US1128180A

US1128180A - Automatic firearm.

Info

Publication number: US1128180A
Application number: US77530513A
Authority: US
Inventors: Benjamin Orman
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1913-06-23
Filing date: 1913-06-23
Publication date: 1915-02-09
Anticipated expiration: 1932-02-09

Description

B. ORMAN.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23,1913.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

B. ORMAN.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPL1GATIONI'ILED JUNE 2a, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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dad 2414 TED sgra'rns rATENT ()FFICE.

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' ammmmirmm *Toall whom z't-may concern:

I Be itknown that I, BENJAMIN ORMAN, a subject 'ofthe King of Great Britain, residing at 34 Gordon road, Belvedere, in the 5 county of Kent, England, have invented certain newand usefullmprovements in Auto- 'matic-Firearmgef which the-following is a specification. v p

This invention relates to automatic firearms particularly pistols, of the kind in whichv the barrel and-the bolt recoil'for a 'short distance together against the resistanee of springs and "then become unlocked by the movement of a rotary bolt head whereupon the barrel returns'to the firing position under the. reaction of its spring while the bolt continues to recoil, thus opening the breech-effecting the extraction and ejection ofthe empty cartridge case and cooking the hammer, after which the bolt is returned by the reaction of its spring and in advancing to close the breech pushes a fresh cartridge-from a magazine into the barrel and bythe reverse rotary movement of the bolt'head becomes re-locked to the barrel ready for then'ext discharge. The bolt comprisestwo principal parts, one the body and the-other a rotary quick threaded stem having at its outer end or head the usual locking segments or interrupted threads for engaging with corresponding cavities or threads in the barrel extension,

thesetwo parts being so arrangedthatthe angular movement of the stemneoessary for locking and unlocking the boltto and from the barrel is effected by the body sliding on .the stem during the final closing and the initial opening of the'breech. According to my invention the bolt is so constructed and arranged that during the recoil of the barrel the rearward movement of the body ofthe boltis accelerated by suitable means so that the said body will move faster than the stem, and in so doing will travel along ment of the locking segments and permitting the bolt to perform its rearward move- 'ment to open the breech, while the barrel returns to the firing position. As the bolt advances .toelose" the breech the movement of the stem -.is arrested by its head coming against the barrel and the body continues to advance independently of the stem with Specification of Letters Patent.

the latter and cause it to turn inthe reverse direction for thus etfectingthe' disengage barrel. The rearward extension of the barrel may have a pair of parallel rearwardly extending bars serving as guides for the bolt l and. these bars may be suitably shaped for controlling the escape of the cartridge from the magazine under the influence of the spring lifter, so that the uppermost cartridge of the magazine will be permitted to leave the magazine as the barrel regains its 'firingposition after recoil and assume the proper position for being introduced into the barrel by the bolt as it advances in closing the breech. The extractor is preferably made integral with a spring collar or clip which isadapted to be sprung into position around the stem immediately behind the locking head, withoutrequiring any screw pins or the like'for holding it in position.

In order-what the said invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect, the same will now be described more fully with .reference to the accompanying drawings, in' which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an automatic pistol constructed acording to my invention. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional elevation showing a cartridge in the loading position ready to be pushed into the barrel by the bolt as it advances to close the breech.

Fig. 3 is a sectional planon the line 11 of accelerated movement of the body of the bolt during recoil. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation, Fig. 6 a plan and Fig. 7 an underside v1ew of the bolt detached from the pistol. Fig. 8

'is an end View of the bolt as seen from the left of Fig. 5. Fig. 9 is a cross section on the line 2.2 of Fig. 5. Fig. 9f is a view showing the extractor detached from the stem of the bolt. Fig. 10 is a plan of the barrel extension and its rearwardly extending bars and Fig. 11 is an end view as seen from the right of Fig. 10. f 1

In all these figures like letters of reference indicate similar parts. I

A is thebarrel, and B the bolt.

