US1127980A

US1127980A - Engine-valve.

Info

Publication number: US1127980A
Application number: US78009613A
Authority: US
Inventors: William H Fauber
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1913-07-21
Filing date: 1913-07-21
Publication date: 1915-02-09
Anticipated expiration: 1932-02-09

Description

W. H. FA'UBER.

ENGINE VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 21, 1913.

' Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

m'mm

W. H. FAUBER.

ENGINE VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY'21, 191s.

1 1?,90 Patented Feb.9,1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 @9 MA flrwuw u g W. H. FAUBER.

ENGINE VALVE.

W. H. PAUBER.

ENGINE VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 21, 1913.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

ELJQKQW 4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

rarer ormp WILLIAM FAUBER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

Enema-venue.

Application filed July 21. 1913. serial No. 780,096.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that ll, WILLIAM H. F UBER,

v a citizen-of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engine-Valvesnaud11-do hereby declare that the following a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. v

This inventionrelates tovalves for controlling the admission or exhaust of fluid to or from a space or chamber subject to fluid pressure, such as the cylinder of an engine, pump, compressor, or the like.

My invention includes features of construction applicable to valves of that kind embracing a valve casing having a cylindric valve "chamber and a 'cylindric valve memher having bearing in said valve chamber, and it also includes'features of construction applicable to valves of that kind described in my prior application, Serial Number 735,839, filed Decemb r-9th, 1912, wherein the pressure tendingi to' lift the movable valve member fromit's seat "is resisted or drawings, as applied to a single cylin er,* "internal combustion engine, butit 1s to be understood that the principal features of the invention maybe applied to internal combustion engines having plurality of cylinders, and that some of the features of the invention may be applied to rotary as well as reciprocating GIIglIlGS and to pumps or compressors, as well as to engines.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described and pointed out in the appended claims. 7

1n the accompanyin drawings-Figure 1 is a sectional view 0 a valve embodying some of the principal features of my invention, taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. a, tale.

a plan view of the valve with parts broken away-to show a portion of the valve seat; Fig. 3 is a view in central longitudinal section of the valve shown in Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 4 isa-view in end elevation of the form of val've shown in Figs. 1 to 3; Fig. 5 is a f detail section, taken on line 5-+5-of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a detail section, taken on line66 of F ig. 2; Fig. 7 is a detail section, taken on line 7- 7 of Fig. 2; Fig. 8 is a cross-section corresponding to Fig. 1, showing a form of valve containing additional impr0vements Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section, taken on line 9-9 of Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is a detail plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 8, with the valve and pressure block removed from the valve casing; Fig. 11 is a sectional. View taken on line 11-11 of Fig. 12, the same corresponding with Figs. 1 and 8 and showing a modification of the construction shown in said Fig. 8; and Fig. 12 is a plan view of the form of valve shown in Fig. 1]..

1n the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated my invention in connection with the power cylinder 5 of an internal combustion or explosive engine. Said cylinder-5 is provided with a valve casing 6 made integral with the head of the cylinder and provided with a cylindric valve chamberwhich extends transversely with regard to the central axis of the cylinder and within which is located arotative cylindric valve member7. v 1 Y oneside of the valve casing 6 is an admission pipe 9 forming a passage through which the ex )losive mixture is delivered to the valve an which isprovided with an ad imission opening 9. 'Atthe' opposite side of the valve casing, an exhaust pipe l0 is provided, said pipe being provided with an exhaust opening 10 The valve chamber is provided with a cylinder port 11 which extends lengthwise of the valve casing and transversely of the cylinder head and opens from the valve seat.

through the cylinder head into the interior of the cylinder. The valve chamber is also provided,"at one side of the cylinder port, with two

admission ports

12, 12 and at. the opposite sideof the same with two-

exhaust ports

13, 13 The ports 12, l2 are arranged in line with each other longitudi nally of the valve casing, as are also the

exhaust ports

13, 13 The ports 12,-12 in one instance, and the

ports

13, 13", in the other instance, are separated from each.

other by bridge members 14, 15 (Fig. 8), forming part of the cylinder head and ar ranged in line with each other circumferentiallyof the valve chamber. lhe supply ports 12, 12are connected with the supply pipe 9, while the

exhaust ports

13, 13 are similarly connected with the exhaust pipe 10.

