanying two sheets forming part of this specification in which similar reference characters indicate the same parts throughout the several gures of the drawings.

The invention consists of structural characteristics and relative arrangements of ele: ments, which will be hereinafter more fully and clearly described, and partiularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a transverse section of the pump on line I-I of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a. section on line Il-H of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an enlarged and fragmentary sectional view of the stepped packing between the casing and impeller; Fig. 4 is a side and enlarged View of the impeller comprising the blades of the rst vstage or inlet of the water: Fig. 5 is a. section of the impeller o n line V-V of Fig. 4, one half being in section and the other half being in elevation; Fig. 6 is a side and enlarged view of the g impeller comprising the blades of the second stage or outlet of the water; 7 is a section on line VII-VI of Fig. 6.

Referring to the drawings 1 is a suitable casing divided on the line I-I and provided with a water inlet 2. which is preferably branched or divided into two symmetrical and Fig.

volute suction chambers 3, 3 for reasons to.

be hereinafter explained. The interior or central section-of the casing has formed therein the rounded or annular opening 4, which leads into the passageway or discharge conduit 5, also preferably of volute shape, said conduit 5 communicating with the outlet opening 6 and being of gradually increasing cross sectional area, as shownin F igs. 1 and 2.

:7, 7, are divided bearing heads suitably secured or bolted to the divisions of the casing and in such a position as to firmly carry and support the impeller shaft 8. Said bearing heads may be provided with the usual chambers, lubricant reservoirs and oiling rings, common in this class of machines and need not be shown or further described as lthey form no essential features of the present invention. The impeller shaft 8 passes through the .casing 1 and through suitable stuiing boxes 9, 9, provided with the usual Water sealed glands and is rotatably supported in the bear-ings 7, 7, as shown. Said shaft may be connected to any form of high speed steam turbine or electric motor by "means of a iexible coupling, as shown for example in my Patent No. 1,073,690, dated September 23, 1913. Attached by a suitable keyor other means, well known in this class of inventions, to said shaft 8 is an impeller or runner 10 preferably made in three sections 10a, 10b and 10, as shown in detail in '.Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7. The sections 10a and 10b comprise the right and left hand spiroidal? lsections for the first stage or inlet,

while` 10c is the multi-blade centrifugal for the second stage or discharge, and receives 'the fluid from `the first stage to be hereinn after described. While I have shown sec- 10, 10b are rigidly held together'in a relation and prevented from'l slipping longitudinally on the shaft 8. I

The impeller or runner 10`may be made of semi-steel, Crucible steel, or non-corroding alloy or bronze, and when the two sections 10a and 10b are properly placed together or 1 with the axis of the impeller.

.normal to the axis of the impeller.

assembled, a periphery of V-shaped or 4conoidalsection 13 is formed, as shown in Fig. 5, having a certain andpredetermined angle Vanes or blades 14, 14, are placed'on the conoidal periphery or section 13,A and are so arranged and machined as to form right and left hand spiroidal working surfaces, as 'shown in Figs. 4 and 5, 'said surfaces being generated by moving a line making a'constant angle with the axis of the impeller, While moving along a helical directriX, which directrix is inclined at a determined angle to a pltrle e outer edges of the blades or vanes 14, 14, of

Aeach section 1011,10, are supported and vheld together by a shroud ring 15, which is preferably cast integral with the impeller sections 10a or 10",. and are stepped on the outer side, as shown, the outer-side of the'inner step .of each section 10 or 10b being provided with aright or left hand threaded portion` 16 For; vpurposes. to be hereinafter'described. 1' l17,'are the inlet edges of the blades or vanes 14, 14, which are spiral vinstead 4of radial, and 18, 18,-'indicate the' discharge edges of the rst stage, said inlet edges orl faees117, 17 being'so arranged as to form anV angle with `the normal .outside face Ao .plane of the impeller. 1

