US1127868A - Valve for internal-combustion engines. - Google Patents

Description

H. B. DOHBRTY.

VALVE FOR INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION I'ILBD 00T.14, 1913.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

THE NORR/S PETERS C0.. PHOTC-LITHD., WASHINGTON. D. C.

H. B. DOHERTY.

VALVE POR INTERNE-.L COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED ooT.14, 1913.

1,127,868. i v Patented Feb.9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W, E fwenzzaz- Jaw? YHE NORRIS PETERS CO., PHOTO-LITHO., WASHINGTON. D. C.

HARRY B. DOHERTY, or waxes-BARRE, PENNSYLVANIA.

VALVE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Fatented Feb. 9, i915.

Application led ctober 14, A1913. Serial No. 795,139.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it lnown that lf, Hanny B. DoHnnTY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of lVilkes-Barre, Luzerne county, .Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Valves for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to internal combustion engines of theexplosion type, in which the inlet of the explosive mixture and the outlet of the products of combustion and waste gases is controlled by valves suitably driven from a moving part of the engine, and the object of my invention is to provide an improved form of piston valve for controlling the Ainlet and exhaust to and from the cylinders.

rlhe usual practice heretofore has been to employ either puppet valves, which are raised by cams and lowered under the action of springs; separate and independent valves being employed to take care of the inlet and exhaust of each of the several cylinders, or sleeve valves surrounding the cylinder, and my improved valve is designed to take the place of structures of these types.

My invention consists of an improved form of piston valve disposed adjacent a pair of cylinders and designed to take care of the inlet and exhaust from the same, which valve is rotated for the purpose of bringing its ports into proper position with respect to the ports leadir'ig to the several Vcylinders and at the same time is reciprocated so that the port which has been employed as the means through which exhaust may be discharged from a cylinder, becomes the means whereby a charge of gas is admitted to a'cylinder. By employing a valve with two cross or through passages, each passage having two ports, and arranging the same in proper relation with respect to the inlet and exhaust ports of a pair of cylinders, a single valve may be employed to take care of both cylinders.

My improved valve is vshown in its application to a four cylinder equipment, and it will be understood that the position of the passages is determined by the number of cylinders of the equipment; the firing of the several cylinders taking place at different intervals.

These and other features of inventionare more fully described hereinafter, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l, is an elevation of a four cylinder engine equipment showing the position of the inlet and exhaust manifolds; Fig. Q, is an enlarged sectional elevation through the valve casing and crank-casing on the line 2&2, Fig. l, showing one cylinder and its piston in dotted lines; Fig. 3, is a view partlyin section looking at the end of the cylinders and showing the gearing for driving the valves; Fig. 4, is a sectional plan view, on the line 4 4, Fig. 2, illustrating one position of one valve and its passages; Fig. 5, is a similar sectional view, showing the valve with its passage in a different position; Figs. 6 and 7, are views similar to Figs. 4 and 5, showing other positions of the valve, and Fig. 8, is a view illustrating a development of one of the piston valve chambers.

In the drawings, l represents a casting having the usual water spaces 2, and bored to form cylinders 3 for the reception of pis tons l. This casting also includes a portion or shell 5 in which a valve chamber 6 is formed receiving a piston valve 7, which valve is arranged to be rotated and simul-y taneously reciprocated so as to bring its passages into proper registry with the inlet and exhaust ports between a pair of oylinf' ders and the usual inlet and exhaust manifolds. The crank shaft is shown at l0, having the usual cranks ll, to which the connecting rods l2 of the several pistons are properly attached in the usual manner.