The cylindric valve member 7 is provided with two laterally facing

recesses

16, 16 arranged at opposite sides of the valve member or at an angular distance of 180 apart and corresponding in length with the cylinder port. Said admission and exhaust ports are located at angular distances from the cylinder port corresponding with the width of the valve recesses 16 and at approximately an angle of 45 with regard to said cylinder port. The valve, as illustrated, is designed for a four-cycle, internal combustion engine and the valve member 7, having two

valve recesses

16, 16 at opposite sides thereof, is turned or driven, by suitable connection with the crank shaft of the engine, in such maner that the valve member will be rotated once for, each four revolutions of the crank shaft, so that its speed of rotation will be one-half that of a valve member provided with only one valve recess, such as illustrated in my prior application, Serial N 0. 358,839, hereinbefore referred to. The said

recesses

16 and 16 are adapted in the rotative movement of the valve member to bring the cylinder port alternately into communication with, the two inlet ports and the two exhaust ports, and a" complete cycle of operation of the engine will take place once in each complete rotation of the valve member.

In the top Wall of the valve casing be tween the inlet and exhaust ports is formed a longitudinall extending slot or opening preferably ma e somewhat wider than the diameter of the valve member 7 and equal in length to the same. Within said opening is located a movable pressure block 18.

Said block 18 has a concave inner face which bears against the cylindric surface of the valve member 7 at the side of the same diametrically opposite the part of the valve seat containing the cylinder port. Said pressure block is pressed or' held against the valve member by means as followsz An auxiliary cylinder 19. isprovided on the cylinder head, the same-communicating at one end withthe interior of the cylinder. A piston 21 is located in said cylinder and has attached thereto a piston rod 22 arranged to act on a lever 23 located above and pivotally connected with the valve casing. As shown, the cylinder 19'opens at its upper or outer end into the inlet passage 0, and the piston rod passes through a removable cap 9 inthe top wall of said inlet passage. Said lever 23 is adapted to act uponone side of the pressure block in amanner to-press Y the same inwardly while the opposite side of said pressure block is held from outward movement by means of a plate 24 attached to the valve casing and overlapping an outwardly facing shoulder 25 on the pressure block. At the exhaust side of the valve, the pressure block is spaced slightly from the valve casing and is held by the plate 24 at its lower edge closely against an upwardly facing surface or shoulder on said valve casing, while at the inlet side of the valve, a space is provided between the pressure block and the valve casing to provide for expansion, wear and movability of the block. A packing strip or gasket 18 is inserted in a groove in the side wall of the casing, and

bears against the pressure block to close the said space. By reason of these features, the pressure block has slight freedom of motion in a sidewise direction, so that it may adjust itself perfectly'to the surface of the valve member. Moreover, said pressure block, at the exhaust side of the valve, is held closely against the shoulder on the casing, so that oil cannot escape and dust cannot enter at this point.

In the construction shown, the lever 23 is provided with an elongated bearing member 23, which extends longitudinally of the pressure block and has bearing at its ends in

bearing blocks

26, 26, which are secured by screws 26*, 26 to the valve casing. The bearing .member 23 is provided with arms .23", 23* which are adapted to bear downwardly against an upwardly facing shoulder 25 formed on the adjacent side 'face of the pressure block,

The lever 23, which is shown as extending outwardly beyond 'the piston rod 22, is provided with'a finger piece 23, to which the hand may be a plied for depressing the outer end of said ever to relieve the pressure block from the action of said lever when it is desired to remove the pressure block endwise from the valve casing.