C C are the recoil and return springs for the bolt and barrel respectively the said,

springs being of spiral form and carried by rods 0' 0 which project inwardly from the rear wall of the breech casing C which is detachable. The sprin s C extend into holes 2 formed in the b0 y of the bolt, each of which holes is formed with a reduced por Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

"Application filed June 23, 1913. Serial No. 775,305.

tion as shown in Fig. 1,- thus providing-a shoulder against which the-end of the spring abuts. The barrel extension a is provided with rearwardly extending bars a provided with holes 3 which receive the ends of the rods while the springs (3 abut rear surfaces of the bars.

. D is-the-firingpin- Fis the sear and G is the trigger. 5

H is the stock or handle of the weapon which is adapted to contain the magazine J The stock H is provided with a platform H having an opening 5 within which a hammer releasing member is adapted to slide. This memberconsists of a front plate 6, a bar 7 and a rear plate 8; The-trigger G is provided with a nose 4 which engages with an opening in thefront plate 6, and a spring 10 abuts at oneend against the plate 6 and at its other end against a downwardly extending flange 11' formed integral with the platform H, so that when'thetrigger is pulled, the hammer. releasing member is moved forward ,and when the trigger is re leased the member is returned to its normal I beseen that when the releasing member is I moved forward by means of the trigger, the I sear F will be pulled away from the hammer which is thus released.

The barrel A is adapted to slide on the against the;

"iipper surface or platform H of the stock. 1

a pivoted at a to the barrel extension so as "H, for which purpose 'the barrel extensiona is formed with longitudinal grooves a engaging with the'edge's' of the said platform. The rearwardly extending bars a of the barrel extension a serveas guides for the body of the bolt which is flanged at 6 b to engage with the said guides and slides thereon without turning about. its axis. These guide bars a are also so formed that they operate 'to control the escape of the cartridges from ex lained. a

' he body of the bolt B carries the rotary stem 6 which "is formed with a quick threadon its outer surface engaging with a corresponding internally threaded portion'b' in the body of the bolt; the outer end or head of the said stem having the usual locking the magazine as hereinafter segments 6 for engaging with corresponding cayities a in the barrel extension a when the breech is closedand angular movement imparted to' the said stem (Fig. 11'). In order to effect the opening of the breech during recoil angular movement is imparted to thesaid stem by accelerating the movement of the body of the bolt relatively to the stem, which movement is obtained in the example shown, by means of an arm or lever of the bolt.

' ber (Fig. 2

tomove with the barrel, the said lever being housed in a cavity a"-. This lever has a toe piece a. which works in a slot k formed in the platform H. (Fig. 3) and on recoil of the barrel comes against the rear end'of the the body .of the bolt and forcibly p'rojectit E is the hammer and E the main spring.

rearwardly away from the barrel with an accelerated movement. Instead of arranging the. toe piece a to strike-the-end of the aforesaid slot it may be arrangedto' strike a' shoulder or projection on the platform.

"This accelerated moyement'of the bolt body causes the stem-tb turn into a position to unlock its head from the barrel extension withthe result that the bolt body and the stem continue to move r'earwardly together independently of theba'rreland thus open 5 the breech. On the return of the barrel to the firingposition the said lever a will return' to its original position by the action of a spring a or' by t e aforesaid toe piece coming against the forward end of the said slot 7:, jection. v I v The body of the bolt Bis shown provided through longitudinal slots 0 0 formed in the opposite 'sidesof the detachable casing 0,. (Fig. 4), the saidpins or projections" being provided with heads of suitablesh ape or against a fixed shoulderorpror I with pins .or projections 6" extending to enable them to be conveniently clasped between the'finger .and thumb of the user whenit is hand.