In the form of impeller sections 10a and "10b, unarmed in Figs. a, and 5, six'blades I or 4vanes 14 are Iused. on each side,`which number may be varied to suit conditions and. capacity, if so desired, and .will be fully within the scope of my invention. I have found that this form of ilnpeller or runner sections 10 and 10b is not only theoretically correct but it also permits the vanes and spiroi'dal working surfaces 14, 14, to be readily. machined or smoothed, thereby reducing the frictional resistances and insuring uniform `and eilicient action. Furthermore, by lproviding two sections 10 and 10" instead of a single casting, the same can be cheaply manufactured, easily4 handled and adjusted and made perfectly rigid and balanced, by being engaged and held together by. the multi-blade centrifugal section 10,

as will be hereinafter described, so that said sections 10a and 10b retain their correct form and relationship under the unusual high speeds. While my preferred form is shown in Figs. 4 and 5 in which the blades or vanes 14, 14, on each side are directly opposite each other, I have found that this particulararrangement is not necessary for the successful operation of the pump, and said blades 14 4vmay be'staggered by simply turning on the shaft 8, one of the sections 10 or 10b of the impeller, through any angle, but prefer` ably ene corresponding to one half the peripheral distance between the apexes of the blades Aor vanes 14. l 1

Surrounding the sections 10a and 10b is aniulti-blade centrifugal vsection 10 which is preferably of one piece and 'of the form shown in Figs. 6 and 7, provided with a series of blades 19, 19, independent of the number of blades in sections 10 or 10b, ar ranged within the annular and outwardly converging nozlzle 20, and having a series of peripheral openings 21. The blades in this. centrifugal section have also spiroidal working surfaces generated by a line remaining parallel to the shaft while moving outwardly along a spiral directrix. Said section 10c is provided on its inner side with right and left hand screw threads 22 which are adapted to be engaged IIby the corresponding threads 16 von the sections 10a and 10" and` firmly', hold said sec ions together into a unitary structure, and at the same time saidy threads prevent them from separating, as

during the operation of the pump the turning effort of the impeller'tightens the parts together.. The section 10c isrso constructedI and arranged that when the same 'is Vsecured to the sections 10a and 10", the inner surface *or"passageway of the nozzle '20, forms a continuation of the passageways within the sections 10'4 and 1 0", and the annular nozzle projects. through the annular openingfli into the volute discharge conduit 5 as shawn inIi`ig.1.-j-yl 1 The' walls lof the casing 1 atk each vside ofthe opening 4 are provided-with airing 23- having a stepped 'innerperiphery corre vention of duplex centrifugal .type is t*mammie spending to the stepped periphery of the outer ends of the impeller l0, whereby is formed a Huid packing between the impeller sections 10a, 10b and 10c, and thecasing 1.

During the operation of the impeller 10, rotating rapidly in the direction of the arrows shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the water flows through the intakeor inlet 2 and is divided and carried into two volute suction chambers 3, 3, and is then properly taken up in its first stage by the spiral shaped inlet edges 17, 17, yon opposite sides of the impeller sectionsy 10"* and 10", which enter into the streams of water like a Wedgesplitting wood, and )the spiroidal shaped working faces of the blades or vanes 14, 14, then act flatwise upon the water, instead of edgewise, as in the usual form of helical pumps,

and the water is spirally discharged through a well rounded rotary and annular orifice without any change of direction or appreciable frictional losses, directly into the inlet of the second stage or multi-blade centrifugal 10c having the same rotary velocity, where it is taken up by the blades 19, 19, within the rotary nozzle 2O,4 and through out spirally into the volute discharge conduit 5, and forced out through the outlet 6. Owing to the stepped joints between the impeller 10 andthe casing l as heretofore explained, the leakage between the v discharge and the suction chambers is prevented by the step up Huid packing between said impeller and casing, which packing at the same time prevents any quick endwise movement of the shaft.