interposed between the piston rod 22 and the valve casing, is a spring 27 arranged to act constantly on said piston rod, to move the same endwise toward the lever 23, or in y the same direction in which it is moved by the pressure within the cylinder acting on the piston 21. As shown, the spring 27 is in the form of atapered, coiled spring which bears at its base against an annular scat, formed on the casing, aroundthejupper end of the cylinder 19, and at..'-its upper end against a collar 22 orisaid piston rod. The spring 27 thus arranged acts to exert constant pressure of the piston rod against the lever 23 and through said lever against the pressure block,to hold said pressure block in contact with the valve member 7. Said spring is made to act with a sufiicient'pressure to hold the pressure block in contact with the valve 7 and the latter in contact I menace I in with its seat, at times when there is a partial vacuum in the cylindertending-to draw the piston 21 downwardly or inwardly, thereby preventing the pressure block from being lifted and the valve member rising from its seat under vertical movement or jarring of the engine such. as takes place in an auto-' mobile or motor-cycle. The said spring also serves to take up all lost motion inthe parts between the piston rod and the valve member. 4

Now referring more particularly to the details of construction shown in Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive of the accompanying drawings: the pressure block 18 is recessed in its upper portion and is provided with a pluralitypf crosswise, vertical partitions, to give rigidity thereto. The recessed top of the block is closed by means of a separate cover plate 18 engaged at its side edges with longitudinal grooves in the vertical side portions of the pressure block. Said pressure block, at one end of the same (Figs. 2 and 5), is provided with longitudinal and transverse partitions. forming with the cover plate a space or chamber 28 which communicates with the interior of the valve chamber by means of a port 28-. The wall of the said pressure block adjacent to said chamber 28 is provided with a plurality of air inlet openings 29. This construction provides means by which air may be admitted to one end of each of the valve recesses 16, 16*, when either of said recesses is in position for communication with said port 28, as shown in Fig. 5. At its end opposite that contain ng the chamber '28, the pressure block provided with partitions forming a chamber 30, which communicates, by means of a port 30, with the interior of the valve chamber; said port 30 being arranged in longitudinal alinement with the port 28*. Said chamber 30 extends through the end of the pressure block and communicates with a space or chamber 31 formed on the end of the valve casing exterior to the valve member, by means of a recessed cap plate 32. Said cap-plate is shown as held in place by two screws 32, 32 (Fig. 4) inserted into the end of the valve casing. For the endwise removal of the pressure blockJf-rom the valve casing, the screw 32 can be re? moved and the cap plate swung on the screw 32 to a position to permit such removal. Said space or chamber 31 is in communication with a laterally arranged outlet pipe 31 (Fig. 2) which leads to and is connected with the air inlet to the carbureting device of the engine. The purpose of the chambers 28 and 80, arranged and connected as described, is to secure the removal from the valve recesses 16, 16* of all of the gas or explosive charge received by said valve recesses from the

inlet ports

12, 12 and carried from said inlet ports toward the exair will be induced through the chamber 28- into' one end of the valve recess, while any portion of the charge, or gas, contained in said recess will be drawn from the opposite end of said recess through the chamber 31 and the outlet pipe 31*. Perhaps this will be better understood by making specific reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings. In this figure, the'valve member 7 is shownin the position it occupies when the valve recess 16 provides communication between the

inlet ports

12, 12" and the cylinder port 11, while the opposite valve recess 16 'is in communication at its ends with the

ports

28 and 30, respectively. With the'engine piston in the cylinder 5 on its downward or suction stroke, a partial vacuum is created in the air inlet of the carbureter, which accomplishes the two-fold function of supplying an explosive mixtureto the engine cylinder and creating a partial vacuum in the valve recess 16 through the port 30 and pipe 31. Air is thus drawn into the valve recess 16 through the port 28 and any portion of the charge of gas in said valve recess 16 will be drawn into the carburetor through the pipe 31. In this manner the valve recess 16 is cleared of any portion of the charge of gas that may be contained therein by scavenging air entering said valve recess through the port 28*.