The piston valve 7 is a substantially solid cylindrical body, having a pair of passages 15 and 16 disposed at an angle with respect to each other, and the angle of this disposi-` tion will be determined by the number of cylinders of the engine equipment with which my improved valve is employed. The valve has a stem 17 at its lower end, which passes through a pair of blocks 18 andy 19, secured in the lower part of the shell 5 forming the valve chamber, which blocks are so shaped and Vso disposed with respect to eachother that a cam path 20 is formed betweenthe same whereby roller pins 2l rcarried by said valve stem may be actuated or' guided for the purpose of effecting lone being effected by gearing as hereinafter described. i

The valve stem 1s provided with an angular face or faces 22 and extends below theL valve chamber; passing through a helical gear or pinion 25 suitably supported with respect to said valve stem and having antifriction bearings. The pinion is thereby held in a 'fixed vertical position, so that rotative movement imparted thereto will be transmitted to the valve stem in driving engagement therewith but movable through the same, and thence to the piston valve. This movement is transmitted from a helical gear or pinion 26 on a .shaft 27 suitably driven from the crank shaft by the gear wheels 28 and 29 on the shafts 10 and'27, and the pinions 28a and 29a carried vby the shaft 30.

The blocks 18 and 19 are preferably of hardened steel and may be threaded into the lower part of the valve chamber, or they may be secured in place by screws or other fastening means passing through the wall of said chamber. In order to gain access to the roller' pins 21 carried by the valve stem, I preferably provide an aperture 31 in the valve chamber, which is normally closed by suitable means, such as a plate 32. The piston valve is preferably marked on its upper end or head so as to indicate the position of the passages and facilitate its resetting or retiming.

The blocks 18 and 19 when properly positioned to form the desired cam path may be secured in such position by means of set screws passing through the walls of the valve casing, and it will be understood, of course, that both of said blocks 18 and 19 are adjustable with respect to each other in order to effect the reciprocation of the piston valve at the proper time. In addition, they are adjustable independently of each other so as to take up any wear and insure that the cam path is in proper position to effect the desired movement of the piston valve.

The main cylinders are provided with the usual ports or passages 35 and 36 for the inlet and exhaust of the explosive mixture and the products of combustion, respectively, which ports or passages may. be curved and the end of the cylinder is tapped at 37' for the reception of the usual spark plug A3S whereby the chargemay be ignited. The rotary piston valve 7 is so timedwith relation to the movements of the pistons 4 that the passages and ports of said valve will be brought successively into proper' po'- sition to admit of the passage of -a charge of explosive mixture tothe cylinders and to provide for the exhaust of the products of combustion from said cylinders; the crank shaft beinggeared to the valve in the relation of four to one. v

The vertically movable stem of the valve may be employed as a pump to circulate oil between the bottom of the crank casing and oil carrying troughs 41 through which the cranks pass, and for this purpose, the lower end 42 of the stem of such piston valve may fit Within a chamber 43 near the bottom of the crank casing so that upon the upward stroke, oil will be drawn in by said piston from the crank casing, and by providing a check valve of suitable construction, a, ball 45 for instance, the oil will be retained for discharge through a passage 46 to the troughs 41; the passage 46 being also provided with a check valve to prevent withdrawal of oil through the same when the valve stem rises.

Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7, showing sections through the cylinders and valve, illustrate the relation of the inlet and exhaust ports andpassages to each other. Fig. 6,`shows a plan view of the inlet and exhaust manifolds for the third and fourth cylinders,` and Fig. 8, is a diagrammatic illustration of the ports of one of the valve cylinders.

By referring to Fig. 8, it will beV seen that upon the first half revolution of the crank shaft, the valve 7 descends and lrises again, and in this action fuel is admitted to cylinder A via passage 15; passage 16 being closed at both ends and fuel previously admitted to cylinder B is being compressed. Upon the second half revolution of the crank shaft with the valve 7 still rising; passage 15 is closed at both ends and cylinder A is under compression; passage 16 being closed at both ends, explosion is taking place in cylinder B. Upon the third half revolution of the crank shaft, the valve 7 rises and descends; passage 15` being closed at both ends, and explosion takes place in cylinder A, while passage 16 is open at both ends, permitting cylinder B to exhaust.