- While I have shown a double suction pump, it will be readily seen that the same form of 'impeller and casing having suction and discharge chambers could-be adopted for single suction pumps without avoiding the essential features of the present 1nform ojimpeller. It will alsorbe seen that by dividing the c asing l, and bearings 7, 7 as Vshown in Figs. 1 and 2, one side of the casing can be removed and permit of taking out the impeller and shaft without disturbing the water inlet and outlet connections with the casing 1. im

Diffusion vanes could be used in conjunction with the impeller, but I have found them n ot essential for the ei'icient operation of' tile pump and the centrifugal blade could be used for the first stage or inlet, but I have 'found that the spiroidaltype, as herein shown and described, isv far superior in operation and is the preferred type for the reason that it is better. adapted to pick up the Water and ac t upon it in making'the turn from the axialbto the radial, while the iideal for second stage or discharge.A

It will be readily seen that owing to the relation of the volute suction chamber or chambers 3, the annular opening 4, 'voiu'te discharge 5, and the sections 10B, 10" and 10c ofthe impeller 1Q, the fluid is directed into and moves with the duplex impeller in a perfect spiral path, thereby taking up A the Arapid movement of the impeller without any churning action and producing a smooth and eiicientoperation of thesame.

From the foregoing disclosure, it `will be readily seen that the casing, bearings, shaft and impeller and its parts are easily accessible and the construction ofthe pump is such that all the parts of the same may be cheaply and accurately manufactured, quickly installedand adjusted, or replaced; so as to insure steady and continuous operation under the highest of speeds and with excellent efficiency. I do not herein claim the construction and arrangement of vanes or blades of Athe first 5 stage of the impeller'pe?1 se, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, as that is the subject-matter of a separate and copending application led by me on August 27, 1913, SerialvNo. 786,946.

What I claim is 1. A rotary impeller for centrifugal pumps having a conoidal ridge on which is a series of vanes arranged as spiroidal surfaces, and a` hollow annular centrifugal nozzle rigidly connected with the vanes and adapted to receive the fluid directly from the vanes and convey the same through the nozzle.

2. A.v rotary impeller yfor centrifugal pumps having a conoida-l ridge onfwhich is a series of vanes arranged as right and left hand spiroidal surfaces having a spiroidal entering edge, and a hollow annular centrifugal nozzle rigidly connected with the vanes and adapted to receive the Huid directly from the vanes and convey the same through the nozzle.

- 3. A rotary impeller for centrifugal pumps having an imperforate colloidal ridge on which is a series of'vanes arranged as spiroids and a hollow annular centrifugal nozzle rigidly connected with the periphery of the vanes and arranged normal to the axis of the impeller, and adapted to directly receive the Huid from the vanes and convey the same through the nozzle..

rotary impeller for centrifugal pumps having an imperforate conoidal ridge'on which is a series of vanes arranged as right and left hand spiroids, and a hollow annular centrifugal nozzle rigidly connected I I with the periphery of the vanesand are ranged normal to the axis 'of the impeller, .i225

ice

t l P conoidal ridge on Whichfis a 'series of varies' 'arranged im as right and left' hand spiroids, shroudrings surrounding and connected with the peripheries of the vanes, and a hollow annular cen',- trifugal nozzle rigidly connected with the shroud ringsof the vanes and arrangednormal tothe axis of the impeller, and adapted to directly receive the fluid from the vanes I and convey the same through the nozzle.

6. A rotary impeller for centrifugal and having a clined aty an angle to a plane noi'dal lsurfacebeing 'generated by revolving a line ut the axis of the shaft,and aholloW annular centrifugalnozzle rigidly connectedwith the periphery of the vanes and normal to the axis ofthe shaft, and adapted to directly'receive theliuid Vfrom the vanes and convey ,the saine through the nozzle.

7. A rotary impeller for centrifugal pumps comprising"-a rotary shaft, two independen' against rotation on said shaft and symmetrilcally arranged With respect tovthe'axis of said shaft andhaving .their bases adjoining each other, 'a series of vanes or blades arranged as right and left hand spiroidal surfaces on said sections, and a hollow annular centrifugal.I nozzle surrounding and;` rigidly connectedwith said sections and holding the same against separation and longitudinal movement on .said shaft,` said centrifugal .nozzlebeing arranged normal to the axis of .the shaft andadapted to receive directly the fluid from the vanes and convey the same' through the nozzle.