As an improved construction in the exhaust pipe ,10, in Figs. 1 to 4, 1 have shown the same as consisting of a single piece of sheet metal, separate irom the valve casing. Such separate pipe is made of cylindric form, with an'integral, lateral, transverse neck forming the outlet 10. The pipe 10 thus made is adapted to fit withina concave, laterally facing seat, formed on the side wall of the valve casing at the exhaust side of the same. Between the said pipe and the seat therefor 0n the valve casing, is located a heat-insulating layer 10 (Fig; 1). "The said pipe is provided with a plurality of lugs 10, 10 (Fig.2), through which are inserted screws or

bolts

10, 10, which enter the side wall of the valve casin and serve to hold said pipe in place on t e said casing. By making the said exhaust pipe 10 separate from the valve casing, and providing the interposed insulating layer 10", adapted to prevent the transmission of heat from said pipe to the valve casing, the said pipe may expandand contract without producing any corresponding expansion and contraction-in the valve casing at the exhaust side of the same,-"thereby avoiding liability of distorlows: A- shaft 33 extends through the interior of thevalve member and at one end is "connected with said valve member. The

means of connection shown consists of a a pin 34 which is secured at its ends in the end y and an annular portion of the valve member and passes loosely through a transverse aperture in the adjacent end of said shaft 33. To the opposite'end of said shaft 33 is secured a sprocket-wheel 34 over which is trained a driving chain or belt 35 which receives its motion from the crank shaft of the engine. An anti-friction. bearing is provided be- .tween the end of the shaft33-adjacent to the sprocket-wheel 34 and the part 6 of the valve casin which surrounds said shaft beyond the a jacent end of-the valve chamber. Asillustrated, a bearing sleeve 33 is mount- ;ed on the cylindric end portion of the shaft 33 and a series of bearing balls 35 are interposed between a roove 33 in said'sleeve ed bearing, formed by means of two bearing rings 36 which are secured in an annular seat on the part 6 of the valve casing. The bearing groove 33 is made considerably wider than the bearing.

balls 35 so that the valve member 7 may have aslight. degree of endwise movement or play to prevent the wearing of grooves in the valve member and valve seat. The

sprocket-wheel 34 is shown as secured directly to. the bearing sleeve 33 while said bearing sleeve is held-from turning or rotation on the shaft 33 by means which permit said sleeve to turn without driving the valve member in case the valve member should be held from rotation by the intro- As illustrated, the shaft 33 is provided with a transverse bore 33 in which is located a ball 36 and a coiled spring 36, which latter acts on said ball in a direction to force the same beyond the end of the said bore. The bearing sleeve 33 is provided with a recess adapted to receive the portion of saidball 3G which is thrust outwardly beyond the end of said bore by the action of the spring 36. Theengagement of the ball 36 with the said recess serves to afford a driving connection between the sprocket-wheel and the shaft, which 'will prevent any relative rotation of these parts under usual conditions of operation, but

The general operation of the means for maintaining pressure 'of'the pressure block against the valve member, embracing the piston 21 and means for transmitting pressure from said piston to the pressure block, is like that set forth in my prior application hereinbefore referred to, the pressure transmitted from the piston to the pressure block being variable in accordance with the increase and decrease of pressure within the cylinder. In this connection, it is to be understood that the movement given to the pressure block is very'slight, and is due to the action of the lever 23 on one side of said pressure block; the other side of said block being held from rising by the fixed plate 24. The construction in which the pressure block is engaged at oneside with the valve casing and at its opposite side with the lever 23, has the advantage that when the outer end of the lever 23 is depressed to relieve the pressure of said lever on the. pressure block, the latter may he slipped endwise from its place and thereby easily removed to permit It)he inspection or removal of the valve mem- Compared with the construction shown in my prior application referred to, the form of rotative valve'member having two opposite recesses and admission and exhaust ports having angular relation to the cylinder port materially less than 90, and preferably about 415, has advantages which will appear from-the following. By the use of two opposite valve recesses, the valve member makes only one-half. of a revolution during each complete cycle of operations in the engme cylinder, so that it need be turned or rotated at only one-half of the speed necessary in the case of a valve member having a single valve recess, with consequent saving in friction and wear and in the amount of power required to drive the valve. Moreover, this construction affords a reduced size of the valve recesses, with consequent lessening of the valve area and valve-seat area exposed to the heat from the exhaust gases. Furthermore, by the location and arrang ment of the admission and exhaust ports described, both of said ports are brought into the lower or inner half of the cylindric .valve chamber, so that the pressure applied also provides for constant and uniform [)I'Os" sure of the. valve member against the portion of its seat containing the admission, exhaust and cylinder ports, duringthe operation of the valve.