The aforesaid guide bars a of the barrel extension are so formed that they 'lie somewhat closer together at their rear than at their forward parts where they join 'the.

desired to operate the bolt by barrel extension (Fig; 10) so that. a cartridge in leaving .the magazine'cannot escape bodily upward but assumes an inclined position with itsnose directed toward an incline-- a leading to thecartridge chamber and its rear end slightly projecting. into the path" close the "breech the locking head I)- will meet the projecting part of the base of the cartridge and push the latter forwardup is in theform of an inwardly projecting lug.

a against which the base .of the empty cartridge cases will strike as, they are with- As'the said bolt advances to drawn "from the' barrel by the extractor b during the recoil movement; of the boltin opening the breech. In order to enable the ejector to reach the base of the cartridge case durin the recoil the underside of the bolt body is formed with a slot 6 and the bolt stemand its head are provided with a groove b;

The firing pin exds' longitudinally ,which is struck by the hammer E. The

said firing pin has only a limited movement which is controlled by a transverse pin b engaging a slot d formed in the 'block d. The nose or point of the firing pin is normally prevented from protruding beyond the face of the locking head of the bolt stem by means of a spiral spring (1 which is located in a cavity in the stem b immediately in front of the block d, so that until the block (Z of the said firing pin is struck by the hammer E and caused to move outward against the resistance of the said spring (1 the firing pin cannot come into contact with the primer of the cartridge in the barrel and unintentionally fire the weapon.

The extractor forms part of a spring collar or clip I) which can be sprung into position around the stem 1) immediately behind the locking head Without requiring any'screw pins or the like for holding it in place as aforesaid. The stem may. have an annular groove or recess for the reception of the said clip and a longitudinal groove is formed through the said head for the claw of the extractor to project through. When the stem 5 rotates in opening and closing the breech, the extractor rotates withit and the claw of the extractor slips around the flange of the cartridge.

Contiguous to the trigger is a pivoted safety catch K which is provided with a thumb piece 7: to enable it tobe turned into a more or less horizontal position whereupon it comes into contact with the trigger G and prevents the latter from beingpulled; in assuming this position it also becomes disclosed to-view and thereby provides avisible indication as to Whether the weapon is in the safety condition or not.

Although I have described my invention more particularly with respect to pistols I wish it to be understood that it is-also applicable to rifles. e

\VhatI claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States is 1. In an automatic firearmthe combination of a bolt comprising a body portion and a rotary quick threaded stem carrying the locking head with means whereby during the recoil of the barrel the rearward move-. ment of the body portion ofthe bolt is accelerated to cause the said body to movefaster than the stem so that the stem is turned in the proper direction to unlock it from the barrel.

. I 2. In an automatic firearm, the combination with a recoiling barrel and a bolt comprising a body portion and a rotary uick threaded stem carrying a locking hea of means whereby during the recoil of the barrel the rearward movement of the body portion of the bolt isaccelerated to cause the I said body to move faster than the stem so that the stem is turned in'the proper direcently of the barrel.

3, In an automatic firearm, the combination with a recoiling barrel and a bolt comprising a body portion and a rotary quick threaded stein carrying a locking head, of means connected to the barrel and uncoir nected ,with the bolt for imparting to the latter an accelerated motion during the recoil of the barrel whereby the stem is caused to turn and become unlocked from the barrel. I

I. In an automatic firearm, the combination with a recoiling barrel and a bolt comprising a body portion and a rotary quick threaded stem carrying a locking head, of a lever pivoted to the barrel and adapted during the recoil of the barrel, to strik the body of the bolt so as to give it an accelerated movement whereby the stem is turned and unlocked from the barrel, means for returning the barrel to the firing position, and means for returning the bolt independently of the barrel.

5. In an automatic firearm, the combinationwith the barrel extension of rearwardly extending bars which are closer together at their rear ends than at.their forwardends whereby a cartridge passing upwardly between them is tilted so that the nose of the bullet projects upward, and an inclined surface formed on the barrelextension and between the said bars for guiding the cartridge into the barrel.

6. In an automatic firearm the combina tion with the bolt'stem of a cartridge eX-.

tor forming part of a spring clip which is sprung into position around the bolt stem immediately behind the lockinghead. I

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

BENJAMIN ORMAN.

lVitnesses:

SIDNEY ARTHUR STANLEY, O. J. WORTH.