, 8. A rotary impeller for centrifugal pumps'comprising a rotary shaft, two independent conoidal surfaces surrounding and held against rotation on said shaft and symmetrically arranged with respect tothe axis of said shaft and having their-bases adjoining each other which form a central comb or ridge,`a series of varies or blades arranged as right and left hand spiroidal surfaces/on said conoidall surfaces, and a hollow annular centrifugal nozzle surrounding and 'rigidly connected with said conoidal surfaces and holding thesame againstseparation and longitudinalmovement oinsaid shaft, said centrifugal lnozzle being arranged normal to the axis of the shaft andadapted to receive vdirectly the fluid from thevaiies and convey the same through the nozzle.-

9.: A rotary impeller for centrifugalpumps\` l'conoidal surfaces surrounding symmetrically ar sections surrounding and heldl comprising a rotary shaft, two independent and held against rotation on said shaft andsyninietrically arranged with respect to the axis of said shaft and having their bases adjoining each other which form a central comb or ridge, a series of vanes or blades arranged as'spiroidal surfaces on each of said conoidal surfaces,'a shroud ring surrounding and connected with the blades for each of the conoidal surfaces and having screw threads on i-ts outer surface, and a hollow annular lcentrifugal nozzlesurrounding and having screw threadson its internal periphery en.

gaging the threads on the shroudv rings and holding the Asaid independent conoidal surfaces againstseparation and longitudinal movement on said shaft, said centrifugal .nozzle being arranged normal to the axis of the shaft and adapted' to receive directly :the fluid from the vanes and conveyvthe same through the nozzle.

. 10. In a centrifugal pump the combination of a casing having volute suction and discharge conduits and an annular opening connecting the suction with the discharge conduit, an impeller having a central conoidal ridge, spiroidal blades on said conoidal ridge for drawing the water from the suction conduit 'into and through the iinpeller', and an annular centrifugal runner surrounding and rigidly connected with the periphery of the impeller and projecting through the annular-opening into the discharge conduit, whereby' the fluid in the first stage is acted upon by the spirodal blades of the Iimpeller and conveyed directly and radially into the centrifugal runner to be acted upon in the second .stage and .forced through the 'runner and out of the discharge opening.

l11. In a centrifugal pump the combination of a casing having volute suction and discharge conduits and an annular opening connectingl the suction withl the discharge conduit, an impeller having a central conoidal ridge, right and left spiroidal ,Llades on 'said conoidal ridge for drawing theA Water from the suction conduit into'and through the impeller, and an annular centrifugal runner surrounding and rigidly connected with the periphery of the impeller 'and' projecting through the annular opening into the discharge conduit, whereby the fluid inthe first stage is acted upon by the spiroidal blades of the impeller and conveyed 4directly and radially into the centrifugal runner to be acted upon in the second stage and forced through the runner and out of the discharge opening.

121.1111 a centrifugal puinp the combination of a casing having volute suction and discharge conduits and an annular opening connecting' the suction with the discharge Aconduitb-a rotary shaft, an impeller having Maanen' a central conoidal ridge on said shaft, right and left spiroidal blades on said conoidal ridge. -tor drawing the Water from the suction conduit into and through the impeller, said spiroidal blades being generated by a line which moves with a constant angle with respect to the axis of the shaft or impeller While moving along a helical directrix inclined" at an angle to a plane normal to the upon by the spiroidal blades of the impeller and conveyed directly and radially into the centrifugal runner to be acted upon in the second stage and forced through the runner and out of the discharge opening.

13. A duplex impeller for centrifugal pumps comprising two stages. 'the rst stage consisting of a set of right hand varies attached to a ccnoidal body and of a set of left hand vanes attached to a second conoidal body, and the second stage consisting of a rotary annular nozzle having vanes fixed internally near the periphery thereof, said partsbeing assembled so that the first stage vanes discharge spirally outward into the second stage vanes.

14. A duplex impeller for centrifugal pumps comprising two stages, the first stage consisting of sets of right and lelt hand spiroidal vanes arranged to discharge spirally outward and toward each other, and the second stage consisting of an annular rotary :nozzle surrounding said spiroidal -vanes and having varies therein adapted to discharge with increased` velocity the fluid conveyed thereto by said iirst stage vanes, said impeller being normally mounted on a rotary shaft and assembled with a casing having volute suction and discharge passages.

In testimony whereof l1 aiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

CHARLES VOLNEY KEER.

lVitnesses (dnas. O. Livnninicnn, VOLNEY A. linnn.

Images