Now referring to the construction shown in Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, these figures show, in general, a valve embracing the fea tures hereinbefore described, but containing, in addition thereto, means whereby pressure exerted on the valve through the cylinder port, and tending to lift the same from its seat, will be counter-balanced by fiuid'pressure exerted on an equal area of the valve member, at the side of the latter diametrically opposite said cylinder port. In the form of valve shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, the pressure block 18 is provided, in its bearing surface diametrically opposite the cylinder port 11, with a longitudinally extending recess or channel substantially equal in length and width to the correspondingdimensions of the cylinder port. At the longitudinal center of the valvechamber, the pressure block is provided with a transversely elongated chamber 35* with which the recess 35 communicates, while in the valve seat (Fig. 10) recesses l1 are formed, which are in communication with the cylinaler port and correspond in width and length with the said chamber 35*. A pipe or tube 36 extends diametrically across the valve member and is so arranged as to afford communication between the cylinder port and the groove or channel 35*. Said tube 36* is shown as bent or curved between its ends, -so

' that its endwise expansion and contraction will not act to distort the valve member. By reason bf the circumferential extension of the chamber 35* and of the

recesses

11, 11, the ends of the passage afforded by the pipe 36 serve to maintain communication between the cylinder port. and the passage 35* during substantially all of the rotative movement of the valve member, during which the power stroke of the piston is taking place and while the pressure of the expanding gases in the cylinder is being exerted upon the valve member.

The driving means for the valve member, illustrated in Figs. 8 to 10, embraces a sprocket-wheel 37 (Fig. 9) mounted on an endwise cylindric extension 7 of the valve member and held yieldingly from turning thereon by a ball 36 and spring 36, which are mounted in a tube 36 attached to'the valve member, said ball and spring operating as hereinbefore described.

As shown in Figs. 11 and 12, a counterbalancing fluid pressure is applied to the valve member as follows: At the side of the v'alve casing, opposite that on which the auxiliary cylinder 19 is located, is provided a passage 38 opening at its lower end into the cylinder and connected at its upper end with a passage 39 formed. in the pressure Llocl; 18, which passage-communicates with a longitudinally extending groove or channel 40 formed in the inner face of the pres.- sure block diametrically opposite the cylinder port 11 and corresponding in area with said cylinder port. To provide a connection of the passage 38 in the valve casing with the passage 39 in the pressure block, said pressure block is provided with a lateral extension 41 provided with a downwardly facing surface or shoulder which extends over a corresponding upwardly facing shoulder 41 on the valve casing. Between said shoulders 41' and 41 are located two elastic or compressible rings or gaskets 42 which serve to maintain a tight joint between the

passages

38 and 39, while permitting the necessary shifting or yielding movement of the pressure block relative to the valve casing both sidewise and toward and from the valve seat. In this instance, the ressure block, at the exhaust side of the va ve, is held from rising by means of a plate 43, secured to the valve casing by a screw 43 and extending over the projection 41 on the pressure block. A space is provided between the said plate 43 and the said projection, and the plate .is 7

provided, in its lower face, with a transverse groove, in which is inserted and held a cy-- lindric rod 4-4 arranged parallel with the side of the pressure block and against which bears the top surface of said projection. The said rod 44 forms a bearing for one side of the pressure block, on which the same may turnor rock when the opposite side of said block is swung or moved by the action of the lever 23.