Upon the fourth half revolution of the crank shaft, the valve 7 is still descending; passage 15 is open at both ends, permitting cylinder A to exhaust, while passage 16 is open at both ends, permitting inlet of fuel to cylinder B.

I claimzl 1. The combination, in an internal combustion engine, of a cylinder, a valve chamber paralleling the cylinder, a piston valve l in said chamber having a single passage controlling both admission and exhaust of gases to said cylinder, and means for rotating and simultaneously reciprocating said piston valve.

2. The combination, in an internal combustion engine, of a pair of cylinders, a valve chamber paralleling said cylinders and disposed for communication Withrboth of the same, a piston valve in said chamber, said valve having a plurality of cross passages, each of said passages controlling both admission and exhaust of gases to one of said cylinders, and means for rotating and simultaneously reciprocating said valve.

The combination, in an internal combustion engine, of a pair oi cylinders, a valve chamber common to both of said cylinders and paralleling the same, a reciprocating piston valve in said chamber having a plurality of cross passages, each of said passages controlling both admission? and exhaust of gases to one of said cylinders, and means for rotating said valve simultaneously with its reciprocations, said valve having two complete reciproeative movements for each rotative movement.

4. The combination, in an internal combustion engine, of a cylinder, a crank-shaft, a valve chamber adjacent to and paralleling the cylinder', a reciprocable piston valve in said chamber having a single passage con` trolling both admission and exhaust of gases to said cylinder, gearing driven by the crank-shaft for rotating said valve, and means Within said chamber for reciprocating said valve simultaneously with its rotative movement.

5. The combination, in an internal combustion engine, of a cylinder, a crank-shaft, a piston driving the same, a valve chamber paralleling the cylinder, a piston valve in said chamber having a single through passage contiolling the admission and exhaust of gases to and from said cylinder, gearing driven by the crank-shaft for rotating said valve, and a plurality of adjustable cams Within said chamber for eiiecting reciprocation of said valve during its rotative movements.

6. The combination of a plurality oit' cylinders, a valve chamber parallel to and mounted between said cylinders and having ports or passages leading t'o both of said cylinders, a rotary piston valve mounted in said chamber and having a plurality of passages 'or registry with the ports or passages leading to the cylinders, each passage of the piston valve serving alternately for inlet and exhaust, means for rotating said valve,

and means Within the chamber for eiecting simultaneous reciprocation of said valve.

7. The combination, in an internal combustion engineof a cylinder, a valve chamber paralleling said cylinder, a piston valve in said chamber having a single passage controlling the admission and exhaust of gases to and from said cylinder, a plurality of cams in said chamber for effecting reciplocation of said valve during its rotation, and means for adjustably securing said cams in place.

8. The combination, in an'internal combustion engine, of a cylinderfa valve chamber paralleling the cylinder, a piston valve in said chamber having a single passage controlling the admission and exhaust of gases to and from said cylinder, means for rotating said valve, a plurality of cams relatively yhired in said chamber for eilecting reciprocation of said valve in both directions during its rotation, a stem carried by said valve and passing through the aXisv of the same at right angles thereto, and a pair of roller pins carried by said stem for engagement with the cams whereby the valve may be reciprocated during its rotative movements.

9. The combination, in an internal combustion engine, of a cylinder, a valve cham ber paralleling they cylinder, a piston valve in said chamber having a single passage controlling the admission and exhaust of gases to and from said cylinder, means for rotating said valve, a plurality of cams in said chamber for effecting reciprocation of said valve in both directions during its ro tation, a stem Carried by said valve, a pair of roller pins carried by said stem in en- Y; gagement with the cams whereby the valve may be reciprocated during its rotative movements, said valve chamber having an opening for access to said pins, and a plate covering said openinm In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

HAR-RY B. DOHERTY.

Witnesses MURRAY C. BOYER, WM. A1 Bann.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, ny addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

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