The advantages gained by the use of the fluid pressure counter-balancin means described, in connection with t e pressure block and the means operated through the pressure within the cylinder and acting on said pressure block to vary the pressure of the same against the valve member accord ing tothe pressure within the cylinder, will be understood 'from the following: The form of deviceshown in Figs. 1 to 7 affords highly advantageous results when applied to explosive engines in which the variations in pressure within the cylinder are not extremely high, or, in other words, when under normal working conditions the pressure exerted by the piston 21 and transmitted therefrom to the pressure block will 'notbe so great as to give undue pressure or the valve member against its seat, or, in other words, when such a degree of pressure of the'valve a ainst its seat is not materially in excess 0 that required to prevent leakage of the expanding gases through the valve. When, however, the engine is designed to operate with very high pressures, the construction providing for counter-balancing of the pressure on the valve member by fluid pressure, shown in Figs. 8 to 12., 18 of very great advantage, because thereby all of the pressure acting on the valve member through the cylinder port is counterbalanced by the'opposing pressure on the opposite side of 1 the valve member, with the result that the pressure acting on the *words, in the construction providing for direct fluid counter-balancing, in connection with the pressure block and means for op-.

erating the same, the devices for giving pressure of the pressure block against the valve member may be designed, proportioned or adjusted so as to give no more than the degree of pressure of the valve member against its sea-t required to prevent leakage at the time of maximum pressure in the cylinder, so that most advantageous working conditions may be obtained, regardless of the degree of pressure in the cylinder at the time of the ignition and explosion of the charge therein.

With respect to the form of valve con- 'struction shown in Figs. 8 to 10, both inclusive, and inFigs. 11 and 12, the pressure transmitted from the engine cylinder to the portion of the cylindric valve member opposite the portion of the valve member which bridges the cylinder port 11 when the valve is closed, serves, in effect, to counterbalance thepressure exerted on that portion of said valve member which spans the cylinder port l1. The pressure block 18 is prevented from rising under the ressure in the cylinder by means of the plston 21 opposite the cylinder port.

the piston 21 under the pressure in the enwhich is subjected to. the same degree of pressure as the part of the valve member The action of gine cylinder acts to counterbalance the upward pressure onv the pressure block. Thus the valve member is subjected to just enough pressure on that side of the same opposite the cylinder port to maintain the valve member in close bearing against its seat, \vhilethe pressure on each side of the crete example. Say, for instance, that an explosion is taking place in the engine cyl- I indcr 5 and the pressure inthe engine cylinder is 300 pounds to the square inch. The valve member 7 is at this time in the position it occupies when closed and that portion of said valve member-which bridges the cylinder port 11 is naturally subjected to a pressure of 300 pounds to the square inch. This pressure, in the form of valve construction shown in Figs. 8 to .10 inclusive, is transmitted through the tube 36* to the side of. the valve member opposite the cylinder port 11, and the area of the valve valve member is balanced. Perhaps this. will be better understood by taking a con maaeeo member at this point is equal to the area of the valve surface ex osed to the pressure in the cylinder througii the cylinder port 11. Thus the pressure on the side of the valve member opposite. the cylinder port 11 is equal to that on the opposite side of the valve member. The 300 pound pressure is also acting through this medium the pressure block 18 is held from rising or being lifted under the cylinder pressure in the chamber 36. The action of the piston 21 counterbalances the effect of the pressure on the pressure block. The same is also true with respect to the type of valve construction shown in Figs. 11 and 12. Underabnormal pressure, such as produced in the cylinder during the compression stroke of the engine is'ton or during the explosion in the cylinder, the piston 21 is effected and acts on the presagainst the piston 21 andv sure block 18 to prevent rising thereof under cylinder pressure. Under normal conditions, however, such as during the suction stroke of the piston or the scavenging stroke, there is no pressure in the cylinder and at this time the piston'21 is not acted upon, but the s ring 27 plays its part and exerts enough 0 a pressure on the pressure block 18 to cause the same tomaintain the valve member 7 in close bearing with its seat. Naturally, the spring 27 in all of the forms of valve construction shown in .the drawings acts the same in each case. In this connection, it may be stated that the spring 27, arranged as described, performs the same function in all of the forms of valve illustrated, inasmuchns said sprin is designed to act at all times to give suc i excess of pressure on the pressure block as to maintain the valvemember in such close bearing against itsseat as to insure the proper operation of the valve. i

The sever'alfeatures of my invention may be embodied in valves materially different in details of construction from those illustrated and I do not, therefore, desire'to be limited to the specific features illustrated and hereinbefore described, except as pointed out in the appended claims.

I claim'as my invention:

1. The combination with a cylinder, of a valve casing provided with a cylindric valve chamber having a cylinder port and inlet and exhaust ports located at opposite sides of the cylinder port, a rotative valve member provided with two oppositely arranged valve recesses, a pressure block located between the inlet and exhaust ports and provided with a concave bearing surface in contact with the valve member, a movable member subject to the pressure within the cylinder, and power transmitting means interposed between s'aid movable member and said pressure block and acting on said block in a direction to oppose the pressure tending to lift niaaeeo the valve member from its seat; said cylinder port and inlet and exhaust ports being located entirely within one-half of the circumference of the cylindric bearing surface of the valve chamber.

2. The combination with a cylinder, of'a valve casing provided with a valve seat and a cylinder port in said seat, a movable valve member coacting with said port, a pressure block acting on the side of the valve member oppositesaid seat, an auxiliary cylinder in open communication with the cylinder, a piston in said auxiliary cylinder subject to the pressure within the cylinder, pressure transmitting means embracing a spring in terposed between said piston and said pressure block and acting on said block ina 1 direction to oppose the pressure tending to lift the valve member from its seat.

3. The combination with a cylinder, of a valve casing provided with a valve seat and with a cylinderport, a valve member coacting with said port, a pressure block in contact with" the side of the valve member opposite said seat, an auxiliary cylinder in open communication with the said cylinder, a piston in said auxiliary cylinderprovided with a piston rod, a movable member actin to'transmit pressure from said'piston ro to said pressure block, in a direction to oppose the pressure tending to lift the valve member from its seat embracing a lever, and a spring applied to act on the piston rod in a direction to effect pressure of the said block against the valve member.

4. The combination with a cylinder, of a valve casing provided with a 'oncave' valve seat and wlth a cylinder port, and having an opening extending longitudinally of the valve'seat, a rotative, cylindric, valve member, a ressure block located in said opening in t e valve casing and having a concave bearing surface for contact with the valve member, said pressure block being adapted for lateral shifting movement relatively to the valve casing, means on the valve casing engaging one side of the pressure block, to

hold the same positively from outward movement, and means operated by the pressure within the cylinder, acting on the opposite side of the pressure block to oppose the pressure tending-to lift the valve from its seat.

5. The combination with a cylinder, of a valve casing provided with a concave valve seat and with a cylinder-port in said seat, a rotative, cylindric valve member, a pressure blockprovided with a concavesurtace for contact with the valve member, a plate attached to the valve casing and en aging one side of the pressure block to hol the same from outward movement, and means subject to the pressure within" the cylinder acting on the other side of said pressure block,

in a direction to oppose the pressure tending to lift the valve member from its seat.

6. The combination with a cylinder, of a valve casing provided with a concave valve seat and with acylinder port in said valve seat, said valve casing being provided with an opening extending longitudinally of the valve chamber, a rotative, ,cylindric valve member, an elongated pressure block located in said opening, said pressure block being narrower than the opening and provided with outwardly facing shoulders at its opposite sides, a plate secured to the valvecasing and engaging the shoulder on one side of the pressure block, a lever mounted on the valve casing and engaging the shoulder on, the opposite side of said pres sure block, a movable member subject to the pressure within the cylinder, and means for transmitting pressure from said movable member to said lever.

7. The combination with a cylinder, of a valve casing provided with a cylindric valve .chamber, a cylinder port, and inlet and exhaust ports located at opposite sides of the cylinder port, and a rotative, cylindricvalve member having diametrically opposed valve recesses extending longitudinally thereof, said valve casin being provided with an air inlet port an a gas exit port, separated from each other longitudinally of the valve chamber and located in position for simultaneous communication with the opposite endsof one of said valve recesses in the movement of the other of said valve recesses from the inlet port to the exhaust ort. P 8. The combination with a cylinderyof" a valve casing rovided, with a cylindric valve chamber aving a cylinder port and inlet and exhaust. portsilocated at opposite sides of said cylinder port, a rotat1ve, cylindric valve member provided with a longis tudinally extending valve recess, a pressure block provided with a concave bearing sur face in contact with said valve member, and

and a gas exit port; said air inlet and gas exit ports being'adapted for simultaneous communication valve recess, I Q 9. The combination with a cylinder, of a valve casing provided with a cylindric valve chamber, with a cylinder port, and- Withopposite ends of the with inlet and exhaust,- orts located at oppositesides of the cylin er port, a r'otative],

cylindric valve member having a valve recess extending longitudinally of thevalve member, said valve casin' being provided between the inlet and ex aust ports with an air inlet port and a gas exit port, said air inlet and gas exit ports being coated in position for simultaneous communication with the opposite ends of said valve recess,

rat

and said valve casing having an exit passage in communication. with the said gas exitport. i

1,0, The combination with a cylinder, of a valve casing provided with a cylindric valve chamber, with a cylinder port, and

with inlet and exhaust ports located at opposite sides of said cylinder port, a rotative, cylindric valve member provided with a longitudinally extending valve recess, an elongated pressure block provided with a concave bearing surface in contact with said valve member, and in said bearing surface with an a1r inlet and a gas exlt port; said air-.Qinlet and gas exit ports being adaptedfor simultaneous communication with opposite ends of the valve recess, and said valve casing being provided with an exit passage in communication with the gas exit port.of the pressure block.

11. The combination with a cylinder, of a valve casing provided with a cylindric valve chamber having a cylinder port and inlet and exhaust ports at-opposite sides of said cylinder port, a rotatlve, cylindric valve member provided With a longitudif nelly extending 'velvefrecess, an elongated pressure block provided with a concave bear ng surface in contact with the said valve member and havin in its said. bearing surface, at one end, 0 the block, an air in e t port, and, at the op osite end of the .block, a gas exit port, an a chamber with y-which saidg-as exit port communicates, and

which opens through the ;end face of the block, said valve casing being provided Y with an exit passage in co'm'munlcation' with said chamber in the pressure block. i 12. The combination witha cylinder, of a valve provided with la'lvalveseat having a cylinder port, -a.-movable'fva lve member co-' acting with'said' valve seat, a pressure block having a bearing surface n contact with the --v alve member, and meanso erated by the pressure withln. said {cylin er, acting to press the said pressure block toward the valve member in opposition to the pressure tending to lift the same fromits seat, said ressure block being,provided,-in its said caring surface, with a recess which is subject to couuterbalancing pressure from the interior of the cylinder.

.13. The combination with a cylinder, of-a valve casing provlded with a cylindric valve chamber-having a cylinder port, a rotative, cylindric valve member, a pressure block provided with a concave bearing surface in contact with the valve member at the side of the latter opposite said cylinder port, and means operated by the pressure within the cylinder and acting on said pressure block to oppose the pressure tending to lift the valve member from its seat, said pressure .block being provided in its said bearingsurface with a recess which is substantiallyequal in area to the area of the cylinder port and is subjectto counterbalancing pressure from the interior of the cylinder. 7

e 14:. The combination with a cylinder, of a.

valve'provided 'with a valve seat having a cylinder port, a movable valve member coacting with said valve seat, a pressure block havin a, bearing surface in contact with the va ve member, and provided, in its said bearin surface, with a recess which is substantia y equal in area to the cylinder port,

and means operated by the pressure within said cylinder, acting to press the said pressure block toward the valve member in opposition to the pressure tending to lift the same from its seat, the valve being provided with. a passage leading from the interior of the cylinder to the said recess in the pressure block, afi'ordm a counterbalancin fluid pressure in sai recess.

15. he combination with a cylinder, of a valve casing provided with a cylindric valve chamber havin a cylinder port, a rotative, cylindric va ve member, a pressure block provided with a concave bearing surface-in contact with the valve member at the side of the latter opposite said cylinin its said bearing surface with a recess which is substantially equal in area to the der port, said pressure block being provided area of the cylinder port, and means operpresence of two witnesses, this 16th day of July A. D. 1913.

' 7 WILLIAM H. FAUBER. Witnesses:

CHARLES H. PooLE EUGENE C. WARNER.